EP0065282B1 - Buse d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents
Buse d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0065282B1 EP0065282B1 EP82104180A EP82104180A EP0065282B1 EP 0065282 B1 EP0065282 B1 EP 0065282B1 EP 82104180 A EP82104180 A EP 82104180A EP 82104180 A EP82104180 A EP 82104180A EP 0065282 B1 EP0065282 B1 EP 0065282B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hollow needle
- valve
- needle
- spray
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
- F02M61/045—The valves being provided with fuel discharge orifices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
Definitions
- the invention is based on a fuel injection nozzle according to the preamble of the independent claim.
- Injection nozzles of this type are distinguished by the fact that the section of the fuel channel which adjoins the valve seat downstream and is used for further fuel preparation and spray jet shaping can be designed and dimensioned relatively freely without obstruction by a closing member, and in addition that the fuel passes through the installation space for the closing spring is performed so that special measures to prevent or eliminate leak oil are eliminated.
- These injection nozzles therefore combine the advantages of nozzles with an inwardly opening valve needle (I nozzle) with those of nozzles with an outwardly opening valve needle (A nozzle), without, however, having their disadvantages.
- the hollow needle is supported in the closed position via the valve seat on the valve needle, which in turn rests on a shoulder fixed to the housing.
- the valve needle is pressed against the shoulder fixed to the housing by a spring.
- the valve seat is relatively heavily stressed and, moreover, in the open position of the valve, an exact position of the valve needle with respect to the hollow needle is not guaranteed because the valve needle is only held firmly on the stop fixed to the housing. It also appears disadvantageous that the bearing gap between the hollow needle and the nozzle body is not shielded against the combustion chamber of the machine in the closed position of the valve, so that the sliding properties of the hollow needle can deteriorate over time.
- a valve needle is displaceably mounted in a hollow needle, which forms a valve seat for the valve needle, which monitors the spray hole cross section, and is itself designed as a valve closing member, which also includes a valve seat formed on the nozzle body monitors the other spray hole cross section.
- the hollow needle and the valve needle are each provided with a pressure shoulder in a pressure chamber, which can be connected to a fuel supply line by means of a control slide. Because of the supply line to the pressure chambers, this design requires an enlarged outer diameter of the nozzle housing and is also associated with the characteristic disadvantage of J-nozzles that leak oil enters the closing spring chamber, which has to be removed.
- the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the independent claim has the advantage that the fuel is supplied via a common supply to both spray hole cross sections, so that a second chamber in the nozzle housing and a failure-prone membrane are eliminated.
- the two spray hole cross sections can be controlled in exact succession, the direction, size and number of spray holes in the two spray hole cross sections being largely freely selectable and adaptable to the requirements of the respective application.
- the means for retaining the valve needle only come into effect after a first partial stroke of the hollow needle corresponding to a pre-injection phase. It is thereby achieved that the one injection hole cross section is opened by the hollow needle and that the second injection hole cross section is only released by the valve needle at the beginning of the main injection phase. It is also achieved that after the first partial stroke of the hollow needle with the injection quantity, the closing pressure and thus the fuel pressure in front of the valves increases suddenly, so that in the partial and full load range of the internal combustion engine a perfect preparation of the fuel is guaranteed.
- the function of a conventional perforated nozzle with an inwardly opening valve needle is obtained with respect to the internal spray hole cross section, without taking measures to remove leakage oil.
- the hollow needle may be appropriate if the hollow needle has a blind hole downstream of the valve seat, from which the spray holes lead to the outside.
- the hollow needle can be appropriately according to the Features of claim 4 may be formed.
- An embodiment without spray holes in the nozzle body results if, according to claim 5, the spray holes in the hollow needle emerge from the guide bore of the nozzle body, forming the outer spray hole cross section after a partial stroke of the hollow needle.
- Figures 1 to 3 each show a partial section through one of the exemplary embodiments.
- the injection nozzle according to FIG. 1 has a nozzle body 10 which is clamped to a nozzle holder 14 by a screw body 12.
