EP0079587B1 - Wire-bending machine - Google Patents

Wire-bending machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079587B1
EP0079587B1 EP19820110412 EP82110412A EP0079587B1 EP 0079587 B1 EP0079587 B1 EP 0079587B1 EP 19820110412 EP19820110412 EP 19820110412 EP 82110412 A EP82110412 A EP 82110412A EP 0079587 B1 EP0079587 B1 EP 0079587B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending
mandrel
wire
central mandrel
central
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EP19820110412
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0079587A1 (en
Inventor
Rossi Piergiorgio
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OEMB SA
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OEMB SA
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Priority to AT82110412T priority Critical patent/ATE18724T1/en
Publication of EP0079587A1 publication Critical patent/EP0079587A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21FWORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/10Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs
    • B21D11/12Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs the articles being reinforcements for concrete
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/869Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8772One tool edge of tool pair encompasses work [e.g., wire cutter]

Definitions

  • a wire bending machine of this type is u. a. known from CH-A-592 481.
  • the machine described therein has the particular disadvantage that the bending mechanism cannot be adapted to different wire or rod cross sections, as is necessary, for example, when bending reinforcing bars in accordance with SIA standards.
  • the rapid changeover of processing to different bar cross-sections is a requirement for the economical use of such machines.
  • a plurality of openings for receiving the bending mandrel are distributed at different intervals in order to adjust the radial position of the bending mandrel over the bending plate.
  • a cover plate with a radial recess for the bending mandrel preferably has a position-determining element which allows the angular position of the bending mandrel to be determined. With two sensors, which respond to the position determining element, an initial angular position can be determined in this way for each radial position of the bending mandrel on both sides of the wire feed device.
  • a method for its operation is characterized in that the bending mandrel is moved back in one of its two initial angular positions after execution of a bending in the retracted position and with simultaneous wire feed.
  • the bending mandrel 3 can be withdrawn from its working position.
  • the axial displacement of the fastening disk 6 takes place via an oil-hydraulically driven lever system (not shown).
  • the torque required for the bending is exerted by the bending plate 4 on the bending mandrel 3.
  • the bending plate 4 has a hollow cylindrical rear attachment, on which a drive gear 9 is seated between bearings 8 and is driven by a kinematic chain, which is not shown in detail. In this way, the mandrel can independently perform a circular movement and an inward or outward movement. This will be explained in more detail later in connection with FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 4 in front of the bending and shearing point 1 there is first a straightening and transport device 34 consisting of several rollers, which is only shown schematically. This device straightens the wire material drawn off a roll and ensures its controlled feed. The straightening and transport device is followed by a length measuring roller arrangement 35. This determines the exact amount of the feed for the control device of the machine. The The legs and section lengths of the wire brackets to be produced are determined solely by the size of the feed, as can now be seen from the individual phases of a typical operating sequence shown in FIGS. 5a to 5x for forming an S-shaped bracket. According to FIG.
  • the desired feed which, as mentioned, is controlled by the length measuring rollers 35, is then actuated by the shear and ejection device 10 (FIG. 5v).
  • the sequence ends with the retraction of the shaving head (Fig. 5w) and the insertion of the mandrel (Fig. 5x).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

In order to allow an adjusting of the bending tools to a given diameter of the wire being bent allowing the producing of the requisite bending radius a central mandrel which forms two bending or forming, respectively, jaws is replaceable together with a shearing tool. To this end a hollow shaft is mounted at the rear of the central mandrel, which shaft is mounted to a supporting shaft by means of a screw joint. The supporting shaft is supported in turn rotationally and can be rotated by means of a motor in order to disconnect the central mandrel. By mentioned rotation the screw joint is released. A special coupling of the shearing tool to an axially movable operating shaft allows a simultaneous disconnecting of the shearing tool together with the central mandrel. A bending mandrel is mountable at locations having various radial distances from the central mandrel. A cover plate provided with a position control element operates together with proximity switches such that two defined initial angular positions of the bending mandrel is maintained independently from mentioned adjustments.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Drahtbiegemaschine mit einem die Biegeachsen und den Krümmungsradius bestimmenden Zentraldorn, einer innerhalb des Zentraldorns angeordneten Abschervorrichtung sowie einem ein- und ausfahrbaren Biegedorn, der mittels eines Biegetellers auf einer Kreisbahn um den Zentraldorn bewegbar ist, sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen.The invention relates to a wire bending machine with a central mandrel determining the bending axes and the radius of curvature, a shearing device arranged within the central mandrel and a retractable and extendable bending mandrel which can be moved on a circular path around the central mandrel by means of a bending plate, and a method for operating such a device.

