EP0066604A1 - Bride de raccordement bimetallique - Google Patents

Bride de raccordement bimetallique

Info

Publication number
EP0066604A1
EP0066604A1 EP19820900230 EP82900230A EP0066604A1 EP 0066604 A1 EP0066604 A1 EP 0066604A1 EP 19820900230 EP19820900230 EP 19820900230 EP 82900230 A EP82900230 A EP 82900230A EP 0066604 A1 EP0066604 A1 EP 0066604A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
inset
rim
connector
flange connector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19820900230
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Schlicht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0066604A1 publication Critical patent/EP0066604A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L23/00—Flanged joints
    • F16L23/02—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially
    • F16L23/024—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes
    • F16L23/028—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes the flanges being held against a shoulder

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the construction of flange connectors for metal pipe or fittings. Because of the in - line detachability of flanged pipe fittings, and other components, the use of flange connectors is an important consideration in designing any piping system. The inherent higher cost of flange connectors compared with other more permanent connectors or connections re ⁇ quires a judicial use of flanged pipe, fittings or system components such as valves and the like. Any reduction in the cost of flange connectors therefore allows a more liberal use of this desirable type of connector in piping systems.
  • New flange designs should desirably oper ⁇ ate compatibly with conventional flanges on standard auxiliary components in a piping system such as valves, pumps, filters and other common system units which carry their own integral flange connectors.
  • OMPI import as noted in Schultz where the flange consists of expensive material, such as stainless steel.
  • the flange proposed by Schultz was cold formed from a blank in a press operation to the annular trough configuration de ⁇ scribed.
  • flanges are generally fabricated from the same type of material as the pipe.
  • heavy flange connectors of like material are employed to enable use of compatible material for strong welded connections to the pipe or fit- ting bends.
  • the fluid carried by the pipe or the fluid pressure in the pipe may dictate the composi ⁇ tion of the flange material. In the case of certain mater ⁇ ials, such as stainless steel, these requirements can re ⁇ sult in a costly conventional type flange device.
  • the flange connectors of the present invention are the product of a fabrication process that enables the bulk of the flanges to be fabricated from an inexpensive material which is not dictated by welding requirements, fluid characteristics or pressure requirements.
  • the re ⁇ sultant flange connector is therefore inexpensive and, if desired, fabricated in complex configurations enabled by molding techniques not available to many materials
  • O PI utilized in the piping in a given system.
  • the greater part of the flange connector needs no machining at a savings in not only cost, but in the number of operations required to construct a finished flange connector.
  • the flange connectors of this invention are the product of a process which casts the major portion of the flange structure from a first metal material onto a cen ⁇ tral hub or inset of a second metal material.
  • the result ⁇ ant bimetallic flange has properties which are not avail ⁇ able from fabrication of a flange entirely from either of the metal materials.
  • the composition of the first metal material is preferably a common ductile iron which is inexpensive, easily cast at relatively low temperatures, relatively high in strength and nonbrittle. Unfortunately, the material cannot be welded without subsequent impracti ⁇ cal and expensive heat treatment. Other castable materials may naturally be used where other properties are desirable which differ from the properties of the second material.
  • the composition of the second material may be of greater variety, but typically is weldable to pipe or fittings of generally similar composition. It is high in structural strength, may be forged or cast, and is easily machinable. Usually, the second material is of greater unit cost than the first material.
  • the inset or hub is first formed and machined where necessary.
  • the machined inset is constructed from a material which is easily connectable to the pipe or fitting, principally by welding.
  • the inset which comprises the hub of the flange connector is formed of a similar stainless steel that can be easily welded to the pipe.
  • the configuration and composition of the inset is such that the integrity of the piping system is main ⁇ tained for pressure range and fluid type.
  • the inset is of a generally cylindrical configuration with a wall thickness equivalent to that of the pipe, and it has a flared end facing for seating a gasket on connection to an opposed flange.
  • the bulk of the flange comprising the flange rim is formed of an inexpensive ductile iron which can be cast to a finished configuration, including flange holes, logos, structural webbing and other design features desired.
  • the flange rim is directly cast onto the outer surface of the prepared inset.
  • the entire inner surface of the mold can be provided with a desirable protective ma ⁇ terial resulting in a coated flange rim.
  • a chromium foil or film composition that is suitable to re ⁇ strict carbon migration will usually, by its inherent na ⁇ ture, have an anti-corrosive characteristic when advanta ⁇ geously applied to the entire outer surface of the cast flange rim.
  • the resulting flange is thereby suitable for service in external as well as internal corrosive environ ⁇ ments.
  • the boundary material need not be metallic and may comprise a ceramic, enamel or high temperature synthetic interposed at least at the interface juncture of the rim and inset.
