EP0123116B1 - Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123116B1
EP0123116B1 EP84102907A EP84102907A EP0123116B1 EP 0123116 B1 EP0123116 B1 EP 0123116B1 EP 84102907 A EP84102907 A EP 84102907A EP 84102907 A EP84102907 A EP 84102907A EP 0123116 B1 EP0123116 B1 EP 0123116B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
autoclave
tobacco
treatment gas
treatment
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84102907A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0123116A3 (en
EP0123116A2 (de
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Ziehn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Original Assignee
HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co filed Critical HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co
Priority to AT84102907T priority Critical patent/ATE34284T1/de
Publication of EP0123116A2 publication Critical patent/EP0123116A2/de
Publication of EP0123116A3 publication Critical patent/EP0123116A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123116B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123116B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for improving the filling capacity of tobacco, such as cut tobacco leaves or ribs or tobacco additives, by treatment with a treatment gas containing nitrogen and / or argon at pressures up to 1000 bar in an autoclave and a heat treatment which follows after decompression.
  • gas pressure treatment with nitrogen is carried out in the range from 150 to 1000 bar and treatment with argon in the pressure range from 50 to 800 bar
  • the object of the present invention is to improve these known methods and in particular to carry them out economically and continuously, and also to achieve an improvement in the fillability of those types of tobacco or tobacco additives which are less easy to expand by known methods.
  • tobacco not only includes cut tobacco leaves and ribs, but also torn tobacco leaves as used for the production of cigars, other tobacco products and tobacco additives.
  • the following fibrous natural products come into question as tobacco additives: buds of Cinnamomum lassia, seeds of Apium graveoleus, cellulose fibers, Eugenia caryophyllata, seeds of Cumium cymium, various dried fruits of e.g. B. apples, plums, figs, roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Folium liatris.
  • the main advantage of maintaining a minimum inlet temperature of the tobacco for the heat treatment of below 0 ° C is based on the fact that better blowing effects are obtained compared to a tobacco that has a higher inlet temperature during the heat treatment and that better filling capacities can be achieved, in particular with low-expandable material.
  • the temperature of the autoclave can be reduced, for example by means of jacket cooling, to such an extent that part of the heat of compression is removed.
  • the treatment gas can be supplied in a cooled manner, as a result of which the heat of compression which builds up is compensated and the temperature at which the tobacco is discharged after the decompression is thereby considerably reduced.
  • the treatment gas can be cooled either before or during the application; in the latter case, the nitrogen in the autoclave can be cooled by recirculation via an external cooler
  • the treatment gas can preferably be introduced into an annular space provided inside the autoclave, which is delimited on the outside by the inner wall of the autoclave and on the inside by a cylinder wall with passage openings which lead into the interior of the autoclave.
  • the main advantage of such an introduction via an annular space formed by an inner cylinder wall with through openings is the larger and more uniform distribution of the treatment gas in the autoclave, as a result of which a compacting of the material to be treated is avoided.
  • Such compacting can also be avoided by applying the treatment gas to the autoclave from below or from the side.
  • the autoclave can also be charged with the treatment gas after reaching the final pressure and can be relaxed overhead or downward.
  • the compression and decompression are carried out in a cascade manner in several stages in such a way that an autoclave is charged with a treatment gas under higher pressure from another autoclave which is expanded in stages.
  • a cascade-like compression and decompression not only serves to make better use of the energy used for the compression in in the sense that treatment gas under higher pressure is used at its decompression to build up the pressure of the treatment gas for another reactor, but also to introduce a cooler treatment gas for the reactor, which is filled with treatment gas from the reactor under higher pressure, since the expansion enthalpy in leads primarily to a colder gas and to a much lesser extent to cooling the reactor wall and tobacco.
  • the gas entering the lower pressure reactor in the case of cascade-type pressure compensation is additionally cooled during the transition. This cooling can be taken, for example, from the last decompression stage of a reactor by means of the expansion enthalpy.
  • the treatment gas or a part thereof is preferably supplied in the last compression stage in supercooled or liquefied form.
  • the discharge temperature of the tobacco from the autoclave corresponds to the minimum inlet temperature of the tobacco for the heat treatment or is slightly lower, care must be taken that the tobacco is fed directly to the heat treatment and does not absorb heat on the way from the autoclave to the heat treatment station. Since in continuous systems with several autoclaves the transport routes to the heat treatment station are relatively long, according to a further aspect of the invention it is necessary to keep the tobacco insulated against heat absorption after decompression so that the temperature of the tobacco does not exceed after it has been discharged from the autoclave the inlet temperature of the tobacco required for the heat treatment increases according to the invention.
  • the pressure build-up times should be chosen so that the tobacco does not heat up too much.
