EP0048424B1 - Fusible électrique de surintensité - Google Patents

Fusible électrique de surintensité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048424B1
EP0048424B1 EP81107244A EP81107244A EP0048424B1 EP 0048424 B1 EP0048424 B1 EP 0048424B1 EP 81107244 A EP81107244 A EP 81107244A EP 81107244 A EP81107244 A EP 81107244A EP 0048424 B1 EP0048424 B1 EP 0048424B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
quenching plates
fusible conductor
overcurrent fuse
fuse
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81107244A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0048424A2 (fr
EP0048424A3 (en
Inventor
Johann Dipl.-Ing. Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0048424A2 publication Critical patent/EP0048424A2/fr
Publication of EP0048424A3 publication Critical patent/EP0048424A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0048424B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048424B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical overcurrent protection with a curved fuse element and quenching plates made of electrically conductive material.
  • the fuse element After melting, the fuse element can generally only produce a sufficiently high arc voltage with a correspondingly large length. However, this means a correspondingly large voltage and power drop in nominal operation. In order to reduce this voltage drop, fuse elements with several bottlenecks were used. With this design, however, a further problem is raised, namely the simultaneous melting of all constrictions (US-A-1 946 553).
  • the task therefore arises of designing the fuse in such a way that its voltage drop during nominal operation is low and that it is at the same time able to build up a large countervoltage to interrupt the current, which acts as an extinguishing voltage.
  • extinguishing plates made of electrically conductive material are therefore provided, the flat sides of which are extended transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fuse element and are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the quenching plates are provided with openings through which the fuse element is led.
  • This unit is arranged in a chamber, which can be evacuated or contain an extinguishing gas.
  • Another known embodiment contains a fusible link in a zigzag shape, in which a baffle is arranged in each of the bends. After the fuse element has melted, the partial arcs will thus form between the quenching plates, the spacing of which is smaller than the respective partial section of the fuse element. In this known embodiment, the sum of the partial arcs will thus be smaller than the fusible conductor. The arc is thus shortened. In addition, the quenching plates are arranged parallel to one another and a relatively large overall length is thus obtained (US Pat. No. 854,724).
  • the extinguishing plates arranged radially to form a circular fuse element result in a flat construction of the fuse, the height of which is not substantially greater than the height of the extinguishing plates.
  • the mutual distance between the extinguishing plates increases in the direction radially outwards.
  • the partial arcs generated after the fusible link has melted are thus driven outwards due to the electrodynamic forces.
  • the length of the individual partial arcs and the total length of the arc are lengthened and the switching voltage increased accordingly. As a result of these electrodynamic forces, the fusible link is pressed against the sheets in the heated state, thereby ensuring increased cooling.
  • An embodiment of the overcurrent protection for higher voltage with a large number of quenching plates is obtained by the fuse element forming a helical line to which several quenching plates are arranged perpendicularly.
  • the quenching plates can rest directly on the fuse element.
  • the fusible link is cooled by the metal sheets and can conduct a current that is significantly higher than the current intensity that results from the cross section of the uncooled fusible link.
  • the fuse element can expediently be arranged on the jacket of a hollow cylindrical core.
  • the chmelzleiter from the remote S-Enden- the L öschble- surface may preferably be a hollow cylindrical housing of insulating material are disposed in grooves in the inner wall. In this case, the dimensional tolerances of the quenching plates can be correspondingly larger.
  • quenching plates may be expedient to design the quenching plates and to arrange them around the fuse element in such a way that their ends face the fuse element at a predetermined distance.
  • the cooling effect of the quenching plates then only begins at a predetermined current.
  • the ends of the quenching plates facing the fusible conductor can be provided with a coating with low electrical conductivity, which can optionally have good thermal conductivity.
  • the fuse element can also be provided with such a coating.
  • Parts of the hollow cylindrical housing, preferably the outer tube, can consist of gas-permeable material, in particular sieve ceramics, so that any overpressure that occurs can be reduced.
  • a fusible conductor 2 is designed as a ring part or as part of a hollow cylinder, and is provided with a conductor connection at both ends, which are denoted by 3 and 4 in the figure. Extinguishing plates 6 are provided radially to the fusible conductor 2, of which only a few are shown in the figure and the position of the others is only indicated by dashed lines.
  • the fuse element is arranged on the outer jacket of a core 8 made of insulating material, which can preferably be designed as a hollow cylinder.
  • This structural unit is arranged in a housing 10, which can preferably consist of insulating material, in particular ceramic.
  • one end of the extinguishing plates 6 rests on a fusible link 2 designed as a ring cylinder.
  • the outer ends of the quenching plates protrude into grooves 12 of the housing 10.
  • the lower and upper end edges of the extinguishing plates 6 can each be arranged in a groove in a base plate 14 or a cover plate 16.
  • the housing 10 and optionally also at least the outer part of the base plate 14 and the cover plate 16 can expediently consist of a gas-permeable material, in particular a so-called sieve ceramic.
  • a reignition of the arc on the outer casing of the fuse can be prevented if the holes in the bores are not chosen to be significantly larger than 1 mm, in particular smaller than 1 mm.
  • the fuse element 2 is arranged between the core 8 and the housing 10 in such a way that the extinguishing plates 6 extend both radially outwards and radially inwards.
  • the fuse element 2 If the fuse element 2 is positively connected to the extinguishing plates 6, all parts of the fuse heat up slowly in the event of an overcurrent and after a predetermined time, the fuse element 2 melts between the extinguishing plates 6.
  • the partial arcs generated between the individual extinguishing plates become radial due to the electrodynamic forces driven outside; the arc length increases with the increasing distance between the quenching plates 6 and the switching voltage is increased accordingly. Due to the same electrodynamic forces, the fusible conductor 2 is pressed against the extinguishing plates 6 in the heated state and a correspondingly increased cooling is ensured.
  • the quenching plates 6 are designed and arranged around the fuse element 2 such that a gap 18 is formed between them and the fuse element 2.
  • the size of the gap is selected so that the arc which arises after melting through at one point of the fusible conductor 2 causes the fusible conductor 2 to continue melting and its size is generally not significantly below 1 mm.
  • the ends of the quenching plates 6 facing the fusible conductor 2 can each be provided with a coating 20, which consists of a material with low electrical conductivity, as indicated in FIG. 5.
  • This coating 20 prevents fusing with one or more quenching plates 6 during melting and when the fusible conductor 2 melts further.
  • the coating 20 can consist, for example, of a temperature-resistant plastic or a glass-like and enamel-like material.
  • the fuse element 2 is at least partially provided with a coating 22 which in the same way prevents the aforementioned fusion.
  • a coating 22 which in the same way prevents the aforementioned fusion.
  • this can be provided with such a coating on its flat side facing the extinguishing plates 6.
  • an intermediate layer provided with openings is arranged between the fuse element 2 and the quenching plates, the intermediate openings of which permit the arc to pass after the fuse element 2 has melted.

