EP0111883B2 - Verwendung von Ethylencopolymerisaten als Mineralöladditive - Google Patents
Verwendung von Ethylencopolymerisaten als Mineralöladditive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0111883B2 EP0111883B2 EP83112556A EP83112556A EP0111883B2 EP 0111883 B2 EP0111883 B2 EP 0111883B2 EP 83112556 A EP83112556 A EP 83112556A EP 83112556 A EP83112556 A EP 83112556A EP 0111883 B2 EP0111883 B2 EP 0111883B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- vinyl
- waxy
- units
- copolymerisates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 title description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 title description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 alkene carboxylic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005605 branched copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,6-dien-4-one Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)CC=C PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- JLIDVCMBCGBIEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-penten-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C=C JLIDVCMBCGBIEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical class OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCCC(=O)C=C JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical class CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1955—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketonic, ketal, acetal radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of copolymers of ethylene as pour point depressants and flow improvers for crude oils and middle distillates of crude oil distillation.
- copolymers of ethylene with esters of vinyl alcohol, especially vinyl acetate are economically most important pour point depressants and flow improvers for crude oils and middle distillates.
- Such copolymers and their use are e.g. described in DE-A 1 914756 and DE-A 2515805. From GB-A-1 235 836 it is known to use copolymers of ethylene and vinyl methyl ketone as flow improvers.
- copolymers mentioned are generally prepared in autoclaves at temperatures from 80 to 150 ° C. and pressures from 50 to 150 bar with peroxides as initiators and in the presence of organic solvents as the reaction medium.
- the present invention relates to the use of waxy copolymers with a molecular weight of 500 to 20,000, which consist of at least 60% by weight of ethylene units, at least 1% by weight of alkenecarboxylic ester and / or vinyl ester units, and 1 to 30% by weight of vinyl ketone -Units as well as minor amounts of customary further monomers copolymerizable with ethylene exist as flow improvers for crude oils and middle distillates of crude oil distillation
- the ethylene copolymers used according to the invention are prepared by polymerizing the monomer mixture at temperatures from 100 to 350 ° C. and pressures from 1000 to 8000 bar in the presence of initiators which form free radicals. The polymerization does not require the presence of a solvent as the reaction medium. Solvent-free products are therefore obtained immediately.
- waxy copolymers of ethylene which in addition to alkenecarboxylic acid ester units and / or vinyl ester units also contain vinyl ketone units, significantly improve the flowability of both middle distillates from crude oil distillation and crude oils themselves, compared to conventional products.
- the improvement in flowability does not correspond to an additive effect of the content of ester and vinyl ketone units in the ethylene copolymers. Rather, it is shown that the action of the ester and vinyl ketone units increases synergistically.
- the copolymers preferably contain 75 to 94% by weight of ethylene units, 5 to 15% by weight of alkenecarboxylic acid ester units and 1 to 10% by weight of vinyl ketone units.
- esters of alkenecarboxylic acids having 3 to 12 carbon atoms with primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms can be used as alkenecarboxylic acid esters. Examples are methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate or 2-ethylhexyacrylate. Examples of vinyl esters are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate; vinyl acetate is particularly suitable. Compounds such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, vinyl propyl ketone and preferably vinyl methyl ketone are suitable as vinyl ketones.
- Typical copolymerizable with ethylene monomers which can be additionally contained in the copolymers are, for example C 3 - to C a alkenes, vinyl and Alkenyläther, vinyl and alkenyl alcohols, N-vinyl and N-alkenyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone , N-vinyl carbazole, N-vinyl caprolactam, acrylic and methacrylamides, acrylic and methacrylonitriles, vinyl and alkenyl ketones, vinyl and alkenyl sulfones and sulfonates, dicarbonates, acid anhydrides and styrene.