Eine Drahtbiegemaschine dieser Art ist u. a. aus der CH-A-592 481 bekannt. Die darin beschriebene Maschine weist insbesondere den Nachteil auf, dass der Biegemechanismus nicht an unterschiedliche Draht- bzw. Stangenquerschnitte angepasst werden kann, wie dies etwa beim Biegen von Armierungseisen gemäss SIA-Normen notwendig ist. Die rasche Umstellung der Verarbeitung auf unterschiedliche Stangenquerschnitte ist jedoch ein Erfordernis für den wirtschaftlichen Einsatz derartiger Maschinen.A wire bending machine of this type is u. a. known from CH-A-592 481. The machine described therein has the particular disadvantage that the bending mechanism cannot be adapted to different wire or rod cross sections, as is necessary, for example, when bending reinforcing bars in accordance with SIA standards. However, the rapid changeover of processing to different bar cross-sections is a requirement for the economical use of such machines.

Für Drahtbiegemaschinen mit ausserhalb des Zentraldorns angeordneter Abschervorrichtung, wie z. B. in der US-PS 3 991 600 gezeigt, ist es zwar bereits bekannt, den Zentraldorn austauschbar zu gestalten.For wire bending machines with a shearing device arranged outside the central mandrel, such as. B. shown in US-PS 3 991 600, it is already known to make the central mandrel interchangeable.

Allerdings ist hierzu ein Eingriff ins Innere der Maschine erforderlich, womit eine rasche Umstellung auf andere Querschnitte nicht möglich ist.However, this requires an intervention into the interior of the machine, which means that a quick changeover to other cross-sections is not possible.

Es stellt sich deshalb die Aufgabe, eine Drahtbiegemaschine der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei welcher eine rasche Anpassung der Maschinenelemente an wechselnde Stangenquerschnitte ohne Eingriffe ins Maschineninnere möglich ist.It is therefore the task of creating a wire bending machine of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which a rapid adaptation of the machine elements to changing rod cross sections is possible without interfering with the interior of the machine.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch erreicht, dass der Zentraldorn und die Abschervorrichtung zusammen eine auswechselbare Einheit zur Anpassung an wechselnde Drahtdurchmesser bzw. Krümmungsradien bilden, wobei der Zentraldorn rückseitig eine Hohlwelle aufweist, die mittels eines Schraubgewindes auf einem drehbar gelagerten, koaxialen Halterohr befestigt ist und wobei das Halterohr zum Lösen und Befestigen des Zentraldorns um seine Achse rotierbar ist, derart, dass der Zentraldorn von der Vorderseite her austauschbar ist.This is achieved according to the invention in that the central mandrel and the shearing device together form an interchangeable unit for adaptation to changing wire diameters or radii of curvature, the central mandrel having a hollow shaft on the back, which is fastened by means of a screw thread to a rotatably mounted, coaxial holding tube, and wherein Holding tube for loosening and fastening the central mandrel can be rotated about its axis in such a way that the central mandrel can be exchanged from the front.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel sind zur Einstellung der radialen Lage des Biegedorns über den Biegeteller in unterschiedlichen Abständen mehrere Oeffnungen zur Aufnahme des Biegedorns verteilt. Eine Deckplatte mit einer radialen Ausnehmung für den Biegedorn weist vorzugsweise ein Lagebestimmungselement auf, welches die Bestimmung der Winkellage des Biegedorns erlaubt. Mit zwei Sensoren, welche auf das Lagebestimmungselement ansprechen, kann in dieser Weise bei jeder radialen Position des Biegedorns auf beiden Seiten der Drahtzufuhrvorrichtung je eine Ausgangswinkellage festgelegt werden. Bei einer solchermassen ausgebildeten Biegemaschine ist ein Verfahren zu deren Betrieb dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Biegedorn nach Ausführung einer Biegung in eingezogener Stellung und unter gleichzeitigem Drahtvorschub in einer seiner zwei Ausgangswinkellagen zurückbewegt wird.In a preferred exemplary embodiment, a plurality of openings for receiving the bending mandrel are distributed at different intervals in order to adjust the radial position of the bending mandrel over the bending plate. A cover plate with a radial recess for the bending mandrel preferably has a position-determining element which allows the angular position of the bending mandrel to be determined. With two sensors, which respond to the position determining element, an initial angular position can be determined in this way for each radial position of the bending mandrel on both sides of the wire feed device. In a bending machine designed in this way, a method for its operation is characterized in that the bending mandrel is moved back in one of its two initial angular positions after execution of a bending in the retracted position and with simultaneous wire feed.

Damit lässt sich erreichen, dass der Betriebsablauf unabhängig vom verarbeiteten Stangenquerschnitt jeweils automatisch von den richtigen Ausgangslagen erfolgt. Die Anpassung der Maschinenelemente an das zu verarbeitende Material verlangt damit keine Neujustierung.This means that the operating sequence is automatically carried out from the correct starting positions regardless of the processed bar cross-section. The adaptation of the machine elements to the material to be processed does not require any readjustment.

