EP0024506A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour la coulée en lingotière de bandes métalliques, en employant une lingotière à surface chromée - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour la coulée en lingotière de bandes métalliques, en employant une lingotière à surface chromée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024506A1
EP0024506A1 EP80103687A EP80103687A EP0024506A1 EP 0024506 A1 EP0024506 A1 EP 0024506A1 EP 80103687 A EP80103687 A EP 80103687A EP 80103687 A EP80103687 A EP 80103687A EP 0024506 A1 EP0024506 A1 EP 0024506A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chill
chromium
molten metal
copper
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80103687A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0024506B1 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Freilich
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Allied Corp
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Allied Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0654—Casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/005—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0651—Casting wheels

Definitions

  • Methods are known for making continuous metal strip, of crystalline as well as amorphous (glassy) structure, directly from the melt by depositing molten metal onto the surface of a rapidly moving chill body whereon it is quenched to the solid state.
  • the chill body may be a rotating wheel, cup or cyclinder, and the molten metal may be deposited onto the peripheral surface of the wheel or onto the inner surface of the cup or cyclinder.
  • the chill body may also be a traveling belt, usually an endless belt.
  • the metal may be deposited onto the surface of the chill body by methods such as jetting the molten metal onto the surface, moving the surface in contact with a meniscus or pendant drop of the molten metal to drag out a film of the metal, or by dipping the surface of the chill body into a bath of molten metal.
  • the surface of the chill body must meet several requirements. First, it must be wetted by the molten metal, or else formation of continuous strip will not take place. Second, it must be non-reactive with ' the molten metal, that is to say the molten metal must not attack, and must not weld to the chill surface, or else the strip cannot be cleanly separated therefrom. Third, it must have good thermal conductivity to permit rapid removal of heat as is necessary to effect rapid solidification of the molten metal to permit formation of the molten metal, to permit formation of the glassy structure, and to optimize the properties of the metallic glass strip, especially to optimize its magnetic properties. Lastly, it must have sufficient wear resistance in continuous production of metal strip by the above-described quench casting process.
  • Wear ' resistance is an extremely important aspect of chill body performance.
  • High heat conductivity metals previously proposed to serve as chill body surface such as copper, beryllium copper or silver, do not have the desired wear characteristics.
  • an improvement in the method for making metal strip directly from the melt by depositing the molten metal onto the surface of a rapidly moving chill body which improvement comprises depositing the molten metal onto the surface of a chill body constructed of a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, molybdenum and alloys thereof having a surface coating of chromium of thickness of from about 0.002 to about 0.15 millimeter, and having surface roughness of about 0.25 to about 3 micrometers.
  • the present invention further provides an improvement in the apparatus for making thin metal sections, such as splats or strip, directly from the melt by depositing the molten metal onto the surface of .. a rapidly moving chill body, which apparatus includes a chill body having a surface adapted to receive molten metal to be deposited thereon for rapid quenching together with means functionally connected with said chill body for depositing molten metal onto its surface, wherein the improvement comprises providing a chill body constructed of a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, molybdenum and alloys thereof, having a surface coating of chromium of thickness of from about 0.002 to about 0.15 millimeter, and having surface roughness of about 0.25 to about 3 micrometers.
  • the chill body being constructed of copper, silver, molybdenum or alloys thereof it is meant that these metals furnish the heat extracting member of the chill body, or the "heat sink", which absorbs the heat of the molten metal to effect rapid quenching thereof to the solid state, desirably at rates in the order of 10 - 10 °K/sec., or higher, as may be required for formation of metallic glass bodies from glass-forming alloy melts.
  • heat sink which absorbs the heat of the molten metal to effect rapid quenching thereof to the solid state, desirably at rates in the order of 10 - 10 °K/sec., or higher, as may be required for formation of metallic glass bodies from glass-forming alloy melts.
  • the particular chromium surface further provides for good adhesion of the solidified metal strip, which is essential to effect thorough quenching of the metal if a ductile, amorphous metal strip is desired, yet it also affords clean release of the solidified strip from the surface. It is believed that the surprising improvement in soft magnetic properties of iron-based, boron-containing metallic glasses quenched on the chill body of the present invention, which has been observed, is due to such good adhesion and thorough quenching.
  • the particular chromium-coated chill bodies of the present invention combine the above-described advantageous wetting and quenching properties with excellent wear resistance.
