EP0085054A1 - Dispositif de fragmentation, compactage et decharge d'articles volumineux en vrac, en particulier des dechets domestiques. - Google Patents

Dispositif de fragmentation, compactage et decharge d'articles volumineux en vrac, en particulier des dechets domestiques.

Info

Publication number
EP0085054A1
EP0085054A1 EP19820900842 EP82900842A EP0085054A1 EP 0085054 A1 EP0085054 A1 EP 0085054A1 EP 19820900842 EP19820900842 EP 19820900842 EP 82900842 A EP82900842 A EP 82900842A EP 0085054 A1 EP0085054 A1 EP 0085054A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
rings
bulk goods
shovel
under
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19820900842
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0085054B1 (fr
Inventor
Nils Gosta Rosenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosenberg & Co AB
Original Assignee
Rosenberg & Co AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosenberg & Co AB filed Critical Rosenberg & Co AB
Priority to AT82900842T priority Critical patent/ATE23963T1/de
Publication of EP0085054A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085054A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0085054B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085054B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3035—Means for conditioning the material to be pressed, e.g. paper shredding means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention at hand is classified amongst constructions which take care of the transportation of voluminous bulk goods, in particular household waste and refuse.
  • the sack-changer comes in different designs, of which the so-called carousel changer is the most common. It exists out of a vertical axel which gradually rotates around a stand with holders for several sacks, which by gradual rotation of the stand, one by one, can be placed in position under the opening of the disposal shute.
  • the stand is rotated one stage so that the filled sack is in position under a compactor, which exists out of a plunger with which the contents of the sack are compacted to approximately half its volume.
  • the stand is then rotated back into position under the. shute.
  • the stand rotates one stage so that an empty sack is placed under the shute.
  • a disadvantage of the above sack-changer with compactor is that due to its height it needs a relatively high ceiling in the waste-disposal room, which makes it less suitable for installation in older buildings with insufficient ceiling height. Even, if the construction of the sack-changer is sufficiently low, the sacks have to be removed from the sack-changer manually, which ac cording to the present workers protection norms is not approved in waste-disposal rooms with a ceiling height of less than 2.1 m.
  • the sacks filled with their compacted contents are heavy and difficult to manage and therefore, if the waste-disposal room is located below ground level, a so-called stair lift is demanded, with which the sacks or waggon with sacks are transported along the stairs to the ground floor for further transportation.
  • a so-called waste-screw is used. The waste is transported from the shute opening by a motor driven, rotating iron spiral without axel in a chamber of steelplate, to a central collecting station within the area, where the waste is compacted in a closed container.
  • waste-screw needs extensive installation work including constructing a pipe with spiral below ground level.
  • the installation of the waste-screw is thereby quite costly and most suitable for installation in connection with new building of larger flats or large property complexes.
  • the third known arrangement for the processing of household waste uses a so-called waste suction, which means that the waste is transported by air in a closed system to a collecting station where the waste is compacted in a container.
  • the pipes in this waste structure are usually about 400mm in diameter, but if the waste suction is combined with grinders, which are placed under each shute, and which grinds the waste, a pipe with a diameter of 150mm is sufficient.
  • the combination of waste suction a nd grinder is often called a miniwastesuction and is due to its size suitable for installation in older buildings.
  • Waste suction is, as the previous mentioned wastescrew, burdened with the disadvantage that it requires extensive installation work and is therefore costly. Furthermore, in order to obtain sufficient reliability of service high airspeeds are needed, which gives an unwanted high noise level.
  • the miniwastesuction which due to its smaller size is more advantageous from an installation point of view, needs, however, more maintenance in order to function satisfactorily.
  • the waste grinder's blade is exposed to much strain and has to be changed often. In the waste grinder waste is crushed, but no compacting is done.
  • the invention at hand has a goal to produce a device for the fragmenting, compacting and discharging of voluminous bulk goods in particular household waste and refuse, avoiding or lessening the disadvantages mentioned above, and which fragments, compacts and discharges b u l k goods, is simple in construction and has a low construction height and is therefore also wel suited for installation in waste-disposal rooms with low ceilings.
  • fig 1 shows a schematic, vertical cross-section of the device fig 2 is a vertical part cross-section through the rings fix 3 is a. part showing I-I in fig 1 fig 4-9 are horizontal drawings of the rings 4-8 in figures 1.
  • fig 10 is a schematic perspective illustrating the interaction of the rings.
  • the device shown in the drawings exists out of a housing which is clearly seen in fig 1, in the form of a steel construction of plating or a square tube or something of the kind.
