EP0057172A2 - Elément chauffant auto-régulateur - Google Patents

Elément chauffant auto-régulateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057172A2
EP0057172A2 EP82890012A EP82890012A EP0057172A2 EP 0057172 A2 EP0057172 A2 EP 0057172A2 EP 82890012 A EP82890012 A EP 82890012A EP 82890012 A EP82890012 A EP 82890012A EP 0057172 A2 EP0057172 A2 EP 0057172A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal sleeve
insulation
heating element
radiator
foil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82890012A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0057172B1 (fr
EP0057172A3 (en
Inventor
Walther Dr. Menhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0057172A2 publication Critical patent/EP0057172A2/fr
Publication of EP0057172A3 publication Critical patent/EP0057172A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0057172B1 publication Critical patent/EP0057172B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-regulating heating element with a resistance heating element made of electrically conductive ceramic material with a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance arranged in an elastically insulated manner in a metal sleeve.
  • the energy consumption of the resistance heater connected to a voltage source is adjusted without further action, that is to say without a switching measure or the like, such that the resistance heater assumes a certain temperature which is essentially dependent on its material composition.
  • This relationship of effects now keeps the temperature of the resistance heater connected to the voltage source itself practically constant, but is not able to achieve the desired temperature in the heating elements of this type which have been disclosed or described so far, in the envelope of the heating element from which the heat generated is taken To keep the extent constant, especially not when the heat dissipation fluctuates from the casing.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a self-regulating heating element of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph in which the above-mentioned disadvantage is eliminated and in which the casing also has a largely constant temperature.
  • the self-regulating heating element of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that a single- or multi-layer insulation made of electrically insulating foils is arranged between the resistance heater and the metal sleeve, which is applied to the heater on the one hand and to the inner surface of the metal sleeve on the other, with zonal spaces between the film layers and between the surface facing the radiator and the film insulation and between the film insulation and the metal sleeve are filled with a thermally conductive composition.
  • a very low thermal resistance of the electrical insulation required between the resistance heater and the covering of the heating element can be obtained, which practically does not change even under changing operating conditions.
  • Hiebei a small heat resistance, by providing a foil insulation as films already have a sufficient electrical urchschlagsfesttechnik D at very low thicknesses obtained with the safety requirements is best suited by the formation of these multilayer insulation.
  • the thermal resistance of the foils themselves is low and has a good constancy, and it is also ensured that the thermal resistance is also ensured by the heat-conducting mass with which gaps inevitably occur in the course of production in the way of the heat flow from the radiator to the casing is low and largely constant in the area of the transition points.
  • the structure of the insulation according to the invention in relation to the dielectric strength, results in a very favorable and practically constant value of the thermal resistance.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment is obtained if it is provided that the metal sleeve exerts a pressure on the film insulation, at least at operating temperature, and presses it onto the radiator.
  • This can be achieved by a correspondingly coordinated selection of the insulating film material and by a corresponding selection of the starting materials for the heat-conducting mass and by a corresponding production technology when this mass is applied between the radiator and the metal sleeve.
  • You can e.g. a vulcanizable mass, e.g.
  • the metal sleeve has a ' mechanical prestress and thereby presses elastically on the foil insulation.
  • a preload can be produced very simply, for example, by providing a metal sleeve with an approximately circular cylindrical shape that is already surrounded by a single-layer or multi-layer foil insulation, which has an oval cross section in the idle state, and this sleeve for inserting this heating element elastically Meaning a change of their cross cut squeezes into a circular shape, whereby after the loss of this compressive force, the metal sleeve closely surrounding the radiator with foil insulation, in an effort to return to its oval cross-sectional shape, exerts pressure on the foil insulation, which presses it onto the radiator.
  • a substantially oval cross-section of the radiator surrounded by foil insulation can also be assumed, for example, to have a circularly cylindrical metal sleeve in the idle state, which is elastically deformed to the oval cross-sectional shape to enable insertion of the foil-insulated radiator with an oval cross-section, with this deforming force being eliminated pressure from the metal sleeve to the foil insulation.
  • a resistance heater 1 made of electrically conductive ceramic material is provided with a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, which to the.
  • Surfaces 2 and 3 are provided with power connections 4, 5 which lead heat-resistant insulated wires 6.
  • the resistance heating element 1 is surrounded by three layers 7, 8, 9 of electrically insulating foils, the innermost layer 7 resting on the heating element 1 and the outermost layer 9 resting on the inner surface 10 of a cup-shaped metal sleeve 11.
  • the innermost film layer 7 is wound tightly around the resistance heater 1, and the film layers 7, 8, 9 lie firmly against one another, and it is the entire structure formed in this way from the resistance heater 1 and the film layers 7, 8 surrounding it. 9 inserted strictly into the cup-shaped metal sleeve 11.
  • the electrical connections of the radiator 1, which is made of current-conducting ceramic material, are designed in the form of two metal blocks 21, 22 which lie laterally on the radiator 1 and have the cylindrical outer surfaces 23.
  • the connecting wires 6 are connected to these metal blocks 21, 22 and are guided in the space located above and below the radiator 1 between the metal blocks 21, 22.
  • good heat transfer from the radiator via the foil insulation to the metal sleeve 24 can be achieved by correspondingly abutting the successive parts in the flow path of the heat, this abutting by a strictly fitting insertion of the radiator with the foil insulation into the Metal sleeve 24 is promoted can be achieved.
  • the metal sleeve 11 or 24 has a mechanical prestress and thereby presses elastically on the foil insulation.
  • FIG. 6 An embodiment of this technique. is illustrated in Figures 6 to 8. It is used to encase an essentially circular-cylindrical structure, which consists of a radiator 1 consisting of electrically conductive ceramic material and an insulation surrounding this radiator from several layers 7, 8, 9 of an electrically insulating film, starting from a metal sleeve 30, which, as FIG. 6 shows an oval or elliptical cross section.
  • the initially oval sleeve becomes elastic to an approximately circular cylindrical sleeve by pressure forces which act on the sleeve 30 opposite one another from the outside and act approximately in the direction of the longer axis of the cross section of the sleeve 30, as is illustrated by the arrows 31, -32 deformed, as shown in Figure 7.
  • the heating element 1 surrounded by the insulation is then pushed into this sleeve, and the sleeve 30 is relieved of the pressure forces acting according to the arrows 31, 32.
  • the sleeve 30 tries again to assume the oval cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 6 and, as a result, exerts compressive forces acting on the multilayer film insulation in accordance with the arrows 33, 34, which in this way intimately on the inner surface of the metal sleeve 30 on the one hand and on the metal blocks located on both sides of the radiator 1 21, 22 comes to concern, which in turn are pressed against the radiator 1. This results in very good heat transfer from the radiator 1 to the metal sleeve 30 of the heating element.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP19820890012 1981-01-26 1982-01-26 Elément chauffant auto-régulateur Expired EP0057172B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT32081A AT384142B (de) 1981-01-26 1981-01-26 Selbstregelndes heizelement
AT320/81 1981-01-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0057172A2 true EP0057172A2 (fr) 1982-08-04
EP0057172A3 EP0057172A3 (en) 1982-09-01
EP0057172B1 EP0057172B1 (fr) 1987-04-15

