EP0091623B1 - Détecteur d'incendie à ionisation - Google Patents

Détecteur d'incendie à ionisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0091623B1
EP0091623B1 EP83103225A EP83103225A EP0091623B1 EP 0091623 B1 EP0091623 B1 EP 0091623B1 EP 83103225 A EP83103225 A EP 83103225A EP 83103225 A EP83103225 A EP 83103225A EP 0091623 B1 EP0091623 B1 EP 0091623B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
ionization
regions
electrodes
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83103225A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0091623A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Dr. Scheidweiler
Bernhard Durrer
Jürg Muggli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Priority to AT83103225T priority Critical patent/ATE17409T1/de
Publication of EP0091623A1 publication Critical patent/EP0091623A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0091623B1 publication Critical patent/EP0091623B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an ionization fire detector of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Ionization fire detectors of the type specified above are known, for example from CH-PS No. 506148 or DE-AS No. 2130889. With these ionization fire detectors, the ionization chamber (measuring chamber) which is accessible in the outside atmosphere is ionized by a radioactive preparation and, on the basis of an ion current flows between the electrodes at the two electrodes of the ionization chamber. If smoke, fire aerosols or other particles enter the ionization chamber through the chamber openings, the electrical current changes. The electrical circuit evaluates this change in current in such a way that an alarm signal is sent to a control center via the lines when the conductivity in the ionization chamber is reduced.
  • the ionization chamber is in series with a resistance element, e.g. B. an almost complete or insensitive to fire aerosols second reference ionization chamber, and the potential difference between the two chambers is determined using a high-resistance amplifier element, for. B. a field effect transistor.
  • a resistance element e.g. B. an almost complete or insensitive to fire aerosols second reference ionization chamber
  • Another possibility is to periodically scan the charge on the electrodes of the ionization chamber.
  • ionization fire detectors are very sensitive to contaminants which reduce the electrical resistance of the insulating part (insulation gap) between the electrodes of the measuring chamber. In the same way as fire aerosols, particles from the area surrounding the detector, e.g. B. dust, transported into the measuring chamber and deposited there, whereby the electrical resistance of the insulation path decreases. This makes frequent maintenance of fire alarm systems and cleaning of the ionization fire alarm necessary.
  • plastics are subject to natural aging, which can be accelerated by the action of atmospheric oxygen (partly also ozone) or aggressive ingredients in the surrounding air and in the cleaning agents used in the detector revision.
  • atmospheric oxygen partly also ozone
  • Such corrosive substances are present in extremely low concentrations in normal ambient air, but can take on considerable values in a special environment.
  • the duration of exposure should not be neglected, nor the fact that the air is ionized by the radioactive source in the detector, which means that ozone and other substances attacking the detector material are formed inside the detector. Since the atmosphere can penetrate between the labyrinth and the insulation section, the problem of aging of the insulation section remains.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an ionization fire detector of the type mentioned at the outset which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above and in which in particular the insulation value of the insulating part between the electrodes is retained over a longer period of time.
  • the insulating part has three areas consisting of different insulating materials. It is particularly preferred to produce the first region, for example from a polycarbonate, the second part, for example, from an epoxy resin and the third region, for example from a polyester.
  • the detector shown in Fig. 1 consists of a metallic hood 1, which has openings 2 and 3 for the entry of the surrounding air.
  • a labyrinth 4 made of highly insulating plastic is arranged inside the hood 1, and a number of it is arranged in a ring shape inside Neter webs 5 for extending the creepage distances.
  • the stamp-shaped central electrode 6 is located in the middle of the labyrinth 4.
  • the outer electrode is formed by the metallic hood 1.
  • the two electrodes are connected to an insulating part 7 by connecting means (not shown), some of which are detachable.
  • the insulating part 7 and the labyrinth 4 are made of the same plastic, preferably polycarbonate, for. B. Makrolon ".
  • the ionization fire detector also consists of a metallic hood 1, which has openings 3 for the entry of the surrounding air.
  • Thermoplastic polyesters ie polycondensation products of carbonic acid with diols, are suitable as the material for the first region 8. These polycarbonates are resistant to water, neutral salt solutions, mineral acids, for example also to hydrofluoric acid, aqueous solutions of oxidizing agents, hydrocarbons, oils, fats, etc. In particular, this area of the insulation section is made from Makrolon @ .
  • the second area 9 is preferably made of a thermoset made of epoxies with polyols.
  • the electronic components of the ionization fire detector can be embedded in this potting compound made of epoxy resin.
  • the epoxy resins are resistant to atmospheric influences, water, acids, alkalis, oil, petrol, benzene, etc.
  • the third region 10 is preferably produced from a polycondensation product of polyhydric alcohols (diols, polyols) with polybasic carboxylic acids. These polyesters are resistant to all organic solvents, but are less resistant to water and alkalis as well as to acids above 70 ° C.
  • one or more of the different areas 8, 9, 10 can be equipped with ring-shaped elevations for extending the creepage distance without the process for producing the insulating part becoming significantly more complicated.
  • a major advantage of the ionization fire detector according to the invention is that the insulating ability of the insulating part 7 is maintained over substantially longer periods of time than in the known ionization fire detectors. If the surface resistance of one of the plastics forming the insulating part 7 is reduced due to the action of aggressive ingredients from the atmosphere or due to the slightest damage caused by the cleaning or drying agents, the insulation ability remains due to the different chemical composition of the individual areas received at least one of the other areas. When developing the technological procedural instructions for cleaning plastic parts, the chemical nature of the plastic parts is largely taken into account. However, since the composition of the dust deposited on the insulation section is not known, it is often necessary to use very active cleaning agents, e.g. B. Solutions from RBS.
  • the detector parts In order to enable rational detector revision, the detector parts must be dried after cleaning, using water displacement agents such as isopropyl alcohol or freon. The maintenance of the surface quality of the plastic parts can therefore not be guaranteed in the long run. However, if the individual areas of the insulating part 7 are made of plastics of different chemical resistance, the risk that the insulating ability of the entire insulating part 7 will drop below an acceptable limit is considerably lower than with the known ionization fire detectors.

