EP0062498B1 - Flammreparaturspritzen einer feuerfesten Zustellung - Google Patents

Flammreparaturspritzen einer feuerfesten Zustellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062498B1
EP0062498B1 EP19820301717 EP82301717A EP0062498B1 EP 0062498 B1 EP0062498 B1 EP 0062498B1 EP 19820301717 EP19820301717 EP 19820301717 EP 82301717 A EP82301717 A EP 82301717A EP 0062498 B1 EP0062498 B1 EP 0062498B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
patching material
refractory
temperature
fuel powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820301717
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0062498A1 (de
Inventor
Tadashi Morimoto
Takao Suzuki
Masuto Shimizu
Motoyasu Yaji
Masaaki Tsukamoto
Shigeru Ogura
Seiji Watanabe
Ryoji Uchimura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP5138781A external-priority patent/JPS5947832B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP5139481A external-priority patent/JPS5942230B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP5139681A external-priority patent/JPS5942231B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP5139881A external-priority patent/JPS5942232B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP5138981A external-priority patent/JPS6014278B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP5138581A external-priority patent/JPS57166479A/ja
Application filed by Kawasaki Steel Corp filed Critical Kawasaki Steel Corp
Priority to AT82301717T priority Critical patent/ATE12426T1/de
Publication of EP0062498A1 publication Critical patent/EP0062498A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0062498B1 publication Critical patent/EP0062498B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/441—Equipment used for making or repairing linings
    • C21C5/443—Hot fettling; Flame gunning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
    • B22D41/023—Apparatus used for making or repairing linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
    • F27D1/1642—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus
    • F27D1/1647—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus the projected materials being partly melted, e.g. by exothermic reactions of metals (Al, Si) with oxygen
    • F27D1/1652—Flame guniting; Use of a fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
    • F27D1/1642—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus
    • F27D1/1647—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus the projected materials being partly melted, e.g. by exothermic reactions of metals (Al, Si) with oxygen
    • F27D1/1652—Flame guniting; Use of a fuel
    • F27D2001/1657—Solid fuel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to flame gunning of refractory linings, and more particularly to a method of properly and efficiently repairing refractory linings by a flame gunning process with a minimum repairing cost and a feeding apparatus of patching materials used in the operation of this method.
  • refining In the refining of molten metal or similar treatments (hereinafter simply referred to as refining), there are usually used vessels lined with refractory, such as converter, ladle and the like. In these vessels, the refractory lining is subjected to violent refining reaction by directly contacting with high-temperature molten metal and molten slag, so that the melting loss and other damages are caused in the lining during the repeated use.
  • the flame gunning is effective for repairing the refractory lining (hereinafter simply referred to as lining) in the refining vessel such as converter or the like at the operated state of the vessel.
  • the patching material obtained by previously mixing refractory particles with carbonaceous powder, preferably coke powder as a solid fuel is gunned toward the damaged lining surface on the inner wall of the vessel together with oxygen gas, during which the refractory particles are fused or semi-fused in a high-temperature flame produced by the burning of coke powder with oxygen gas, whereby a strong deposit layer is obtained on the inner wall surface of the vessel to be collided with the refractory particles.
  • the flame temperature during the burning is necessary to be higher than the melting point of the refractory particle.
  • the flame temperature during the burning by the flame gunning process or waste gas temperature after the burning is determined by solving the following simultaneous equations (1) and (2): wherein Q is a quantity of heat introduced, Q 1 is a sensible heat of waste gas after the burning, Q 2 is heat of dissipation, T is a temperature of waste gas, T w is a temperature of an inner wall surface of the vessel, V is a volume of waste gas, Cp v is a specific heat of waste gas, Cp w is a specific heat of patching material, W is an amount of patching material, A is a heat transfer area, a is a Stefan-boltzmann's constant, e GW is an emissivity between flame and inner wall surface, and T AIR is an atmospheric temperature.
  • the heat transfer area A included in the equation (1) indicates a size of the vessel. Therefore, the flame gunning conditions for the patching material must be changed with the increase of the heat transfer area A, otherwise the flame temperature lowers.