  • a boundary layer for inhibiting . carbon migration is particularly important in low carbon inset materials such as stainless steel and other low car ⁇ bon alloys.
  • the boundary layer is not necessary and the rim can be directly cast to the inset without such additional pre ⁇ paration.
  • the cast flange rim on cooling adopts a tight shrink fit around the inset.
  • the fit can- be enhanced by providing a locking structure on the inset such as a groove or ridge at the interface of the cast rim and preformed inset. In certain castings the fit between the rim and insert adopts a metallurgical bond as well as a shrink fit.
  • the groove or ridge may be substantially reduced in size and in certain instances eliminated, where the structural integrity equals design specifications.
  • the metallurgical bond may be en ⁇ hanced, where certain carbon inhibiting boundary materials have a mutual bonding affinity for both the case rim and inset.
  • a flared end to the inset which on integration of the inset and rim, forms a restriction to slip displacement of the rim on the hub on connection in addition to providing a facing on the flange hub.
  • a flange connector fabricated in this manner allows all machining to be accomplished on the inset in ⁇ cluding inside surface, butting surface and weld chamfer.
  • the advantage of machining the relatively light weight inset is apparent. Not only is the handling facilitated, but the smaller diameter of the inset, as compared with the diameter of annular flange rim, allows a smaller lathe chuck to be utilized and hence when combined with the re ⁇ quizd weight of the part needed to be machined, allows the use of smaller machining equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a flange connector fabricated from the flange construction. process
  • FIG. 2 (A-E) are partial cross sectional views of the flange connector in sequential stages of fabrica ⁇ tion.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross sectional view of a modified embodiment.of the flange connection of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross sectional view of a second modified embodiment of the flange connector of FIG: 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial cross sectional view of a third modified embodiment of the flange connector of FIG. 1.
  • a preferred embodiment of a flange connector 10 is shown. It is to be understood that the specific configuration of the flange connector can be altered depending on the type of components or fittings used in a piping system.
  • the flange connector of FIG. 1 is of a type designed for butt welding to the end of a pipe. Representative alternate constructions for slip-on and socket connectors are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the flange connector 10 is fabricated with an inner hub 12 with a cast-on flange rim 14.
  • the two ele ⁇ ments form an integral bi-metallic flange unit.
  • the hub provides the connection site for welding the flange con ⁇ nector to a piping system component 15, here a pipe.
  • the flange rim provides the connection ring for mechanically coupling the flange connector to a cooperating flange on a pipe fitting or system component.
  • the flange rim is dis ⁇ placed sufficiently from the weld site so as to not be affected by the localized heat during the welding operar tion.
  • the flange hub 12 which for purposes of the fabrication procedure is more accurately designated an in ⁇ set, is formed from a forging or casting.
  • the forged or cast inset is comprised of a material compatible with the pipe to which it is to be connected in strength character ⁇ istics and in composition.
  • the composition must be suit ⁇ able not only for welding, bracing, soldering or other connection procedure, but for its service with regard to the nature of the fluid being transported since it is ex ⁇ pected that a portion of the inset have fluid contact.
  • the composition will be the same as the pipe or fitting .to which the inset is welded.
  • the inset may be
  • the inset 12 is preferably configured with a neck portion 16 having a chamfered end 18 which is butted to a simularly chamfered end portion of a pipe or fitting for a conventional single-vee groove weld joint.
  • the dia ⁇ meter of the conduit surface 20 inside the neck portion is euqal to the inside diameter of the pipe to which it is attached to provide a continuity of the flow passage for the liquid or gas fluid within the piping system.
  • the chamfered" end 18 is a flared end 22 with a facing 24, which provides a seat for a gasket (not shom) that is sandwiched between the end facing 24 of the inset and a similar facing of an opposed flange device (not shown) .
  • any contact of the fluid is therefore confined to the con ⁇ duit surface 20 of the inset or any exposed portion 26 of the facing 24. Assuming that an inert gasket is used, any seepage at the end facing will not cause a contamination of the fulid as the material of the facing is the same as the material of the conduit surface.
  • the inset may be of a cast or forged material.
  • the chambered end 18 and the flared end 20 need have the only surfaces requiring finish machining. In some services, it may be necessary to machine the inside conduit surface 20.
  • machining can be performed on the inset alone, prior to the addition of the flange rim, where the inset would form the inner hub.
  • the preferred configuration of the inset 12 in ⁇ cludes an outer recess 28 behind the flared end 20 which may be formed in the initial forging or casting or, if
  • This recess 28 pro ⁇ vides not only an absolute lock seating for the subse ⁇ quently cast outer rim 14, but provides reactant surfaces (R) resisting tortional forces as well as slip forces generated on bolt down of the flange connector to a simi ⁇ lar connector.