Nachfolgend wird nun ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung detailliert erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 einen Schnitt, teilweise schematisch dargestellt, im wesentlichen entlang einer Ebene gebildet durch Drahzufuhrrichtung und Drehachse des Biegetellers ;
  • Figur 2 eine Ansicht, teilweise geschnitten, auf die Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt, teilweise schamtisch dargestellt, auf die Linie 111-111 in Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur 4 eine schematische Ansicht auf den Biegeteller mit Richt- und Messanordnung, und
  • Figur 5a bis x die einzelnen Phasen einer beispielhaft dargestellten Biegefolge.
An embodiment of the invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it :
  • 1 shows a section, shown partially schematically, essentially along a plane formed by the wire feed direction and the axis of rotation of the bending plate;
  • Figure 2 is a view, partly in section, on the line 11-11 in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a section, partly shown in shameless fashion, on the line 111-111 in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the bending plate with straightening and measuring arrangement, and
  • Figure 5a to x, the individual phases of a bending sequence shown as an example.

Figur 1 zeigt in Verbindung mit Fig. 2 den grundsätzlichen Aufbau der Drahtbiegemaschine. Durch einen feststehenden, mit dem Maschinengehäuse verbundenen Drahtzufuhrkanal 5 gelangt der gerichtete Draht zur Biege- und Abscherstelle 1. Diese weist einen Zentraldorn 2 auf, der beidseitig der Drahtzufuhrrichtung je eine Formgebungsbacke bildet, welche den Krümmungsradius für jede Biegung bestimmen. Ein Biegedorn 3 ist mittels eines angetriebenen Biegetellers 4 bezüglich der Drahtzufuhrrichtung um je 180° im Uhrzeiger- sowie im Gegenuhrzeigersinn drehbar. Der Biegedorn 3 durchdringt den Biegeteller 4 und ist in einer dahinterliegenden Befestigungsscheibe 6 eingeschraubt. Diese ist in Führungsgliedern 7 (Fig. 3) bezüglich des Biegetellers 4 axial verschiebbar, wie in Fig. 1 strichliert dargestellt ist, wodurch der Biegedorn 3 aus seiner Arbeitsstellung zurückziehbar ist. Die axiale Verschiebung der Befestigungsscheibe 6 erfolgt -über ein nicht dargestelltes öl-hydraulisch getriebenes Hebelsystem. Das für die Biegung nötige Drehmoment wird vom Biegeteller 4 auf den Biegedorn 3 ausgeübt. Der Biegeteller 4 weist dazu einen hohlzylindrischen rückwärtigen Ansatz auf, auf welchem zwischen Lagern 8 ein Antriebszahnrad 9 sitzt, das über eine kinematische Kette, die im einzelnen nicht gezeigt ist, angetrieben wird. Auf diese Weise kann der Biegedorn unabhängig voneinander eine Kreisbewegung sowie eine Ein- bzw. Ausfahrbewegung vornehmen. Dies wird weiter hinten im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 5 noch im Detail erläutert.FIG. 1 shows in connection with FIG. 2 the basic structure of the wire bending machine. Through a fixed wire feed channel 5 connected to the machine housing, the directional wire reaches the bending and shearing point 1. This has a central mandrel 2, which forms a shaping jaw on both sides of the wire feed direction, which determine the radius of curvature for each bend. A bending mandrel 3 can be rotated clockwise and counterclockwise with respect to the wire feed direction by means of a driven bending plate 4. The bending mandrel 3 penetrates the bending plate 4 and is screwed into a fastening disk 6 located behind it. This is axially displaceable in guide members 7 (FIG. 3) with respect to the bending plate 4, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, as a result of which the bending mandrel 3 can be withdrawn from its working position. The axial displacement of the fastening disk 6 takes place via an oil-hydraulically driven lever system (not shown). The torque required for the bending is exerted by the bending plate 4 on the bending mandrel 3. For this purpose, the bending plate 4 has a hollow cylindrical rear attachment, on which a drive gear 9 is seated between bearings 8 and is driven by a kinematic chain, which is not shown in detail. In this way, the mandrel can independently perform a circular movement and an inward or outward movement. This will be explained in more detail later in connection with FIG. 5.

