EP0050281B1 - Dispositif de séparation pour la technique de séparation à gradients magnétiques élevés - Google Patents

Dispositif de séparation pour la technique de séparation à gradients magnétiques élevés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0050281B1
EP0050281B1 EP81108146A EP81108146A EP0050281B1 EP 0050281 B1 EP0050281 B1 EP 0050281B1 EP 81108146 A EP81108146 A EP 81108146A EP 81108146 A EP81108146 A EP 81108146A EP 0050281 B1 EP0050281 B1 EP 0050281B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnetic field
filter structure
medium
carrying elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108146A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0050281A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Schuster
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0335—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating magnetisable particles down to particle sizes below 1 ⁇ m according to the principle of high gradient magnetic separation technology from a flowing medium with an axial or radial inlet and outlet for the medium and with a filter structure arranged in a filter space, that between the two magnetic poles forming parts of a ferromagnetic yoke of a magnetic device is arranged in a magnetic field directed essentially parallel or antiparallel to the direction of flow of the medium in the area of the filter structure and the several wire meshes arranged at least approximately perpendicular to the direction of flow of the medium and in the direction of flow as seen closely behind one another contains of non-corrosive, ferromagnetic material with a predetermined mesh size and thickness of their wires.
  • a magnetic separator is known from DE-A-2 628 095.
  • Magnetic deposition methods take advantage of the fact that, in a suitable magnetic field arrangement, a magnetizable particle experiences a force that moves or holds it against other forces acting on it, such as gravity, or in a liquid medium against hydrodynamic frictional forces.
  • Such separation processes are intended, for example, for steam or cooling water circuits in conventional as well as in nuclear power plants.
  • particles are suspended, which are generally caused by corrosion.
  • These particles are partly ferromagnetic, such as magnetite (Fe 3 0 4 ), partly antiferromagnetic, such as hematite (a-Fe z 0 3 ) or paramagnetic, such as copper oxide (Cu0).
  • the magnetizability of these particles which also occur in different sizes, is therefore different.
  • HGM technology high gradient magnetic separation technology
  • a corresponding HGM separating device can also be found in DE-A-2 628 095 and FR-A-2 355 545. It contains a central filter space with a filter structure made up of a plurality of wire meshes arranged closely one behind the other in the direction of flow, which are arranged perpendicular to the direction of flow of the medium in a relatively strong magnetic field. This magnetic field is directed parallel or antiparallel to the direction of flow of the medium in the area of the filter structure and causes, for example, a magnetic induction in the order of 1 Tesla.
  • the thickness of the wires of the networks made of ferromagnetic material is very small and is, for example, less than 0.1 mm. The magnetic field gradients generated on them are consequently very high, so that even weakly magnetizable particles can be filtered out with the separating device.
  • the central filter space of the known separating device in which the filter structure from the wire nets is located, is arranged between the ends of two pole shoes, which are parts of a yoke body made of ferromagnetic material, which serves to guide the magnetic field caused by a magnetic coil.
  • the medium to be filtered is fed into or out of the filter space either through bores in these pole pieces or through a gap remaining between the pole pieces via annular chambers.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned magnetic separating device of the high gradient magnetic separation technology in such a way that in particular the inflow of the medium containing the particles to be separated into the filter structure is evened out and at the same time a reduction in the magnetic induction in the filter structure is avoided.
  • the device should have a relatively simple structure.
  • a magnetic separating device which also contains magnetic field-guiding elements made of ferromagnetic material on the inlet and outlet side of a medium to be filtered, these elements extending up to a filter structure and being at least evenly distributed over the respective end face of the filter structure are arranged.
  • a grid or grate serves as magnetic field-guiding elements, axial channels being formed with a relatively large length and small width. With such channels, therefore, the same problems arise as with the corresponding bores in the pole pieces of the separating device known from DE-A-2 628 095.
  • the filter structure of the separating device known from the aforementioned FR-A-2 143 481 is not one for the high-gradient magnetic separation technology characteristic structure, the questions of introducing the magnetic field to the structure are less critical.
  • the advantages of the separating device achieved with the measures according to the invention consist, in particular, in that the medium to be filtered enters the structure at a not too high speed, evenly distributed over the cross section of the filter structure, since there are only relatively short distances between the individual magnetic field-guiding elements at the filter inlet .
  • these elements advantageously couple the magnetic field directly to the filter structure without the need for relatively long bores or channels, which can only be produced at correspondingly high cost, through pole shoes or in lattice-like structures.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a separating device according to the invention.
  • 2 and 3 show designs of magnetic field-guiding elements of this device, while FIGS. 4 and 5 show a further separating device according to the invention.
  • a magnetic separation device of the high gradient magnetic separation technology is schematically indicated as a longitudinal section.
  • This device is intended to filter out the smallest ferromagnetic particles with particle sizes below 1 11 m or weakly magnetic, for example paramagnetic or antiferromagnetic, particles with a relatively high degree of separation from a liquid medium.
  • Components of this separating device which are not shown in the figure can be, for example, corresponding components of the device known from DE-A-2 628 095.
  • the separating device contains a yoke body made of magnetic iron which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis 3 and which is composed of a tubular yoke cylinder 4 and two end-side circular disk-shaped yoke plates 5 and 6.
  • the yoke cylinder encloses a hollow cylindrical magnet coil 7, for example a copper solenoid, which can be forcedly cooled if necessary.