  • the pressure reduction times are about 1 to 10 and preferably 4 minutes.
  • a total of twelve autoclaves 1, 2 ... to 12 are provided, which are treated with treatment gas via a main line 20 and branch lines 21.
  • the treatment gas passes from a liquefied gas container 24, which contains liquid nitrogen, for example, via an evaporator 26 into a storage container 28, from where the treatment gas is fed to a compressor 22 and from there under a certain initial pressure of, for example, 2 to 10 bar via a line 30 the main line 20 is pressed.
  • the reactors are also connected to one another via connecting lines 23, the respective opening and closing of the valves for the connecting lines being electronically controlled.
  • the individual autoclaves are charged with tobacco from above, the tobacco being able to have any moisture of 10 to 30% by weight of water and preferably 12 to 24% by weight of water, while tobacco additives such as Cloves, a higher humidity of e.g. B. 50% may be appropriate.
  • the entry temperature of the tobacco can correspond to the ambient temperature; depending on the pretreatment of the cut tobacco, it can also be higher and, in a variant of the present method according to the invention, can also be just above the freezing point of the water present in the tobacco.
  • the tobacco is fed via conveyor belts 42 to a metering or dividing device 44, where it is fed to a heat treatment station 46 on a belt.
  • a heat treatment station 46 on a belt.
  • This is preferably a saturated steam treatment tunnel, but can also be a station with a different heat supply.
  • the inlet temperature of the tobacco for the heat treatment is below 0 ° C.
  • the tobacco swells spontaneously as it passes through the heat treatment station.
  • the saturated steam can have a water vapor density of 0.5 to 10 kg / m 3 depending on the temperature. Higher saturated steam densities or saturated steam at a higher temperature should generally be avoided from an energy-economic point of view and to avoid damage to the tobacco, although it is essential for this heat treatment to heat the tobacco that is at its minimum inlet temperature below 0 ° C as quickly as possible feed so that the blowing effect reaches a maximum value.
  • the blown tobacco and over-moistened by the saturated steam is then passed through a drying tunnel 48 and a downstream cooling device 50 in order to be removed at the desired processing moisture and processing temperature for further processing.
  • the conveyor belts 42 can be clad with a cooling tunnel 52.
  • the tobacco can also be conveyed into heat-insulated storage containers (not shown here) in order then to be fed batchwise to the heat treatment 46 via the metering device 44; this enables a more flexible way of working.
  • liquid treatment gas directly to the line system 21 via a separate line 54, preferably in the final stage of the compression.
  • cooling units can be provided in the connecting lines 23 between the individual autoclaves.
  • the autoclave 1 is at a pressure of 750 bar and is connected for decompression via the connecting line 23 to the autoclave 2, which is under a pressure of 220 bar and is further to be pressurized with compressed gas.
  • the autoclave No. 3 which is at normal pressure and has just been exposed to tobacco, is connected to the autoclave No. 4, which contains a treatment gas under a pressure of 220 bar and is to be further expanded.
  • stage 2 a pressure equalization has now taken place between autoclave 1 and autoclave 2, the treatment gas of which now has a pressure of 410 bar in both cases, while the autoclaves 3 and 4 have a pressure of 100 bar due to pressure equalization.
  • the further decompression of the autoclave 1 takes place via a connection to the autoclave 3 and the further application of compressed gas to the autoclave 2 takes place via the compressor or by supplying liquefied treatment gas.
  • the autoclave 4 is expanded, the treatment gas being discharged into the collecting container 28.
  • the expansion enthalpy can be used to cool treatment gas.
  • stage 3 pressure equalization took place in autoclaves 1 and 3, in which the treatment gas in autoclave 1 was reduced from 410 to 220 bar and the treatment gas in autoclave 3 was increased from 100 to 220 bar.
  • the autoclave 2 which has been brought to the final treatment pressure of 750 bar, is now ready for decompression.
  • the tobacco treated in the autoclave 4 is discharged and replaced with new, if necessary, pre-cooled tobacco.
  • the former is further expanded and the latter is again charged with treatment gas.
  • the autoclave 3 is further acted upon by the connection to the autoclave 2 ready for compression.
  • stage 4 an equilibrium has now been established between the autoclave 1 in the decompression stage, which has been brought down to 100 bar; and the autoclave 4, which has been raised to 100 bar, while the autoclaves 2 and 3 have been brought to 410 bar by appropriate compensation.
  • the autoclave 1 is decompressed, the treatment gas being fed into the storage container 28, and if necessary using the enthalpy of expansion for cooling a treatment gas supplied elsewhere.
  • the autoclave 3 is charged with further, if necessary, precooled treatment gas up to a pressure of 750 bar, unless liquid gas is injected according to a preferred form of the process according to the invention.
  • the further stages 5 to 8 are carried out analogously as previously described.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
EP84102907A 1983-04-21 1984-03-16 Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak Expired EP0123116B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84102907T ATE34284T1 (de) 1983-04-21 1984-03-16 Verfahren zur verbesserung der fuellfaehigkeit von tabak.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3314474 1983-04-21
DE3314474 1983-04-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123116A2 EP0123116A2 (de) 1984-10-31
EP0123116A3 EP0123116A3 (en) 1986-03-19
EP0123116B1 true EP0123116B1 (de) 1988-05-18

