EP0086337B1 - Procédé et dispositif de réglage pour la régulation d'excès d'air dans les chauffages - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de réglage pour la régulation d'excès d'air dans les chauffages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086337B1
EP0086337B1 EP83100320A EP83100320A EP0086337B1 EP 0086337 B1 EP0086337 B1 EP 0086337B1 EP 83100320 A EP83100320 A EP 83100320A EP 83100320 A EP83100320 A EP 83100320A EP 0086337 B1 EP0086337 B1 EP 0086337B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
input
control device
load
excess air
controller
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP83100320A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0086337A1 (fr
Inventor
Paul Prof. Dr. Ing. Profos
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PROGRAMMELECTRONIC ENGINEERING AG
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PROGRAMMELECTRONIC ENGINEERING AG
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Application filed by PROGRAMMELECTRONIC ENGINEERING AG filed Critical PROGRAMMELECTRONIC ENGINEERING AG
Priority to AT83100320T priority Critical patent/ATE26166T1/de
Publication of EP0086337A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086337A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for regulating the excess air in a furnace, in which, based on the measurement of the excess air in the flue gas after a target / actual value comparison of the excess air in a control device, a corrective intervention on the air flow and / or fuel flow takes place, depending on the proportional gain of the control device is varied by the load level, and at least some of the time parameters of the control device are automatically adapted to the load level of the furnace, the excess air setpoint supplied to a controller of the control device being changed as a function of the load level, and a control device for executing the Method with a first input for a load-dependent signal, a second input for an air excess-dependent signal, a controller, the first input being operatively connected to a differential unit via a function generator and the second input n are and at least one circuit is provided for adapting at least some of the time constants of the control device to the degree of load, which circuit has an adaptation input which is acted upon as a function of the signal at the first input
  • Compound controls of furnaces are known, primary air or fuel controls, in which the fuel flow and the air flow as a function of the load level ⁇ specified by the operator or a fire power controller, defined as the amount of fuel burned per unit time, based on the maximum combustible fuel amount per unit time two interlinked control devices, one in the fuel and one in the air supply, can be adjusted.
  • Other primary controls for air and fuel are also known, e.g. B.
  • Compound regulations in which the amount of air and the fuel are regulated to a value corresponding to the degree of loading ⁇ or ratio arrangements in which the degree of loading ⁇ is checked and regulated for a constant fuel-air ratio.
  • the present invention now aims to improve a method of the type mentioned in terms of its effect.
  • a control device for executing the above-mentioned method is distinguished by the wording of claim 6.
  • the proposed method and the proposed control device for executing the method take into account the difficult properties of the controlled system and the high demands that must be placed on the control quality for economic, ecological and safety reasons. They can be used above all on burner furnaces for solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, as well as on mixed burner furnaces, but also on grate furnaces.
  • FIG. 1 shows a furnace 1 with a fuel supply line 2 and an air supply line 3.
  • the furnace shown is controlled by a common control system 4 of the usual type.
  • the representation of the invention in connection with a combustion plant with compound control is not intended to imply any restriction on the usability of the method according to the invention and the control device for this. Rather, the invention can be connected to all variants of primary controls and / or controls, by means of which the air supply and / or fuel supply for the firing system is intervened as a function of the load degree ⁇ .
  • the compound controller 4 acts via actuators 5 and. 6 corresponding to the fuel supply in line 2 respectively.
  • the air supply in line 3. 7 shows an adjusting element, by means of which the load level ⁇ for the furnace can be set.
  • the units on the furnace described so far correspond to the conventional equipment of a furnace.
  • the control device now relates to the rest of the device shown in the block diagram according to FIG. 1, with a dashed border.
  • a measuring element 8 is arranged at a suitable point in the flue gas duct la and continuously measures the excess air. This is preferably done by measuring the residual oxygen content in the flue gas.
  • the measuring element 8 emits a control signal x which is significant for the excess air.
  • the signal at the output of the adjusting unit 7 corresponding to the set degree of load ß, for the sake of simplicity also designated ß, is fed to an input E ß of the control device.
  • the signal ⁇ is fed therein to a first function generator 9, at the output of which the signal w appears as a reference variable of the control device.
  • This signal w is fed as a signal w 'to a controller 11 via a reference variable signal filter 10 with the transfer function G (p), together with the controlled variable x.
  • This in turn acts on a motor controller 12, which forms the corresponding signals S for forward or backward running of a correction servomotor 13.
  • the signal S r fed back from the servomotor 13 to the motor controller 12 ensures a proportional association between changes in the manipulated variable y and those of the motor stroke H on the output side of the servomotor 13.
  • the stroke H as a mechanical signal, is superimposed on a mechanical superposition unit 14 of known type 14 over the actuating stroke h output by the composite controller 4.
  • the controller 11 respectively. its transfer function are by a gain K R and by a or several time constants T R are determined.
  • the controller 11 has adaptation inputs, also referred to below as control inputs E K , E T , for controlling these time constants.
  • the load level signal ⁇ is transmitted via one or more function generators 15a, b to the control inputs E K , E T provided as signals A K, respectively. AT supplied.
  • the transfer function G (p) of the guide signal filter 10 is determined by one or more filter time constants T F.
  • the filter now has one or more adaptation or control inputs E TF , at which the characteristic time constants T F can be adjusted.
