EP0024659B1 - Emballage à deux compartiments - Google Patents
Emballage à deux compartiments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0024659B1 EP0024659B1 EP80104853A EP80104853A EP0024659B1 EP 0024659 B1 EP0024659 B1 EP 0024659B1 EP 80104853 A EP80104853 A EP 80104853A EP 80104853 A EP80104853 A EP 80104853A EP 0024659 B1 EP0024659 B1 EP 0024659B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- inner container
- valve
- plunger
- pack according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 3
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000118 hair dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/60—Contents and propellant separated
- B65D83/64—Contents and propellant separated by piston
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/42—Filling or charging means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/68—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them
- B65D83/682—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them the products being first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head
- B65D83/687—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them the products being first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head the products being totally mixed on, or prior to, first use, e.g. by breaking an ampoule containing one of the products
Definitions
- the invention relates to a two-chamber pack with an essentially dimensionally stable outer container for a first filling material component provided with a dispensing valve, an inner container for a second filling material component arranged in the outer container and with means for mixing the two filling material components.
- Two-chamber packs of this type are e.g. known from US-A-3 718 235 and are used wherever different types of contents have to be stored separately and may only be brought together immediately before their use. As an example of this, only hair dyes and the like are given here.
- Essential requirements for such two-chamber packs are, on the one hand, structural simplicity and the associated low manufacturing costs, and, on the other hand, handling that is as simple and safe as possible, while at the same time ensuring good mixing of the individual filling components.
- the object of the invention is therefore to create a two-chamber pack that meets these requirements in particular.
- the two-chamber pack according to the invention is characterized by the features stated in claim 1.
- the two-chamber pack shown in Fig. 1 comprises an outer container 1 in the form of a commercially available aerosol can with a lid 2 and a commercially available aerosol valve as a dispensing valve 3.
- the dispensing valve is, as is usual with aerosol cans, contained in the lid 2, and this is tightly secured (clinched) on the opening edge 5 of the container 1 by means of a sealing ring 4.
- the dispensing valve 3 contains an actuating and outlet tube 6, which can be pressed inward against a spring 7 into the valve housing 8 and thereby connects the interior of the valve housing 8 with the container exterior.
- the valve housing 8 is in constant communication with its surroundings via an axial bore 9 and a lateral opening 10.
- an inner container 11 which is essentially tubular and is open at its lower end 12.
- the upper end 13 is closed by a cover 14, a check valve 18 consisting of a valve body 16 provided with a radial opening 16a and a sealing tube 17 being clamped between the upper opening edge 15 of the container and the cover 14.
- the valve body 16 is essentially cylindrical and has approximately in the middle an outwardly projecting flange 19 which rests on the opening edge 15 with the interposition of the sealing tube 17 and is held there by the cover 14.
- valve housing 16 forms an upwardly open tubular extension 20 which projects through an opening in the cover 14 and accommodates the lower, tapered part 21 of the housing 8 of the dispensing valve 3, the part 21 and the extension 20 preferably are mutually interlocked or otherwise connected in such a way that they cannot come loose without special force.
- the lower end 12 of the inner container 11 is provided with a series of outlet slots 22 which extend parallel to the container axis 23 and are arranged uniformly distributed over its entire circumference. As shown, the slots 22 can extend down to the opening edge 12 or end somewhat above the opening edge. Instead of the elongated slots, outlet openings shaped in some other way can also be provided.
- a displaceable piston 24 is arranged, which closes tightly against the container wall.
- the piston 224 is fixedly connected via a tapered piston rod 25 to a plate 26 which, in the position of the piston 24 shown, rests on the opening edge 12 of the container 11 and thus prevents the piston 24 from moving inward.
- the outlet slots 22 are arranged with respect to the starting position of the piston 24 shown so that there is no connection between them and the interior of the container. In its inner starting position, the piston 24 is therefore partially or completely above the slots 22.
- the piston 24 is inserted into the inner container 11 up to the stop formed by the plate 26 and then the desired filling component B is introduced into the container, the quantity of filling material being matched to the volume of the container 11 such that there is still a level above the filling level 27 free space 28 remains.
- the check valve 18 is now placed on the container and the whole is firmly closed with the lid 14.
- the dispensing valve 3 held in the cover 2 of the outer container 1 is now pressed into the extension 20 of the check valve 18, so that the cover 2, the dispensing valve 3 and the closed inner container 11 form a unit.
- the other filling component A is introduced into the outer container 1 and then the entire unit with the inner container 11 is inserted into the outer container 1 and the lid 2 is tightly attached to the opening edge 5 of the container 1.
- the quantity of product is also matched to the container volume in such a way that there is still a free space 30 above the product level 29.
