EP0107680A1 - Kunststoffschraubkappe mit sicherheitsring. - Google Patents
Kunststoffschraubkappe mit sicherheitsring.Info
- Publication number
- EP0107680A1 EP0107680A1 EP83901205A EP83901205A EP0107680A1 EP 0107680 A1 EP0107680 A1 EP 0107680A1 EP 83901205 A EP83901205 A EP 83901205A EP 83901205 A EP83901205 A EP 83901205A EP 0107680 A1 EP0107680 A1 EP 0107680A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- skirt
- capsule
- tamper
- neck
- sealing means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
- B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
- B65D41/0407—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means
- B65D41/0428—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means formed by a collar, flange, rib or the like contacting the top rim or the top edges or the external surface of a container neck
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
- B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
- B65D41/0407—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means
- B65D41/0414—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means formed by a plug, collar, flange, rib or the like contacting the internal surface of a container neck
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
- B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
- B65D41/3423—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with flexible tabs, or elements rotated from a non-engaging to an engaging position, formed on the tamper element or in the closure skirt
- B65D41/3428—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with flexible tabs, or elements rotated from a non-engaging to an engaging position, formed on the tamper element or in the closure skirt the tamper element being integrally connected to the closure by means of bridges
Definitions
- the invention relates to a screw closure cap, made of plastic, with an improved tamper-evident band. It relates to the technical field of packaging elements.
- Numerous screw closure devices comprising a security means intended to control access to the content of the container closed by such devices, and to avoid, in particular, fraudulent operations on this content.
- these corking devices which are mounted on bottles whose rings are of the type standardized almost universally and known under the name of "Pilferproof" comprise a screw cap, possibly provided with a seal. , and an annular security strip separably connected to the lower part of the capsule skirt. Any attempt to unscrew the capsule must cause the safety strip to separate.
- these tamper-evident capsules were made of metal, in particular aluminum and, after screwing on the capsule, the security band was crimped onto the neck by a simple mechanical device.
- thermoplastic polymers which no longer lend themselves to simple crimping because of their natural elasticity.
- the present invention constitutes another solution to this problem, a solution which ensures both easy installation of the capsule and a frank and safe separation of the tamper-evident band during the first unscrewing.
- Figures 1 to 4 show in section ( Figures 1 and 2) or in partially cut view ( Figures 3 and 4) the capsule, object of the invention.
- FIG. 3 also represents a first means of sealing the capsule of the invention.
- Figures 5 and 6 show in axial half-section a second sealing means.
- FIG. 7 shows in axial half-section a third means of sealing.
- the screw closure cap of the invention comprises (FIG. 1) a head (1) and a skirt (2) provided with an internal thread (3) which cooperates with the thread of the container to be capped.
- the tamper-evident band (4) is attached to the lower part of the skirt (2) by a plurality of bridges (5) which constitute the breaking points during subsequent unscrewing.
- the tamper-evident band (4) comprises a continuous annular upper part (4A) and a lower part constituted by a plurality of tabs such as (6) connected to the upper part (4A) by a part thinned (7) which constitutes a kind of articulation.
- the tongues (6) further include a heel (8) and a thinned extension (9).
- the tongues (6) are molded in the position of Figure 1, that is to say turned upwards. During the demolding, they turn over and come in vertical position according to figure 2. Once the demolding is finished, their own elasticity brings them back to the position of figure 1, after pivoting around the thinned area (7) which acts as a hinge . They thus form an acute angle with the annular part (4) and are turned towards the inside of the capsule.
- This plastic screw cap closure with improved tamper-evident band comprises, with this tamper-evident device, sealing means which, separately or in combination, constitute advantageous improvements of the capsule.
- a first sealing means is an inner cover (13) in the form of an inclined peripheral lip (FIG. 3), the outer surface of which is applied to the inside of the rounded end of the neck of the bottle during plugging by screwing the capsule.
- a second sealing means (FIGS. 5 and 6) is particularly effective, it provides sealing inside the neck a little lower than its orifice thanks to a cover (14) connected to the head (1), this cover (14) being formed of a central chimney in the form of a skirt (15) flanked by a peripheral lateral lip (16).
