EP0037809B1 - Procédé pour la production de fonte liquide ou de prématériau d'acier et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production de fonte liquide ou de prématériau d'acier et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0037809B1
EP0037809B1 EP81890058A EP81890058A EP0037809B1 EP 0037809 B1 EP0037809 B1 EP 0037809B1 EP 81890058 A EP81890058 A EP 81890058A EP 81890058 A EP81890058 A EP 81890058A EP 0037809 B1 EP0037809 B1 EP 0037809B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
plasma
oxygen
iron
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81890058A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0037809A1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Dipl.-Ing. Stift
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Lugscheider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine AG
Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Korf Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG, Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH, Korf Engineering GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0037809A1 publication Critical patent/EP0037809A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0037809B1 publication Critical patent/EP0037809B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
    • C21B13/125—By using plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of molten pig iron or steel raw material from iron oxide-containing raw material particles, in particular pre-reduced iron ore, in which iron oxide-containing raw material particles are introduced from above into a fluidized bed formed from coal particles and an oxygen-containing carrier gas and heated, reduced and melted during passage through the same, and one Plant for carrying out the process.
  • the oxygen-containing carrier gas must be introduced just above the slag bath surface so that the fluidized bed reaches this surface. For this reason, in the known processes in the lower region of the fluidized bed, that is to say just above the slag bath surface, a zone with the highest temperature of the fluidized bed (high-temperature zone) is formed. This has the disadvantage that reoxidation of the iron ore particles which have already been reduced cannot be avoided with certainty in this zone.
  • the invention aims to avoid these disadvantages and difficulties and has the object to provide a method of the type described above and a system for carrying out the method in which the total energy use can be significantly reduced with much cheaper energy use, so that the reduction and Melting process can be carried out more economically than before.
  • the fluidized bed is additionally supplied with energy by plasma heating, the plasma heating taking place in the upper and / or adjoining central region of the fluidized bed and producing and maintaining a zone with the highest temperature of the fluidized bed there.
  • the additional energy input by means of plasma heating makes it possible to significantly reduce the total energy input due to the energy transmission, which is predominantly carried out by radiation (due to the high temperature of the plasma gas). Because the plasma heating takes place in the upper and / or adjoining central region of the fluidized bed and there creates and maintains a zone with the highest temperature of the fluidized bed, the temperature can be kept relatively low just above the surface of the slag bath, and reoxidation of the reduced (and already melted) iron ore particles just before they pass through the slag bath.
  • DD-A-28 565 For steelmaking, it is known from DD-A-28 565 to treat suspended ore suspended ore by means of a plasma torch using an addition of reducing gases.
  • DD-A-28 565 does not relate to a method according to the type described at the outset, since a fluidized bed formed from carbon particles and an oxygen-containing carrier gas and through which the raw material particles pass is not provided.
  • carbon carriers in solid and / or liquid form are advantageously introduced into the flame area of the plasma heater.
  • a reduction in the total energy input by up to 50% is possible if between 50 and 70% pre-reduced iron ore particles are introduced into the fluidized bed as iron oxide-containing raw material particles and are reduced in the fluidized bed.
  • Carbon carriers in solid and / or liquid form are advantageously blown into the fluidized bed from below.
  • inert gas is expediently blown into the fluidized bed from below.
  • a plant for carrying out the method has a refractory-lined melting vessel, which has openings for the addition of carbon and iron oxide-containing raw material particles and openings for slag or melt tapping and openings for introducing the oxygen-containing carrier gas, and is characterized in that in height of the fluidized bed, plasma burners are used in the vessel wall, the plasma burners being arranged in the upper and / or middle height range of the space of the melting vessel filled by the fluidized bed.
  • Nozzles for carbon carriers in solid and / or liquid form are advantageously provided adjacent to the plasma burners in the flame area of the plasma burners.
  • the plasma torches are directed towards a central axis of the melting vessel and are arranged in a ring around the axis of the vessel, the plasma torches being provided one above the other in several planes.
  • the plasma torches are expediently pivotable, in particular horizontally and vertically pivotable.
  • a preferred embodiment of the system is characterized in that bottom nozzles are provided in the bottom of the melting vessel for the supply of a carbon carrier and / or of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas and / or an inert gas.
  • Plasma torch 12 equipped with a closed arc, which can be designed as a direct current or alternating current burner, is used.
  • the plasma torches 12 are expediently provided in a ring shape in the side walls in one or more planes, it being particularly advantageous if they can be pivoted both vertically in the direction of the arrows 13 and horizontally.
