EP0025091B1 - Isolation pour haute tension, résistant à l'eau, pour câbles électriques et procédé pour leur fabrication - Google Patents

Isolation pour haute tension, résistant à l'eau, pour câbles électriques et procédé pour leur fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025091B1
EP0025091B1 EP80103644A EP80103644A EP0025091B1 EP 0025091 B1 EP0025091 B1 EP 0025091B1 EP 80103644 A EP80103644 A EP 80103644A EP 80103644 A EP80103644 A EP 80103644A EP 0025091 B1 EP0025091 B1 EP 0025091B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
insulation
water
silane compounds
grafted
voltage
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Expired
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EP80103644A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0025091A3 (en
EP0025091A2 (fr
Inventor
Hermann-Uwe Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Voigt
Cornelius Dipl.-Ing. Van Hove
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Kabelmetal Electro GmbH
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Kabelmetal Electro GmbH
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Application filed by Kabelmetal Electro GmbH filed Critical Kabelmetal Electro GmbH
Priority to AT80103644T priority Critical patent/ATE41075T1/de
Publication of EP0025091A2 publication Critical patent/EP0025091A2/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2813—Protection against damage caused by electrical, chemical or water tree deterioration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a high-voltage insulation which is resistant to the formation or growth of water trees on the basis of polyethylene homo- or copolymers for electrical cables, in which silane compounds are grafted onto the base materials in the presence of peroxides .
  • a known cable construction (US Pat. No. 4,145,567) is used in the same direction and for the same purpose, for example.
  • a compressible layer of a closed-cell foam is arranged directly above the insulation or the outer conductive layer, which is enclosed by a metal tape glued to the edges.
  • the tape edges are not to be expected to be permanently watertight.
  • This known mixture contains a high proportion of peroxides, with the aim of crosslinking the extruded mixture in a subsequent heat treatment process at temperatures preferably between 215 and 230 ° C.
  • This type of crosslinking presupposes that temperatures which are below the decomposition temperature of the respective peroxides are selected when shaping the insulation.
  • the known y-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilanes have no possibility of being grafted onto the molecules of the base material before the mixture containing these compounds is formed. In the absence of a chemical bond, there is therefore a risk that the known silanes as well as other additives, for example stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers and the like.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of ensuring permanent protection of the cable insulation against the influence of moisture, without having to switch to expensive new cable designs with perhaps other disadvantages.
  • silane compounds wherein R is a vinyl group and Y is an alkoxy group having less than 6 carbon atoms
  • the silane compounds are grafted onto the base materials in an amount of 0.2-10, preferably 1.0-3.0% by weight before the high voltage insulation is formed and that 0.05-0.1 parts peroxide, based on 100 parts polymer material, are used.
  • the chemical binding of the "inhibitors” guarantees permanent protection, since the silanes do not migrate out of the insulation, even at operating voltage and operating temperature. This grafting and thus the permanent protection against water trees is independent of whether the insulating material, e.g. Polyethylene, in the cross-linked or non-cross-linked state forms the cable insulation.
  • the silanes or corresponding compounds those which are already known, for example a vinyltrimethoxisilane, a vinyltriethoxisilane or similar vinylsilanes which have other hydrolyzable alkoxy groups instead of the methoxy or ethoxy groups, can be used. Depending on the requirements placed on the particular insulation, the stated amounts of silanes can be added to the mixture.
  • thermoplastic rubbers which are increasingly being introduced into technology, to graft silane compounds onto their molecules to increase the heat resistance of these materials and then to rub these rubbers crosslink by exposure to moisture.
  • these materials can also be called high-voltage-resistant (DE-A-2 554 944) and, owing to their resistance to petrol and oil, can be used, for example, as insulation for ignition cables in motor vehicle construction, where peak pulse voltages above 20 kV are expected, they remain However, apart from a possible voltage boost to higher kV values, if only because of the much lower resistance to heat compared to polyethylene and in particular to crosslinked polyethylene, this should not be considered when it comes to the high-voltage-proof insulation of electrical power cables.
  • a particularly advantageous continuation of the inventive idea results from the fact that the insulation, on the macromolecules of which the silane compounds protecting against water trees are grafted, is crosslinked by the action of moisture, and only in this way.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the destruction mechanisms summarized under the keyword “water treeing " only take place in the amorphous part of the insulation or in the border area crystalline / amorphous.
  • the crystallites with their higher density are on the one hand more resistant to charge carriers accelerated in the electric field , on the other hand, almost impenetrable for H 2 0 permeation, so that diffusing water fronts have to migrate around the crystallites, so that with increasing degree of crystallinity of the insulation, decreasing H 2 0 permeation can be expected
  • Suitable heat radiators or wet in the usual steam cross-linking systems the cross-linking bridges formed far above the crystallite melting range, then these cross-linking points act as embedded impurities in the subsequent cooling to room temperature and crystallization of the structure, which is known I greatly reduce the degree of crystallinity of the material treated in this way compared to an uncrosslinked material, but in the sense of the previous considerations make it more sensitive to the effects of water.
  • the crosslinking sites are formed in the already crystallized state of the insulation, ie exclusively and only in the amorphous regions.
  • the crystal structure itself remains largely undisturbed by cross-linking points, which represent weak points in the crystal structure for possible water trees.
  • the bundle-like, polyfunctional crosslinking sites in the amorphous region of the solidified base polymers or base copolymers forming the insulation also give the polymer material a higher structural strength. Both effects - high undisturbed crystallinity and crosslinking nodes in the amorphous area of the insulation - lead to an increased, above that Lifespan of the cable constant resistance to water tree growth.
  • the physico-chemical property of the siloxane group Si-O-Si to repel water also plays an important role in protecting an insulation according to the invention.
  • the polymer for example polyethylene, is quasi “hydrophobized”, i.e. water-repellent, in its amorphous areas. As a result, both the pure diffusion and the electrophoretic diffusion taking place under the influence of the alternating electrical field are slowed down and the material is therefore more resistant to water trees.
  • the preparation of a water-protected insulation according to the invention expediently takes place in such a way that the silanes or silane compounds are grafted onto the macromolecules of the base materials after the mixing and homogenization of the individual mixture components and before the molding.
  • the melted polymer material is subjected to a temperature treatment of e.g. Subject to 180-250 ° C. Either for isolation, either immediately afterwards or after an intermediate storage in a second processing stage.
  • water-repellent siloxane groups are formed exclusively in the amorphous region between the crystallites.
  • the inner conductive layer 2 is applied over the conductor 1, which consists of individual wires, in order to homogenize the surface in order to prevent field strength peaks.
  • the insulation 3, for example made of polyethylene, is arranged above it, which in turn is covered by the outer conductive layer 4. With 5 the reinforcement is designated, the outer jacket 6, z. B. made of polyvinyl chloride, gives the external mechanical protection.
  • the insulation 3 is said to be resistant to water trees, for this purpose it can consist of a wide variety of polymer materials, onto the molecules of which silanes or silane compounds are grafted.
  • the insulation can have the following composition:
  • Insulation according to the invention can be produced, for example, by means of two extruders connected in series (cascade technology).
  • the silanes contained in the mixture are mixed, homogenized and grafted in the first extruder, while the second extruder is used to shape the mass which has already been grafted and delivered via a connecting part.
  • the latter can also be degassed in the transfer area.
  • any other method is also suitable if it is only ensured that the added silanes or silane compounds are grafted.
  • a two-step process is also possible, in which the grafting process is carried out in the first step, then the grafted material is blended with a catalyst batch and, in a second step, the material thus prepared is finally shaped by a shaping extrusion.
  • High-voltage cables in the sense of the invention are therefore to be understood to mean all electrical cables which are preferably operated with an operating voltage of 20 kV and above.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)