  • the vessels to be renewed or repaired have various different sizes, an example of which includes ladles mainly used in the transportation and treatment of molten metal, converters as a typical example of refining vessel, and the like.
  • the refractory lining formed on the inner wall of the vessel is gradually thinned, that is, the internal volume or inner surface area of the vessel is enlarged, and consequently there may be caused a fear of holding no necessary flame gunning ability in compliance with the enlarged degree of the internal volume.
  • the temperature of the inner wall surface can substantially accurately be estimated from the operating conditions of the refining vessel. Therefore, by changing the feed rate of the patching material per unit time and the ratio of coke included in the patching material in consideration of the internal volume of the vessel, a proper deposit layer of refractory particles can be obtained at a necessary burning flame temperature.
  • the feed rate per unit time must be increased as the internal volume of the vessel increases to require the increase of gunning amount necessary for the repairing, but may be limited by the restrictions of the flame gunning apparatus.
  • the apparatus is disadvantageously required to be made large. In the latter case, therefore, it is advantageous to increase the ratio of coke included in the patching material.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 are shown influences of different feed rates having a coke ratio of 30% and 40% on the flame temperature at various inner wall surface temperatures, respectively.
  • the measurement was carried out in a converter provided with a flame gunning apparatus and having heat transfer area of 128 m 2 and natural magnesia was used as a refractory particle.
  • the ratio of coke powder to be mixed and the feed rate of the patching material per unit time can be controlled easily, while the temperature of the inner wall surface of the vessel changes in accordance with refining operation states just before the repairing, losttime up to the beginning of the refining and the like and gradually rises with the advance of the flame gunning to bring about the rising of the flame temperature. Therefore, the feature that the inner wall surface temperature is always measured during the flame gunning is particularly significant in the actual operation forthe flame gunning.
  • the prior art as previously mentioned only discloses that the patching material to be used contains a relatively large amount of coke in order to surely fuse the refractory particles.
  • a heat quantity fairly larger than the theoretically required one is supplied into the flame gunning system, so that the heat efficiency becomes poor and the cost is too expensive.
  • the coke ratio is reduced so as to improve the heat efficiency, if the inner wall surface temperature is unsatisfactorily low, there can not be obtained a flame temperature enough to fuse the refractory particles, so that the greater part of the patching material becomes wasteful without contributing to the flame gunning and the required repairing is not attained.
  • the inner wall surface temperature is low at the initial stage of the flame gunning and gradually rises with the advance of the flame gunning. If it is intended to continue the flame gunning operation under the feed rate and coke ratio adapted for the inner wall surface temperature at the initial stage, the combustion heat quantity of coke powder becomes wasteful owing to the rising of the inner wall surface temperature at the last stage. While, if it is intended to continue the flame gunning operation under the feed rate and coke ratio adapted for the inner wall surface temperature at the last stage, the refractory particles are not fused at the initial stage and are wasted.
  • the invention has been based on the fact that the bonding ability of refractory particles to the lining is good when the flame gunning is performed at a high flame temperature or when the coke ratio is high.
  • a patching material consisting of refractory particles and carbonaceous fuel powder is flame-gunned together with an oxygen containing gas to fuse or semi-fuse the refractory particles in a region surrounded by high-temperature flame and struck against the surface of the refractory lining to produce a deposit layer of the refractory particles
  • the improvement wherein a patching material having a higher mixing ratio of fuel powder or only the fuel powder is flame-gunned at an initial stage of the repairing and subsequently patching materials, in which the mixing ratio of fuel powder is lowered stepwise, are flame-gunned in order with the progress of the repairing, during which a blow rate of the oxygen containing gas is controlled in accordance with the change of the mixing ratio of fuel powder in the patching material.
  • the flame temperature is optimized by selecting or adjusting the mixing ratio of refractory particle to fuel powder in the patching material in accordance with the change of temperature rising on the inner wall surface of the vessel, or by selecting or adjusting a feed rate per unit time of the patching material consisting of refractory particles and fuel powder and a mixing ratio of fuel powder included in the patching material in accordance with the change of temperature rising on the inner wall surface of the vessel. Further, at least one of the feed rate per unit time of the patching material consisting of refractory particles and fuel powder and the mixing ratio of fuel powder included in the patching material is previously set in accordance with the size of the vessel to be repaired, the enlargement of the damaged area and the inner wall surface temperature of the vessel.