- a liquid propellant gas 31 with a relatively high boiling point and low pressure is now filled into the package thus filled and sealed with the filling material via the dispensing valve 3.
- This fluid Propellant gas only reaches the outer container via the lateral opening 10 of the dispensing valve, since due to its low pressure it cannot overcome the barrier formed by the relatively tightly stretched sealing hose 17 of the check valve 18.
- a suitable propellant 31 is, for example, butane, isobutane or freon 114 0 .
- nitrogen is pressed into the package via the discharge valve 3 at a pressure of approximately 5 to 8 bar.
- the nitrogen - or another gas - can pass the check valve 18 due to its high pressure and forms a gas cushion 32, 33 of the same pressure above the product levels in the two containers 1 and 11. There is pressure equilibrium between the outer and inner container.
- the pack is now loaded and ready for sale or use.
- the nitrogen cushion in the outer container 1 is first released when the package is in the upright position by actuating the dispensing valve 3. Because the check valve 18 prevents the nitrogen from escaping from the inner container, there is a pressure difference between the inner and the outer container, due to which the piston 24 is suddenly moved downwards until the outlet slots 22 are in communication with the interior of the container. The nitrogen cushion in the inner container now drives the product component B with great force through the outlet slots 22 into the outer container 1, where it quickly and intimately mixes with the other product component A.
- the pack is reversed, so that the dispensing valve 3 comes to the bottom. In this position, the dispensing valve 3 is now actuated, the propellant gas still contained in the pack pressing the mixed filling material out of the pack.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant of a two-chamber pack according to the invention, which also meets the highest demands.
- the same parts are labeled the same as in FIG. 1.
- the most important difference compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is a second piston 34 which is arranged in the inner container 11 so as to be freely displaceable.
- This piston 34 separates the filling component B from the opposite gas cushion 33, so that the compatibility of filling material and compressed gas need not be taken into account.
- the pressure cushion is released from the outer container 1, the compressed gas in the inner container 11 moves the piston 34 downward and expels the filling material.
- the piston 34 then remains approximately at the level of the outlet opening and thereby prevents the inner container from filling up again with the filling material mixture.
- a further difference compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 consists in the design of the outlet openings at the lower end of the inner container 11. These are not designed here as slots, but as oblique bores 35, the axes 37 of which alternate in the same angle, but in the opposite direction to a perpendicular to the axis 23 of the container Reference plane 36 are inclined. 2a and 2b show this in detail. This design and arrangement of the outlet openings results in a particularly effective mixing of the two filling material components.
- FIG. 3 shows a particularly simple variant of the two-chamber pack.
- the same parts are again the same as in FIG. 1.
- the inner container 11 does not have its own lid, but rather has an integral bottom part which ends in a bottle-neck-like extension 38.
- This approach 38 corresponds to the valve body approach 20 of FIG. 1 and is used to fasten the inner container 11 to the dispensing valve 3.
- the approach 38 also forms the housing of the check valve, which here by a spring 39 and a valve ball 40, by the spring is pressed against the opening edge of the tapered part 21 of the dispensing valve 3, is formed.
- this variant is structurally particularly simple and therefore very cheap to manufacture.
- FIG. 4 finally shows a further, likewise very simple embodiment of a two-chamber pack according to the invention, in which the inner container 11 is loosely arranged in the outer container 1.
- Corresponding parts are also identified here in the same way as in FIG. 1.
- the loose arrangement of the inner container 11 requires a special design of the piston 24.
- This is provided with a one-piece riser pipe 41 and has a continuous axial bore 42, which also passes through the piston rod 25 and the plate 26 and opens into the outer container 1 .
- the riser pipe 41 extends into the gas space 28 above the product level 27 and there has a radial opening 43 which is closed by a rubber hose 44 located on the outside of the riser pipe. The latter, together with the riser pipe end, acts as a check valve like a bicycle tube valve.
- the gassing of the package that is to say the introduction of the nitrogen cushion, must take place in such a way that the dispensing valve points downward. Otherwise, the pack is to be handled in the same way as that shown in Fig. 1-3.
- the two-chamber pack according to the invention is particularly distinguished by its constructive simplicity and its simple handling and, at the same time, also permits a particularly intensive mixing of the individual filling material components.
- the outer container 1 with its lid 2 and the dispensing valve 3 contained therein is constructed in the same way as in FIG. 1.
- the inner container 11 at its lower end, has none Lateral slots, but ends with a closed opening edge 12.