- a guide bore 16 for a hollow needle 18 and a bore 20 of larger diameter is formed in the nozzle body 10 and merges into the guide bore 16 on a shoulder 22.
- a projection 24 of the nozzle holder 14 protrudes into the bore 20, which is provided with a bore 26 and at the front end with a smaller opening 28, the cross section of which has two surfaces.
- a shoulder 30 fixed to the housing and having a circumferential contact surface is turned away from the injection-side end of the nozzle. forms.
- the hollow needle 18 has a longitudinal bore 36 extending from its upper end face 32, which leads to a conical valve seat 38, to which a blind hole 40 with spray holes 41, 42 leading to the outside is connected downstream in the end face of the hollow needle 18 designed as a crest 43 .
- the hollow needle 18 is provided with a section 48 which is slightly weakened in the outer diameter and which, in the vicinity of its transition to an un weakened section 50 guided in the nozzle body 10, has a transverse bore 52.
- the section 48 is followed at the top by a head 54 provided with two surfaces, which, with the required play, protrudes into the opening 28 and secures the hollow needle 18 against rotation.
- a conical annular shoulder 56 is further formed in the vicinity of the valve seat 38, which cooperates with a correspondingly shaped counter shoulder 58 at the front end of the nozzle body 10.
- a closing spring 60 is arranged in the bore 20, which is supported at the bottom on a flange 62 of a bush 64 resting on the shoulder 22, which surrounds the section 48 of the hollow needle 18 with play. At the upper end, the closing spring 60 engages a pressure ring 66 which abuts an annular shoulder 68 of the hollow needle 18 formed between the section 48 and the head 54.
- the upward stroke (closing stroke) of the hollow needle 18 caused by the closing spring 60 is limited by the shoulders 56 and 58 on the hollow needle 18 and nozzle body 10, which are designed as valve surfaces and, in the closed position of the hollow needle 18, counter the bearing gap between the latter and the nozzle body 10 seal the combustion chamber.
- a valve needle 70 is displaceably guided in the longitudinal bore 36 of the hollow needle 18 and has a sealing cone 72 which cooperates with the valve seat 38 at the end on the injection side.
- the sealing cone 72 is formed on a section 74 of the valve needle 70 which is somewhat weakened in diameter and which merges on a shoulder 76 into the unattenuated section of the valve needle 70.
- the shoulder 76 lies somewhat above the transverse bore 52 in the hollow needle 18, so that the annular space 78 formed between the section 74 of the valve needle 70 and the wall of the longitudinal bore 36 in the hollow needle 18 via the transverse bore 52, the ring play between the hollow needle 18 and the bushing 64 , and via one or more transverse bores 80 in the bushing 64 is connected to the bore 20 in the nozzle body 10.
- the valve needle 70 protrudes a bit from the hollow needle 18 at the top and is provided there with an annular collar 82, on the upper end face of which a valve spring 84 engages, which is supported on a threaded bushing 86 screwed into the bore 26.
- the valve spring 84 endeavors to press the valve needle 70 against the valve seat 38 in the hollow needle 18. This succeeds in the one shown in the drawing. Closed position of the hollow needle 18, in which the collar 82 of the valve needle 70 is still removed from the shoulder 30 on the nozzle holder 14 by the stroke h.
- the collar 82 lies against the shoulder 30, after which the valve needle 70 is prevented from moving along with the hollow needle 18.
- the total stroke h 2 of the hollow needle 18 is limited by the bushing 64, on the upper end of which the pressure ring 66 comes to rest.
- the threaded bushing 86 is provided with a bore 88 for supplying the fuel.
- the fuel path then leads via the bore 26 and an edge recess 90 surrounding the shoulder 30 in the neck 24 of the nozzle holder 14 into the bore 20, where the fuel acts on the end face 32 of the hollow needle 18 and on this force opposing the closing spring 60 in the direction of Combustion chamber.
- the fuel passes through the transverse bore 52 in the hollow needle 18 into the annular space 78 between the hollow needle 18 and the valve needle 70 and exerts a further force on the hollow needle 18 via the narrow annular surface 92 above the valve seat 38.