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  • Fuses (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Coupe-circuit électrique à fusible de surintensité comprenant un conducteur fusible (2) courbe et des ailettes d'extinction (6) en matériau plat conducteur électrique, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur fusible (2) forme un seul cercle partiel, par rapport auquel plusieurs ailettes d'extinction (6) sont disposées radialement.
2. Coupe-circuit électrique à fusible de surintensité comprenant un conducteur fusible (2) courbe et des ailettes d'extinction (6) en matériau plat conducteur électrique, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur fusible (2) forme une hélice, par rapport à laquelle plusieurs ailettes d'extinction (6) sont disposées perpendiculairement.
3. Coupe-circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur fusible (2) est disposé sur la surface latérale d'un noyau cylindrique creux (8).
4. Coupe-circuit selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités des ailettes d'extinction (6) forment une fente (18) avec le conducteur fusible (2).
5. Coupe-circuit selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités des ailettes (6) dirigées vers le conducteur fusible (2) sont pourvues d'un revêtement (20) de faible conductivité électrique.
6. Coupe-circuit selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur fusible (2) est pourvu, au moins en partie, d'un revêtement (22) de faible conductivité électrique.
7. Coupe-circuit selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche intermédiaire de faible conductivité électrique et pourvue d'ouvertures de passage pour l'arc est disposée entre le conducteur fusible (2) et les ailettes d'extinction (6).
8. Coupe-circuit selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes d'extinction (6) pénètrent dans des rainures (12) de la paroi interne d'un corps cylindrique creux (10) en matériau isolant.
9. Coupe-circuit selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie au moins du corps est en matériau perméable au gaz.
10. Coupe-circuit selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le matériau perméable au gaz est de la céramique à tamis.
EP81107244A 1980-09-23 1981-09-14 Fusible électrique de surintensité Expired EP0048424B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3035873 1980-09-23
DE19803035873 DE3035873A1 (de) 1980-09-23 1980-09-23 Elektrische ueberstromsicherung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048424A2 EP0048424A2 (fr) 1982-03-31
EP0048424A3 EP0048424A3 (en) 1982-12-01
EP0048424B1 true EP0048424B1 (fr) 1985-07-24

Family

ID=6112664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81107244A Expired EP0048424B1 (fr) 1980-09-23 1981-09-14 Fusible électrique de surintensité

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4458232A (fr)
EP (1) EP0048424B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5787039A (fr)
DE (2) DE3035873A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO813201L (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9015208U1 (de) * 1990-11-05 1991-01-17 Wickmann-Werke GmbH, 5810 Witten Elektrische Sicherung
FR2917532B1 (fr) * 2007-06-18 2011-12-23 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de coupure fusible contre les surintensites et dispositif de protection contre les surtensions comportant un tel dispositif de coupure
US20160304268A1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Malissa Schneider Self-adjusting container

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US854724A (en) * 1904-11-07 1907-05-28 Gen Electric Thermal cut-out.
US1959770A (en) * 1931-10-21 1934-05-22 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
US1946553A (en) * 1932-01-20 1934-02-13 Edward V Sundt Low-capacity fuse construction
US2067541A (en) * 1933-10-10 1937-01-12 Nobuhara Kantaro Fusible electric circuit breaking device
CH443459A (de) * 1966-06-14 1967-09-15 Weber Ag Fab Elektro Mit einem Auftragsstoff versehener Schmelzleiter für Schmelzsicherungen
FR2172794B1 (fr) * 1972-02-22 1976-07-23 Alsthom Cgee
DE2349270A1 (de) * 1973-10-01 1975-04-10 Siemens Ag Elektrische ueberstromsicherung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3171489D1 (en) 1985-08-29
US4458232A (en) 1984-07-03
EP0048424A2 (fr) 1982-03-31
DE3035873A1 (de) 1982-05-06
NO813201L (no) 1982-03-24
JPS5787039A (en) 1982-05-31
EP0048424A3 (en) 1982-12-01

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