  • the yoke body 4 to 6 and the magnetic coil 7 thus form the magnetic device of the separating device 2.
  • the magnetic coil 7 located in the interior space enclosed by the yoke body is only expanded in the axial direction to such an extent that between its end faces and the respective yoke plates 5 and 6 respectively cylindrical space 9 or 10 is formed with a small axial extent.
  • a magnetic field is generated with the magnetic coil 7, which runs in a central, cylindrical filter space 12 delimited by it at least approximately parallel to the axis 3 between the yoke plates 5 and 6 and whose magnetic induction in the filter space is illustrated by arrows denoted by B.
  • a filter structure 13, not shown in detail in the figure, is arranged in the filter space 12.
  • This filter structure is, in particular, a stack of a large number of nets, so-called net blanks, which consist of the finest wires and have a predetermined mesh size.
  • a corresponding stack contains, for example, 150 fine nets with a wire thickness of 0.067 mm and a mesh size of 0.14 mm.
  • the nets of this stack facing the circular disk-shaped yoke plates 5 and 6 can be coarser and, for example, have a wire thickness of 0.3 mm and a mesh size of 0.5 mm.
  • the networks consist of non-corrosive, ferromagnetic material, for example stainless steel, and are arranged perpendicular to the magnetic field directed in the area of the filter structure parallel to axis 3
  • the space 9 formed between the yoke plate 5 and the magnetic coil 7 or the filter space 12 serves as a distribution chamber, which is provided with a lateral inlet 15 for the medium M, for feeding the medium, designated M, containing the particles to be separated out, into the filter structure 13. As indicated by the arrowed lines in the figure, from there the medium enters the filter structure 13 from below through the end face denoted by 16.
  • the upper space 10 between the magnet coil and the yoke plate 6 serves as a collecting channel, which is provided with a lateral outlet 18 for the filtered medium, designated M '.
  • individual column-like elements 20 such as, for example, are arranged between the yoke plate 5 and the filter structure.
  • the magnetic field is advantageously coupled to the filter structure without interruption.
  • At least the entire cross-sectional area of the magnetic field-carrying elements 20 covers about '/ 4 to 1/2 of the entry surface 16 of the filter structure from, one of which is not guaranteed to high entrance velocity of the medium M in the filter structure.
  • the elements are arranged at least approximately uniformly distributed over the inlet surface 16, a corresponding, largely uniform flow with little turbulence is achieved at the inlet. Clogging of the filter structure on the inlet side is thus prevented.
  • the outlet side of the separating device 2 can also correspond to the inlet side with elements 21 carrying magnetic fields between the yoke plate and the filter structure 13 may be provided. A corresponding number and arrangement of these elements can also prevent turbulence on the outlet side.
  • guide bodies 19 influencing the flow conditions can be provided at least on the inlet side in the distribution chamber 9 on the side facing the inlet 15.
  • a baffle serves to force the flowing medium M, at least on the side facing the inlet 15, initially only to a greater distance from the inlet surface 16 of the filter structure. This can prevent the medium from flowing closer to the inlet of the inlet surface 16 comparatively much more strongly into the filter structure 13 than from the inlet surface of the inlet.
  • net-like structures can optionally also be provided, which can also be formed into a tubular body enclosing the elements 20 at a predetermined distance.
  • FIG. 2 In addition to the orientation and design form of the magnetic field-guiding elements 20 and 21 shown in FIG. 1, other elements extending between the yoke plate 5 and 6 and the filter structure 13 are also suitable for preventing turbulence at the entry surface 16 or the corresponding exit surface of the structure . Two embodiments of such elements emerge from FIGS. 2 and 3, parts in these figures which correspond to FIG. 1 being provided with the corresponding reference numerals.
  • elements can also be provided which are oriented obliquely with respect to the axis 3 and a central element 20.
  • the elements 23 arranged further away with respect to this axis can be inclined more than the closer elements 22. In this way, a further equalization of the flow of the medium M entering the filter structure can be brought about.
  • At least the magnetic field-guiding elements 24 running between the yoke plate 5 and the entry surface 16 of the filter structure 13 may not only have a cylindrical shape, but may also be frustoconical, for example.
  • the elements 20 to 24 guiding the magnetic field and standardizing the flow are attached directly to the yoke plates 5 and 6, respectively.
  • a special holding plate made of ferromagnetic material this particular plate then being rigidly connected to the respective yoke plate.
  • a further HGM separating device is schematically illustrated as a longitudinal section or as a cross section. Parts corresponding to FIG. 1 have the corresponding reference numerals.
  • This device, generally designated 26 differs from the device 2 according to FIG. 1 essentially in that an axial feed line of the medium M to be filtered and a corresponding discharge of the filtered medium M 'are provided.
  • a disk-shaped yoke plate 28 of a yoke body made of ferromagnetic material lying on the inlet side contains a central bore 29, the diameter of which is adapted to the diameter of the filter space 12 enclosed by a hollow cylindrical magnet coil 7 with a filter structure 13.
  • Individual magnetic field-guiding elements 30 made of ferromagnetic material are arranged in the bore 29 and are laterally connected to the yoke plate 28.
  • Iron elements which are parallel to one another and which, viewed in the direction of flow, extend directly to the filter structure 13 can advantageously be provided as elements. Even with such sheets, particularly at high flow velocities, turbulence in the medium M entering the filter structure 13 and thus inhomogeneous separation at the filter inlet can be at least largely prevented.
  • sheets 31 can also be provided in a central bore 32 of a yoke plate 33 on the outlet side.
  • perforated plates made of ferromagnetic material fitted into the bores 29 and 32 can also be used, on the sides of which facing the filter structure 13 in each case bolts according to FIGS. 1 to 3 are attached.
  • the bolts 20 to 24 and the plates 30 and 31, in particular in the case of a larger cross section of each of these elements, can each be provided with distribution channels on their end faces facing the filter structure.
  • Slits running, for example, parallel to the corresponding inlet or outlet surface of the filter structure can serve as distribution channels in order to further promote the distribution of the medium entering or exiting the filter structure.