Claims (1)

1. Procédé de fabrication d'une isolation à haute tension résistant à l'apparition ou à la croissance d'arbustes d'eau (water tree), sur la base d'homo- polymères, dans lequel les liaisons silanes sont greffées sur les matériaux de base en présence de peroxydes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme combinaisons silanes des combinaisons de formule générale:
Figure imgb0007
où R est un groupe vinyle et Y un groupe alcoyle, avec moins de 6 atomes de carbone, et les combinaisons silanes sont greffées sur les matériaux de base avant transformation de l'isolation à haute tension, en une quantité de (0,2 à 10), de préférence, (1,0 à 3,0%) en poids, et en ce que l'on utilise de (0,05 à 0,1) partie de peroxyde, rapporté à (100) parties de matériau polymère.
EP80103644A 1979-08-31 1980-06-27 Isolation pour haute tension, résistant à l'eau, pour câbles électriques et procédé pour leur fabrication Expired EP0025091B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80103644T ATE41075T1 (de) 1979-08-31 1980-06-27 Wasserfeste hochspannungsisolierung fuer elektrische kabel und verfahren zu deren herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2935224 1979-08-31
DE19792935224 DE2935224A1 (de) 1979-08-31 1979-08-31 Wasserfeste hochspannungsisolierung fuer elektrische kabel