  • the oxygen containing gas is blown in such an amount that the oxygen content in the gas is substantially less than the theoretical amount required for complete combustion of fuel powder.
  • the refractory particles are such a material or blend that the melting point of the refractory particle exceeds the temperature level of the vessel under the operating conditions but is small in the difference between both temperatures.
  • an apparatus for feeding a patching material which is communicated with a flame gunning lance of multiple concentric tubes to form a passage for the patching material, a passage for an oxygen containing gas and passages for feeding and returning a cooling liquid, comprising at least two separate tanks for storing the patching material, a pipeline for the patching material provided with a flow control valve and extending from each of the tanks to the passage for the patching material, a pipeline for a carrier gas provided with a flow control valve and connected to each of the tanks and pipelines for the patching material, and a pipeline for the oxygen containing gas provided with a flow control valve and communicating with the passage for the oxygen containing gas.
  • the refractory particles and fuel powder may be separately charged into the tanks, or at least two patching materials having different mixing ratios of refractory particle to fuel powder may be reserved in at least two separate tanks.
  • the mixing ratio of refractory particle to fuel powder can be changed in accordance with the state of the inner wall surface of the vessel to be repaired.
  • the flame gunning lance may be used as a mixer for the fuel powder and the oxygen containing gas so as to develop the function of burner. Therefore, when repairing the inner wall of the refining vessel wherein the inner wall surface temperature is relatively low (e.g.
  • the fuel powder alone or the patching material having a higher mixing ratio of fuel powder is first fed at the initial stage of the repairing and thereafter the patching material having a higher mixing ratio of refractory particles is fed so as to finally achieve a proper mixing ratio of refractory particle of 60-70% as the inner wall surface temperature gradually rises.
  • the inner wall surface temperature of the vessel to be repaired is first measured by means of a radiation pyrometer before the start of the repairing, from which is estimated a change of the inner wall surface temperature during the flame gunning, whereby the feed rate of the patching material and the mixing ratio of fuel powder are determined.
  • a thermocouple or the like is embedded in the lining of the vessel to directly measure the temperature of the lining and the same operation as described above can surely be performed on the basis of the measured value.
  • the measurement of the inner wall surface temperature may be performed by any measuring devices usually used in this field.
  • Fig. 3 is shown an embodiment of the apparatus for use in the flame gunning process operated according to the temperature of the inner wall of the vessel measured by the thermocouple embedded therein.
  • numeral 1 is a self-propelled truck for operating a flame gunning lance g
  • numeral 2 a tank for storing refractory particles
  • numeral 3 a tank for storing coke powder as a fuel
  • numeral 4 a pipeline for transporting a patching material consisting of refractory particles and coke powder
  • numeral 5 a pipeline for an oxygen gas
  • numerals 6 and 7 pipelines for feeding and returning a cooling water
  • numeral 8 a thermocouple embedded in an inner wall of a converter C
  • numeral 9 a control unit
  • numerals 10 and 10' flow control valves for adjusting the pressure inside the tanks 2 and 3
  • numeral 12 a flow control valve for oxygen gas
  • alphabet f a gunning flame.
  • thermocouple 8 the lining temperature on the inner wall of the converter C is measured by the thermocouple 8.
  • the feed rate of the patching material and blow rate of oxygen gas are adjusted through the control unit 9 based on the above measured temperature. Thereafter, the flame gunning is carried out at the top end of the flame gunning lance g.
  • the refractory particles and coke powder are supplied from the respective tanks 2,3 into the pipeline 4 for the transportation of the patching material in feed rates determined by adjusting openings of flow control valves 10, 10', 11, 11' in accordance with the outputs of the control unit 9.
  • the flow rate of oxygen gas is controlled by the flow control valve 12 so as to achieve approximately the theoretical amount required for complete combustion of the given flow rate of coke powder.