- the outside diameter of the body of the central chimney in the form of a skirt (15) is slightly smaller than the minimum diameter provided for the outside (17) of the neck, the terms minimum and maximum being understood as the generally accepted limits.
- the outer diameter of the peripheral lateral lip (16) is a little larger than the maximum diameter provided for the interior (17), so that the end of this lip (16) first comes up against the end top of the neck when the capsule is screwed on.
- the chimney (15) has an external diameter of 16, 3 mm and its peripheral lip (16) has an external diameter of 19.5 mm.
- the internal pressure tends to apply more the lower end (18) of the chimney against the internal wall of the neck, and the end of the lateral lip device (16) continues to make a second seal, its application against the wall being due to its tilting and its elasticity.
- the lip (16) is preferably directed downwards (FIG. 5), so as to accentuate this effect of tilting and of elastic support.
- a third sealing means performs the sealing on the zone of the external surface of the neck between the rounded end of this neck and the start of the threading.
- a peripheral lip (19) connected to the skirt (2) of the capsule above its thread extends inwards so that it comes to bear fairly strongly on the external wall of the neck, in the area between the rounded end and the thread, area with fairly close diameter tolerances when the cap is screwed on.
- the end of the lip (19) comes to bear against the external wall of the neck and turns upwards by applying elastically.
- the peripheral lip (19) at rest is preferably oriented downwards so as to increase this elastic effect or spring effect.
- the screw closure cap of the invention provided with sealing means and in particular with any one of the three means specified above or with any combination of these means. is easy to produce by molding a thermoplastic polymer such as polypropylene. Its tamper-evident device offers total security and adapts perfectly to all automatic bottling and capping chains. The capsule of the invention adapts to the containers without harming their aesthetics.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8207467 | 1982-04-23 | ||
FR8207467A FR2525565B1 (fr) | 1982-04-23 | 1982-04-23 | Capsule de bouchage a vis, en plastique, a bande d'inviolabilite perfectionnee |
FR8304093 | 1983-03-07 | ||
FR8304093A FR2542285B2 (fr) | 1983-03-07 | 1983-03-07 | Capsule de vissage, a vis etanche, en plastique, a bande d'inviolabilite perfectionnee |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0107680A1 true EP0107680A1 (de) | 1984-05-09 |
EP0107680B1 EP0107680B1 (de) | 1986-01-29 |
Family
ID=26222882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83901205A Expired EP0107680B1 (de) | 1982-04-23 | 1983-04-19 | Kunststoffschraubkappe mit sicherheitsring |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4546892A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0107680B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS59500667A (de) |
AU (1) | AU552974B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE3361973D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES281830Y (de) |
IT (1) | IT1161145B (de) |
SU (1) | SU1223835A3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1983003809A1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5096079A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-03-17 | Astra Plastique | Screw-on stopper cap, having a tamper-proof band |
WO2000063089A1 (fr) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-26 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage composite |
FR2792617A1 (fr) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-27 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage composite |
FR2803827A1 (fr) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-20 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage pour bague de verrerie standard |
EP2522591A1 (de) | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-14 | Amcor Flexibles Capsules France | Schraubkappe |
EP2527266A1 (de) | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-28 | Amcor Flexibles Capsules France | Mehrteilige Kapsel mit Dichtscheibe |
Families Citing this family (52)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0235870B2 (de) * | 1983-02-18 | 1994-11-30 | Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation | Garantiesicherungsverschluss |
US4506795A (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1985-03-26 | Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation | Tamper-evident closure |
US4550844A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1985-11-05 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Tamper resistant closure with tear-off band |
US4613052A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-09-23 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Tamper-indicating closure, container and combination thereof |
DE3685054D1 (de) * | 1985-05-24 | 1992-06-04 | Sanner Friedr Gmbh Co Kg | Behaelterverschluss. |