Claims (3)

1. Détecteur de fumée à ionisation comportant une chambre d'ionisation contenant une préparation radio-active et comportant deux électrodes (1, 6) séparées par une partie isolante (7), et accessible pour l'atmosphère extérieure et dans laquelle une électrode (6) est réalisée sous la forme d'une électrode centrale tandis que l'autre électrode (1 ) est constituée par un capot (1 ) comportant des ouvertures (3) servant à laisser pénétrer l'air environnant et qui forme la limite de la chambre d'ionisation (11), accessible pour l'atmosphère extérieure, vis-à-vis de cette atmosphère, ainsi qu'un circuit électrique servant à délivrer un signal et une alarme, caractérisé par le fait que la partie isolante (7) comporte au moins deux zones (8, 9, 10) constituées par des matériaux isolants différents et qui sont disposées pratiquement concentriquement entre les électrodes (1, 6) de telle sorte que la voie de fuite entre ces électrodes s'étend sur l'ensemble de ces zones (8, 9,10).
2. Détecteur à ionisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie isolante (7) comporte trois zones (8, 9, 10) constituées en des matériaux isolants différents.
3. Détecteur à ionisation suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'une première zone (8) est constituée par un polycarbonate, une seconde zone (9) est constituée par une résine époxy et une troisième zone (10) est constituée par un polyester.
EP83103225A 1982-04-08 1983-03-31 Détecteur d'incendie à ionisation Expired EP0091623B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83103225T ATE17409T1 (de) 1982-04-08 1983-03-31 Ionisationsfeuermelder.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH218482 1982-04-08
CH2184/82 1982-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0091623A1 EP0091623A1 (fr) 1983-10-19
EP0091623B1 true EP0091623B1 (fr) 1986-01-08

Family

ID=4227850

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83103225A Expired EP0091623B1 (fr) 1982-04-08 1983-03-31 Détecteur d'incendie à ionisation

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4582996A (fr)
EP (1) EP0091623B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58186896A (fr)
AT (1) ATE17409T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU554415B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8301799A (fr)
CA (1) CA1217284A (fr)
DE (1) DE3361760D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8404079A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO831246L (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6044194U (ja) * 1983-09-05 1985-03-28 能美防災工業株式会社 イオン化式煙感知器の耐熱ケ−ス
DE4028167A1 (de) * 1990-09-05 1992-03-12 Esser Sicherheitstechnik Ionisationsbrandmelder
US5485144A (en) * 1993-05-07 1996-01-16 Pittway Corporation Compensated ionization sensor

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH506148A (fr) * 1969-02-28 1971-04-15 Mefina Sa Dispositif détecteur de fumée
BE731052A (fr) * 1969-04-04 1969-10-06 Acec Procédés de fabrication de produits stratifiés isolants
ZA704724B (en) * 1969-07-22 1971-03-31 Nittan Co Ltd Ionization smoke detector
CH508251A (de) * 1970-07-23 1971-05-31 Cerberus Ag Ionisationsfeuermelder
DE2143365B2 (de) * 1971-08-30 1977-09-08 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Anordnung zum isolieren von elektroden
JPS5823705B2 (ja) * 1977-08-24 1983-05-17 株式会社東芝 放射線検出器
JPS57135977A (en) * 1981-02-16 1982-08-21 Canon Kk Photoelectrical indicator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4582996A (en) 1986-04-15
BR8301799A (pt) 1983-12-20
ES521785A0 (es) 1984-04-01
AU554415B2 (en) 1986-08-21
ATE17409T1 (de) 1986-01-15
CA1217284A (fr) 1987-01-27
DE3361760D1 (en) 1986-02-20
JPS58186896A (ja) 1983-10-31
ES8404079A1 (es) 1984-04-01
AU1295883A (en) 1983-10-13
EP0091623A1 (fr) 1983-10-19
NO831246L (no) 1983-10-10

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