  • the mixing ratio of coke powder is determined on the basis of the lining temperature measured by the thermocouple in order to provide a flame temperature required for fusing the refractory particles, so that the blow rate of oxygen gas is determined by adjusting the opening of the flow control valve 12 in accordance with the output of the control unit 9 based on the determined mixing ratio of coke powder.
  • the refractory particles and coke powder are separately stored in the tanks 2 and 3, but plural patching materials having different mixing ratios of refractory particle to coke powder may be separately reserved in plural tanks.
  • the same results as in the illustrated embodiment are obtained by selecting the feeding order of these patching materials to perform the flame gunning.
  • substantially the same operation can be performed by previously determining optimum mixing ratio of coke powder under consideration of flame gunning time and heat efficiency.
  • the change of the lining temperature can be estimated from the lapse time of the repairing by accumulating, for example, the data of operational result, the actual measurement of the lining temperature is not always performed during the repairing, but it is, of course, desirable to take the actually measured temperature into account as at least a factor for the arrangement of the above data.
  • the refractory particles in the patching material are chemically adhered to each other and to the inner wall lining of the refining vessel by bonding force of several weight percents of a binder contained in the patching material.
  • the refractory particle must be used to have a melting point largely higher than the tapping temperature of the refining vessel under operating conditions of this vessel.
  • the refractory particles having a melting point of about 2,400°C must be used, while when the tapping temperature is 1,800°C, if the refractory particles having a melting point of about 2,400°C is used likewise the above case, the melting loss becomes conspicuous.
  • the refractory particle having a more higher melting point must be used in order to reduce the melting loss, but such a raising of the melting point in the refractory particle is not too effective because the bonding force between particles is ultimately a chemically weak force. Therefore, both the methods have such drawbacks that the cost of the patching material necessarily increases and also the scattering of the durability after the repairing becomes large.
  • the refractory particles are bonded at at least a semi-fused state to each other and to the inner wall lining of the refining vessel.
  • the bonding force in this method is extremely excellent and stable as. compared with the chemically bonding force of the binder as described above. Therefore, the flame gunning process makes it possible to efficiently select the refractory particles in accordance with the operating conditions of the refining vessel.
  • the tapping temperature of the refining vessel when the tapping temperature of the refining vessel is a relatively lower temperature level, refractory particles having a melting point slightly higher than the above level may be used, while when the tapping temperature is a relatively higher level, the refractory particles may be selected from ones having a melting point higher than the tapping temperature level but a small difference between the melting point and the tapping temperature, so that a fairly stable repairing can be performed as compared with the prior art and also the cost of the patching material becomes largely inexpensive.
  • the repairing treatment by the flame gunning process may be followed to each of the above cases (1 )-(3). That is, at least two patching materials containing refractory particles with a relatively low melting point are separately stored in at least two tanks in regard to the case (1 and at least two patching materials containing refractory particles with a higher melting point are separately stored in at least two tanks in regard to the case (2), and several patching materials containing refractory particles with different melting points are separately stored in several tanks in regard to the case (3).
  • these patching materials are flame-gunned through the transporting pipeline and flame gunning lance onto the inner wall surface of the refining vessel to be repaired. Therefore, the blowing operation matching with each refining condition of the above cases (1 )-(3) may be carried out after the completion of the repairing.
  • Fig. 4 is shown an index of patching material cost at each patching material in accordance with the tapping temperature of the refining vessel.
  • the index of patching material cost is indicated on the basis that the cost of refractory particles per unit cost of patching material used in the prior art is 100. It can be seen from Fig.
  • the durable effect of the repaired portion is not so sufficient even if the melting point is raised in accordance with a high tapping temperature level because the bonding force of the repaired portion is weak, while according to the invention, the durable effect of the repaired portion becomes more sufficient as the melting point of the refractory particle rises because the refractory particles are bonded to each other and to the inner wall of the vessel at at least a semi-fused state in the flame gunning process.
  • the use of high-temperature patching material is not effective at the tapping temperature below 1,700°C in the flame gunning process as compared with the use of low-temperature patching material because the bonding state of the repaired portion using the high-temperature patching material becomes more dense and is apt to accelerate the melting loss due to peeling under thermal change (or thermal spalling).