  • a circular, cylindrical, essentially vertical feeding shaft 2 with an inner diameter corresponding to the diameter of the mouth of a connected waste shute 3, preferably somewhat larger, enabling the waste shute to go down a bit into the feeding shaft 2.
  • rings 4-8 which have shovel formed inward pushing parts 10A-E, and set up in such a way that with relative rotational movements around a geometrical axel, basically in line with the feeding shaft's geometrical axel, so that bulk goods fed through the centre of the rings by gravitation, are at the same time fractioned by the interaction of the contra rotating rings' shovel formed parts.
  • Rings 4-8 can be installed so that they rotate in opposite directions to each other, but as shown in the drawing of this design in figure 1, each other ring 5, 7 is attached to the housing 1 and each other ring 4, 6 and 8 is rotatable.
  • Ring 4 exists of a circular cylindrical casing 9 and a horizontal topplate 10A, which builds a ring-formed flange, which rests on and is attached to a collar of the ring surrounding circular cylindrical support profile 11.
  • Support profile 11 has been designed with on the outside grooves 12 for a V belt which is part of a drive transmission for the rotation of the rings.
  • ring 4 has been designed with a towards the middle pushing shovel formed part 10A, which takes up a part of the ring's surface surrounding area and which is designed with a towards the ring's centre axel turned shovel surface, preferably with a curved form as in the so-called Archimedes spiral i.e. with an inwardly decreasing radius.
  • the shovel formed part 10A has, towards the inside of the ring radially growing dimensions , in a direction contra to the ring's 4, with arrow in fig 3 marked rotating direction.
  • Both of the other rotatable rings 6 and 8 are constructed opposite to the manner described in connection with ring 4.
  • Ring 6 consequently contains, as is shown in the schematic drawing in fig 6, a towards the ring's centre pushing shovel formed part 10C with a shovel area 25.
  • the essential difference in comparison to ring 4 is that the shovel formed part 10C pushes further into the centre of ring 5 compared to the corresponding part 10A of ring 4.
  • Rotation of ring 6 thereby demarcates its shovel formed part 10C a passage without obstructions as is marked with the dotted circel line in fig 5, which is less than the equivalent free passage through ring 4.
  • Correspondigly ring 8, as can be seen in the schematic drawing 8, has a shovel formed part 10E with shovel area 15.
  • the shovel formed part 10E pushes even a bit further towards the centre of ring 8, so when rotating ring 8 a passage free of obstacles is demarcated as marked by the dotted circular line in fig 8, which is less than the corresponding free passage of ring 6.
  • the fixed ring is construced contra to the previously described rotating rings, but differs in that the surrounding support profile 18 does not have grooves, partly as the ring's shovel formed part 20, as is clearly shown in drawing 5, has a basically mirror-inverted design compared to the shovel formed part 10A of ring 4.
  • the shovel formed part 10B has towards the ring's central axe.1 decreasing dimensions in a direction contra to the rotating rings' direction.
  • the shovel formed part 108 is constructed with, a towards the centre of the ring turned shovel surface 20, which from the ring's periferi stretches in a concave arch form towards the ring's centre, preferably in a curve form, as in a so-called Archimedes spiral.
  • the shovel formed part 10B pushes a bit more i towards the ring's centre than the corresponding shovel formed part 10A of ring 4.
  • the to the housing attached fixed ring which supports the rotating ring 6, is constructed contra to the previously described fixed ring 5.
  • the ring's 7 shovel formed part pushes a bit more towards the ring's centre than the corresponding part of the above laying rotating ring 6.
  • the bottom rotating ring 8 is supported by a support ring 22 attached to the bottom 19 which is fixed to the housing with a central feed-opening 23for feeding there through of bulk goods fragmented by the middle rings.
  • Opening 23, can, as shown in fig 9, have a form which basically corresponds to the free opening in ring 8.
  • Propulsion for the simultaneous rotation of the rotating rings is effected by a drive transmission from a drive motor not shown in the drawings.
  • the drive transmission exists of three verticle, in the housing mounted axels 34, 35 and 36, which seen from above are situated in the corner of an equally sided triangle.
  • On each one of the axels three V belt dishes are situated straight in front of each respective rotating ring.
  • Preferably two of the axels are connected to its own drive motor.
  • axels 34, 35 and 36 are situated such a distance from the rings' rotating axels that V belt 37 grips into groove 12 in each respective ring with a. certain dimensional angel, which should be sufficient to transfer the propulsion momentum to the rings.
  • Tractive power of the V belt thereby has a radial component force, which effects the rings on three sides and .contributes to holding the rings centered.
  • the in the drawings shown device propells the rings for rotation counter-clockwise as shown by the arrow in fig 4, 6, 8 and 10.
  • the under the bottom rotating ring 8 situated base with its opening 23 forms a connection between the rings and the under base 19 placed chamber 24, which preferably has the form of a cylinder with a considerably horizontal axel and which mouths out into feeding tube 26.