Innerhalb des Zentraldorns 2 ist eine Abscherund Auswurfvorrichtung 10 angeordnet, welche ein in Achsrichtung mit bestimmtem Hub bewegbares Scherwerkzeug 12 aufweist, das über eine Betätigungsstange 13 durch einen hydraulischen Zylinder 11 (Fig. 1) angetrieben wird. Das Scherwerkzeug 12, welches eine verstärkte ebene Scherfläche aufweist, wirkt mit einer Hülse 14 im Zentraldorn 2 zusammen, welche einerseits als Drahtführung und andererseits als Gegenmesser ausgebildet ist. Wie sich im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 5 ergeben wird, weist die zentrale Anordnung der Abschervorrichtung 10 den Vorteil auf, dass zur Ausbildung des Endabschnittes eines fertig gebogenen Drahbügels kein Rückzug des Drahtes bei kurzen Endabschnitten nötig ist, wie dies bei bekannten Biegemaschinen der Fall ist, welche eine vor der Biegestelle angeordnete Abscher-vorrichtung aufweisen. Andererseits stand bisher eine zentrale Anordnung der Abschervorrichtung einer Anpassung der Biegemaschine an die jeweiligen Bedürfnisse entgegen.A shear and ejection device 10 is arranged within the central mandrel 2 has a shear tool 12 which can be moved in the axial direction with a specific stroke and which is driven via an actuating rod 13 by a hydraulic cylinder 11 (FIG. 1). The shear tool 12, which has a reinforced flat shear surface, interacts with a sleeve 14 in the central mandrel 2, which is designed on the one hand as a wire guide and on the other hand as a counter knife. As will be seen in connection with FIG. 5, the central arrangement of the shearing device 10 has the advantage that for the formation of the end section of a fully bent wire bracket, no retraction of the wire is necessary in the case of short end sections, as is the case with known bending machines, which have a shearing device arranged in front of the bending point. On the other hand, a central arrangement of the shearing device has hitherto precluded an adaptation of the bending machine to the respective needs.

Die Biegeradien, welche vor allem durch die Form der genannten Formgebungsbacken des Zentraldorns 2 bestimmt sind, sollen nämlich in Abhängigkeit des Draht- bzw. Stangendufchmessers eingestellt werden können (siehe dazu die entsprechenden SIA-Normen). Die genannte Anpassung der Biegemaschine setzt deshalb unter anderem eine leichte Auswechselbarkeit des Zentraldorns 2 voraus, innerhalb dessen, wie erläutert, die Abschervorrichtung 10 angeordnet ist. Hierzu ist der Zentraldorn rückseitig mit einer Hohlwelle 15 versehen, wie den Fig. 2 und 3 zu entnehmen ist. Die Hohlwelle 15 weist am hinteren Ende ein Gewinde 16 auf, in welches ein entsprechendes Gegengewinde eines Halterohrs 17 eingreift. Das Halterohr 17, welches drehbar in Lagern 18 gehalten ist, weist ein Schneckenrad 19 auf, das über eine Schnecke 20 durch den Motor 21 antreibbar ist (Fig. 1). Bei einer anderen Ausführungsart ist eine Handkurbel vorgesehen, mittels welcher die Schnecke 20 von Hand gedreht werden kann. Soll der Zentraldorn ausgewechselt werden, so wird der Motor 21 in Betrieb gesetzt bzw. an der Handkurbel gedreht, wodurcn das Halterohr 17 in Drehung versetzt wird. Da der Zentraldorn und damit die Hohlwelle 15 durch den Drahtzufuhrkanal 5 gegen Drehung gesichert, jedoch axial verschiebbar ist, löst sich die Schraubverbindung zwischen Halterohr 17 und Hohlwelle 15 und der Zentraldorn 2 verschiebt sich nach aussen. Das Scherwerkzeug 12 ist nun derart mit seiner Betätigungsstange 13 verbunden (Fig. 3), dass es sich dabei ebenfalls löst und zusammen mit dem Zentraldorn von der Vorderseite her entfernbar ist. Dazu wird das Scherwerkzeug 12 mittels einer Feder 22 nach hinten belastet. Seine Verbindung mit der Betätigungsstange 13 wird durch radial verschiebbare Bolzen 23 sichergestellt, welche beim Vorschieben der Hohlwelle 15 durch die Federkraft in darin angeordnete radiale Ausnehmungen 24 gedrückt werden und damit die Verbindung freigeben. Ein Sicherungsring 25 gewährleistet, dass das Schwerwerkzeug 12 nach vollständigem Lösen der Schraubverbindung zusammen mit dem Zentraldorn 2 herausgezogen werden kann. Das Einsetzen eines anderen Zentraldorns 2 zusammen mit einem Scherwerkzeug 12 geschieht auf entsprechende Weise, wobei der Motor 21 mit umgekehrter Drehrichtung betrieben wird.The bending radii, which are primarily determined by the shape of the shaping jaws of the central mandrel 2, should be able to be adjusted depending on the wire or rod diameter (see the corresponding SIA standards). The aforementioned adaptation of the bending machine therefore requires, among other things, easy interchangeability of the central mandrel 2, within which, as explained, the shearing device 10 is arranged. For this purpose, the central mandrel is provided on the back with a hollow shaft 15, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3. The hollow shaft 15 has a thread 16 at the rear end, in which a corresponding mating thread of a holding tube 17 engages. The holding tube 17, which is rotatably held in bearings 18, has a worm wheel 19 which can be driven by the motor 21 via a worm 20 (FIG. 1). In another embodiment, a hand crank is provided, by means of which the worm 20 can be turned by hand. If the central mandrel is to be replaced, the motor 21 is put into operation or rotated on the hand crank, which causes the holding tube 17 to rotate. Since the central mandrel and thus the hollow shaft 15 is secured against rotation by the wire feed channel 5, but is axially displaceable, the screw connection between the holding tube 17 and the hollow shaft 15 is loosened and the central mandrel 2 moves outward. The shear tool 12 is now connected to its actuating rod 13 (FIG. 3) in such a way that it also loosens and can be removed from the front together with the central mandrel. For this purpose, the shear tool 12 is loaded to the rear by means of a spring 22. Its connection to the actuating rod 13 is ensured by radially displaceable bolts 23 which, when the hollow shaft 15 is advanced, are pressed into radial recesses 24 arranged therein by the spring force and thus release the connection. A locking ring 25 ensures that the heavy tool 12 can be pulled out together with the central mandrel 2 after the screw connection has been completely loosened. Another central mandrel 2 is inserted together with a shearing tool 12 in a corresponding manner, the motor 21 being operated in the opposite direction of rotation.

