EP0059849B1 - Procédé pour produire un jeu de couleurs pendant la cuisson de produits céramiques plats - Google Patents

Procédé pour produire un jeu de couleurs pendant la cuisson de produits céramiques plats Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0059849B1
EP0059849B1 EP82100983A EP82100983A EP0059849B1 EP 0059849 B1 EP0059849 B1 EP 0059849B1 EP 82100983 A EP82100983 A EP 82100983A EP 82100983 A EP82100983 A EP 82100983A EP 0059849 B1 EP0059849 B1 EP 0059849B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
kiln
zone
injection nozzles
firing material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82100983A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0059849A1 (fr
Inventor
Gottfried Dr. Cremer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buchtal Keramische Betriebe GmbH
Original Assignee
Buchtal Keramische Betriebe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Buchtal Keramische Betriebe GmbH filed Critical Buchtal Keramische Betriebe GmbH
Publication of EP0059849A1 publication Critical patent/EP0059849A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/04—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B9/045—Furnaces with controlled atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a play of colors when firing flat ceramic firing material, such as tiles, in a furnace consisting of a preheating, firing and cooling zone, preferably a roller furnace, by means of the oxidizing atmosphere in the firing zone of the fired material without it supportive kiln furniture is passed through in one layer.
  • Such furnaces particularly in the form of roller furnaces, have recently become increasingly popular in many areas of the ceramic industry.
  • the plates are not moved through the kiln in one layer next to one another, but are stacked on tunnel kiln cars and are thus driven through the kiln in such stacks or packages.
  • the plates inside such a stack experience less reduction than the plates on the edge of the stack, where the reducing atmosphere can have a more lasting effect on the plates. In this way, a certain play of colors is obtained between the inner and outer plates after the fire, so that a suitable play of colors can be used to achieve a play of colors on the surface covered with such plates.
  • the object of the invention is to provide in furnaces, preferably roller furnaces, through which the firing material is passed in one layer without supporting firing aids, a possibility of imparting the desired play of colors to the firing material.
  • this object is achieved in that the firing material is exposed to a partially reducing atmosphere in or at the end of the firing zone in a shielded area.
  • the fired material is passed through a reduction zone in or at the end of the firing zone and then through a pulsating oxidation zone.
  • a pulsating oxidation zone An alternative to this is obtained if the firing material is blown with a strongly oxidizing gas after the guided tour through the reduction zone.
  • the second option is to pass the firing material through a pulsating reduction zone in or at the end of the firing zone.
  • the firing material is blown in a targeted manner with or at the end of the firing zone with a reducing gas.
  • a partial reduction of the firing surface is achieved in or at the end of the firing zone.
  • the firing material is not deprived of its desired play of colors when passing through the subsequent firing zone part, where there is no reducing atmosphere but an oxidizing atmosphere again, because at the present composition of the firing material is generally no longer ready to take up oxygen.
  • the area reducing it can also be laid up to the cooling zone adjoining the firing zone. There is no further reduction in the cooling zone area.
  • the shielding between the firing zone and the cooling zone or the reduction zone and the cooling zone presents no difficulties. Such shielding can already be achieved by any cross-sectional narrowing.
  • a kiln suitable for carrying out the method usually contains a preheating, a firing and a cooling zone.
  • a mechanically largely sealed area is provided in or at the end of the firing zone.
  • There the firing material is exposed to blowing nozzles directed at it.
  • These injection nozzles can be tubes made of refractory material, which direct a directed jet downwards onto the surface of the firing material which passes under these jets.
  • the injection nozzles can also be realized by providing pipes spanning the entire width of the furnace space transversely to the transport direction of the firing material and having corresponding openings.
  • the openings can also be provided with nozzle tips or the like.
  • a further possibility is to suspend the injection nozzles or the pipes carrying them in an oscillating manner and to set them in an oscillating movement, so that the angle of attack relative to the firing material being transported beneath them changes continuously. With this measure it is also possible to produce the desired play of colors to a greater or lesser extent.
  • blowing nozzles end directly above the firing material. This ensures that there are no false currents that could impair the deliberate control of the play of colors through the blow nozzles.
  • blow nozzles on the side of the furnace wall.
  • the jet of the oxidizing or reducing gas sweeps across the entire cross-section of the furnace. If these nozzles are operated periodically pulsating, the desired color play is also obtained.
  • the treatment room in or at the end of the firing zone is expediently shielded by aprons made of refractory fiber material, which shut off the furnace channel to such an extent that the fired material can just be passed through the remaining gap.
  • aprons made of refractory fiber material, which shut off the furnace channel to such an extent that the fired material can just be passed through the remaining gap.
  • roller ovens there is also a space below the rollers, which of course must then be shielded in a similar way.
  • cooling takes place in the cooling zone with water cooling, i.e. with cooling registers arranged there above and possibly also below the roller bed, in which case it is expedient to blow an inert gas into the cooling zone separated from the rest of the furnace space by the aprons.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Procédé de réalisation d'un jeu de couleurs lors de la cuisson de charges céramiques à surface plate, telles que dalles ou carreaux, dans un four de cuisson comprenant une zone de préchauffage, une zone de cuisson et une zone de refroidissement, de préférence dans un four à rouleaux, le passage de la charge de cuisson s'y effectuant à travers l'atmosphère oxydante de la zone de cuisson à une seule couche et sans dispositif de maintien de la charge, caractérisé en ce que la charge de cuisson est mise sous l'influence atmosphérique d'une zone blindée, située dans la zone de cuisson ou à son bout, cette atmophère réduisant partiellement la charge.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge de cuisson est transportée à travers une zone de réduction située dans la zone de cuisson ou à son bout et, ensuite, passe dans une zone d'oxydation pulsatoire.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un soufflage pointé au gaz fort oxydant est effectué sur la charge de cuisson après son passage à travers la zone de réduction située dans la zone de cuisson ou à son bout.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge de cuisson est transportée à travers une zone de réduction pulsatoire située dans la zone de cuisson ou à son bout.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge de cuisson se trouvant dans la zone de cuisson ou à son bout est mise sous l'influence d'un soufflage pointé à un gaz réducteur.
6. Four de cuisson permettant la réalisation du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant une zone de préchauffage, une zone de cuisson et une zone de refroidissement, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone rendue mécaniquement assez étanche est prévue dans la zone de cuisson ou à son bout, et que des tuyères d'insufflation orientées vers la charge de cuisson sont prévues dans cette zone.
7. Four de cuisson selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères d'insufflation sont des orifices dans des tuyaux transversaux par rapport au sens de passage de la charge de cuisson et s'étendant sur toute la largeur de la chambre du four.
8. Four de cuisson selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères d'insufflation sont alimentées en gaz de façon pulsatoire.
9. Four de cuisson selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères d'insufflation sont réglables quant à leur orientation vers la charge de cuisson.
10. Four de cuisson selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères d'insufflation sont oscillantes.
11. Four de cuisson selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les orifices des tuyères d'insufflation se trouvent directement au-dessus de la charge de cuisson.
12. Four de cuisson selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères d'insufflation sont prévues dans la paroi latérale du four et qu'elles sont alimentées de façon pulsatoire périodiquement.
13. Four de cuisson selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement de la zone de refroidissement est effectué indirectementau moyen d'un caloporteur liquide.
EP82100983A 1981-03-05 1982-02-11 Procédé pour produire un jeu de couleurs pendant la cuisson de produits céramiques plats Expired EP0059849B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813108325 DE3108325A1 (de) 1981-03-05 1981-03-05 "verfahren zum herstellen eines farbspieles beim brennen von flaechigem keramischen brenngut"
DE3108325 1981-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0059849A1 EP0059849A1 (fr) 1982-09-15
EP0059849B1 true EP0059849B1 (fr) 1985-01-16