  • the followings show the comparative data of repairing result between the conventional semi-dry repairing method and the repairing method by the flame gunning process according to the invention when the tapping temperature of the refining vessel is 1,600°C and 1,800°C, respectively.
  • the invention makes it possible to considerably reduce the patching material cost in both the cases of high and low tapping.temperatures as compared with the conventional method because the index of unit is less.
  • the repairing number during the use life of the refining vessel or the converter was about 600.
  • the inner surface area of the new converter lined with refractory bricks was about 100 m 2 , but the inner surface area of the converter during the repeated refining was 118 m 2 at the 200th repairing, 128 m 2 at the 400th repairing and 137 M 2 at the 600th repairing.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of controlling the coke ratio in accordance with the inner wall surface temperature of the converter measured by the thermocouple embedded therein and the change of the inner wall surface temperature during the flame gunning is also shown in Fig. 5.
  • the flame temperature is made constant without lowering heat efficiency by changing the coke ratio of the patching material in accordance with the change of the inner wall surface temperature.
  • a patching material A having a coke ratio of 40% and containing natural magnesia as a refractory particle was charged in the tank 2, while a patching material B having a coke ratio of 30% and containing natural magnesia was charged in the tank 3.
  • the flame gunning of the patching material on the lining of the converter C was started at the inner wall surface temperature of 1,200°C as measured by the thermocouple 8 by discharging the patching material from the nozzle of the lance g at a feed rate of 200 kg/min.
  • the patching material A was flame-gunned for 2 minutes and then the patching material B was flame-gunned for 3 minutes.
  • the deposit layer was formed with an adhesion degree of 95% and coke powder was consumed in an amount of 0.49 kg per 1 kg of the deposited refractory particle.
  • the flame temperature can be optimized by controlling the coke ratio of the patching material in accordance with the change of the measured inner wall surface temperature.
  • the effective repairing time can be shortened to 60% of that required in the conventional method and the loss of refractory particles is reduced to 80% of that produced in the conventional method because the loss toward the exterior at the initial stage of the flame gunning considerably reduces.
  • the corrosion resistance of the deposit layer is increased up to 30% because the deposition in the low temperature region reduces at the initial stage of the flame gunning.
  • the repairing operation can be performed with a high efficiency and reduction of refractory loss in a short time. Furthermore, an optimum repairing result can be obtained by optionally changing the mixing ratio of refractory particle and fuel powder in accordance with the combustion state during the flame gunning. Therefore, it makes possible to efficiently flame-gun the patching material to increase the adhesion efficiency of refractory particle and at the same time to reduce the cost of the patching material itself.
  • the reduction of the repairing cost can advantageously be realized by selecting refractory particles having a lower melting point within a limit capable of satisfying performances required under operating conditions, particularly temperature level applied to the repaired refractory lining.
  • the inventors have made various examinations on the thermal resistance of the refractory lining after the repairing and found that abnormal melting loss may be produced on the surface of non-flame gunned region in the repairing.
  • abnormal melting loss of non-flame gunned region is disadvantageous in the repairing by the flame gunning process.
  • the oxygen containing gas is usually blown in such a manner that the oxygen content is somewhat larger than the theoretical amount required for complete combustion of fuel powder, so that surplus oxygen not contributing to combustion usually remains in combustion gas.
  • the surplus oxygen entrained in the high-temperature cobmustion gas produces the abnormal melting loss of non-flame gunned region in the refractory lining when contacting with the surface of such region.
  • the oxygen containing gas is preferably blown in such a manner that the surplus oxygen in combustion gas is substantially zero, i.e. the oxygen content in the oxygen containing gas is substantially less than the theoretical amount required for complete combustion of solid fuel powder, whereby an unexpected result is obtained for preventing the abnormal melting loss of the non-flame gunned region.
  • the blow rate of oxygen gas for coke powder according to the invention is preferable to be a mol ratio (0 2 /C) of less than 1.