Zentraldorn 2 und Scherwerkzeug 12 bilden auch insofern eine Einheit, als sie zusammen die Formgebungsbacken bilden, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist. Das Scherwerkzeug 12 weist am Scherkopf Führungsvorsprünge 26 auf, die Teil der Formgebungsbacken bilden und an deren Krümmungsradius angepasst sind.Central mandrel 2 and shear tool 12 also form a unit insofar as they together form the shaping jaws, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 2. The shaving tool 12 has guide projections 26 on the shaving head, which form part of the shaping jaws and are adapted to the radius of curvature thereof.

An diesen Krümmungsradius bzw. an den Stangendurchmesser, muss auch die radiale Lage des Biegedorns 3 angepasst werden. Je grösser der Biegeradius gewählt wird, desto weiter aussen ist der Biegedorn anzuordnen. Es ist nun von Bedeutung, dass auch die Lage des Biegedorns 3 rasch an die jeweiligen Verhältnisse angepasst werden kann. Hierzu sind in der Befestigungsscheibe 6 mehrere, auf unterschiedlichen Radien (vgl. Fig. 2) angeordnete Gewindelöcher 27 und entsprechende Durchtritte 28 im Biegeteller 4 vorgesehen (Fig. 3). Diese sind bis auf eines von einer Deckplatte 29 verdeckt. Die Deckplatte weist einen radial verlaufenden Schlitz 30 auf, in welchem der Biegedorn 3 in allen seinen radialen Lagen aufgenommen werden kann. Die Deckplatte 29 ist im übrigen bezüglich des Biegetellers 4 frei verdrehbar. Im Bereich des radialen Schlitzes 30 weist sie als Lagebestimmungse.lement 31 eine Metallplatte zur Beeinflussung von Näherungsschaltern 32, 33 auf. Zwei solcher Nähgerungsschalter 32 sind insbesondere zur Festlegung zweier Ausgangswinkellagen für den Biegedorn 3 in der Drahtzufuhrrichtung hinter dem Zentraldorn und je seitlich dieser Zufuhrrichtung angeordnet, während sich zwei weitere Schalter 33 als Sicherung beidseitig dem Drahtzufuhrkanal befinden. Die Aenderung der radialen Lage des Biegedorns 3 erfolgt nun dadurch, dass nach Entfernung des Biegedorns 3 die Deckplatte 29 auf das geeignete Gewindeloch 27 in der Befesitungsplatfe ausgerichtet und der Biegedorn an der entsprechenden Stelle wieder eingeschraubt wird. Dabei wird jedoch das Lagebestimmungselement 31 in jedem Fall auf die neue Lage des Biegedorns 3 ausgerichtet, womit dieser mittels der Näherungsschalter 32 automatisch wieder in die richtigen Ausgangspositionen bringbar ist, so dass keine Neujustierung der Einrichtung nötig ist.The radial position of the bending mandrel 3 must also be adapted to this radius of curvature or to the rod diameter. The larger the bending radius is selected, the further outside the mandrel has to be arranged. It is now important that the position of the bending mandrel 3 can also be quickly adapted to the respective conditions. For this purpose, a plurality of threaded holes 27 arranged on different radii (cf. FIG. 2) and corresponding passages 28 in the bending plate 4 are provided in the fastening disk 6 (FIG. 3). Except for one, these are covered by a cover plate 29. The cover plate has a radially extending slot 30, in which the bending mandrel 3 can be received in all of its radial positions. The cover plate 29 is otherwise freely rotatable with respect to the bending plate 4. In the area of the radial slot 30, it has a metal plate as position determining element 31 for influencing proximity switches 32, 33. Two such proximity switches 32 are arranged in particular to determine two starting angular positions for the bending mandrel 3 in the wire feed direction behind the central mandrel and to the side of this feed direction, while two further switches 33 are located on both sides of the wire feed channel as a fuse. The radial position of the bending mandrel 3 is now changed by aligning the cover plate 29 with the suitable threaded hole 27 in the mounting plate after removing the bending mandrel 3 and screwing the bending mandrel back into place. In this case, however, the position determining element 31 is in any case aligned with the new position of the bending mandrel 3, which means that it can be automatically brought back into the correct starting positions by means of the proximity switches 32, so that no readjustment of the device is necessary.