Landscapes

  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Dispositif (2)-pour séparer, d'un milieu en écoulement, des particules aimantables, dont la taille est égale jusqu'à 1 um, selon le principe de la technique de séparation magnétique à gradient élevé, et comportant une admission et une sortie axiales ou radiales pour le milieu, et une structure formant filtre (13) située dans un espace de filtrage et qui est disposée entre les parties, constituant deux pôles magnétiques, d'une culasse ferromagnétique d'un dispositif d'aimant (7), dans un champ magnétique sensiblement parallèle ou antiparallèle à la direction d'écoulement du milieu, dans la région de la structure formant filtre (13), et qui contient plusieurs treillis de fils, disposée au moins approximativement perpendiculairement à la direction d'écoulement du milieu et en position serrée les uns derrière les autres suivant la direction d'écoulement et dont les fils sont constitués en un matériau ferromagnétique non corrodant et possédant une ouverture de maille et une épaisseur de fil prédéterminée, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu, au moins sur le côté admission du milieu (M) à filtrer, des éléments (20, 22 à 24; 30) de guidage du champ magnétique, réalisés sous la forme de boulons ou de tôles constitués en un matériau ferromagnétique, et qui
a) sont maintenus réunis, sur leur face tournée à l'opposé de la structure formant filtre (13), au moyen d'une plaque (5; 28) en matériau ferromagnétique, qui est fixée sur le corps de la culasse du dispositif d'aimant ou fait partie du corps de culasse lui-même,
b) s'étendent jusqu'à la structure formant filtre (13),
c) sont disposés en étant répartis au moins d'une manière approximativement uniforme sur la surface d'entrée (16) de la structure formant filtre (13), et
d) possèdent une surface totale en section transversale qui occupe approximativement entre le quart et la moitié de la surface d'entrée (16).
2. Dispositif de séparation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que des éléments (21 à 24; 31) de guidage du champ magnétique sont prévus, sur le côté de sortie du milieu (M) filtré, de la même manière que sur le côté admission.
3. Dispositif de séparation suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments (20 à 24; 30, 31) de guidage du champ magnétique possèdent une forme cylindrique ou sont réalisés en forme de tronc de cône et sont reliés par leur surface de base la plus étendue à la partie formant culasse ferromagnétique (5, 6).
4. Dispositif de séparation suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments (22, 23) de guidage du champ magnétique sont disposés obliquement par rapport à l'axe (3) du champ magnétique.
5. Dispositif de séparation suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'inclinaison des éléments (22, 23) de guidage du champ magnétique, par rapport à l'axe (3) du champ magnétique augmente lorsque la distance des éléments par rapport à cet axe augmente (figure 2).
6. Dispositif de séparation suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments (20 à 24; 30, 31) de guidage du champ magnétique sont munis, sur leurs faces frontales tournées vers la structure formant filtre (13), de fentes s'étendant transversalement à la direction d'écoulement du milieu (M, M').
EP81108146A 1980-10-16 1981-10-09 Dispositif de séparation pour la technique de séparation à gradients magnétiques élevés Expired EP0050281B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3039171 1980-10-16
DE3039171A DE3039171C2 (de) 1980-10-16 1980-10-16 Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von magnetisierbaren Teilchen nach dem Prinzip der Hochgradienten-Magnettrenntechnik

