EP0062816A1 - Überspannungsschutzgerät - Google Patents

Überspannungsschutzgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062816A1
EP0062816A1 EP82102593A EP82102593A EP0062816A1 EP 0062816 A1 EP0062816 A1 EP 0062816A1 EP 82102593 A EP82102593 A EP 82102593A EP 82102593 A EP82102593 A EP 82102593A EP 0062816 A1 EP0062816 A1 EP 0062816A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
electrodes
overvoltage protection
extinguishing
protection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82102593A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emil Lange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0062816A1 publication Critical patent/EP0062816A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
    • H01T1/08—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01T1/10—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid with extinguishing fluid evolved from solid material by heat of arc

Definitions

  • Surge protection devices are known for switching off overvoltages, in which the arc burns between electrodes (arcing horns) which are at a certain distance and angle from one another.
  • a metallic separator is provided between the electrodes, which is used to prevent accidental voltage flashovers and short circuits between the electrodes and to divide the arc.
  • Devices for arc extinguishing are also known, in particular electrical switches in which the electrodes or the other parts on which the arc base points burn are made of an arc extinguishing material.
  • This material has a certain electrical conductivity and, due to the heat of the arc base, emits arc-quenching gases, in particular electronegative gases, and forms arc-quenching substances.
  • This material consists of metallic and non-metallic, arc extinguishing substances. The excellent quenching effect of this material is due to the fact that the quenching process mainly takes place in the arc base.
  • the following chemical material mixtures are to be distinguished.
  • the arc-extinguishing material consists of an inorganic, higher-melting substance, such as silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) or another substance of the same effect, for reducing the current and for extinguishing the arc.
  • the arc-quenching material consists of both substances for the generation of arc-quenching gases (in particular electronegative gases) as well as inorganic, higher-melting substances.
  • the electrodes are used to improve the mode of operation and to increase the breaking capacity of the overvoltage protection device. dressed with an electrically conductive arc extinguishing material or formed from an arc-extinguishing material so that electronegative gases SF 6 , SeFg ..) or under the influence of chemical bases (fluorine, sulfur, selenium, etc.). inert gases (CO 2 ..) are split off or arcing substances are formed by inorganic, higher melting substances, such as silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ).
  • the arc extinguishing material consists of a mixture of metallic and non-metallic substances, the electrical conductivity as well as the mode of operation being determined beforehand by the choice of the proportions of metallic and non-metallic substances. It is advantageous if the electrical conductivity and the mode of action of the arc-quenching material are different on the total length of the electrodes and the separating piece, and the electrical conductivity is lower, in particular at the flashover point between the electrodes, than at the opposite ends of the electrodes. To increase the mode of operation, the two electrodes facing each other can also be covered with arc-quenching material of different conductivity and mode of operation.
  • an arc-proof insulating compound such as aminoplasts, molecular sieves. pressed together with this insulating compound.
  • an extinguishing gas such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) etc.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show an exemplary embodiment with electrodes cast into the insulating compound.
  • the overvoltage protection device consists of the insulators 1 and t, which are firmly connected by the connecting piece 3 and onto which the power connection caps 4 and 5 are glued.
  • the carriers 6, 7, which hold the electrodes (arcing horns) 8, 9, are fastened to the power connection caps 4, 5 wear.
  • a metallic separator 10 is attached to the connector 3.
  • the electrodes 8, 9 and the separating piece 10 are clad with the arc-quenching material 11, 12, 13 in a mechanically and electrically conductive manner.
  • the electrodes 8, 9 and the separator 10 consist of the arc-extinguishing material, which consists of metallic substances, such as silver, nickel, iron, etc., and non-metallic substances, which consists of fluorine, sulfur, selenium ... containing chemical compounds.
  • the overvoltage protection device works as follows.
  • the arc burns at the narrowest point between the electrodes 8, 9 and the separating piece 10.
  • the arc base deletes the quenching gases from the arc-extinguishing material 11, 12, 13 or, if the mixture contains an inorganic, higher melting point Substance such as silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) is contained, so the arc can be extinguished under certain circumstances. If not extinguished, the arc extends and runs up through the arc base points on the arc-extinguishing material 11, 12, 13 of the electrodes 8, 9 and the separator 10, the speed being increased by the pressure generation and the quenching gases over the entire length of the electrodes . of the separator are split off. The arc is then easily extinguished by the extinguishing process taking place in the arc base and the length of the arc.
  • FIG. 1 The total length of the electrodes (arcing horns) 20, 21 and the separating piece 22 is divided into sections A, B, C for the clothing with the arc-quenching material.
  • a mixture 23 with a very low electrical conductivity is arranged, e.g. 15% metallic and 85% non-metallic, arc extinguishing substances.