  • a portion of the reducing gas that flows out through the opening 6 and is produced in the melting vessel 1 serves as the plasma-forming gas.
  • plasma-forming polyatomic gases and / or diatomic or monatomic inert gases can also be used.
  • nozzles 14 for supplying carbon carriers are provided on the side walls 9, 10 of the melting vessel 1, which introduce the carbon carriers, preferably solid or liquid carbon carriers, into the flame area of the plasma torch 12.
  • the oxygen-containing carrier gas which is used to generate the fluidized bed, is introduced into the melting vessel through gas nozzles 15, which are also arranged in the side walls of the melting vessel below the plasma torch. Both the nozzles 14 and the gas nozzles 15 can be pivoted to the same extent as the plasma torch.
  • a slag tap hole 16 is provided just below the gas nozzles 15.
  • a metal tap hole 18 is arranged in the vicinity of the bottom 17 of the melting vessel.
  • the floor itself has a few further nozzles 19 to 23, through which coal and / or coke dust 24, oxygen 25, inert gas 26, natural gas 27 or liquid carbon carrier 28 can be introduced into the melting vessel 1.
  • the function of the melting vessel is as follows: the pre-reduced iron ore 8 introduced from above, preferably in free fall, enters the fluidized bed 29, which extends from above the slag tap opening 16 to above the plasma torch 12, travels downwards, is heated, reduced and melted.
  • the molten metal 30 collects below the slag layer 31.
  • the reduction gas is generated by plasma heating of liquid and / or solid carbon carriers which are introduced into the flame area of the plasma torch 12 through the nozzles 14. Another heat input for the required process heat is obtained from the partial combustion of the carbon carriers used. This combined gasification, reduction and melting process can take place at normal pressure as well as at elevated pressure.
  • the carbon carriers introduced through the floor nozzles 19 to 23 (coal and / or coke dust, liquid hydrocarbons, natural gas, SNG - synthetic natural gas) and the gases introduced through the floor nozzles (oxygen and / or inert gas) are used to make corrections to the heat balance of the Fluidized bed and to stabilize the flow conditions.
  • oxygen and / or inert gas are used to make corrections to the heat balance of the Fluidized bed and to stabilize the flow conditions.
  • a major advantage of introducing energy into the combined gasification, reduction and melting process by means of plasma heating is the energy transfer that takes place primarily through radiation, which is caused by the high temperature (4,000 to 15,000 ° K) of the plasma gas.
  • the temperature just above the slag layer 31 can be kept relatively low, so that reoxidation of the already reduced iron ore can be avoided.
  • the likelihood of reoxidation in the upper or middle area of the fluidized bed is significantly lower than in the lower area of the fluidized bed and, if reoxidation does occur occasionally, this can occur in the area of the fluidized bed 29 below the high temperature zone, which area represents a compensation zone, so to speak , can be undone again.
  • Another advantage of the method according to the invention is the fact that the diameter of the melting vessel can be kept very large, which advantage through the bottom nozzles - due to the better vortexing of the Fluid bed - comes into play even more.
  • H The zone of highest temperature in the fluidized bed, due to the change in inclination of the plasma torch 12 and the nozzles 14 and 15, the various operating conditions can always be optimally taken into account.
  • B different flow velocities within the melting vessel or the respective height of the fluidized bed, which again depends on the particle size of the supplied ores and the supplied coke.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Procédé pour la fabrication de fonte liquide (30) ou de matériau de préparation de l'acier, constitué de particules de matières premières contenant de l'oxyde de fer, en particulier du minerai de fer préréduit (8), dans lequel les particules de matières premières contenant de l'oxyde de fer sont introduites par le haut dans un lit turbulent (29) formé de particules de carbone (7) et d'un gaz porteur contenant de l'oxygène et sont chauffées, réduites et fondues au cours de la traversée de ce bain, caractérisé en ce que l'on amène en outre de l'énergie au lit turbulent (29) par chauffage au plasma, étant précisé que le chauffage au plasma se fait dans la zone supérieure et/ou dans la zone médiane qui s'y raccorde du lit turbulent et y produit et entretient une zone à la température la plus élevée du lit turbulent.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que comme gaz produisant le plasma on utilise une partie du gaz réducteur formé dans le lit turbulent.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que dans la zone de la flamme du chauffage au plasma on introduit en outre des porteurs de carbone sous forme solide ou liquide.
4. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que comme particules de matières premières contenant de l'oxyde de fer, on introduit dans le lit fluidisant entre 50 et 70 % de particules de minerai de fer préréduites dont la réduction se poursuit dans le lit turbulent.
5. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que des supports de carbone, sous forme solide et/ou liquide, sont soufflés par en bas dans le lit turbulent.
6. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que de l'oxygène ou des gaz contenant de l'oxygène sont soufflés par en bas dans le lit turbulent.
7. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que du gaz inerte est soufflé par en bas dans le lit turbulent.
8. Installation pour l'exécution du procédé selon les revendications 1 à 7, comportant un creuset revêtu de réfractaire et qui présente des ouvertures pour l'introduction de particules de matières premières contenant du carbone et de l'oxyde de fer et des ouvertures pour la coulée du laitier et du bain, ainsi que des ouvertures pour introduire le gaz porteur contenant de l'oxygène, caractérisée en ce qu'au niveau du lit turbulent (29), des brûleurs à plasma (12) sont introduits dans la paroi du creuset, étant précisé que les brûleurs à plasma (12) sont disposés dans la zone supérieure/ou médiane du volume du creuset (1) occupé par le lit turbulent (29).
9. Installation selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les brûleurs à plasma (12) sont alignés en direction sur un axe central (11) du creuset (1).
10. Installation selon la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'à côté des brûleurs à plasma (12) sont prévues des buses (14) dirigées dans la zone de la flamme des brûleurs à plasma (12) pour des porteurs de carbone sous forme solide et/ou liquide.
11. Installation selon les revendications 8 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les brûleurs à plasma (12) sont prévus en disposition annulaire autour de l'axe (11) du creuset (1).
12. Installation selon les revendications 8 à 11, caractérisée en ce que les brûleurs à plasma (12) sont disposés en plusieurs plans l'un au-dessus de l'autre.
13. Installation selon les revendications 8 à 12 caractérisée en ce que les brûleurs à plasma (12) sont disposés pivotants, en particulier pivotants horizontalement et verticalement.
14. Installation selon les revendications 8 à 13, caractérisée en ce qu'au fond du creuset sont prévues des buses pour amener un porteur de carbone et/ou de l'oxygène ou un gaz contenant de l'oxygène et/ou un gaz inerte.
EP81890058A 1980-04-03 1981-04-02 Procédé pour la production de fonte liquide ou de prématériau d'acier et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé Expired EP0037809B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1828/80 1980-04-03
AT0182880A AT367453B (de) 1980-04-03 1980-04-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von fluessigem roheisen oder stahlvormaterial

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0037809A1 EP0037809A1 (fr) 1981-10-14
EP0037809B1 true EP0037809B1 (fr) 1985-08-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81890058A Expired EP0037809B1 (fr) 1980-04-03 1981-04-02 Procédé pour la production de fonte liquide ou de prématériau d'acier et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US4396421A (fr)
EP (1) EP0037809B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS56156708A (fr)
AT (1) AT367453B (fr)
AU (1) AU537907B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8102003A (fr)
CA (1) CA1160056A (fr)
DD (1) DD157915A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3171978D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES8205266A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI68264C (fr)
NO (1) NO153144C (fr)
PH (1) PH18456A (fr)
PL (1) PL130491B1 (fr)
SU (1) SU1118292A3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA812222B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0087405A1 (fr) * 1982-01-19 1983-08-31 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la réduction de minerais à particules fines contenant de l'oxyde
EP0182775A2 (fr) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-28 VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGENBAU GESELLSCHAFT m.b.H. Procédé pour la production de la fonte liquide ou des ébauches en acier ainsi que dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0189368A2 (fr) * 1985-01-21 1986-07-30 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé de fabrication de fonte
DE3603894A1 (de) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-06 Korf Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von fluessigem roheisen oder stahlvormaterial
EP0319836A1 (fr) * 1987-12-10 1989-06-14 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé et appareil pour la conduite d'un gazéificateur à fusion

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8201945A (nl) * 1982-05-12 1983-12-01 Hoogovens Groep Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor de vervaardiging van vloeibaar ijzer uit oxydisch ijzererts.