  • the larger amount of uncombusted coke powder is uneconomical and also there is caused a risk of exposing the surroundings to an elevated temperature atmosphere due to combustion of uncombusted coke powder by contacting ambient atmosphere with high temperature waste gas containing uncombusted coke powder.
  • the mol ratio of 0 2 /C is not less than 0.6, preferably not less than 0.8 in practice.
  • the repairing of refractory linings in the converter by the flame gunning process is usually performed at such a state that the lining is held at a sufficiently higher temperature just after molten metal and slag are tapped from the converter.
  • the heating by flame gunning may be carried out by feeding only the solid fuel powder or by feeding the patching material containing an extremely reduced quantity of refractory particle.
  • the melting loss of refractory lining can advantageously be prevented by blowing the oxygen containing gas within the blow rate range as defined above.
  • the invention has been described with respect to the repairing of refractory linings in the converter, it can be applied to the repairing operation in the other refining vessels, heating oven, holding furnace, coke oven and the like.
  • the flame temperature can properly be controlled by adjusting the mixing ratio of solid fuel powder in the patching material and further the feed rate of the patching material in accordance with the change of the inner wall surface temperature during the repairing, so that the deposit layer of refractory particle having a higher bonding strength can advantageously be formed without causing wastefulness of refractory particle and fuel powder.
  • the repairing for any melting loss produced in the refractory lining can be performed easily, surely and properly. Furthermore, according to the invention, the abnormal melting loss of non-flame gunned region can largely be mitigated in the repairing of refractory linings by the flame gunning process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zur Reparatur im Flammspritzverfahren einer feuerfesten Zustellung eines mit feuerfestem Material ausgekleideten Behälters, indem ein Ausbesserungsmaterial bestehend aus feuerfesten Teilchen und kohlehaltigem pulverförmigem Brennstoff zusammen mit einem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas mit einer Flammspritzpistole verspritzt wird, um die feuerfesten Teilchen in einem von der Hochtemperaturflamme umgebenen Bereich zu schmelzen oder halb zu schmelzen und gegen die Oberfläche der feuerfesten Zustellung zu schleudern, um eine Auftragsschicht aus den feuerfesten Teilchen zu erzeugen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einer Anfangsstufe der Ausbesserung ein Ausbesserungsmaterial mit einem höheren Mischanteil an Brennstoffpulver oder nur Brennstoffpulver flammgespritzt wird und hierauf im Zuge des Fortschreitens der Reparatur Ausbesserungsmaterialien, in denen der Mischanteil an Brennstoffpulver stufenweise herabgesetzt wird, flammgespritzt werden, währenddessen die Blasgeschwindigkeit des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases in Übereinstimmung mit dem Wechsel des Mischanteiles des Brennstoffpulvers im Ausbesserungsmaterial geregelt wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während des Flammspritzens die Flammtemperatur optimiert wird, indem man das Mischungsverhältnis von feuerfesten Teilchen zu Brennstoffpulver im Ausbesserungsmaterial in Übereinstimmung mit dem Wechsel des Temperaturanstieges auf der Innenwandfläche des Behälters regelt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flammtemperatur während des Flammspritzverfahrens durch Wahl oder Einstellung einer Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit, pro Zeiteinheit, des Ausbesserungsmaterials und des Mischverhältnisses des Brennstoffpulvers im Ausbesserungsmaterial in Übereinstimmung mit dem Wechsel des Temperaturanstieges auf der Innenwandfläche des Behälters optimiert wird.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit pro Zeiteinheit, des Ausbesserungsmaterials und/oder das Mischverhältnis des Brennstoffpulvers im Ausbesserungsmaterial in Übereinstimmung mit der Größe des zu reparienden Kessels oder einer Vergrößerung einer zu reparierenden Fläche sowie der vorher gemessenen Temperatur der Innenwand voreingestellt wird.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das sauerstoffhaltige Gas in einer solchen Menge eingeblasen wird, daß der Sauerstoffgehalt im sauerstoffhaltigen Gas im wesentlichen niedriger ist als die für die vollständige Verbrennung des Brennstoffpulvers erforderliche theoretische Menge.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das feuerfeste Teilchen aus einem solchen Material oder Gemisch besteht, daß der Schmelzpunkt des feuerfesten Teilchens den Temperaturwert des Kessels unter dessen Betriebsbedinungen überstiget, jedoch die Differenz zwischen den beiden Temperaturen gering ist.