  • the chill body may be a rapidly rotating drum of which the exterior surface is used as the chill surface; it may be a rapidly rotating cylinder whereof the inner surface furnishes the chill surface, a moving belt, a cup-shaped structure, or any other structure.
  • any means of depositing the molten metal onto the chill surface e.g. jetting, flowing, dragging, dipping and others may be employed, without restriction.
  • a strip is a slender body whose transverse dimensions are much less then its length.
  • strips may be bodies such as ribbons, sheets or wires, of regular or irregular cross-section.
  • Chill casting processes for making metal strip - polycrystalline as well as amorphous (glassy) metal strip - by depositing molten metal onto the surface of a rapidly moving chill surface of a heat extracting member (chill body) are well known. It has now been found that for use in such chill casting processes, chill bodies having heat extracting members of silver, copper, molybdenum or alloys thereof, which heat extracting members have a chromium-coated chill surface of very specific construction, have very desirable properties, especially for casting metallic glass strips of iron-based boron-containing alloys.
  • the chromium coating must be at least about 0.002 millimeter thick or else it is of little or no benefit, inter alia for the reason that it provides insufficient wear resistance. On the other hand, it may not be thicker than about 0.15 millimeters. I have found that substantially thicker chromium coatings result in insufficient quenching of the melt, and in general deterioration in physical properties of glassy metal strip cast thereon, especially loss in ductility and of magnetic properties, e.g. reduced maximum induction and permeability. Good results are obtained with chromium coatings having thickness of from about 0.01 to about 0.1 millimeter, more preferably of from about 0.01 to about 0.075 millimeter.
  • the second critical element is the surface texture of the chromium coat. It has been thought by those skilled in the metallic, glass casting art that it would be difficult or impossible to cast metallic glass strip by quench casting techniques on chromium surfaces, principally because of their relatively low heat conductivity. Not only that, it was further found that such strip, when cast on a smooth chromium surface, even a smooth, thin chromium surface of thickness within the range of that contemplated by the present invention, fails to adequately wet the surface and to adhere to the surface sufficiently to obtain good quenching of the strip. Consequently, strip cast on smooth chromium surfaces tends to be brittle, to have non-uniform properties, and to lack good magnetic properties. Such strip is commercially unacceptable.
  • thin chromium coats having very specific surface texture avoid the above-described shortcomings, and instead provide for a high degree of heat transfer from the melt deposited onto the chill surface to the underlying heat sink to effect rapid solidification of the melt, and for a high degree of adherence of the solidified strip to the chill surface, to effect thorough and rapid quenching to below the crystallization temperature of the metal strip, thereby producing strip having good magnetic and physical properties.
  • the surface roughness must be from about 0.25 to about 3.0 micrometers. Insufficient surface roughness below about 0.25 micrometers will tend to result in the above-described shortcomings of a smooth chromium surface.
  • the most preferred surface texture is a "satin finish", within the above-stated ranges of surface roughness, a satin finish being defined as a surface texture without visibly discernible lay, that is to say that surface roughness is the same measured in any direction.
  • a satin finish while providing the best results, is not absolutely necessary, and acceptable results are also obtained under conditions of discernible lay, such as where the finish runs longitudinal or transverse of the casting direction, or in any direction therebetween.
  • chill surface of the present invention is particularly advantageous when casting under vacuum (say under absolute pressure of less than about 25 mm. Hg), or when casting glass-forming alloys containing one or more refractory metals, and especially when casting such alloys under vacuum.
  • casting may take place against the peripheral surface of a rapidly rotating drum by jetting molten metal against that surface, as disclosed in the above-mentioned patents to Bedell et al. and Kavesh.
  • Casting may take place against the exterior surface of a rotating drum by drawing out the metal from a meniscus formed at a slotted nozzle, as described in U.S. Pat. 3,522,836 to King, or from a pendant, unconfined drop of molten metal as described in U.S. Pat. 3,896,203 to Maringer et al.
  • the peripheral surface of the rotating chill drum may be dipped into a bath of molten metal as described in U.S. Pat. 3,861,450 to Mobley et al., or the molten metal may be deposited under pressure from a slotted nozzle onto the chill surface, as described in U.S. Pat. 4,142,571 to Narasimhan.