Der Betrieb der erläuterten Vorrichtung wird nun anhand der Fig. 4 und 5 näher erläutert. Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, befindet sich vor der Biege- und Abscherstelle 1 zunächst eine aus mehreren Rollen bestehende Richt- und Transportvorrichtung 34, welche nur schematisch gezeigt ist. Diese Vorrichtung richtet das von einer Rolle abgezogene Drahtmaterial gerade und besorgt dessen gesteuerten Vorschub. Die Richt-und Transportvorrichtung wird von einer Längenmessrollenanordnung 35 gefolgt. Diese bestimmt den exakten Betrag des Vorschubs für die Steuereinrichtung der Maschine. Die Schenkel und Abschnittlängen der herzustellenden Drahbügel werden allein durch das Mass des Vorschubs bestimmt, wie sich nun aus den einzelnen in Fig. 5a bis 5x dargestellten Phasen eines typischen Betriebsablaufs zur Bildung eines S-förmigen Bügels ergibt. Gemäss Fig. 5a erfolgt zunächst ein Drahtvorschub (in Pfeilrichtung). Das Mass des Vorschubs muss den Abstand zwischen dem Zentraldorn 2 und dem Biegedorn 3 übersteigen. Letzterer befindet sich beispielsweise auf der oberen seiner beiden erwähnten Ausgangslagen und ist für eine Biegung im Uhrzeigersinn bereit. Diese erfolgt gemäss Fig. 5b in einem Winkel um 90°. Danach (Fig. 5c) wird der Biegedorn um einen kleinen Winkel zurückgedreht, um so den Draht freizugeben, der eine Rückfederkraft auf den Biegedorn ausübt, so dass sich dieser reibungsfrei aus einer aktiven Lage zurückziehen kann (Fig. 5d). Danach erfolgt gemäss Fig. 5e zugleich der Drahtverschub und die Rückführung des eingezogenen Biegedorns in seine obere Ausgangslage. Mit dieser simultanen Vorschub- und Rückführungsbewegung, welche nur bei eingezogenem Biegedorn erfolgen soll, ist es möglich, die Bearbeitungszeit etwas zu reduzieren. In seiner oberen Ausgangslage wird der Biegedorn 3 wieder in seine aktive Lage eingerückt (Fig. 5f) und ist damit zur nächsten Biegung (Fig. 5g) im Uhrzeigersinn bereit. Nach Ausführung dieser Biegung erfolgt wiederum die Freigabe des Drahtes (Fig. 5h) und das Zurückziehen des Biegedorns (Fig. 5i). Da nun eine Biegung in der entgegengesetzten Richtung erfolgen soll, wird der Biegedorn während des nächsten Drahtvorschubs auf seine untere Ausgangslage zurückgedreht (Fig. 5k), wonach seine Einrückung in die aktive Lage mit anschliessender Biegung des Drahtes um 90° im Gegenuhrzeigersinn erfolgt, wie in den Fig. 5 1 und 5 m gezeigt. Nach diesem Biegevorgang wiederholt sich die Sequenz : Freigabe des Drahtes, Zurückziehen und Rückstellung in eine (die untere) der Ausgangslagen bei gleichzeitigem Drahtvorschub (Fig. 5n bis p). Die folgenden Schritte zur Vornahme einer weiteren Biegung im Gegenuhrzeigersinn laufen ebenfalls in der bereits erläuterten Weise ab, nämlich : Einrücken des Biegedorns, Biegung um 90°, Freigabe des Drahtes (Fig. 5q bis s). Danach erfolgt ein weiteres Einrücken des Biegedorns (Fig. 5t) zum nachfolgenden Drahtvorschub unter Rückführung des Biegedorns in seine (obere) Ausgangslage (Fig. 5u).The operation of the device explained will now be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. As can be seen from FIG. 4, in front of the bending and shearing point 1 there is first a straightening and transport device 34 consisting of several rollers, which is only shown schematically. This device straightens the wire material drawn off a roll and ensures its controlled feed. The straightening and transport device is followed by a length measuring roller arrangement 35. This determines the exact amount of the feed for the control device of the machine. The The legs and section lengths of the wire brackets to be produced are determined solely by the size of the feed, as can now be seen from the individual phases of a typical operating sequence shown in FIGS. 5a to 5x for forming an S-shaped bracket. According to FIG. 5a, there is first a wire feed (in the direction of the arrow). The amount of feed must exceed the distance between the central mandrel 2 and the bending mandrel 3. The latter is, for example, on the upper of its two starting positions mentioned and is ready for a clockwise bend. 5b at an angle of 90 °. Thereafter (FIG. 5c), the bending mandrel is turned back by a small angle, so as to release the wire, which exerts a spring-back force on the bending mandrel, so that the latter can retract from an active position without friction (FIG. 5d). 5e, the wire is then shifted and the retracted mandrel is returned to its upper starting position. With this simultaneous feed and return movement, which should only take place when the mandrel is retracted, it is possible to reduce the machining time somewhat. In its upper starting position, the mandrel 3 is pushed back into its active position (FIG. 5f) and is thus ready for the next bend (FIG. 5g) in a clockwise direction. After this bend has been carried out, the wire is again released (FIG. 5h) and the mandrel is withdrawn (FIG. 5i). Since a bend should now take place in the opposite direction, the mandrel is turned back to its lower starting position during the next wire feed (Fig. 5k), after which it is moved into the active position with a subsequent bend of the wire by 90 ° counterclockwise, as in 5 1 and 5 m shown. After this bending process the sequence is repeated: releasing the wire, pulling it back and returning it to one (the lower) of the starting positions with simultaneous wire feed (Fig. 5n to p). The following steps for making a further counterclockwise bend also proceed in the manner already explained, namely: engagement of the bending mandrel, bend through 90 °, release of the wire (FIGS. 5q to s). This is followed by a further engagement of the bending mandrel (Fig. 5t) to the subsequent wire feed while returning the bending mandrel to its (upper) starting position (Fig. 5u).