US4598833A (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1986-07-08 | Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation | Tamper-evident child-resistant closure |
ATE82730T1 (de) * | 1986-06-09 | 1992-12-15 | Norbert Barein | Garantieverschluss. |
US4723677A (en) * | 1986-07-21 | 1988-02-09 | Nagel Jr James H | Container cap with connector tabs |
US4801030A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1989-01-31 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Tamper-indicating closure and package |
US4801031A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1989-01-31 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Tamper-indicating closures and packages |
US4796770A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-01-10 | Continental White Cap, Inc. | Molded plastic closure with split skirt tamperband |
US4881656A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1989-11-21 | Sandusky Plastics, Inc. | Tamper evident container lid and method of making the same |
US4884706A (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1989-12-05 | Sunbeam Plastics Corporation | Tamper indicating container and closure |
US5054268A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-10-08 | Anchor Hocking Packaging Company | Press on, screw tight means for applying a closure |
US5058755A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-10-22 | Anchor Hocking Packaging Company | Tamper indicating closure having retaining hoop with relief windows |
US4978016A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1990-12-18 | Anchor Hocking Corporation | Tamper indicating closure having retaining hoop with relief windows |
US4981230A (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1991-01-01 | Continental White Cap, Inc. | Composite cap including tamper indicating band |
US5143235A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1992-09-01 | Cap Snap Co. | Bottle neck having means to prevent compression of cap skirt |
DE4201997C1 (de) * | 1992-01-25 | 1992-12-10 | Stella Kunststofftechnik Gmbh, 6228 Eltville, De | |
DE4214151C2 (de) * | 1992-04-29 | 1995-11-09 | Alcoa Gmbh Verpackwerke | Behälterverschluß |
US5400913A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1995-03-28 | Crown Cork & Seal Company | Tamper-indicating closure |
ES2088806T3 (es) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-09-16 | Nestle Sa | Cierre para recipiente con aro de seguridad. |
JP3256344B2 (ja) | 1993-07-21 | 2002-02-12 | 日本山村硝子株式会社 | ピルファープルーフキャップ |
US5609262A (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-03-11 | Rieke Corporation | Tamper evident, child-resistant closure |
US5735419A (en) * | 1996-02-16 | 1998-04-07 | Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc. | Resealable plastic snap-fit closure with anti-tamper function |
US6066400A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 2000-05-23 | Xerox Corporation | Polyimide biasable components |
US6397034B1 (en) | 1997-08-29 | 2002-05-28 | Xerox Corporation | Fluorinated carbon filled polyimide intermediate transfer components |
US6085921A (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2000-07-11 | Crown Cork & Seal Technologies Corporation | Tamper evident band with undercut |
US7344039B2 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2008-03-18 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Tamper indicating band having foldable tabs including tab extensions, tamper indicating closure including such tamper indicating band, and tamper indicating closure including such tamper indicating band and container |
US6371317B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2002-04-16 | Kerr Group, Inc. | Tamper indicating closure with foldable tab |
US6253939B1 (en) | 1999-01-04 | 2001-07-03 | Crown Cork & Seal Technologies Corporation | Tamper-evident closure having improved drainage |
US6381928B1 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2002-05-07 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Tamper-indicating closure and container package |
US6491175B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2002-12-10 | Saad Taha | Single piece closure for a pressurized container |
US6702133B1 (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2004-03-09 | Crown Cork & Seal Technologies Corporation | Plastic retorable container system having a closure with an improved conformable liner |
US6877624B2 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2005-04-12 | Erie County Plastics | Method of injection molding closure with continuous internal rigid rib, closure made thereby having a lead-in structure and mold for forming same |
WO2005012129A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-10 | Liqui-Box Canada Inc. | Tamper evident fitment assembly |
ITMO20030232A1 (it) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-08 | Sacmi | Mezzi a capsula |
ATE416992T1 (de) * | 2004-09-01 | 2008-12-15 | Creanova Universal Closures | Verschluss |