  • the load level signal ⁇ is passed through one or more function generators 16, the output signals A Tl -A Tx of which are connected to the control inputs E TF provided on the filter 10.
  • the load level signal ⁇ is connected to a function generator 17, the output signal A 17 of which acts directly on the motor control 12, whereby load-dependent precontrol of the function of the correction servomotor 13 in the sense of a feedforward control is achieved.
  • the function generators 9, 15, 16, 17 can preferably be adjusted with regard to their function course, as shown with the correspondingly indicated intervention signals P.
  • FIG. 2 A preferred form of implementation of the control device described is shown in FIG. 2.
  • An oxygen measuring probe 21 placed in the flue gas stream generates an electrical potential difference corresponding to the 0 2 content, which is evaluated in a function generator 22 by delogarithming and amplified in an amplifier 23 to the electrical signal of the controlled variable x.
  • This signal acts on one input of a differential amplifier 24, on the other input of which the command variable w 'acts.
  • the command variable signal w ' is generated as a function of the load degree ⁇ by the function generator 25 and passed through an electronic filter 26, preferably with a low-pass characteristic, as the step response shown shows.
  • the control deviation signal ⁇ x is fed to a controller 28, in which it is multiplied in an electronic multiplier 29 by a signal A K derived from the load level signal ⁇ by means of a function generator 30.
  • the multiplication unit 29 achieves the load-dependent adaptation of the controller gain K R by modulating the control deviation signal ⁇ x with the signal A K generated by the function generator 30.
  • the output of the multiplier 29 is the one hand, fed directly to a summing amplifier 31, on the other hand to a further multiplying unit 32, in which it is multiplied by a, depending on the load signal ⁇ in a function generator 33 generated signal T A.
  • the output signal of the multiplication unit 32 is fed to an integration unit 34 and its output signal in turn is fed to the summing amplifier 31.
  • the controller 28 shown here as a PI controller is modulated depending on the load level of the multiplier 32nd
  • the load level signal ⁇ is further passed to a function generator 35 and its output signal A 35 in the sense of a disturbance variable feed back to the summing amplifier 31.
  • the load level signal ⁇ is passed to the function generator 37, the output signals A TF of which are passed to the corresponding control inputs E TF on the filter 26.
  • all time constants of the filter are modulated in the same way.
  • the output of the summing amplifier 31 with the signal A 3 influences control relays 38 and 39, which in turn cause the servomotor 40 to run forwards or backwards.
  • the movements of the servomotor 40 are, by the superposition device 41, as already explained with reference to FIG. 1, the air flap actuating stroke h by a conventional control or. Regulation overlaid.
  • the load level signal ⁇ is finally set, for example, by a potentiometer 42.
  • the position control of the servomotor 40 takes place via a potentiometer 44, to which the mechanical output movement of the motor is transmitted and which feeds an electrical signal S r back to the summing amplifier 31.
  • the function generators can in the usual way, such. B. be implemented with diode networks, its function course is preferably adjustable via interventions P. However, it goes without saying that the entire control device can be constructed digitally, analogously or hybrid.
  • control device can of course only achieve the desired optimal control effect if it is also set according to the static and dynamic properties of the controlled system.
  • the control theory does not provide any information.
  • the setting of the function generator 25, respectively. 9 has to be carried out on the basis of attempts to optimize the furnace, which have to be carried out on a case-by-case basis.
  • the setting of the disturbance variable function generator 35 and. 17 results from the load-dependent steady-state positions of the correction servo motor 40, respectively. 13, which must also be determined experimentally on a case-by-case basis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour régler l'excès d'air dans une installation de chauffe, selon lequel on effectue, dans un dispositif de régulation, une action corrective sur l'écoulement d'air et/ou le courant de combustible, sur la base de la mesure de l'excès d'air dans les gaz de fumées et par une comparaison valeur de consigne/valeur instantanée de l'excès d'air, et selon lequel on modifie, en fonction du taux de charge (ß), l'amplification proportionnelle (gain) du dispositif de régulation, et on adapte au moins une partie des paramètres de temps du dispositif de régulation de façon automatique sur le taux de charge (β) de l'installation de chauffe, et selon lequel on modifie en fonction du taux de charge (ß) la valeur de consigne (w, w') de l'excès d'air, envoyée en tant que grandeur pilote à un régulateur (11, 28) du dispositif de régulation, caractérisé en ce que l'on envoie la valeur de consigne (w, w') de l'excès d'air au régulateur (11, 28), par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre de signaux (10, 26) possédant au moins une constante de temps, l'une au moins des constantes de temps (TF) étant réglable en fonction du taux de charge (ß).
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'action de réglage est complétée par une utilisation du taux de charge en tant que grandeur perturbatrice (17, 35) (réglage à compensation).
3. Procédé selon l'une ou les deux revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on règle de façon automatique l'amplification proportionnelle (KR) du dispositif de régulation (11, 28) de manière que l'amplification proportionnelle du circuit de régulation ouvert (Ko) reste constante indépendamment de la charge.
4. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on règle de façon automatique au moins une constante de temps (TR) du régulateur de manière que le produit du taux de charge (ß) par la constante de temps (TR) soit constant, c'est-à-dire reste indépendant de la charge.
5. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle au moins une constante de temps (TF) du filtre de signaux (10, 26) de manière que le produit du taux de charge (ß) par la constante de temps (TF) soit constant, c'est-à-dire reste indépendant de la charge.
6. Dispositif de régulation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comportant
une première entrée (Ep) pour un signal (ß) dépendant du taux de charge,
une seconde entrée (Ex) pour un signal (x) dépendant de l'excès d'air,
un régulateur (11, 28),