  • the chill surface may be furnished by the interior surface of a rotating cylinder, as described in U.S. Pat. 3,881,540 to Kavesh and U.S. Pat. 3,881,542 to Polk et al., or as shown by Pond and Maddin in Trans. Met. Soc. AIME, 245 (1969) 2,475-6.
  • casting may take place into the nip two counter-rotating chill rolls, as for example described in U.S. Pat. 3,881,541 to Bedell, and by H.C. Chen and C.E. Miller, in Rev. Sci. Instrum. 41, 1237 (1970).
  • the chill surface may be furnished by the open concave surface of a rapidly rotating cup as disclosed in U.S. Pat. 2,825,108 to Pond; or a moving belt, desirably a moving endless belt, as described in U.S. Pat. 2,886,866 to Wade.
  • the disclosures of the above-mentioned patents and publications are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the chromium coating or plating is suitably applied to the substrate of copper, silver, molybdenum or alloys thereof by means of electroplating, using conventional electroplating procedures, although other the procedures may be employed, if desired.
  • Methods of chromium plating are well known, and generally involve passing a d.c. current through a suitable plating bath, e.g. one containing chromic acid together with a suitable "catalyst", typically sulfate ion provided by sulfuric acid, and using the surface to be plated as the cathode.
  • the chromium plating operation can be facilitated, and the adhesion of the chromium coating can be improved by first applying to the surface to be plated a thin (e.g. less than about 0.01 millimeter thick) "strike" coat of nickel, as is conventional in chromium plating operation.
  • the surface texture i.e. the above-described surface roughness
  • suitable abrasive such as emery cloth and the like
  • surface texture can suitably be obtained by abrading the chill surface with a suitable abrasive, such as emery cloth and the like, or by impinging a suitable finely divided hard powder against the chill surface, or by similar means.
  • a very effective means involves "slurry honing", which involves impinging a fluid stream containing finely divided suspended abrasive particles against the surface to be roughened.
  • the chill body When the chill body is to be made of molybdenum, it can be made by procedures usually employed for fabrication of molybdenum, including machining from solid stock, such as cast pieces, or fabrication by known powder metallurgical methods.
  • a particularly desirable embodiment of the present invention is a composite chill body, especially a chill roll, made of copper provided with a hoop of molybdenum, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the casting surface provided by the molybdenum is chromium plated and has the above-described surface texture.
  • chill roll 1 made of copper is mounted for rotation on shaft 2.
  • the exterior surface of chill roll 1 is provided with a hoop of molybdenum 3.
  • the hoop of molybdenum covers the total peripheral surface of the chill roll.
  • the molybdenum hoop may be affixed to the copper chill roll, e.g. by shrink fitting.
  • a molybdenum surface may be provided by any other conventional surface coating method, as for example oxyacetylene spraying, a method which involves feeding a molybdenum wire into the cone of an oxygen/acetylene flame to melt the metal, and then propelling the molten metal in droplet form against the surface to be coated.
  • suitable methods include plasma arc spraying and conventional cladding procedures.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention utilizing a copper-beryllium chill body from the conventional copper-beryllium alloys is also suit- ' able.
  • Apparatus employed was similar to that depicted in Fig. 4 employing a water-cooled copper chill roll having a 0.025 millimeter thick satin finish chromium coating with surface roughness of about .76 - .80 micrometers (about 30-34 P inch).
  • the chill roll had a diameter of 38.1 cm (15 inch), and it was rotated at a speed to provide peripheral velocity of from 914 to 1067 meter/min (3000-3500 ft/min).
  • the nozzle for depositing the molten metal had an orifice of 2.54 cm (1 inch) length and 0.5 mm (20 mil) width. The gap between the chill surface and the nozzle was about 0.25 mm (about 10 mil).
  • Alloy of composition Fe 81 B 13.5 Si 3.5 C 2 was ejected through the nozzle into contact with the rotating chill surface under pressure at the rate of about 4.53 kg./min..(10 lbs/min). It solidified on the surface of the chill roll into a strip 2.54 cm (1 inch) wide and about 0.038 cm (1.5 mil) thick.
  • chromium coated chill roll did not show any discernible wear after 110 kg of metal had been cast in 12 consecutive runs of about equal size, each on the same "track".
  • a plain copper wheel would show considerable wear after a single run, and the chill surface would require "dressing" after each individual run to restore the chill surface to the necessary degree of smoothness required to make strip of acceptable surface characteristics.