  • a plunger device is constructed which moves in cylinder 24 in its length between a rear position shown by the continuous lines, in which opening 23 is completely exposed for the feeding of a string of fractioned bulk goods, and a forward position in which the plunger's front is situated on the opposite side of opening 23, as shown by the continuous line in fig 1.
  • the plunger's forward and backward movement in cylinder 24 is executed by a under the cylindrical chamber constructed propulsion device consisting of an electrical motor 31 with an elbow gear.
  • the gear's output shaft pivot supports.
  • the plunger device exists out of horizontal flat rod 25A and a vertical flat rod 25B with a width, which suitably corresponds to the inner diameter of cylinder 24.
  • the cross section of the plunger therefore has the form of a cross as is shown in fig 3. On both sides of that part of the plunger's vertical flat rod 25B which goes over the top of the horizontal flat rod 25A, two scrapers are attached in the cylinder.
  • Scrapers 29 are situated immediately behind opening 23's rear side and have as purpose to keep fragments of bulk goods and partides from following the plunger on its return stroke.
  • two scrapers 30 are also constructed which are attached to the bottom of the plunger's horizontal flat rod 25A between this and the vertical flat rod 25B.
  • the scrapers' 30 purpose is to scrape the bottom of the cylinder of bulk goods fragments and particles during the plunger's forward movement.
  • Scrapers 29 and 30 are thus formed as circle quadrants and are furnished with, in the drawings not shown., self adjusting boarder lining for both the plunger and the cylinder.
  • the plunger does not need to cut off strings of bulk goods during each movement of the plunger, which would have been the case if the plunger had an entirely circular working survice against the bulk goods. Due to this, the driving device for the plunger is dimensioned for significantly lower power needs, which also considerably decreases wearing of the plunger and cylinder. Thus passing opening 23, the plunger's 25 vertical protruding part cuts through the string of bulk goods.
  • the plunger device illustrated in the drawing is mechanically driven but, of course, one can use hydraulic or pneumatic plunger devices which effect a linear forward and backward feeding movement as well.
  • the household waste is influenced, which from the waste shute 3 refills in the feeding shaft 2 of the in the first ring 4 against the ring's central shovel formed part 10A.
  • the bulk goods are thereby pushed partly in the direction of the ring's centre, partly due to the gravitational forces in the direction of the axel downwards.
  • the bulk goods thereby make contact with the shovel surface 20 in the under ring 4 situated fixed ring 5.
  • the bulk goods are ground i.e. frtressed and are in this ring also forced first towards the centre of the ring and then in axial direction against the following rotating ring.
  • the device as per the invention can through its simplicity in construction be produced for a moderate cost and is, due to its compact construction, very suitable for installation in restricted rooms.
  • the transport pipe for the compacted household waste can be kept relatively small, which is advantageous for the installation and tubing.
  • the invention as described above as per the drawings, is not bound to same, but can vary within the frames of the following patent claim.
  • the shovel formed parts' curve formed surfaces can be provided with an edge or toothing in order to improve the frticianation.
  • the number of rings can also vary depending on the type of bulk goods to be treated in the device and depending on the grade of the compacting wanted.
  • the invention is not bound either by the treatment of houshold waste and refuse only, but can advantageously be used for the compaction and feeding of other bulk goods i.e. peat or chippings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif de fragmentation, compactage et decharge d'articles volumineux en vrac, en particulier des dechets domestiques, comprend une enceinte (1) supportant un arbre d'alimentation sensiblement vertical (2) avec une ouverture circulaire de decharge. Sous l'arbre d'alimentation (2), plusieurs anneaux sont construits les uns sur les autres (4-8), en mouvement de rotation mutuelle autour de l'axe central de l'ouverture de decharge. Chaque anneau est forme avec une partie en forme de pelle poussant vers le centre de l'anneau qui, pour chaque anneau, pousse davantage vers le centre que l'anneau reposant au-dessus, et formant une ouverture excentrique au travers des anneaux. Les anneaux sont construits de telle maniere que, par l'influence de rotation relative, des articles en vrac, introduits par gravite au travers des anneaux, puissent etre simultanement fractionnes, par interaction entre les anneaux contre les parties de rotation en forme de pelle. Sous l'anneau inferieur (8), une chambre de decharge cylindrique (24) est concue avec, a l'interieur, un dispositif a piston horizontal se deplacant en avant et en arriere (25) pour couper et compacter les dechets en vrac fragmentes sortant de l'anneau le plus bas avant d'entrer dans une conduite de decharge (26).
EP19820900842 1981-03-17 1982-03-17 Dispositif de fragmentation, compactage et decharge d'articles volumineux en vrac, en particulier des dechets domestiques Expired EP0085054B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82900842T ATE23963T1 (de) 1981-03-17 1982-03-17 Vorrichtung zum zerstueckeln, zusammenpressen und entladen von sperrguetern, insbesondere hausmuell.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8101680 1981-03-17
SE8101680 1981-03-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085054A1 true EP0085054A1 (fr) 1983-08-10
EP0085054B1 EP0085054B1 (fr) 1986-12-03