Anschliessend erfolgt nach Abschluss des gewünschten Vorschubs, welcher, wie erwähnt, von dem Längenmessrollen 35 gesteuert wird, die Betätigung der Abscherund Auswurfvorrichtung 10 (Fig. 5v). Mit dem Einziehen des Scherkopfes (Fig. 5w) und dem Einrücken des Biegedorns (Fig. 5x) wird die Sequenz beendet.The desired feed, which, as mentioned, is controlled by the length measuring rollers 35, is then actuated by the shear and ejection device 10 (FIG. 5v). The sequence ends with the retraction of the shaving head (Fig. 5w) and the insertion of the mandrel (Fig. 5x).

Wie sich aus dieser Beschreibung ergibt, erfolgt vorzugsweise nach jedem Biegevorgang zunächst die Drahtfreigabe (Fig. 5c, h, n etc.), wonach der eingezone Biegedorn unter gleichzeitigem Drahtvorschub in eine seiner beiden Ausgangswinkellagen zurückkehrt, je nachdem, welche Biegerichtung nachfolgend auszuführen ist. Wesentlich ist dabei, dass diese Ausgangslagen auch nach dem Auswechseln des Zentraldorns 2 bzw. der Abschervorrichtung 10 sowie beim Versetzen des Biegedorns 3 unverändert beibehalten werden, ohne dass eine Neujustierung notwendig ist.As can be seen from this description, preferably after each bending process the wire is released (Fig. 5c, h, n etc.), after which the zoned mandrel returns with one wire feed to one of its two initial angular positions, depending on which bending direction is to be carried out subsequently. It is essential that these starting positions are maintained unchanged even after the central mandrel 2 or the shearing device 10 has been replaced and when the bending mandrel 3 has been displaced, without a readjustment being necessary.

Die Sequenz kann dabei jedoch in der Weise vereinfacht werden, dass der Schritt 5c (und entsprechende) wegfällt, d. h. Lösen und Zurückziehen simultan erfolgen. Ebenso kann der Schritt 5e auf zwei Einzelschritte, nämlich zuerst Drahtvorschub und danach Drehen des Biegetellers, aufgeteilt werden.However, the sequence can be simplified in such a way that step 5c (and corresponding) is omitted, i. H. Loosen and pull back simultaneously. Likewise, step 5e can be divided into two individual steps, namely first wire feed and then turning the bending plate.

Die beschriebene Anordnung erlaubt es, die Biegemaschine innert kürzester Zeit an das zu verarbeitende Draht- bzw. Stangenmaterial anzupassen. Damit kann die Bearbeitungseffizienz wesentlich erhöht werden.The arrangement described allows the bending machine to be adapted to the wire or rod material to be processed within a very short time. This can significantly increase the machining efficiency.

Claims (11)