et dans lequel la première entrée (Eβ), par l'intermédiaire d'un générateur de fonction (9, 25), et la seconde entrée (Ex) sont reliées de façon active à une unité de soustraction (24) il est prévu au moins un circuit (16, 10, 15b, 11) servant à adapter au moins une partie des constantes de temps (TF, TR) du dispositif de régulation sur le taux de charge (ß), lequel circuit comporte une entrée d'adaptation excitée en fonction du signal présent sur la première entrée (Eβ), caractérisé en ce que la première entrée (Ep) est reliée de façon active, par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre (10, 26), à l'unité de soustraction (24) et ladite entrée (Eβ) agit, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un générateur de fonction (16, 37), sur au moins une entrée d'adaptation (ETF) du filtre (10, 26), pour régler au moins une constante de temps (TF) du filtre en fonction du taux de charge (ß).
7. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la première entrée (Ep) agit au moins sur une entrée d'adaptation (ET) pour influer sur une constante de temps (TR) du régulateur.
8. Dispositif de régulation selon l'une ou les deux revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la première entrée (Ep) est reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un générateur de fonction (15a, b, 30, 33) présentant une allure de fonction (AK = AK(β, P15A); AT = AT(β, P15b) ...), de préférence réglable (P), à l'entrée d'adaptation sur le régulateur (11, 28).
9. Dispositif de régulation selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la première entrée (Ep) est reliée de façon active, de préférence par l'intermédiaire d'un générateur de fonction (17, 35) présentant une allure de fonction (A17 = A17(β, P17); A35 = (β, P35)), de préférence réglable (P17, P35), à une unité de superposition (12, 31) située à la sortie du régulateur (11, 28).
EP83100320A 1982-02-04 1983-01-15 Procédé et dispositif de réglage pour la régulation d'excès d'air dans les chauffages Expired EP0086337B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83100320T ATE26166T1 (de) 1982-02-04 1983-01-15 Verfahren zur regelung des luftueberschusses an feuerungen sowie regeleinrichtung zur ausfuehrung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3203675A DE3203675C2 (de) 1982-02-04 1982-02-04 Verfahren zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses an Feuerungen sowie Einrichtung zum Regeln des Luftüberschusses
DE3203675 1982-02-04