- the fuel also exerts a downward-acting resulting force on the valve needle 70, which, in support of the valve spring 84, presses the valve needle 70 against the valve seat 38.
- the hollow needle 18 there is a ring of slightly oblique spray close to the shoulder 56 holes 93 are arranged, which emerge from the guide bore 16 before the hollow needle 18 comes into contact with the hub 64 during its stroke.
- the hollow needle 18 therefore itself becomes a valve closing member for an outer spray hole cross section I, which is upstream of the inner spray hole cross section II formed by the spray holes 41, 42.
- the spray holes 93 are sealed in the closed position of the hollow needle 18 by an overlap h 3 and by the valve formed between the shoulders 56 and 58 against the combustion chamber.
- the hollow needle When the fuel pressure rises at the beginning of an injection stroke, the hollow needle is moved downward out of the nozzle body 10 by compressing the closing spring 60. Under the influence of the valve spring 84 and the fuel pressure, the valve needle 70 can only follow this movement by the small distance h 1 , after which the collar 82 strikes the shoulder 30 and forces a relative movement of the valve needle 70 with respect to the hollow needle 18 which is moving on.
- the inner spray hole cross section II is released. Shortly before the pressure ring 66 hits the bush 64, the spray holes 93 emerge from the guide bore 16, as a result of which the outer spray hole cross section I is also released.
- the relative movement between the hollow needle 18 and the valve needle 70 has approximately the same effect in relation to the fuel control in the spray-out area as an inwardly moving valve needle when the valve seat is stationary.
- the arrangement described has the advantage that a leakage oil flow in the guide of the valve needle 70 or the hollow needle 18 is not disruptive or does not occur and therefore no means for its removal need to be provided.
- the closing spring 60 returns the hollow needle 18 to the starting position, in which it strikes with its shoulder 56 on the shoulder 58 of the nozzle body 10.
- the outer spray hole cross section I is closed again.
- the valve needle 70 hits the valve seat 38, after which the fuel outlet from the inner spray hole cross section II is also interrupted.
- the valve needle 70 then lifts from the shoulder 30 by the stroke h 1 .
- the stroke h 1 is dimensioned just so large in view of the tolerances to be permitted in production that the valve needle 70 can rest safely on the valve seat 38 in the closed position of the hollow needle 18.
- the two shoulders 56, 58 lying one on top of the other prevent the combustion gases from accessing the bearing gap of the hollow needle 18 and the spray hole cross section I.
- the hollow needle 18 also controls an outer and an inner spray hole cross section I or 11.
- the outer spray hole cross section I is formed by spray holes 94, 96 in the nozzle body 10, which include different angles to the nozzle axis.
- the hollow needle 18 is provided with a transverse bore 98 and an annular groove 100 in the circumference of the jacket, into which the transverse bore 98 opens at both ends.
- the collar 82 of the valve needle 70 is here removed from the shoulder 30 fixed to the housing by the partial stroke h 1 , which is no longer only used to eliminate manufacturing tolerances but also to control the two spray hole cross sections I and 11 as a function of the stroke.
- the outer spray hole cross section I is first opened via the annular groove 100, the valve spring 84 holding the valve needle 70 against the valve seat 38 of the hollow needle 18.
- the valve needle 70 is retained relative to the latter, as a result of which the inner spray hole cross section 11 is also opened.
- the processes described take place in the reverse order.
- the arrangement could also be made by appropriate choice of the distance of the transverse bore 98 from the sealing cone 72 on the valve needle 70 so that the sealing cone 72 lifts off the valve seat 38 and only then is the outer spray hole cross section I opened.
- the injection nozzle according to FIG. 2 also has the advantage that when the internal spray hole cross section II is opened and the associated increase in the overall spray hole cross section increases, a pressure jump occurs in the closing force, which is caused by the interception of the force of the valve spring 84 and advantageously ensures that that the fuel is then processed and atomized as well as in the first partial stroke h 1 .
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from the one described above only in that the shoulder 56 of the hollow needle 18 is arranged upstream of the outer spray hole cross section I and cooperates with an inner shoulder 58 of the nozzle body 10.