AT378970B (de) * 1982-12-21 1985-10-25 Voest Alpine Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von flùssigem roheisen oder stahlvorprodukten
AT382595B (de) * 1982-12-22 1987-03-10 Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff Anlage zur erzeugung von calciumcarbid
IN164687B (fr) * 1984-08-16 1989-05-13 Voest Alpine Ag
SE453304B (sv) * 1984-10-19 1988-01-25 Skf Steel Eng Ab Sett for framstellning av metaller och/eller generering av slagg fran oxidmalmer
DE3535572A1 (de) * 1985-10-03 1987-04-16 Korf Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von roheisen aus feinerz
US4654076A (en) * 1986-01-30 1987-03-31 Plasma Energy Corporation Apparatus and method for treating metallic fines
US4936908A (en) * 1987-09-25 1990-06-26 Nkk Corporation Method for smelting and reducing iron ores
DK158382C (da) * 1987-10-15 1990-10-22 Rockwool Int Fremgangsmaade ved fremstilling af en smelte til dannelse af mineraluld samt apparat til udoevelse af fremgangsmaaden
US6197088B1 (en) 1992-10-06 2001-03-06 Bechtel Group, Inc. Producing liquid iron having a low sulfur content
US5380352A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-01-10 Bechtel Group, Inc. Method of using rubber tires in an iron making process
US5320676A (en) * 1992-10-06 1994-06-14 Bechtel Group, Inc. Low slag iron making process with injecting coolant
US5338336A (en) * 1993-06-30 1994-08-16 Bechtel Group, Inc. Method of processing electric arc furnace dust and providing fuel for an iron making process
US5397376A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-03-14 Bechtel Group, Inc. Method of providing fuel for an iron making process
US5958107A (en) * 1993-12-15 1999-09-28 Bechtel Croup, Inc. Shift conversion for the preparation of reducing gas
AT404362B (de) * 1996-12-17 1998-11-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren und einschmelzvergaser zur herstellung von flüssigem metall
SE536291C2 (sv) * 2012-03-08 2013-08-06 Valeas Recycling Ab Järnreduktionsprocess och anordning därför
JP6125543B2 (ja) * 2013-01-31 2017-05-10 住友重機械工業株式会社 流動床燃焼炉及び流動床燃焼炉の運転方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2507141A1 (de) * 1974-02-20 1975-08-21 Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD28565A (fr) *
US2742352A (en) * 1952-03-05 1956-04-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Ore reduction process
LU34613A1 (fr) * 1955-08-31
GB1390351A (en) * 1971-02-16 1975-04-09 Tetronics Research Dev Co Ltd High temperature treatment of materials

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2507141A1 (de) * 1974-02-20 1975-08-21 Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0087405A1 (fr) * 1982-01-19 1983-08-31 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la réduction de minerais à particules fines contenant de l'oxyde
EP0182775A2 (fr) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-28 VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGENBAU GESELLSCHAFT m.b.H. Procédé pour la production de la fonte liquide ou des ébauches en acier ainsi que dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0182775A3 (en) * 1984-11-15 1986-09-03 Aktiengesellschaft Voest-Alpine Process for the production of molten pig iron or steel pre-products as well as arrangement for carrying out the process
EP0189368A2 (fr) * 1985-01-21 1986-07-30 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé de fabrication de fonte
EP0189368A3 (en) * 1985-01-21 1986-11-05 Korf Engineering Gmbh Process for making pig iron
DE3603894A1 (de) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-06 Korf Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von fluessigem roheisen oder stahlvormaterial
EP0236669A1 (fr) * 1986-02-05 1987-09-16 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé pour la fabrication de fonte liquide ou de matériau de préparation de l'acier
EP0319836A1 (fr) * 1987-12-10 1989-06-14 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé et appareil pour la conduite d'un gazéificateur à fusion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8302102A1 (es) 1982-12-16
AU537907B2 (en) 1984-07-19
SU1118292A3 (ru) 1984-10-07
DD157915A5 (de) 1982-12-15
AT367453B (de) 1982-07-12
ES508210A0 (es) 1982-12-16
ES501074A0 (es) 1982-06-01
DE3171978D1 (en) 1985-10-03
JPS56156708A (en) 1981-12-03
NO153144B (no) 1985-10-14
AU6907181A (en) 1981-10-08
PL130491B1 (en) 1984-08-31
BR8102003A (pt) 1981-10-06
US4396421A (en) 1983-08-02
ZA812222B (en) 1982-06-30
FI68264B (fi) 1985-04-30
NO811138L (no) 1981-10-05
FI811014L (fi) 1981-10-04
CA1160056A (fr) 1984-01-10
PL230508A1 (fr) 1981-12-23
ES8205266A1 (es) 1982-06-01
EP0037809A1 (fr) 1981-10-14
PH18456A (en) 1985-07-18
FI68264C (fi) 1985-08-12
ATA182880A (de) 1981-11-15
NO153144C (no) 1986-01-22

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