EP0109067A1 - Procédé pour casser du matériau compact dur et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé pour casser du matériau compact dur et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0109067A1
EP0109067A1 EP83111283A EP83111283A EP0109067A1 EP 0109067 A1 EP0109067 A1 EP 0109067A1 EP 83111283 A EP83111283 A EP 83111283A EP 83111283 A EP83111283 A EP 83111283A EP 0109067 A1 EP0109067 A1 EP 0109067A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blast hole
igniter
shaft
pulse reflector
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83111283A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0109067B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Karl Dr-Ing. Arndt
Helmar Näfe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fried Krupp AG
Original Assignee
Fried Krupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fried Krupp AG filed Critical Fried Krupp AG
Priority to AT83111283T priority Critical patent/ATE29051T1/de
Publication of EP0109067A1 publication Critical patent/EP0109067A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0109067B1 publication Critical patent/EP0109067B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
    • E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting

Definitions

  • DE-PS 230 082 describes a method in which a force pulse applied outside the borehole is converted into a pressure pulse which becomes effective on all sides in the borehole onto the water column in the borehole.
  • a force pulse applied outside the borehole is converted into a pressure pulse which becomes effective on all sides in the borehole onto the water column in the borehole.
  • the method described in DE-PS 230 082 can only be used for soft materials such as coal.
  • DE-AS 24 09 653 describes a shredding device which is introduced into a borehole filled with liquid.
  • This device consists of a housing with a cavity and side bores, with the explosive charge being accommodated in a closed space in the upper part of the housing, which is insulated from the cavity by a pressure-tight partition made of resilient material and which only interacts with this cavity during the Explosion of the explosive charge connects.
  • this device has the disadvantage that the pressure resulting from the explosion must be absorbed by the device, ie only low-explosive propellants can be used and that the pressure pulse before it reaches the rock, via various media, namely via the gas that the should destroy spring-elastic partition and must be transferred over the water and also redirected to the rock, each time a significant part of the explosive effect is lost.
  • the pressure pulse does not hit the bottom of the borehole directly.
  • the borehole lengths are selected to be only about 0.3 to 0.5 times the height of the material to be calculated, it is precisely desirable that the cracking also forms from the end of the borehole into the depth of the stone.
  • the described covering of the material to be broken by means of an elastic sleeve can also be used to avoid splintering.
  • the blast hole is filled with an electrically conductive liquid and the current flow for igniting the explosive charge from the igniter via a wire insulated from the shaft of the pulse reflector and, if appropriate, further conductive intermediate pieces to the detonator, via the liquid to the shaft of the Pulse reflector and back to the ignition machine.
  • the device described below is advantageously used to carry out the method described above.
  • the pulse reflector used to carry out the method consists of a material of high strength and density, preferably of steel.
  • pulse reflectors made of steel are extremely effective in terms of their reflective effect and are also relatively inexpensive.
  • the pulse reflector can be placed as a block with a flat base on the blast hole (claim 20), but it can also be used a pulse reflector consisting of a substantially cylindrical part adapted to the blast hole cross section and a part with an at least as large, preferably more than there is ten times the cross section (claim 9). It is also expedient if there is a conical transition between the part with a smaller cross section and the part with a larger cross section (claim 18), which is preferably coated with a soft-elastic material (claim 19). It is particularly important that the pulse reflector completely covers the blast hole and is sufficiently heavy.
  • the pulse reflector In order to prevent, in particular, solid particles from flying away, the pulse reflector according to a further embodiment has a sleeve fastened to its side surfaces, for which purpose an elastic material is preferably selected.
  • an elastic material that is axially displaceable along the cylindrical part is advantageously used.
  • the pulse reflector which consists of a shaft and a part arranged above the blast hole, has a central bore with electrical insulation, within which the wire connected to the ignition machine is guided via an electrical ignition line.
  • the shaft of the pulse reflector preferably has at its free end located in the explosive hole a connecting electrode which is electrically insulated from the shaft and which can be electrically connected on the one hand to the wire and on the other hand detachably to the (exchangeable) detonator and the explosive charge.
  • the igniter is advantageously arranged in a non-conductive cartridge housing which can be connected to the connection electrode, so that the aforementioned electrical connection is created.