7. Vorrichtung zur Zuführung von Ausbesserungsmaterialien zur Verwendung im Flammspritzverfahren nach Anspruch 1, welche mit einer mehrere konzentrische Rohre aufweisende Flammspritzlanze in Verbindung steht, um einen Durchlaß für das Ausbesserungsmaterial, einen Durchlaß für ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gas und Durchlässe für die Zufuhr und die Rückfuhr einer Kühlflüssigkeit zu bilden, gekennzeichnet, durch wenigstens zwei getrennte Tanks für die Lagerung des Ausbesserungsmaterials, eine Rohrleitung für das Ausbesserungsmaterial, die mit einem Durchflußregler versehen ist und sich von jedem der Tanks aus zum Durchlaß für das Ausbesserungsmaterial erstreckt, eine Rohrleitung für ein Trägergas, die mit einem Durchflußregler versehen und an jeden der Tanks und jede der Rohrleitungen für das AusbesserungsmateriäF angeschlossen ist, und eine Rohrleitung für das sauerstoffhaltige Gas, die mit einem Durchflußregler versehen und mit dem Durchlaß für das sauerstoffhaltige Gas verbunden ist.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem der Tanks nur ein Brennstoffpulver gelagert ist und nur feuerfeste Teilchen im anderen tank gelagert sind.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei Ausbesserungsmaterialien mit verschiedenen Mischungsverhältnissen von feuerfesten Teilchen zu Brennstoffpulver getrennt in wenigstens zwei Ausbesserungsmaterialtanks gelagert sind.
EP19820301717 1981-04-06 1982-04-01 Flammreparaturspritzen einer feuerfesten Zustellung Expired EP0062498B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82301717T ATE12426T1 (de) 1981-04-06 1982-04-01 Flammreparaturspritzen einer feuerfesten zustellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5138781A JPS5947832B2 (ja) 1981-04-06 1981-04-06 耐火物内張りのフレ−ムガンニング制御法
JP51389/81 1981-04-06
JP5139481A JPS5942230B2 (ja) 1981-04-06 1981-04-06 フレ−ムガンニング機の吹付け補修材供給装置
JP5139681A JPS5942231B2 (ja) 1981-04-06 1981-04-06 拡散火炎溶射法
JP5139881A JPS5942232B2 (ja) 1981-04-06 1981-04-06 耐火物ライニングのフレ−ムガンニング補修方法および吹付け補修材供給装置
JP51385/81 1981-04-06
JP51387/81 1981-04-06
JP5138981A JPS6014278B2 (ja) 1981-04-06 1981-04-06 耐火物内張りのフレ−ムガンニング更新方法
JP51396/81 1981-04-06
JP5138581A JPS57166479A (en) 1981-04-06 1981-04-06 Method of and apparatus for repairing refractory lining
JP51398/81 1981-04-06
JP51394/81 1981-04-06

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EP0062498A1 EP0062498A1 (de) 1982-10-13
EP0062498B1 true EP0062498B1 (de) 1985-03-27

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1458945A1 (de) * 1965-03-25 1969-01-23 Union Carbide Corp Feuerfeste Auskleidung fuer OEfen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US3883078A (en) * 1972-01-28 1975-05-13 Oleg Nikolaevich Chemeris Method and a device for gunniting converter linings
JPS5646853Y2 (de) * 1977-11-15 1981-11-02
GB2064992B (en) * 1979-05-30 1983-03-09 Do Nii Chernoj Metallurgii Flame guniting lance
DE2938250C2 (de) * 1979-09-21 1983-01-13 Doneckij naučno-issledovatel'skij institut černoj metallurgii, Doneck Verfahren zum Flammspritzauskleiden des Konverterfutters bei senkrechter Stellung des Konverters und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung

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DE3262746D1 (en) 1985-05-02

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