1. Wire-bending apparatus including'a central mandrel (2) which is intended to control the axis of the bends and the radius of curvature of the bent wire, including further a shearing means (10) located within said central mandrel and a retractable and extendable bending mandrel (3) movable by means of a bending table (4) along a circular curve extending around said central mandrel, characterized in that said central mandrel (2) and said shearing means form together an exchangeable unit such to cope with various.wire cross sections and various radii of curvature, and which said center mandrel (2) is provided with a hollow shaft (15) located at rear thereof, which said hollow shaft is mounted by a screw thread (16) on a rotatably supported coaxial supporting shaft (17), which said supporting shaft is rotatable around its axis for a disconnecting and locking, respectively, of said center mandrel such that said center mandrel is exchangeable at its front side.
2. Wire-bending apparatus of claim 1, in which the radial position of said bending mandrel (3) on said bending plate (4) is adjustable, characterized in that said bending table (4) is provided with a plurality of openings (28) for receipt of said bending mandrel, which said openings (28) are distributed in said bending table at various radial distances, and in that there is provided relative thereto an axially displaceable mounting plate (6) provided with a plurality of corresponding mounting points (27) for said bending mandrel.
3. Wire-bending apparatus of claim 2, characterized in that a cover plate (29) having a radially extending opening (30) for said bending mandrel (3) is located on said bending table (4), which said cover plate comprises a position control element (31), and in that there is provided at least one stationary sensor (32) for the determination of the angular position of said bending mandrel (3), which said stationary sensor is responsive to said position control element.
4. Wire-bending apparatus of claim 2, characterized by at least two stationary sensors (32) for the respective determination of an initial angular position of said bending mandrel (3), which said stationary sensors are located at both sides of a feeding means and after said central mandrel (2) seen in the direction of the wire feed.
5. Wire-bending apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that said central mandrel (2) is supported by a stationary wire feeding channel (5) in a nonrotatable, however axially movable fashion.
6. Wire-bending apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that said shearing means (10) comprises an axially movable shearing tool (12) extending within said hollow shaft (15) and having a shearing head intended to cooperate with said central mandrel and mounted to an operating shaft (13) such that it disconnects itself therefrom automatically upon a disconnecting of said central mandrel (2).
7. Wire-bending apparatus of claim 6, characterized in that said shearing head is structured as a shearing knife having laterally arranged guide projections (26) and cooperates with a sleeve (14) structured as counter knife and located inside said center mandrel (2), whereby said guide projections (26) define together with said center mandrel two shaping jaws, of which each determines one bending axis for one bending direction.
8. A method of operation for the apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by the step of after the execution of one wire bending operation returning said bending mandrel (3) simultaneously with a wire feeding movement in its retracted state into one of its two initial positions.
9. The method of claim 8, characterized by the step of a dimensioning the length of a bent leg of said wire and specifically the forming of an end section of a bent wire exclusively by a corresponding distance of feed of said wire.
10. The method according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized by the step of returning said bending mandrel for a subsequent bending operation during the feeding movement of said wire into its initial position to such initial angular position which is suitable as initial position regarding said subsequent bending operation.
11. The method according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by the step of rotating said bending mandrel reversely after execution of a bending operation and prior to its retraction movement by an angle which is large enough to allow a physical separation of said bending mandrel from the bent wire section.
EP19820110412 1981-11-18 1982-11-11 Wire-bending machine Expired EP0079587B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82110412T ATE18724T1 (en) 1981-11-18 1982-11-11 WIRE BENDING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH7413/81A CH652947A5 (en) 1981-11-18 1981-11-18 WIRE BENDING MACHINE.
CH7413/81 1981-11-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0079587A1 EP0079587A1 (en) 1983-05-25
EP0079587B1 true EP0079587B1 (en) 1986-03-26

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EP19820110412 Expired EP0079587B1 (en) 1981-11-18 1982-11-11 Wire-bending machine

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US (1) US4456036A (en)
EP (1) EP0079587B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58176037A (en)
AT (1) ATE18724T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8206680A (en)
CH (1) CH652947A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3270158D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8400683A1 (en)
GR (1) GR77778B (en)
MX (1) MX159337A (en)
YU (1) YU45873B (en)
ZA (1) ZA828423B (en)

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JPH03248732A (en) * 1990-04-09 1991-11-06 Micro Giken:Kk Bending machine for wire
FR2677282B1 (en) * 1991-06-06 1993-10-22 Yves Latour MULTIPLE TOOL BENDING HEAD FOR METAL WIRE BENDING MACHINE.
FR2715334B1 (en) * 1994-01-21 1996-03-08 Automatisation Ste Francaise Machine for bending a material in a substantially straight form.
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DE102011015570B4 (en) * 2011-03-30 2015-01-22 Wafios Ag Bending head for bending rod and tubular workpieces
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CN105903855B (en) * 2016-06-20 2018-06-08 德州市立尊焊丝有限公司 A kind of steel wire bending method and its steel wire bending equipment for realizing this method
DE102017101759B3 (en) * 2017-01-30 2018-06-21 Geobrugg Ag bender
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CN111790839A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-20 姜玲华 Steel bar bending machine
EP4292729A1 (en) * 2022-06-15 2023-12-20 Progress Maschinen & Automation AG Method for automatically changing at least one bending die and / or at least one guide nozzle of a bending machine

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BR8206680A (en) 1983-10-04
JPH0318971B2 (en) 1991-03-13
YU45873B (en) 1992-09-07
US4456036A (en) 1984-06-26
ES517405A0 (en) 1983-11-16
CH652947A5 (en) 1985-12-13
ATE18724T1 (en) 1986-04-15
ES8400683A1 (en) 1983-11-16
YU256882A (en) 1986-12-31
MX159337A (en) 1989-05-17
EP0079587A1 (en) 1983-05-25
DE3270158D1 (en) 1986-04-30
GR77778B (en) 1984-09-25
JPS58176037A (en) 1983-10-15
ZA828423B (en) 1983-09-28

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