Family

ID=3487447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820890012 Expired EP0057172B1 (fr) 1981-01-26 1982-01-26 Elément chauffant auto-régulateur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0057172B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT384142B (fr)
DE (1) DE3276093D1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0234608A1 (fr) * 1986-01-23 1987-09-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant auto-régulateur
EP0340550A2 (fr) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-08 Fritz Eichenauer GmbH & Co. KG Elément chauffant électrique avec élément à coefficient positif
WO1991007068A1 (fr) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-16 Dr. Peter Nesvadba Gesellschaft M.B.H. Dispositif de chauffage autoregulateur
WO1996019139A1 (fr) * 1994-12-21 1996-06-27 Nanotron Gesellschaft Für Mikrotechnik Mbh Systeme de chauffage pour le sechage de chaussures
EP1036930A1 (fr) * 1999-03-18 2000-09-20 David + Baader DBK Spezialfabrik Elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Dispositif de chauffage pour gazole et système de filtrage de gazole chauffé
EP1429084A1 (fr) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-16 Behr France S.A.R.L. Radiateur avec élément chauffant électrique supplémentaire
CN102798218A (zh) * 2012-07-23 2012-11-28 宁波宇峰电热器有限公司 一种用于洗脚盆的加热器
EP2571330A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2013-03-20 Shanghai Jilong Plastic Products Co., Ltd Petit conteneur et unité de chauffage à coefficient de température positif pour y chauffer un liquide
EP3101999A1 (fr) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-07 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Élement de chauffage a coefficient de temperature positif (ctp) et dispositif de chauffage electrique pour un vehicule automobile comprenant un tel element de chauffage ctp