  • the device described has the advantage that the cartridge housing with detonator and the explosive charge can be easily clamped under the shaft or on the connecting electrode before they are lowered together with the shaft of the pulse reflector into the pre-drilled hole. With this clamping, the connection electrode creates an electrical contact, so that the circuit to the igniter and from there via the free end of a wire is closed by the conductive liquid to the shaft and back to the ignition machine.
  • a blast hole 2 is drilled, into which a charge 3 with an electrical detonator 4 is introduced, which is connected to an ignition machine 6 via the wire 5.
  • the pulse reflector shown consists of parts 7 and 8 '.
  • the cylindrical shaft 7 protrudes into the blast hole 2.
  • a plate-shaped cuff 9 made of rubber attached to the part 8 ' is intended to hold back water which is spraying out of the blast hole 2 and possibly splinters torn loose from the blast hole edge 10.
  • the pulse reflector consisting of parts 7 and 8 ' has a mass which is ten times as large as that of the + located in the blast hole also cylindrical
  • the diameter of the cylindrical part 7 is approximately 95% of the blast hole diameter.
  • the explosive effect is optimal when the shaft 7 lies closely against the blast hole wall.
  • the cylindrical shaft 7 fulfills two tasks. On the one hand, it fixes the pulse reflector on the surface of block 1, and on the other hand it limits the space for the expansion of the pressure wave in the water-filled pressure chamber 11.
  • the embodiment of the pulse reflector shown in FIG. 1 is particularly useful when the angle of inclination is horizontal Blast holes must be drilled, which are to be closed by means of a pulse reflector. From this point of view, the length L of the shaft 7 is chosen so that a secure attachment is ensured.
  • the choice of the size + and explosiveness of the charge 3 of the geometrical arrangement of the charge in the pressure chamber 11, of the type and structure of the material to be split and the desired pile and of the size of the recoil acting on the reflector from the charge.
  • the pulse reflector shown in FIG. 2 in contrast to the embodiment described above, consists of a uniform cylinder body 8.
  • an axially displaceable ring 16 made of an elastic material is used, which also functions as the sleeve 9 shown in FIG. 1 takes over. Due to the axial displaceability of the ring 16, the length L of the pulse reflector part inserted into the borehole can be varied as desired and can be defined separately for each blasting condition.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the transition 13 between part 7 and part 8 'is conical.
  • the conical design enables the impulse reflector to be clamped in block 1 and produces a sealing effect between the edge of the blast hole 10 and the transition 13.
  • the conical transition 13 is coated with a soft elastic material 14, with which the sealing effect can be reinforced.
  • the impulse reflector can also be equipped with a handle 17 (FIG. 1).
  • the shaft 7 of the pulse reflector extends to approximately 2/3 of the length L 'of the borehole 2.
  • the shaft 7 has a bore 35 through which the wire 34, which is separated from the shaft 7 by insulation 36, preferably extends made of steel connecting electrode 37 is guided.
  • the connecting electrode 37 which is designed as a plate in the present case, is fastened to the shaft 7 and electrically shielded from it by means of insulation 18.
  • a cartridge housing 20 which can be plugged or clamped onto the connecting electrode receives the charge 3 and the electrical igniter 4 on the one hand and on the other hand has a cylindrical part 23 with which the cartridge is connected to the shaft end, for example via a clamping device 25 between the cartridge housing 20 and Connection plate 37.
  • the cylindrical part 23 extends beyond the insulation 18 in order to avoid a short circuit across the liquid 11 and to protect the insulation 18 from the first heat radiation during the detonation.
  • the igniter 4 is supported in the cup-shaped charge 3, which in turn has a boundary 26 in the cartridge housing 20, while the igniter 4 is supported on the boundary 27.
  • the cartridge housing 20 has a slot 28 so that the cartridge housing 20 made of plastic can expand when the charge 3 is introduced.
  • a connecting wire 29 of the igniter 4 is guided through a bore 30 in the cartridge housing 20 and angled bare on the bottom 31 thereof.
  • the angled bare wire 32 is pressed against the connecting plate 37 via the clamp connection 25, so that an electrical contact is made with the wire 34.
  • the free end of the second bare connecting wire 33 of the igniter 4 is in the Cavity 24 of the cartridge housing 20 out.
  • the recess 22 in the cartridge housing 20 is made so narrow that the wire 33 is pressed against the metallic housing 21 by the igniter 4.
  • the electrical connection of the wire 33 to the shaft 7 is made via the liquid 11, for example by adding table salt with improved conductivity.
  • the wire 34 and the shaft 7 represent the two poles which are connected to the ignition cable 5 and the ignition machine 6 via a plug connection 19.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
EP19830111283 1982-11-13 1983-11-11 Procédé pour casser du matériau compact dur et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre Expired EP0109067B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83111283T ATE29051T1 (de) 1982-11-13 1983-11-11 Verfahren zum brechen von hartem kompaktem material und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3242103 1982-11-13
DE3242103 1982-11-13
DE19833328550 DE3328550A1 (de) 1982-11-13 1983-08-08 Verfahren zum brechen von hartem kompaktem material und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3328550 1983-08-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0109067A1 true EP0109067A1 (fr) 1984-05-23
EP0109067B1 EP0109067B1 (fr) 1987-08-19