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0050281A1 EP0050281A1 (fr) 1982-04-28
EP0050281B1 true EP0050281B1 (fr) 1985-05-22

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EP81108146A Expired EP0050281B1 (fr) 1980-10-16 1981-10-09 Dispositif de séparation pour la technique de séparation à gradients magnétiques élevés

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US4432873A (fr)
EP (1) EP0050281B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5794317A (fr)
CA (1) CA1187007A (fr)
DE (1) DE3039171C2 (fr)
SU (1) SU1069608A3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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DE102004034541B3 (de) * 2004-07-16 2006-02-02 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Hochgradienten-Magnetabscheider

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JPS6128413A (ja) * 1984-07-19 1986-02-08 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd 船舶燃料油中の接触分解触媒の除去方法
US6020210A (en) * 1988-12-28 2000-02-01 Miltenvi Biotech Gmbh Methods and materials for high gradient magnetic separation of biological materials
CN1399718A (zh) * 1999-04-09 2003-02-26 宇宙硬件最佳技术股份有限公司 用于纯化细胞、化学物质和蛋白质结构的多级电磁分离器
GB0023385D0 (en) * 2000-09-23 2000-11-08 Eriez Magnetics Europ Ltd Magnetic separator
US20040053136A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-18 Bauman William C. Lithium carbide composition, cathode, battery and process
GR1006221B (el) * 2006-04-27 2009-01-13 Βασιλειος Γεωργιου Νικολοπουλος Διαδικτυακη ενεργειακη μηχανη αναζητησης και μεθοδος ληψης αποφασεων για βελτιστη διαχειριση και τιμολογιακη εκτιμηση ενεργειακων πορων
USH2238H1 (en) 2006-07-26 2010-05-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnetic particle separator
US8673623B2 (en) * 2007-08-31 2014-03-18 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Apparatus for performing magnetic electroporation
DE102008047852B4 (de) * 2008-09-18 2015-10-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Trenneinrichtung zum Trennen eines Gemischs von in einer in einem Trennkanal geführten Suspension enthaltenen magnetisierbaren und unmagnetisierbaren Teilchen
WO2011032149A2 (fr) * 2009-09-14 2011-03-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Générateur de marx bipolaire à semi-conducteurs
CN102179386B (zh) * 2011-01-17 2013-04-24 中国石油大学(北京) 具有高梯度磁分离器的清管器收球装置及粉末分离方法
US9598957B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2017-03-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Switchable magnetic particle filter
CN103586126A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-19 合肥工业大学 用于捕获高温液态金属冷却剂中磁性杂质的磁阱
US9352331B1 (en) * 2015-09-26 2016-05-31 Allnew Chemical Technology Company Filters for paramagnetic and diamagnetic substances
CN107309082B (zh) * 2017-07-19 2021-01-12 北京科技大学 超导高梯度磁分离转炉除尘灰制备高纯铁氧化物的方法
RU2717817C1 (ru) * 2019-09-16 2020-03-25 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский технологический институт имени А.П. Александрова" Высокоградиентный магнитный фильтр с жесткой матрицей
CN114749272B (zh) * 2022-04-18 2022-12-13 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 一种废钢磁选系统及方法

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DE102004034541B3 (de) * 2004-07-16 2006-02-02 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Hochgradienten-Magnetabscheider

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1187007A (fr) 1985-05-14
DE3039171A1 (de) 1982-05-13
DE3039171C2 (de) 1985-11-28
SU1069608A3 (ru) 1984-01-23
EP0050281A1 (fr) 1982-04-28
JPS6123005B2 (fr) 1986-06-04
US4432873A (en) 1984-02-21
JPS5794317A (en) 1982-06-11

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