Family

ID=20343354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820900842 Expired EP0085054B1 (fr) 1981-03-17 1982-03-17 Dispositif de fragmentation, compactage et decharge d'articles volumineux en vrac, en particulier des dechets domestiques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0085054B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3274528D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK150294C (fr)
FI (1) FI74655C (fr)
WO (1) WO1982003200A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4208584C2 (de) * 1992-03-18 1994-02-10 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Leitschacht für eine Ballenpresse
NL1013085C2 (nl) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-20 Skeet Aba Holding B V Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verkleinen van materiaaldelen.
CN102257228B (zh) 2008-12-18 2015-02-11 优质专利私人有限公司 推送和移动固体废物的方法和系统
FI122102B (fi) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-31 Maricap Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin käsittelemiseksi pneumaattisessa putkikuljetusjärjestelmässä
FI126111B (fi) 2012-05-07 2016-06-30 Maricap Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin syöttämiseksi rotaatiomuokkainlaitteeseen
FI126930B (fi) 2012-05-07 2017-08-15 Maricap Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin käsittelemiseksi pneumaattisessa materiaalinkäsittelyjärjestelmässä
FI125741B (fi) 2012-07-02 2016-01-29 Maricap Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin käsittelemiseksi pneumaattisessa materiaalinkäsittelyjärjestelmässä

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8203200A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI831286A0 (fi) 1983-04-15
DK150294B (da) 1987-02-02
FI74655C (fi) 1988-03-10
WO1982003200A1 (fr) 1982-09-30
DK150294C (da) 1987-11-23
DE3274528D1 (en) 1987-01-15
DK508082A (da) 1982-11-15
FI74655B (fi) 1987-11-30
FI831286L (fi) 1983-04-15
EP0085054B1 (fr) 1986-12-03

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