  • section B there is a mixture 24 with a medium electrical conductivity, e.g. 25% metallic and 75% non-metallic, arc extinguishing substances.
  • a medium electrical conductivity e.g. 25% metallic and 75% non-metallic, arc extinguishing substances.
  • a mixture 25 acts with a very high electrical conductivity, e.g. 45% metallic and 65% non-metallic, arc extinguishing substances.
  • the mixture 23 produces a very large extinguishing gas which already extinguishes the arc with a short length burning arc allows. If not extinguished, on the other hand, the arc base points are driven to the mixtures 24 and 25 in sections B and C with greater electrical conductivity, where the arc process is extinguished by the extinguishing process taking place in the arc base points and the arc length.
  • an arcing horn can be replaced by a pin electrode formed from an arc-extinguishing material, which is opposite the other arcing horn in such a way that the arc base burning there is driven to the tip of this arcing horn.
  • the high breaking capacity of the overvoltage protection device described in the invention makes it necessary, on the one hand, to guide both the arc base points and the hot gases of the arc column during the quenching process in such a way that the arc base points cannot leave the arc-quenching electrodes and the hot gases surrounding the arc core only are located in a specific area between the electrodes. On the other hand, it is necessary that there is a very good electrical connection between the electrodes and the power supply line.
  • the arc-quenching electrodes are cast together with an arc-proof insulating compound. pressed together.
  • the overvoltage protection device consists of the insulators 30 and 31, which are firmly connected by the connecting piece 32 and onto which the power connection caps 33 and 34 are cemented.
  • the carriers 35 and 36 which carry the arc-quenching electrodes 37 and 38, are fastened to the power connection caps 33, 34.
  • These electrodes 37, 38 consist of mixtures of metallic and non-metallic, arc-extinguishing substances and, together with the plates 39 and 40, which serve as the electrical feed line, form a mechanically solid body with a very good electrical conductivity between the plates 39, 40 and the electrodes 37, 38 .
  • the connection bolts 41, 42 are fastened in the plates 39, 40, through which the current is supplied by means of the supports 35, 36 and the displaceably arranged support pieces 43, 44.
  • the two solid bodies are cast or insulated into the arc-proof insulating compound 45 and 46 . pressed together with the entire electrode.
  • the insulating compound 45, 46 In order to also use the insulating compound 45, 46 for the extinguishing process, it consists of substances that emit extinguishing gases due to the heat from the arc - both from the nearby arc base and from the hot gases from the arc column.
  • the insulating compound 45, 46 can be made, for example, of uncharged
  • an extinguishing gas such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) etc.
  • SF 6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • C0 2 carbon dioxide
  • aminoplastics which are mixed with certain chemical substances, in order to then release favorable extinguishing gases for the extinguishing process by the heat of the arc.
  • a metallic separator 13, 22 is provided between the electrodes 11, 12 and 25, 26, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the sheathing of the electrodes 37, 38 by the insulating compound 45, 46 makes it possible to dispense with the arrangement of the separators 13, 22; by extending the insulating compound 48.49 over the tips of the electrodes 37.38.
  • the electrode shape 37, 38 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be made very narrow and (or) longer, corresponding to the current and voltage conditions. It is also advantageous to increase the insulating compound 45, 46 via the electrodes 37, 38 so that they are embedded openly by the insulating compound.
  • the arc base points burn at the narrowest point, the opposing electrodes 37, 38, and the arcing of the chemical compounds in the electrodes 37, 38 releases electronegative, inert or other, cheap extinguishing gases while increasing the pressure.
  • These quenching gases act through the arc base directly on the arc core (plasma phase) and thus on the movement, which begins in the arc base, of the electrons used to transport the current.
  • These split-off quenching gases also act indirectly on the arc column (gas phase).
  • the arc base points migrate to the tips of the electrodes 37, 38, where the arc extinguishing takes place, supported by the elongated arc.
  • the electrodes 37, 38 can be made of different arc-quenching substances, respectively, in terms of their overall length, both in terms of their mode of action and in terms of their electrical conductivity. Mixtures exist. - In order to support the quenching process in the arc base by means of an effective pressure extinguishing agent flow, substances are used for the chemical compounds in the electrodes 37, 38, which not only emit electronegative gases etc., but also generate a large increase in pressure. This is achieved, for example, by an electrode which consists only of a mixture of metallic substances and molecular sieves; the other electrode, on the other hand, consists of substances that emit metallic and electronic gases. With these opposing electrodes, the quenching process at the arc base is supported by a very effective flow of pressure extinguishing agent onto the arc column.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
EP82102593A 1981-04-03 1982-03-27 Überspannungsschutzgerät Withdrawn EP0062816A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8106739A FR2503471A1 (fr) 1981-04-03 1981-04-03 Dispositif d'extinction d'arcs electriques, en particulier eclateur
FR8106739 1981-04-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0062816A1 true EP0062816A1 (de) 1982-10-20