- alkenes vinyl and Alkenyläther
- vinyl and alkenyl alcohols vinyl and alkenyl alcohols
- N-vinyl and N-alkenyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone , N-vinyl carbazole, N-vinyl caprolactam, acrylic and methacrylamide
- the polymerization takes place in the presence of catalytic amounts of free radical initiators, e.g. Oxygen, in amounts of 2 to 250 mol ppm, based on the ethylene to be polymerized.
- free radical initiators e.g. Oxygen
- peroxides such as tert-butyl perbenzoate, dilauroyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide or azobutyronitrile in amounts of 2 to 200 mol ppm, based on the ethylene, can also be used as initiators.
- the molecular weights are adjusted using moderators, such as aliphatic alcohols and / or carbonyl compounds, saturated, unsaturated or chlorinated hydrocarbons or hydrogen.
- copolymers used according to the invention have molecular weights of 500 to 20,000, determined according to K. Rast, Ber. 550, 1922.
- copolymers described above improve the flow properties of mineral oils, such as middle distillations of crude oil distillation and also of crude oil itself. Their effect is based on the fact that they influence the crystal growth of the paraffin which precipitates in the cold in such a way that the paraffin crystals remain small and do not agglomerate and therefore Filters can pass.
- These copolymers are normally added to the mineral oil in the form of about 40 to 50% solutions in an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- the amount of copolymer based on the mineral oil should be 0.001 to 2, preferably 0.005 to 0.5,% by weight.
- the copolymers can be used alone or together with other pour point depressants or dewaxing aids, corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants or sludge inhibitors.
- the copolymers are also suitable as adhesives, as coating materials and for mixing with waxes, the properties of which they improve.
- a paraffin-rich middle distillate with a boiling point of 175 ° C, 5% point 195 ° C, 95% point 365 ° C, boiling point 383 ° C and a CFPP value of + 5 ° C is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive, which is 48% of a copolymer wax contains ethylene and 20% vinyl acetate with a viscosity (at 140 ° C) of 450 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of 0 ° C.
- the middle distillate of Comparative Example A is mixed with a copolymer wax made of ethylene and 22% t-butyl acrylate, which has a viscosity (at 140 ° C) of 550 mPas, under otherwise constant conditions, the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of +1 ° C.
- Comparative Example A If the middle distillate of Comparative Example A is mixed with a copolymer wax of ethylene and 10% methyl vinyl ketone, which has a viscosity (at 140 ° C.) of 500 mPas, under otherwise constant conditions, a CFPP value of +1 ° C. is measured.
- a middle distillate with a boiling point of 178 ° C, 5% point of 201 ° C, 95% point of 359 ° C, boiling point of 376 ° C and CFPP of -4 ° C is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive that contains 48% of a copolymer wax from ethylene and 24 % Contains vinyl acetate with a viscosity (at 140 ° C) of 1600 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of -7 °.
- the middle distillate of Comparative Example A is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive which contains 48% of a terpolymer wax made of ethylene, 19% vinyl acetate and 1% methyl vinyl ketone with a viscosity (at 140 ° C.) of 440 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of -3 ° C.
- the middle distillate of Comparative Example A is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive which contains 48% of a terpolymer wax made of ethylene, 15% t-butyl acrylate and 3% methyl vinyl ketone with a viscosity (at 140 ° C.) of 600 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of -4 ° C.
- the middle distillate of Comparative Example A is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive which contains 48% of a terpolymer wax made of ethylene, 15% vinyl acetate and 5% methyl vinyl ketone with a viscosity (at 140 ° C.) of 1480 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of -4 ° C.
- the middle distillate of Comparative Example A is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive which contains 48% of a terpolymer wax made of ethylene, 5% vinyl acetate and 10% vinyl methyl ketone with a viscosity (at 140 ° C.) of 560 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of -6 ° C.
- the middle distillate of Comparative Example D is mixed with 200 ppm of an additive which contains 48% of a terpolymer wax made of ethylene, 10% vinyl acetate and 10% methyl vinyl ketone with a viscosity (at 140 ° C.) of 1450 mPas.