Family

ID=6126399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100983A Expired EP0059849B1 (fr) 1981-03-05 1982-02-11 Procédé pour produire un jeu de couleurs pendant la cuisson de produits céramiques plats

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4488871A (fr)
EP (1) EP0059849B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58500325A (fr)
DE (2) DE3108325A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1982003072A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA821246B (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3536532A1 (de) * 1985-10-12 1987-04-23 Linde Ag Verfahren zum behandeln von oxidierbare bzw. reduzierbare substanzen enthaltenden materialien
US4971554A (en) * 1988-08-30 1990-11-20 Semiconductor Equipment Corporation Multi-nozzle surface mount rework system
JPH075351B2 (ja) * 1990-02-27 1995-01-25 株式会社イナックス 窯業建材品の焼成方法
JPH04231362A (ja) * 1990-12-27 1992-08-20 Takasago Ind Co Ltd 連続式焼成炉における焼成方法
US6471734B1 (en) * 1998-07-09 2002-10-29 Kennametal Pc Inc. Ceramic and process for the continuous sintering thereof
CN107677120A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-09 广西南山瓷器有限公司 节能环保陶瓷窑炉

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2253897A (en) * 1937-05-24 1941-08-26 Doderer Wilhelm Contrivance for treating materials within a gas atmosphere of increased pressure
GB862035A (en) * 1957-12-13 1961-03-01 Aton Planungs & Baugesellschaft Fuer Die Keramische Industrie Mbh Arrangement for heating of tunnel kilns, by means of impulse burners
DE1303473C2 (de) * 1966-04-06 1974-01-17 Keller Ofenbau Gmbh, 4533 Laggenbeck Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen brennen von keramischem einsatzgut in tunneloefen und tunnelofen zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
JPS4841244A (fr) * 1971-09-28 1973-06-16
JPS5028444A (fr) * 1973-07-07 1975-03-24
DE2634831A1 (de) * 1976-08-03 1978-02-09 Riedhammer Ludwig Fa Schnellbrand-tunnelofen mit schlittenfoerderung
GB1595306A (en) * 1976-12-22 1981-08-12 Ravenhead Brick Co Ltd Manufacture of bricks
FR2405450A1 (fr) * 1977-10-07 1979-05-04 Welko Ind Spa Disposition de moufles d'etranglement dans les fours a rouleaux, en particulier pour matieres ceramiques
DE2824367A1 (de) * 1978-06-01 1979-12-06 Keramische Ind Bedarfs Gmbh Pa Verfahren zum steuern von mit reduzierender ofenatmosphaere zu betreibenden industrie-ofenanlagen
DE3064754D1 (en) * 1979-07-09 1983-10-13 Electrovert Ltd Method and apparatus for vapour phase soldering

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
H. Scholze, Handbuch der Keramik (1968), pp. 278, 279, 280-285, 310-311 *
K. Jacob, Farbe und Verfärbungen der Ziegel (Berlin 1913), p. 12 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA821246B (en) 1983-03-30
DE3261873D1 (en) 1985-02-28
US4488871A (en) 1984-12-18
JPS58500325A (ja) 1983-03-03
EP0059849A1 (fr) 1982-09-15
DE3108325C2 (fr) 1990-09-13
DE3108325A1 (de) 1982-09-16
WO1982003072A1 (fr) 1982-09-16

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