  • the outer flange rim 14 which comprises the seating and locating member for the bolts (not shown) that secure opposed flanges together, is cast directly onto the inner hub or inset. Because the outer rim is cast, it can be configured into a complex shape which maximized strength while at the same time minimizing weight.
  • the outer rim may be cast in a simplified flat thick plate shape instead of the more complex convoluted shape pre ⁇ ferred.
  • the preferred configuration of FIG. 1 includes an inset joining portion 30 which fills the recess 28 of the inset 12.
  • the inset portion includes a hollow 32 which re ⁇ Jerusalem the weight of the rim 14 and optimizes stress distri ⁇ bution and direction.
  • the inset portion 30 supports the convolute portion 32 formed by an inner ring portion 36, a concentric outer ring portion 38 and an interconnecting annular web portion 40.
  • the web portion 40 forms a bolting surface 42 and includes a plurality of spaced holes 44 for bolting to an opposed flange.
  • the two ring portions pro ⁇ vide the structural members which minimize deformation of the bolting surface on tightening of the connecting bolts.
  • This complex flange rim configuration is easily cast from a ductile iron material directly onto the inset.
  • the optimized design of the flange rim configuration is easily achieved by the cas-ting process and required no finish machining other than minor deburring. • It is wholly exterior of the fluid medium and therefore can be fabri ⁇ cated from the inexpensive, easily cast, ductile iron without regard to the nature of the fluid medium in the
  • a layer of carbon inhibiting boundary material is provided at least at the interface of the ductile iron and material of the inset.
  • This additional preparation can be directed at either the inner casting surface of the mold and/or to the surface of the inset, either in their en ⁇ tirely or locally at the interface juncture 43 of rim and inset. In the latter instance, application of the bound ⁇ ary layer to the inset is preferred for ease of applica ⁇ tion and avoidance of the mold gap at the inter ace.
  • Application of the boundary layer is described with refer ⁇ ence to FIGS.
  • one preferred combi ⁇ nation of materials for a bimetal flange utilizes a stain ⁇ less steel inset and a ductile iron rim.
  • a boundary layer of chromium is vapor deposited on the inset at the interface juncture of inset and rim.
  • FIGS. 2 (A-E) The steps in the fabrication of the bi-metallic flange connector are shown in FIGS. 2 (A-E) .
  • the inset 12 is rough forged or cast to shape.
  • the inset if necessary, can be wholly machined from rod stock, for example, where a particular material for a special service is available only in such form.
  • the rough forged or cast inset is prepared for the cast-on flange rim.
  • the inset is surface machined at least on the chamfered end 18 and at the flared end 20.
  • the inside conduit surface 20 may also be machined.
  • the outer surface is cleaned to improve the contact of the outer rim when cast.
  • a boundary material is provided, at least at the interface juncture of the inset and cast rim, by vapor depositing a boundary layer 45 of chromium metal on the outer recess 28 and edge of the flared end 22 of the inset.
  • the boundary layer 45 substantially inhibits migra ⁇ tion of carbon from the molten high carbon material of the rim to the low carbon material of the -inset.
  • the thickness of the layer is generally a fraction of a millimeter and depends on the boundary material selected, the method of layering, the permeability of the inset to migrating carbon, the carbon content of the rim material, and the degree of design tolerance for migrated carbon as it affects the properties of the inset. Where carbon contents of the materials of the rim and inset are approximately equal, or where carbon migration does not present a problem, the step of providing a boundary layer interposed between rim and inset, can be omitted.
  • the inset 12 is seated in a half segment 46 of a casting mold 48.
  • FIG. 2 (D) the other half segment 50 of the casting mold 48 is shown displaced against the first seg ⁇ ment, and, together with the interface surface 52 of the layered inset define a void having the configuration of the convoluted flange plate.
  • the void is filled with the cast molten ductile iron and partially cooled before re ⁇ moval of the casting molds and release of the flange con ⁇ nector.
  • the flange rim On final cooling the flange rim has a shrink fit connection and often a metallurgical connection to the inset or hub. The rim and inset become virtually one piece.
  • FIG. 2 (E) the flange connector 10 is deburred and ready for a protective coating or use.
  • other flange hub configurations can be formed to utilize the flange fabrication process in var ⁇ ious pipe systems.
  • a slip-on flange connector 54 is shown with a simplified inset 56.
  • the top end 58 is prepared preferably by machining for a fillet lap weld to the outside surface of the pipe.
  • the flange rim 60 is virtually identical to that shown in the preferred embodiment lacking only the recess to the inset in forming a hollow 62.
  • the socket inset 64 of FIG. 4 illustrates a further embodiment where socket connectors are required.
  • the shrink fit of the rim onto the inset without the recess in the inset provides a slightly less effective, but still adequately permanent interconnection. Any displacement of the rim on bolt tightening is prevented by the flared end 65.
  • FIG. 5 an inset 66 similar to that of FIG. 1 is shown with a rippled ridge and recess • interface surface 68.
  • the outer rim 70 naturally devel- opes a complimentary interface surface 72 providing a rigid interlock of the two components.
  • ridges and recesses which, circumvent the inset may be periodical ⁇ ly interrupted to eliminate any possibility of the rim rotating on the inset.
  • flange connector may be produced from the bimetal flange fabri ⁇ cation process described.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)