- the middle distillate treated in this way has a CFPP value of -14 ° C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Copolymeren des Ethylens als Stockpunkterniedriger und Fliessverbesserer für Rohöle und Mitteldestillate der Rohöldestillation.
- Die wirtschaftlich wichtigsten Stockpunkterniedriger und Fliessverbesserer für Rohöle und Mitteldestillate sind Copolymerisate des Ethylens mit Estern des Vinylalkohols, insbesondere des Vinylacetats. Derartige Mischpolymerisate und ihre Verwendung sind z.B. in den DE-A 1 914756 und DE-A 2515805 beschrieben. Aus der GB-A-1 235 836 ist es bekannt, Copolymerisate aus Ethylen und Vinylmethylketon als Fliessverbesserer zu verwenden.
- Die Herstellung der genannten Copolymeren erfolgt im allgemeinen in Autoklaven bei Temperaturen von 80 bis 150°C und Drücken von 50 bis 150 bar mit Peroxiden als Initiatoren und in Gegenwart organischer Lösungsmittel als Reaktionsmedium.
- Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Verwendung wachsartiger Copolymerisate mit einem Molekulargewicht von 500 bis 20000, die aus mindestens 60 Gew.% Ethylen-Einheiten, mindestens 1 Gew.% Alkencarbonsäureester-und/oder Vinylester-Einheiten, und 1 bis 30 Gew.% Vinylketon-Einheiten sowie untergeordnete Mengen üblicher weiterer, mit Ethylen copolymerisierbarer Monomerer bestehen, als Fliessverbesserer für Rohöle und Mitteldestillate der Rohöldestillation
- Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäss verwendeten Ethylencopolymerisate erfolgt durch Polymerisation des Monomerengemisches bei Temperaturen von 100 bis 350°C und Drücken von 1000 bis 8000 bar in Gegenwart Radikale bildender Initiatoren. Die Polymerisation erfordert nicht die Anwesenheit eines Lösungsmittels als Reaktionsmedium. Man erhält daher unmittelbar lösungsmittelfreie Produkte.
- Überraschenderweise hat sich nämlich herausgestellt, dass wachsartige Copolymerisate des Ethylens, die neben Alkencarbonsäureestereinheiten und/oder Vinylestereinheiten auch noch Vinylketoneinheiten enthalten, die Fliessfähigkeit sowohl von Mitteldestillaten der Rohöldestillation als auch von Rohölen selbst, gegenüber herkömmlichen Produkten erheblich verbessern. Die Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit entspricht dabei nicht einer additiven Wirkung des Gehaltes der Ethylenmischpolymeren an Ester- und Vinylketoneinheiten. Es zeigt sich vielmehr, dass sich die Wirkung der Ester- und Vinylketoneinheiten synergistisch verstärkt.
- Vorzugsweise enthalten die Copolymerisate 75 bis 94 Gew.% Ethylen-Einheiten, 5 bis 15 Gew.% Alkencarbonsäureester-Einheiten und 1 bis 10 Gew.% Vinylketon-Einheiten.
- Das als Ausgangsstoff verwendete Ethylen wird in der für Polymerisationsreaktionen üblichen Reinheit von mindestens 99,9% eingesetzt. Als Alkencarbonsäureester können Ester von Alkencarbonsäuren mit 3 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen mit primären, sekundären oder tertiären Alkoholen die 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatome enthalten, verwendet werden. Beispiele sind Methylacrylat, Ethylacrylat, Butylacrylat oder 2-Ethylhexyacrylat. Beipiele für Vinylester sind Vinylacetat, Vinylpropionat; besonders geeignet ist Vinylacetat. Als Vinylketone kommen Verbindungen wie Vinylmethylketon, Vinylethylketon, Vinylpropylketon und bevorzugt Vinylmethylketon in Betracht.