Family

ID=25805759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830111283 Expired EP0109067B1 (fr) 1982-11-13 1983-11-11 Procédé pour casser du matériau compact dur et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0109067B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3328550A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1144943A1 (fr) * 1998-12-14 2001-10-17 Rocktek Ltd. Procede et appareil de chargement d'un trou de forage
US6679175B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2004-01-20 Rocktek Limited Cartridge and method for small charge breaking
WO2018170556A1 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Procédé et système de dynamitage
CN113310374A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-27 中国化学工程重型机械化有限公司 一种液态二氧化碳致裂管微差延时控制爆破方法
CN115012815A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-09-06 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 立井爆破预裂注浆方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4829900A (en) * 1986-09-15 1989-05-16 Boutade Worldwide Investments Nv Mat for use with rock breaking tool
SE505665C2 (sv) * 1991-06-12 1997-09-29 Berema Atlas Copco Ab Sätt och anordning för att driva in rör i mark samt patron använd härför och för påföljande rörsprängning
AUPQ591000A0 (en) 2000-02-29 2000-03-23 Rockmin Pty Ltd Cartridge shell and cartridge for blast holes and method of use
DE102016125497B4 (de) * 2016-12-22 2021-03-18 Kuno Moser Sprengsystem
CN109341452B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2023-10-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 深孔爆破装药空气间隔装置
CN110017741B (zh) * 2019-03-26 2020-05-26 武汉大学 不整合岩石界面基础的无损爆破开挖方法
CN114739245B (zh) * 2022-04-19 2023-06-02 辽宁科技大学 一种高寒地区防炮孔涌水冻结装置及使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE555882A (fr) *
GB191220445A (en) * 1911-09-08 1913-04-17 Johann Lamour Improved Device for use in Blasting Coal, Rock or the like.
DE555924C (de) * 1930-12-20 1932-08-01 Fritz Dunkel Schussdeckel zum Abdecken der Bohrloecher beim Sprengen
US2034568A (en) * 1933-08-25 1936-03-17 Ferrell Dent Blasting process
US2507230A (en) * 1944-01-21 1950-05-09 Stinnett William Ross Weight controlled seismographic combustion deflection
DE1278908B (de) * 1963-07-18 1968-09-26 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Verfahren zur die Sprengwirkung wesentlich unterstuetzenden Verdaemmung von Bohrloechern

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE555882A (fr) *
GB191220445A (en) * 1911-09-08 1913-04-17 Johann Lamour Improved Device for use in Blasting Coal, Rock or the like.
DE555924C (de) * 1930-12-20 1932-08-01 Fritz Dunkel Schussdeckel zum Abdecken der Bohrloecher beim Sprengen
US2034568A (en) * 1933-08-25 1936-03-17 Ferrell Dent Blasting process
US2507230A (en) * 1944-01-21 1950-05-09 Stinnett William Ross Weight controlled seismographic combustion deflection
DE1278908B (de) * 1963-07-18 1968-09-26 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Verfahren zur die Sprengwirkung wesentlich unterstuetzenden Verdaemmung von Bohrloechern

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1144943A1 (fr) * 1998-12-14 2001-10-17 Rocktek Ltd. Procede et appareil de chargement d'un trou de forage
EP1144943A4 (fr) * 1998-12-14 2002-05-22 Rocktek Ltd Procede et appareil de chargement d'un trou de forage
US6679175B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2004-01-20 Rocktek Limited Cartridge and method for small charge breaking
WO2018170556A1 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Procédé et système de dynamitage
EP3601942A4 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2020-12-23 PWS Systems PTY Ltd Procédé et système de dynamitage
US11060832B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2021-07-13 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Blasting method and system
AU2018238199B2 (en) * 2017-03-23 2023-06-29 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Blasting method and system
CN113310374A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-27 中国化学工程重型机械化有限公司 一种液态二氧化碳致裂管微差延时控制爆破方法
CN113310374B (zh) * 2021-04-29 2022-02-08 中国化学工程重型机械化有限公司 一种液态二氧化碳致裂管微差延时控制爆破方法
CN115012815A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-09-06 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 立井爆破预裂注浆方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0109067B1 (fr) 1987-08-19
DE3328550A1 (de) 1984-05-17

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