Abstract

Bride de raccordement bimetallique (10) pour la connexion de composants (15) d'un systeme de tuyauterie tel que des raccords ou tuyaux ou la bride de raccordement bimetallique (10) possede un moyeu ou insertion preforme (12) en un premier materiau metallique compatible avec les composants (15) du systeme de tuyauterie permettant le soudage, le brasage ou autre procede utilise pour la connexion de l'insertion (12) avec le composant du systeme de tuyauterie La bride de raccordement bimetallique (10) possede un pourtour (14) en un second materiau metallique coulable directement sur cette insertion (12). Le pourtour (14) est retenu sur l'insertion (12) par un ajustement par retrecissement lors du refroidissement, par une liaison metallurgique, en donnant a l'insertion la forme d'un organe de retenue preforme ou par une combinaison de ce qui precede. Pour certaines combinaisons, d'un materiau de l'insertion a faible teneur en carbone et d'un materiau du pourtour a teneur en carbone elevee, l'insertion (12) est preparee pour le pourtour coule (14) par l'interposition d'une couche frontiere (45) d'un materiau d'inhibition de transfert du carbone pour empecher la migration du carbone a partir du pourtour coule (14) et la degradation des proprietes de l'insertion (12). La bride de raccordement bimetallique (10) permet a l'insertion (12) d'etre fabriquee avec une seule composition ayant des caracteristiques desirables pour en assurer la connexion sur un composant (15) d'un systeme de tuyauterie et au pourtour (14) d'etre fabrique avec un second materiau ayant des caracteristiques desirables pour en assurer la connexion mecanique sur une bride d'accouplement; un mode preferentiel de realisation utilise une insertion en acier inoxydable (12), un pourtour ou couronne en fonte ductile (14) et une couche frontiere de chrome interposee (45) a la jonction de l'interface entre le pourtour et l'insertion.
EP19820900230 1980-12-01 1981-11-27 Bride de raccordement bimetallique Withdrawn EP0066604A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21202180A 1980-12-01 1980-12-01
US212021 1980-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0066604A1 true EP0066604A1 (fr) 1982-12-15

Family

ID=22789237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820900230 Withdrawn EP0066604A1 (fr) 1980-12-01 1981-11-27 Bride de raccordement bimetallique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0066604A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1982001927A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117696810B (zh) * 2024-02-05 2024-04-12 山西天宝集团有限公司 一种新能源风力发电分片式法兰装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1011430A (en) * 1911-11-10 1911-12-12 John B Henry Method of casting chilled rolls.
US1716833A (en) * 1926-03-06 1929-06-11 Riley Stoker Corp Method of casting
US3065535A (en) * 1955-06-10 1962-11-27 Gen Am Transport Methods of making coated metal bodies and composite metal sheets
GB838798A (en) * 1958-02-15 1960-06-22 Douglas Norman Manton Improvements in or relating to flanges or neck rings for metal pipes or bodies
GB859677A (en) * 1958-11-13 1961-01-25 Verk Metall Ab Improvements in or relating to pipe flanges
US3284112A (en) * 1963-12-11 1966-11-08 Horace T Potts Company Rotatable flange adjustable pipe coupling
DE2059486A1 (de) * 1970-12-03 1972-06-22 Wilhelm Schulz Flansch als UEberwurf oder Festflansch
JPS5413852B2 (fr) * 1972-01-17 1979-06-02
US3909049A (en) * 1973-06-07 1975-09-30 Joseph R Blatnica Welded pipe flange
JPS54160520A (en) * 1978-06-10 1979-12-19 Nippon Tungsten Metal enclosing casting by niip alloy paste

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8201927A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1982001927A1 (fr) 1982-06-10

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