Family

ID=6196982

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84102907A Expired EP0123116B1 (de) 1983-04-21 1984-03-16 Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4577646A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0123116B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS59205971A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE34284T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU558305B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1219508A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA842969B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4898188A (en) * 1986-12-22 1990-02-06 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco Processing
US4727889A (en) * 1986-12-22 1988-03-01 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco processing
US4962773A (en) * 1987-08-13 1990-10-16 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Process for the manufacture tobacco rods containing expanded tobacco material
US5251649A (en) * 1991-06-18 1993-10-12 Philip Morris Incorporated Process for impregnation and expansion of tobacco
SK139993A3 (en) * 1992-12-17 1994-09-07 Philip Morris Prod Method of impregnation and expanding of tobacco and device for its performing
US5763544A (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-06-09 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic cooling of exothermic reactor
DE10046124C1 (de) * 2000-09-15 2002-07-04 Reemtsma H F & Ph Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak
DE10229451A1 (de) * 2002-07-01 2004-01-15 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak
US8327765B2 (en) * 2003-03-03 2012-12-11 Schott Ag Metal fixing material bushing and method for producing a base plate of a metal fixing material bushing
US8733250B2 (en) 2006-01-27 2014-05-27 Schott Ag Metal-sealing material-feedthrough and utilization of the metal-sealing material feedthrough with an airbag, a belt tensioning device, and an ignition device
US7726320B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2010-06-01 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco-containing smoking article
DE102010045641A1 (de) 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ring- oder plattenförmigen Elementes
US10684102B2 (en) 2010-09-17 2020-06-16 Schott Ag Method for producing a ring-shaped or plate-like element
US20130255702A1 (en) 2012-03-28 2013-10-03 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article incorporating a conductive substrate
US12022859B2 (en) 2019-07-18 2024-07-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Thermal energy absorbers for tobacco heating products

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4340073A (en) * 1974-02-12 1982-07-20 Philip Morris, Incorporated Expanding tobacco
US4235250A (en) * 1978-03-29 1980-11-25 Philip Morris Incorporated Process for the expansion of tobacco
US4248252A (en) * 1978-06-02 1981-02-03 Philip Morris Incorporated Continuous process for expanding tobacco
DE2903300C2 (de) * 1979-01-29 1982-06-09 H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabaken
DE3119330C2 (de) * 1981-05-15 1983-06-01 H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabaken
GB2115677A (en) * 1982-01-08 1983-09-14 Ronald D Rothchild A method for expanding tobacco
US4460000A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-07-17 The Boc Group, Inc. Vacuum and gas expansion of tobacco

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0123116A3 (en) 1986-03-19
ATE34284T1 (de) 1988-06-15
US4577646A (en) 1986-03-25
JPS59205971A (ja) 1984-11-21
CA1219508A (en) 1987-03-24
AU2717984A (en) 1984-10-25
EP0123116A2 (de) 1984-10-31
AU558305B2 (en) 1987-01-22
ZA842969B (en) 1984-12-24
JPH0458309B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-09-17

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