- the shoulders 56 and 58 which cooperate in the closed position like a valve, additionally seal the annular space 78 against the outer spray hole cross section I.
- the spray sequence can also be reversed with respect to the spray hole cross sections I and II.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3120044 | 1981-05-20 | ||
DE19813120044 DE3120044A1 (de) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-05-20 | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19813130621 DE3130621A1 (de) | 1981-08-01 | 1981-08-01 | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
DE3130621 | 1981-08-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0065282A1 EP0065282A1 (fr) | 1982-11-24 |
EP0065282B1 true EP0065282B1 (fr) | 1985-10-09 |
Family
ID=25793394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82104180A Expired EP0065282B1 (fr) | 1981-05-20 | 1982-05-13 | Buse d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4526323A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0065282B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3266767D1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3429471C2 (de) * | 1984-08-10 | 1987-04-30 | L'Orange GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
WO1988008081A1 (fr) * | 1987-04-07 | 1988-10-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Moteur a combustion interne |
JP2537983Y2 (ja) * | 1990-12-21 | 1997-06-04 | 株式会社ゼクセル | 燃料噴射ノズル |
JPH09177640A (ja) * | 1995-12-15 | 1997-07-11 | Caterpillar Inc | 高サック容積を有する燃料噴射器による燃焼排気ガス清浄化システムとその方法 |
US6000638A (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-12-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Apparatus for strengthening a fuel injector tip member |
GB9903496D0 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 1999-04-07 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector |
GB9905231D0 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 1999-04-28 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector |
US6173913B1 (en) | 1999-08-25 | 2001-01-16 | Caterpillar Inc. | Ceramic check for a fuel injector |
GB9922408D0 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 1999-11-24 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector |
GB0021296D0 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2000-10-18 | Ricardo Consulting Eng | A dual mode fuel injector |
AU2002232714A1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-06 | Trexel, Inc. | Valve for injection molding |
US6886762B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2005-05-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Nozzle insert for dual mode fuel injector |
US6843434B2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2005-01-18 | Caterpillar Inc | Dual mode fuel injector with one piece needle valve member |
US7032566B2 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2006-04-25 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector nozzle for an internal combustion engine |
CN101307741B (zh) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-06-16 | 浙江大学 | 发动机燃料缸内直接喷射装置 |
WO2015149039A2 (fr) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | Quantlogic Corporation | Injecteur de carburant souple pour injection de carburant simple et double |
CN110023616B (zh) * | 2016-11-30 | 2021-11-09 | 日立安斯泰莫株式会社 | 燃料喷射装置 |
CN113775433B (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2023-04-14 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种发动机燃烧系统 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0024803A1 (fr) * | 1979-09-04 | 1981-03-11 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Dispositif d'injection de combustible |
EP0028288A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-31 | 1981-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Buse d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1333541A (en) * | 1916-10-09 | 1920-03-09 | Samuel P Cowardin | Fuel-injector for internal-combustion engines |
US2063709A (en) * | 1933-03-25 | 1936-12-08 | Taylor John Leonard | Atomizer |
GB633857A (en) * | 1947-01-27 | 1949-12-30 | Istvan Gyorgy Kammer | Improvements in fuel injectors for internal combustion engines |
DE828327C (de) * | 1950-04-02 | 1952-01-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzventil |
FR1040381A (fr) * | 1951-08-08 | 1953-10-14 | Injecteur pour moteur à explosion | |
IT1150819B (it) * | 1981-04-14 | 1986-12-17 | Lucas Ind Plc | Ugelli di iniezione di combustibile |
-
1982
- 1982-05-13 DE DE8282104180T patent/DE3266767D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-05-13 EP EP82104180A patent/EP0065282B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-05-20 US US06/380,376 patent/US4526323A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0024803A1 (fr) * | 1979-09-04 | 1981-03-11 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Dispositif d'injection de combustible |
EP0028288A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-31 | 1981-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Buse d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4526323A (en) | 1985-07-02 |
DE3266767D1 (en) | 1985-11-14 |
EP0065282A1 (fr) | 1982-11-24 |
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