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0025091A2 EP0025091A2 (fr) 1981-03-18
EP0025091A3 EP0025091A3 (en) 1981-09-02
EP0025091B1 true EP0025091B1 (fr) 1989-03-01

Family

ID=6079743

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EP80103644A Expired EP0025091B1 (fr) 1979-08-31 1980-06-27 Isolation pour haute tension, résistant à l'eau, pour câbles électriques et procédé pour leur fabrication

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0025091B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5636806A (fr)
AT (1) ATE41075T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6087480A (fr)
CA (1) CA1153798A (fr)
DE (1) DE2935224A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104240824A (zh) * 2014-10-11 2014-12-24 无锡鑫宏业特塑线缆有限公司 电动汽车高压电池连接线

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3318988A1 (de) 1983-05-25 1984-11-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektrische isolierungen
US4489029A (en) * 1983-06-01 1984-12-18 Union Carbide Corporation Compositions based on alkylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers and silanol condensation catalysts; and the use thereof in the production of covered wires and cables
JP2758594B2 (ja) * 1985-11-21 1998-05-28 日本電気株式会社 チャージポンプ回路
IT1186155B (it) * 1985-12-20 1987-11-18 Pirelli Cavi Spa Cavi elettrici e materiale per formare rivestimenti di conduttori di cavi elettrici
DE3628554A1 (de) * 1986-08-22 1988-03-03 Licentia Gmbh Kunststoffisolierung
DE3717971A1 (de) * 1987-05-27 1988-12-08 Hoogovens Aluminium Kabelwerk Elektrischer isolierstoff mit hoher elektrischer zeitstandfestigkeit
DE3739738A1 (de) * 1987-11-24 1989-06-08 Licentia Gmbh Kunststoffisolierung zur stabilisierung gegen spannungsinduzierte defekte
JP2675144B2 (ja) * 1989-06-19 1997-11-12 住友電気工業株式会社 電力ケーブル
US5372840A (en) * 1993-04-20 1994-12-13 Dow Corning Corporation Method for enhancing dielectric strength of cable using fluid having a high diffusion coefficient
US5372841A (en) * 1993-04-20 1994-12-13 Dow Corning Corporation Method for enhancing the dielectrical strength of cable using a fluid mixture
JP4855231B2 (ja) * 2006-12-05 2012-01-18 株式会社奥村組 屋根の遮熱システム
CN106504828A (zh) * 2015-07-26 2017-03-15 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 一种电力系统用高压电缆
CN115322377B (zh) * 2022-09-01 2024-03-26 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 一种预缩合电力电缆绝缘老化修复液及其制备方法和应用

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE786958A (fr) * 1969-01-22 1973-01-29 Raychem Corp Isolants haute tension.
DE2554944A1 (de) * 1975-12-06 1977-06-23 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Feuchtigkeitsvernetzter thermoplastischer kautschuk
DE2555018A1 (de) * 1975-12-06 1977-06-16 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Feuchtigkeitsvernetzbare umhuellung fuer langgestrecktes gut
DE2737430C2 (de) * 1977-08-19 1983-03-17 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Polyolefinisolierung mit einem Spannungsstabilisator
ZA787062B (en) * 1977-12-27 1980-04-30 Union Carbide Corp Wire or cable insulated with a dielectric composition stabilized against water treeing with organo silane compounds

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104240824A (zh) * 2014-10-11 2014-12-24 无锡鑫宏业特塑线缆有限公司 电动汽车高压电池连接线
CN104240824B (zh) * 2014-10-11 2016-11-09 无锡鑫宏业特塑线缆有限公司 电动汽车高压电池连接线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2935224A1 (de) 1981-03-19
EP0025091A3 (en) 1981-09-02
ATE41075T1 (de) 1989-03-15
AU6087480A (en) 1981-03-05
JPS5636806A (en) 1981-04-10
CA1153798A (fr) 1983-09-13
EP0025091A2 (fr) 1981-03-18

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