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9309071U1 (de) * 1993-06-17 1993-08-19 Fritz Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg, 76870 Kandel Elektrisches Widerstandsheizelement

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH241718A (de) * 1946-02-06 1946-03-31 Oeschger Oskar Elektrischer Heizkörper.
US3492463A (en) * 1966-10-20 1970-01-27 Reactor Centrum Nederland Electrical resistance heater
FR2165943A1 (fr) * 1971-12-27 1973-08-10 Texas Instruments Inc
FR2307430A1 (fr) * 1975-04-07 1976-11-05 Philips Nv Element chauffant auto-regulateur
DE7838558U1 (de) * 1979-03-29 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Elektrisches Heizelement
DE2804749A1 (de) * 1978-02-04 1979-08-09 Eichenauer Fa Fritz Durchlauferhitzer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7838558U1 (de) * 1979-03-29 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Elektrisches Heizelement
CH241718A (de) * 1946-02-06 1946-03-31 Oeschger Oskar Elektrischer Heizkörper.
US3492463A (en) * 1966-10-20 1970-01-27 Reactor Centrum Nederland Electrical resistance heater
FR2165943A1 (fr) * 1971-12-27 1973-08-10 Texas Instruments Inc
FR2307430A1 (fr) * 1975-04-07 1976-11-05 Philips Nv Element chauffant auto-regulateur
DE2804749A1 (de) * 1978-02-04 1979-08-09 Eichenauer Fa Fritz Durchlauferhitzer

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0234608A1 (fr) * 1986-01-23 1987-09-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant auto-régulateur
EP0340550A2 (fr) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-08 Fritz Eichenauer GmbH & Co. KG Elément chauffant électrique avec élément à coefficient positif
EP0340550A3 (en) * 1988-05-05 1990-08-01 Fritz Eichenauer Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical heating element with a ptc element
WO1991007068A1 (fr) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-16 Dr. Peter Nesvadba Gesellschaft M.B.H. Dispositif de chauffage autoregulateur
WO1996019139A1 (fr) * 1994-12-21 1996-06-27 Nanotron Gesellschaft Für Mikrotechnik Mbh Systeme de chauffage pour le sechage de chaussures
US6402943B1 (en) 1999-03-18 2002-06-11 David & Baader Dbk Diesel filter system
EP1036930A1 (fr) * 1999-03-18 2000-09-20 David + Baader DBK Spezialfabrik Elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Dispositif de chauffage pour gazole et système de filtrage de gazole chauffé
EP1429084A1 (fr) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-16 Behr France S.A.R.L. Radiateur avec élément chauffant électrique supplémentaire
EP2571330A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2013-03-20 Shanghai Jilong Plastic Products Co., Ltd Petit conteneur et unité de chauffage à coefficient de température positif pour y chauffer un liquide
EP2571330A4 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2015-02-18 Shanghai jilong plastic products co ltd Petit conteneur et unité de chauffage à coefficient de température positif pour y chauffer un liquide
GB2493486B (en) * 2010-08-31 2017-09-06 Shanghai Jilong Plastic Products Co' Ltd A small-sized pool and PTC heater for internal liquid heating
CN102798218A (zh) * 2012-07-23 2012-11-28 宁波宇峰电热器有限公司 一种用于洗脚盆的加热器
CN102798218B (zh) * 2012-07-23 2015-08-26 余姚德诚科技咨询有限公司 一种用于洗脚盆的加热器
EP3101999A1 (fr) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-07 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Élement de chauffage a coefficient de temperature positif (ctp) et dispositif de chauffage electrique pour un vehicule automobile comprenant un tel element de chauffage ctp
US10524310B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2019-12-31 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC heating element and electric heating device for an automotive vehicle comprising such a PTC heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0057172B1 (fr) 1987-04-15
ATA32081A (de) 1987-02-15
AT384142B (de) 1987-10-12
DE3276093D1 (en) 1987-05-21
EP0057172A3 (en) 1982-09-01

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