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EP0086337A1 EP0086337A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
EP0086337B1 true EP0086337B1 (fr) 1987-03-25

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EP83100320A Expired EP0086337B1 (fr) 1982-02-04 1983-01-15 Procédé et dispositif de réglage pour la régulation d'excès d'air dans les chauffages

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EP (1) EP0086337B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE26166T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3203675C2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA83648B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3812697A1 (de) * 1988-04-16 1989-12-28 Programmelectronic Eng Ag Verfahren zur reduzierung der stoergroessenwirkung bei geblaesebrenneranlagen und geblaesebrenneranlage

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3441376C1 (de) * 1984-11-13 1986-03-13 Programmelectronic Engineering AG, Dornach Verfahren zur apparativen Diagnose des Betriebszustandes einer Feuerungsanlage sowie Geraet hierzu
EP0339135A1 (fr) * 1988-04-25 1989-11-02 Landis & Gyr Betriebs AG Dispositif de contrôle composite pour brûleur
DE3834795A1 (de) * 1988-10-12 1990-04-19 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Industrieofen
DE102021127223A1 (de) 2021-10-20 2023-04-20 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur modellprädiktiven Regelung eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches eines Systems sowie ein zugehöriges System

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US3404836A (en) * 1965-12-20 1968-10-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat generating apparatus
DE1588731B1 (de) * 1967-06-19 1970-01-15 Siemens Ag Adaptionsverfahren und -einrichtung fuer Regelkreise
BE757241A (fr) * 1969-10-20 1971-03-16 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Dispositif du reseau de systemes de reglage adaptif
FI772751A (fi) * 1976-12-14 1978-06-15 Measurex Corp Foerfarande och anordning foer att kontrollera effektiviteten av foerbraenningen i en ugn
DE2753520C2 (de) * 1977-12-01 1986-01-23 H. Saacke Kg, 2800 Bremen Vorrichtung zum Optimieren des Luft/Brennstoffverhältnisses von mit gasförmigen oder flüssigen Brennstoffen betriebenen Feuerungsanlagen
DE3005103A1 (de) * 1980-02-12 1981-08-20 Konstantin Dipl.-Ing. 8910 Landsberg Meyl Regelkreisoptimierung durch vergleichen

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Art. "Adaptive-Steuerung der Reglereinstellung mit einfachen Mitteln" v. W. Peinke, in Regelungstechnik, Heft 6 (1966), Seiten 274 ff *
Art. "Regelung der Verbrennung mittels Prozessrechner" aus Gas/Erdgas, Zeitschrift des DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches, Jahrgang 1980, Heft 4, Seiten 141 ff *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3812697A1 (de) * 1988-04-16 1989-12-28 Programmelectronic Eng Ag Verfahren zur reduzierung der stoergroessenwirkung bei geblaesebrenneranlagen und geblaesebrenneranlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3203675A1 (de) 1983-08-11
DE3370527D1 (en) 1987-04-30
ATE26166T1 (de) 1987-04-15
ZA83648B (en) 1983-10-26
DE3203675C2 (de) 1985-10-03
EP0086337A1 (fr) 1983-08-24

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Inventor name: PROFOS, PAUL, PROF. DR. ING.