- Übliche, mit Ethylen copolymerisierbare Monomere, die in den Copolymerisaten zusätzlich enthalten sein können, sind z.B. C3- bis Ca-Alkene, Vinyl- und Alkenyläther, Vinyl- und Alkenylalkohole, N-Vinyl- und N-Alkenylverbindungen, wie N-Vinylpyrrolidon, N-Vinylcarbazol, N-Vinylcaprolactam, Acryl- und Methacrylamide, Acryl-und Methacrylnitrile, Vinyl- und Alkenketone, Vinyl- und Alkenylsulfone und -sulfonate, Dicarbonate, Säureanhydride und Styrol.
- Die Polymerisation läuft in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Radikale bildender Initiatoren, z.B. Sauerstoff, in Mengen von 2 bis 250 Mol-ppm, bezogen auf das zu polymerisierende Ethylen ab. Neben Sauerstoff können als Initiatoren auch Peroxide, wie tert.-Butylperbenzoat, Dilauroylperoxid, Di-tert.-Butylperoxid oder Azobuttersäuredinitril in Mengen von 2 bis 200 Mol-ppm, bezogen auf das Ethylen, verwendet werden. Die Einstellung der Molekulargewichte erfolgt mit Moderatoren, wie aliphatischen Alkoholen und/ oder Carbonylverbindungen, gesättigten, ungesättigten oder clorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen oder Wasserstoff. In Abhängigkeit vom gewünschten Molekulargewicht werden sie in Konzentrationen zwischen 2 und 25 Vol.%, bezogen auf Ethylen, angewandt. Die erfindungsgemäss eingesetzten Copolymerisate haben Molekulargewichte von 500 bis 20000, bestimmt nach K. Rast, Ber. 550,1922.
- Die vorstehend beschriebenen Copolymerisate verbessern die Fliesseigenschaften von Mineralölen wie Mitteldestillationen der Rohöldestillation und auch von Rohöl selbst. Ihre Wirkung beruht darauf, dass sie das Kristallwachstum des in der Kälte ausfallenden Paraffins in der Weise beeinflussen, dass die Paraffinkristalle klein bleiben und nicht agglomerieren und daher die Filter passieren können. Man setzt diese Copolymerisate dem Mineralöl normalerweise in Form von etwa 40 bis 50%igen Lösungen in einem aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoff zu. Die Copolymerisatmenge bezogen auf das Mineralöl soll 0,001 bis 2, vorzugsweise 0,005 bis 0,5 Gew.% betragen. Die Copolymerisate können allein oder auch zusammen mit anderen Stockpunkterniedrigern oder Entwachsungshilfsmitteln, Korrosionsinhibitoren, Antioxidantien oder Schlamminhibitoren. Darüber hinaus eignen sich die Copolymerisate auch als Kleber, als Beschichtungsmaterialien und zur Abmischung mit Wachsen, deren Eigenschaften sie verbessern.
- In den folgenden Beispielen wird die Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit bei Mitteldestillaten oder Rohöldestillaten durch die erfindungsgemässe Verwendung bestimmter Copolymerisate des Ethylens an Hand des «Kalt-Filter-Verstopfungspunkt-Test» (CFPPT) gezeigt. Dieser Test ist in J. of the Inst. of Petr., Bd. 52, Juni 1966, S. 173 bis 185 sowie in DIN 51428 beschrieben.
- Ein paraffinreiches Mitteldestillat mit Siedebeginn 175°C, 5% Punkt 195°C, 95% Punkt 365°C, Siedeende 383°C und einem CFPP-Wert von +5°C wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Copolymerwachses aus Ethylen und 20% Vinylacetat mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 450 mPas enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von 0°C.
- Wird das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels A unter sonst konstanten Bedingungen mit einem Copolymerwachs aus Ethylen und 22% t-Butylacrylat, das eine Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 550 mPas aufweist, versetzt, hat das so behandelte Mitteldestillat einen CFPP-Wert von +1°C.
- Wird das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels A unter sonst konstanten Bedingungen mit einem Copolymerwachs aus Ethylen und 10% Methylvinylketon, das eine Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 500 mPas aufweist, versetzt, so wird ein CFPP-Wert von +1 °C gemessen.