US8302794B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2012-11-06 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Tamper-evident closure with directional molded retention tabs |
EP1953091A1 (de) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-06 | Obrist Closures Switzerland GmbH | Originalitätsverschlusskappe, Behälter und Kombination daraus |
DE102007041365B4 (de) * | 2007-08-30 | 2014-07-17 | Bericap Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schraubverschluß mit Garantieband |
US8763830B2 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2014-07-01 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Tamper-evident closure having tamper-indicating pilfer band with projections and package including the tamper-evident closure |
USD747201S1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-01-12 | Bericap | Closure |
FR3015442B1 (fr) | 2013-12-24 | 2016-02-05 | Bericap | Dispositif de bouchage articule avec indicateur de premiere ouverture |
USD833278S1 (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2018-11-13 | Bericap | Closure for a container |
IT201600080146A1 (it) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-01-29 | Guala Pack Spa | Chiusura con sigillo di garanzia |
US11401078B2 (en) | 2018-11-04 | 2022-08-02 | Novembal Usa Inc. | Tethered plastic screw stopper |
EP3877280A4 (de) * | 2018-11-04 | 2022-09-21 | NOVEMBAL USA Inc. | Angebundener schraubstopfen aus kunststoff |
US20220097935A1 (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-03-31 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Package and closure with tamper-evident band |
RU2765085C1 (ru) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-01-25 | Даниэль ЭРНАНДЕС | Устройство для укупоривания ёмкости с венчиком |
USD996968S1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
USD996967S1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1092793B (de) * | 1957-05-11 | 1960-11-10 | Metallwerke Adolf Hopf K G | Kappenverschluss |
US3072277A (en) * | 1959-12-08 | 1963-01-08 | Hopf A Metallwerke Kg | Bottle stoppers |
AU516094B2 (en) * | 1977-12-14 | 1981-05-14 | Metal Closures Group Limited | Closures for containers |
GB2033350B (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1983-05-05 | Ug Closures & Plastics Ltd | Tamperproof closure |
US4322012A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-03-30 | Dairy Cap Corporation | Threaded plastic bottle cap |
DE3038453A1 (de) * | 1980-10-11 | 1982-05-27 | Stella KG Werner Deussen, 6228 Eltville | Schraubverschluss mit originalitaetssicherung |
-
1983
- 1983-04-19 JP JP58501330A patent/JPS59500667A/ja active Granted
- 1983-04-19 WO PCT/FR1983/000072 patent/WO1983003809A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1983-04-19 US US06/567,867 patent/US4546892A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-04-19 EP EP83901205A patent/EP0107680B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-04-19 DE DE8383901205T patent/DE3361973D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-04-19 AU AU14727/83A patent/AU552974B2/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-20 IT IT20697/83A patent/IT1161145B/it active
- 1983-04-22 ES ES1983281830U patent/ES281830Y/es not_active Expired
- 1983-12-22 SU SU833682451A patent/SU1223835A3/ru active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8303809A1 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5096079A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-03-17 | Astra Plastique | Screw-on stopper cap, having a tamper-proof band |
WO2000063089A1 (fr) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-26 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage composite |
FR2792617A1 (fr) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-27 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage composite |
FR2793216A1 (fr) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-10 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage composite |
FR2803827A1 (fr) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-20 | Pechiney Emballage Alimentaire | Capsule de bouchage pour bague de verrerie standard |
EP2522591A1 (de) | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-14 | Amcor Flexibles Capsules France | Schraubkappe |
WO2012152404A1 (fr) | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-15 | Amcor Flexibles Capsules France | Capsule de bouchage a vis |
EP2527266A1 (de) | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-28 | Amcor Flexibles Capsules France | Mehrteilige Kapsel mit Dichtscheibe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1472783A (en) | 1983-11-21 |
IT1161145B (it) | 1987-03-11 |
DE3361973D1 (en) | 1986-03-13 |
AU552974B2 (en) | 1986-06-26 |
JPS59500667A (ja) | 1984-04-19 |
EP0107680B1 (de) | 1986-01-29 |
IT8320697A0 (it) | 1983-04-20 |
ES281830Y (es) | 1986-05-16 |
ES281830U (es) | 1985-04-01 |
WO1983003809A1 (fr) | 1983-11-10 |
SU1223835A3 (ru) | 1986-04-07 |
JPH0210023B2 (de) | 1990-03-06 |
US4546892A (en) | 1985-10-15 |
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