- the piston 24 is also designed somewhat differently than in Fig. 1. It comprises a lower, the actual sealing effect achieving circumferentially ribbed plug part 241, an outer, the curvature of the bottom of the outer container 1 adapted stop part 242, which corresponds in its function to the plate 26 in FIG. 1, a sealing lip 243 which closes inwards at a distance from the stopper part 241 and which is axially somewhat elastically deformable and a few star-shaped guide projections 244.
- FIG. 5 shows the piston 24 in its inner end position
- FIG. 6 in its outer end position.
- the sealing lip 243 is located precisely at the level of the opening edge 12 of the inner container 11. Because of the elasticity of the lip 243, the filling component B can emerge from the inner container, but a backflow of filling material into the container is practically avoided, since the sealing lip 243 acts practically like a check valve after the pressure equalization.
- the upper end 13 of the inner container 11 is closed by a cover 14, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, a non-return valve being clamped between the upper opening edge 15 of the container and the cover 14, which comprises a valve body 16 with a lateral radial valve opening 16a and an elastic membrane or a sealing tube 17.
- the valve body 16 is designed as a tube or cylinder open at the top u. has in the vicinity of its upper end 20 a downwardly projecting flange 19 which rests on the opening edge 15 with the interposition of the sealing tube 17 and is held there by the cover 14.
- the upper end of the valve body 16 projects through a corresponding opening of the cover 14 and, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, is flush with the cover surface.
- the part of the valve body 16 protruding into the inner container is somewhat longer than in FIG. 1.
- the inner container is connected by means of the tubular extension 20 of the valve body 16 in a fixed spatial association with the tapered part 21 of the housing 8 of the dispensing valve 3.
- an elongated, tubular connecting element 50 is provided instead, which sits with its upper, expanded part 51 on the housing 8 of the dispensing valve 3.
- the lower, cylindrical part of the connecting element 50 projects loosely into the valve body 16 and, together with it, forms an axial guide for the inner container 11, along which the container loosely moves from the lower one shown in FIG. 5 to the upper one shown in FIG. 6 Position can be moved up and down in the longitudinal direction within the outer container.
- the enlarged part 51 is not completely immovable on the housing 8 of the dispensing valve 3, but can be moved axially from the lower position shown in FIG. 5 to the upper position shown in FIG. 6 against a certain frictional resistance.
- the widened part 51 is provided with a lateral passage opening 52 which is arranged axially and on the circumference in such a way that in the lower position it lies below the passage opening 10 of the dispensing valve and in the upper position lies at the height of this opening 10.
- the through opening 10 is thus blocked, so that the interior of the dispensing valve 3 is connected to the interior of the outer container 1 only via the tubular part of the connecting element 50 and the tubular valve body 16.
- the connecting element 50 is in its upper position (FIG. 6)
- the opening 10 is free and the dispensing valve 3 communicates directly with the interior of the outer container.
- the lower open end 53 of the tubular connecting element 50 forms, together with the bottom 161 of the valve body 16 designed as a valve seat, a valve which interrupts the connection between the dispensing valve 3 and the outer container 1 which leads via the interior of the hollow connecting element 50 and the valve body 16, if that End 53 of the connecting element 50 comes into contact with the bottom 161 of the valve body 16.
- the package is assembled as described in FIG. 1 and filled with filling material, propellant gas and compressed gas.
- the connecting element 50 assumes its lower position, shown in FIG. 5, relative to the dispensing valve 3.
- the dispensing valve 3 is now actuated with the pack upright (FIG. 5) and the compressed gas cushion located above the filling component A in the outer container is released.
- the compressed gas escapes via the valve body 16, the connecting element 50 and the dispensing valve 3. Because of the pressure imbalance between the inner and outer container which arises as a result, the piston 24 is moved from its inner end position into its outer, as in the other exemplary embodiments, in FIG. 6 brought end position shown and thereby the filling component B located in the inner container 11 is expelled from the inner container 11.
- the piston 24 stands with its stop part 242 on the bottom of the outer container. With his Movement from the inner into the outer end position, the inner container 11 is therefore suddenly shifted upwards. During this upward movement of the container 11, the lower end 53 of the connecting element 50 comes into contact with the bottom 161 of the valve body 16 and now also pushes the connecting element 50 upwards until it assumes its upper position relative to the dispensing valve 3, in which, as described above, the passage opening 10 of the dispensing valve 3 is free. Upon further actuation of the dispensing valve 3, the mixture of the two filling material components A and B located in the outer container emerges through the opening 10 via the dispensing valve 3, exactly as described in FIG. 1.