- Ein Mitteldestillat mit Siedebeginn 178°C, 5% Punkt 201°C, 95% Punkt 359°C, Siedeende 376°C und CFPP von -4°C wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Copolymerwachses aus Ethylen und 24% Vinylacetat mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 1600 mPas enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von -7°.
- Das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels A wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Terpolymerwachses aus Ethylen, 19% Vinylacetat und 1% Methylvinylketon mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 440 mPas, enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von -3°C.
- Das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels A wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Terpolymerwachses aus Ethylen, 15% t-Butylacrylat und 3% Methylvinylketon mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 600 mPas enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von -4°C.
- Das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels A wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Terpolymerwachses aus Ethylen, 15% Vinylacetat und 5% Methylvinylketon mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 1480 mPas enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von -4°C.
- Das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels A wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Terpolymerwachses aus Ethylen, 5% Vinylacetat und 10% Vinylmethylketon mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 560 mPas enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von -6°C.
- Das Mitteldestillat des Vergleichsbeispiels D wird mit 200 ppm eines Additivs versetzt, das 48% eines Terpolymerwachses aus Ethylen,10% Vinylacetat und 10% Methylvinylketon mit einer Viskosität (bei 140°C) von 1450 mPas, enthält. Das so behandelte Mitteldestillat hat einen CFPP-Wert von -14°C.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83112556T ATE15064T1 (de) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-14 | Verwendung von ethylencopolymerisaten als mineraloeladditive. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3247753 | 1982-12-23 | ||
DE19823247753 DE3247753A1 (de) | 1982-12-23 | 1982-12-23 | Verwendung von ethylencopolymerisaten als mineraloeladditive |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0111883A1 EP0111883A1 (de) | 1984-06-27 |
EP0111883B1 EP0111883B1 (de) | 1985-08-21 |
EP0111883B2 true EP0111883B2 (de) | 1988-10-26 |
Family
ID=6181593
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83112556A Expired EP0111883B2 (de) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-14 | Verwendung von Ethylencopolymerisaten als Mineralöladditive |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4772673A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0111883B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE15064T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3247753A1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO163454C (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4020640A1 (de) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-01-02 | Hoechst Ag | Terpolymerisate des ethylens, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung als additive fuer mineraloeldestillate |
US6495495B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2002-12-17 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Filterability improver |
DE10309571A1 (de) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-16 | Basf Ag | Brennstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbesserten Kaltfließeigenschaften |
EP2510078B1 (de) | 2009-12-07 | 2017-02-15 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Methode zum schmieren eines schaltgetriebes |
JP7532781B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-28 | 2024-08-14 | 日本ポリエチレン株式会社 | 極性基含有オレフィン共重合体 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3591502A (en) * | 1968-07-15 | 1971-07-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Copolymers containing ethylene and unsaturated ketones are wax crystal modifiers for mineral oil |
GB1300227A (en) * | 1969-05-09 | 1972-12-20 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Flow improvers |
US3853814A (en) * | 1970-04-27 | 1974-12-10 | J Guillet | Photodegradable polymers of methyl methacrylate and unsaturated ketones |
NL159413B (nl) * | 1973-01-16 | 1979-02-15 | Ruhrchemie Ag | Werkwijze ter bereiding van afbreekbare tercopolymeren uit etheen, koolmonoxide en vinylacetaat. |
DE2822436A1 (de) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-12-06 | Consortium Elektrochem Ind | Hydroxylgruppen enthaltende vinylester- und vinylhalogenid-copolymere |
US4230843A (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-10-28 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Polymeric compositions, method for their preparation, and lubricants containing them |
-
1982
- 1982-12-23 DE DE19823247753 patent/DE3247753A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-12-14 AT AT83112556T patent/ATE15064T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-14 DE DE8383112556T patent/DE3360622D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-12-14 EP EP83112556A patent/EP0111883B2/de not_active Expired
- 1983-12-16 NO NO834647A patent/NO163454C/no unknown
-
1987
- 1987-04-15 US US07/038,544 patent/US4772673A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4772673A (en) | 1988-09-20 |