Family

ID=9256982

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82102593A Withdrawn EP0062816A1 (de) 1981-04-03 1982-03-27 Überspannungsschutzgerät

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0062816A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2503471A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103414108A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2013-11-27 深圳供电局有限公司 一种新型羊角组合间隙

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2770939B1 (fr) * 1997-11-12 2000-01-28 Soule Materiel Electr Dispositif eclateur pour la protection de lignes electriques et/ou d'appareils electriques contre des surtensions temporaires

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE184505C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US1483540A (en) * 1919-05-12 1924-02-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Lightning arrester
FR676756A (fr) * 1929-04-05 1930-02-27 Oerlikon Maschf Dispositif de protection contre la surtension pour installations électriques à basse tension de service
DE624431C (de) * 1934-03-08 1936-01-21 Oerlikon Maschf Schalter mit Lichtbogenhoernern
US2608599A (en) * 1949-09-21 1952-08-26 Gen Electric Arc extinguishing device
DE2513242A1 (de) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-16 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Lichtbogentrennelement zum anbau an elektrische schalter
FR2293050A1 (fr) * 1974-11-29 1976-06-25 Siemens Ag Dispositif de separation d'arc, en particulier pour sectionneur de ligne de contact aerienne

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE184505C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US1483540A (en) * 1919-05-12 1924-02-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Lightning arrester
FR676756A (fr) * 1929-04-05 1930-02-27 Oerlikon Maschf Dispositif de protection contre la surtension pour installations électriques à basse tension de service
DE624431C (de) * 1934-03-08 1936-01-21 Oerlikon Maschf Schalter mit Lichtbogenhoernern
US2608599A (en) * 1949-09-21 1952-08-26 Gen Electric Arc extinguishing device
DE2513242A1 (de) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-16 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Lichtbogentrennelement zum anbau an elektrische schalter
FR2293050A1 (fr) * 1974-11-29 1976-06-25 Siemens Ag Dispositif de separation d'arc, en particulier pour sectionneur de ligne de contact aerienne

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103414108A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2013-11-27 深圳供电局有限公司 一种新型羊角组合间隙
CN103414108B (zh) * 2013-08-21 2015-07-29 深圳供电局有限公司 一种羊角组合间隙

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2503471A1 (fr) 1982-10-08
FR2503471B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1984-09-21

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