- the pressure cushion is not released when the package is held upright as shown in FIG. 5, but instead is attempted, for example, with the discharge valve 3 downward, the inner container 11 moves downward due to its own weight, ie in the direction of the discharge valve 3, which causes the lower end 53 of the connecting element 50 comes into contact with the bottom 161 of the valve body 16 and the connection from the interior of the outer container and dispensing valve is thereby interrupted, so that the filling material cannot escape through the dispensing valve 3.
- the pressure cushion can therefore only be released if the pack is kept in the correct upright position.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH770179 | 1979-08-24 | ||
CH7701/79 | 1979-08-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0024659A1 EP0024659A1 (fr) | 1981-03-11 |
EP0024659B1 true EP0024659B1 (fr) | 1983-05-18 |
Family
ID=4329218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80104853A Expired EP0024659B1 (fr) | 1979-08-24 | 1980-08-16 | Emballage à deux compartiments |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4340155A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0024659B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS5632266A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3063334D1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4518103A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1985-05-21 | Aerosol Services Co. | Method and apparatus for releasing additional ingredients in a pressurized container |
EP0079983B1 (fr) * | 1981-11-25 | 1985-04-10 | Future Patents Development Company S.A. F.P.D. | Réceptacle avec deux compartiments |
DE3237263A1 (de) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-12 | Deutsche Präzisions-Ventil GmbH, 6234 Hattersheim | Ventilsystem fuer druckgaspackung mit zweikomponentenprodukt |
DE3462776D1 (en) * | 1983-06-29 | 1987-04-30 | Future Patents Dev Fpd | Device for mixing and distributing a mixture composed of two elements, e.g. liquids, and a propelling gas |
DE3405064A1 (de) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-08-14 | F.P.D. Future Patents Development Co. S.A., Luxemburg/Luxembourg | Vorrichtung zum herstellen und verspruehen einer aus wenigstens zwei komponenten, z. b. fluessigkeiten, und einem treibgas bestehenden mischung |
DE3460955D1 (en) * | 1983-08-02 | 1986-11-20 | Aerosol Service Ag | Two-component package |
US5040704A (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1991-08-20 | Ccl Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dispensing product from a product bag |
EP1473246B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-28 | 2006-05-31 | Coster Tecnologie Speciali S.P.A. | Ensemble comportant une vanne de distribution et une poche liée étanchement avec celle-ci |
CA2532878A1 (fr) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-10 | Bryan James Larkin | Pulverisateur |
US20060124671A1 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-15 | Salemme James L | Dispensing multi-component products |
US9975656B2 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2018-05-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of manufacturing a piston aerosol dispenser |
WO2017061538A1 (fr) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-13 | 株式会社ダイゾー | Récipient à expulsion et procédé pour le recycler |
US11464889B2 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2022-10-11 | Ethicon, Inc. | Antimicrobial-containing silicone lubricious coatings |
US11712229B2 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2023-08-01 | Ethicon, Inc. | Systems, devices and methods for dispensing and curing silicone based topical skin adhesives |
US11718753B2 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2023-08-08 | Ethicon, Inc. | Topical skin closure compositions and systems |
US11479669B2 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2022-10-25 | Ethicon, Inc. | Topical skin closure compositions and systems |
US11589867B2 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2023-02-28 | Ethicon, Inc. | Anisotropic wound closure systems |
US11518604B2 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-12-06 | Ethicon, Inc. | Systems, methods and devices for aerosol spraying of silicone based topical skin adhesives for sealing wounds |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2956709A (en) * | 1958-03-24 | 1960-10-18 | Nison Morris | Centrifugal dispenser |
US3325056A (en) * | 1966-02-23 | 1967-06-13 | Du Pont | Apparatus for codispensing a plurality of liquids |
US3575317A (en) * | 1969-07-14 | 1971-04-20 | Dart Ind Inc | An aerosol dual-dispensing shutoff valve adapted to dispense a plurality of fluids from separate sources and to shut off automatically upon the depletion of one of the sources |
US3718235A (en) * | 1971-12-13 | 1973-02-27 | P Cronan | Spring trigger assembly for mixing dual liquids |
DE2221101C3 (de) * | 1972-04-28 | 1975-05-15 | Wolf-Geraete Gmbh, 5240 Betzdorf | Flaschenartiger Mischbehälter |
FR2212815A5 (fr) * | 1972-12-28 | 1974-07-26 | Oreal |
-
1980
- 1980-08-13 US US06/177,640 patent/US4340155A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-08-16 DE DE8080104853T patent/DE3063334D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-08-16 EP EP80104853A patent/EP0024659B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-08-23 JP JP11536880A patent/JPS5632266A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5632266A (en) | 1981-04-01 |
US4340155A (en) | 1982-07-20 |
DE3063334D1 (en) | 1983-07-07 |
EP0024659A1 (fr) | 1981-03-11 |
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