NO163454C (no) | 1990-05-30 |
ATE15064T1 (de) | 1985-09-15 |
DE3360622D1 (en) | 1985-09-26 |
EP0111883A1 (de) | 1984-06-27 |
DE3247753A1 (de) | 1984-06-28 |
EP0111883B1 (de) | 1985-08-21 |
NO163454B (no) | 1990-02-19 |
NO834647L (no) | 1984-06-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0463518B1 (de) | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate | |
EP0493769B1 (de) | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate | |
EP0807642B1 (de) | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate | |
EP0271738B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ethylen-Mischpolymerisaten und deren Verwendung als Zusatz zu Mineralöl und Mineralölfraktionen | |
DE19757830C2 (de) | Brennstofföle mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung | |
EP0922716B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ethylen-Terpolymeren und deren Verwendung als Zusatz zu Mineralöl und Mineralöldestillaten | |
EP0203554B1 (de) | Verwendung von Ethylen-Terpolymerisaten als Additive für Mineralöle und Mineralöldestillate | |
EP0184083A2 (de) | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung | |
DE19620119C1 (de) | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate | |
EP0254284B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten | |
DE2264328A1 (de) | Poly(n-alkylacrylat) und seine verwendung als stockpunkterniedriger in einer schweren erdoelfraktion | |
EP0258572B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit v. Mineralölen u. Mineralöldestillaten | |
DE2102469A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von niedrigmolekularen Äthylencopolymerisaten | |
EP0061696B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen | |
EP0960908B1 (de) | Mischungen von Copolymeren mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung | |
EP0111883B2 (de) | Verwendung von Ethylencopolymerisaten als Mineralöladditive | |
EP0603573A2 (de) | Pfropfpolymerisate, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung als Stockpunkterniedriger und Fliessverbesserer für Rohöle, Rückstandsöle und Mitteldestillate | |
EP0190553B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten | |
EP0309897B1 (de) | Copolymerisate aus Ethylen und Methoxiessigsäurevinylester und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate | |
EP0964052B1 (de) | Verwendung von stickstoffhaltigen Ethylencopolymeren zur Herstellung von Brennstoffölen mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung | |
EP0925274B1 (de) | Fliessverbesserer für erdöl-mitteldestillate | |
DE4311660C1 (de) | Kraftstoffzusammensetzung mit verbessertem Fließverhalten bei tiefen Temperaturen | |
EP0251002A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten | |
DE3711344A1 (de) | Copolymere aus (meth-)acrylsaeureestern mit laengerkettigen alkylresten, (meth-)acrylsaeureestern mit ueber ein heteroatom alkoxylierten cyclischen resten und gegebenenfalls weiteren komponenten, deren herstellung, deren verwendung und paraffinhaltige oele, die solche copolymere enthalten | |
DE4341765A1 (de) | Copolymerisate auf Ethylenbasis und ihre Verwendung als Fließverbesserer in Erdölmitteldestillaten |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19840714 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 15064 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19850915 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3360622 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19850926 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Effective date: 19860507 |
|
NLR1 | Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo |
Opponent name: BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT |
|
PUAH | Patent maintained in amended form |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT |
|
27A | Patent maintained in amended form |
Effective date: 19881026 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B2 Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19881026 |
|
NLR2 | Nl: decision of opposition | ||
NLR3 | Nl: receipt of modified translations in the netherlands language after an opposition procedure | ||
ET3 | Fr: translation filed ** decision concerning opposition | ||
NLS | Nl: assignments of ep-patents |
Owner name: HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT TE FRANKFORT A.D. MAIN, |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19891121 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19921127 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19921202 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19921215 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19921221 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19921231 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19930127 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19931214 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19931214 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19931231 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: HOECHST A.G. Effective date: 19931231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19940701 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931214 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19940831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19940901 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 83112556.2 Effective date: 19890122 |