  • the strip cast on the chromium plated surface having specific surface texture has substantially improved magnetic properties as compared to strip cast in conventional manner on a copper chill surface. Differences in magnetic properties from beginning to the end of the run are substantially less in each instance. Transformers made from strip cast on such chromium plated chill roll will have substantially improved efficiency, in that they will have greatly reduced core losses, and greatly reduced VA demand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
EP19800103687 1979-08-13 1980-06-30 Dispositif et procédé pour la coulée en lingotière de bandes métalliques, en employant une lingotière à surface chromée Expired EP0024506B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6625479A 1979-08-13 1979-08-13
US66254 1979-08-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024506A1 true EP0024506A1 (fr) 1981-03-11
EP0024506B1 EP0024506B1 (fr) 1984-09-12

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EP19800103687 Expired EP0024506B1 (fr) 1979-08-13 1980-06-30 Dispositif et procédé pour la coulée en lingotière de bandes métalliques, en employant une lingotière à surface chromée

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0024506B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS599259B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1160423A (fr)
DE (1) DE3069151D1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4660622A (en) * 1984-01-26 1987-04-28 Veb Rohrkombinat, Stahl Und Walzwerk, Riesa Method for the making of microcrystalline metallic materials
US5469909A (en) * 1992-12-22 1995-11-28 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling drum for a continuous casting system and method for manufacturing the same
EP0687515A1 (fr) * 1994-06-13 1995-12-20 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Rouleau de refroidissement pour la coulée continue et procédé pour produire ce rouleau
WO1996033828A1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-31 Alliedsignal Inc. Substrat de trempe homogene
US5842511A (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-12-01 Alliedsignal Inc. Casting wheel having equiaxed fine grain quench surface
CN1051262C (zh) * 1994-06-20 2000-04-12 三菱重工业株式会社 连续铸造装置的冷却筒及其制造方法
WO2001032334A1 (fr) * 1999-11-04 2001-05-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Cylindre refroidisseur, procede de fabrication de materiau a aimants, materiau a aimants de type a bande mince, poudre a aimants et aimant de liaison
US6668907B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2003-12-30 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Casting wheel produced by centrifugal casting
US6764556B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2004-07-20 Shinya Myojin Copper-nickel-silicon two phase quench substrate
US7291231B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2007-11-06 Metglas, Inc. Copper-nickel-silicon two phase quench substrate
US8122937B2 (en) 2007-10-12 2012-02-28 Nucor Corporation Method of forming textured casting rolls with diamond engraving
WO2014184007A1 (fr) 2013-05-17 2014-11-20 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé et dispositif de refusion et/ou d'alliage de refusion de matières métalliques, notamment de nitinol

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58122794U (ja) * 1982-02-15 1983-08-20 日本重化学工業株式会社 地熱発電用プラント
EP0320572B1 (fr) * 1987-12-17 1992-12-23 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Cylindre de refroidissement pour la fabrication de bandes métalliques minces trempées

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE814925C (de) * 1941-12-04 1951-09-27 Wieland Werke Ag Giessform zum stetigen Giessen von Metallen
DE969000C (de) * 1951-03-09 1958-04-17 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Stranggiesskokille
DE1508975A1 (de) * 1966-10-22 1970-01-22 Schloemann Ag Metallgussform
DE2701636A1 (de) * 1977-01-17 1978-07-20 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Kokille aus metall zum stranggiessen von metallen
DE2838296A1 (de) * 1977-09-20 1979-03-29 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd Verfahren zur herstellung einer kokille fuer stranggiessen
DE2842421B1 (de) * 1978-09-29 1979-07-05 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallbaendern
DE2837432A1 (de) * 1977-09-12 1979-07-26 Sony Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer amorphen legierung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE814925C (de) * 1941-12-04 1951-09-27 Wieland Werke Ag Giessform zum stetigen Giessen von Metallen
DE969000C (de) * 1951-03-09 1958-04-17 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Stranggiesskokille
DE1508975A1 (de) * 1966-10-22 1970-01-22 Schloemann Ag Metallgussform
DE2701636A1 (de) * 1977-01-17 1978-07-20 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Kokille aus metall zum stranggiessen von metallen
DE2837432A1 (de) * 1977-09-12 1979-07-26 Sony Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer amorphen legierung
DE2838296A1 (de) * 1977-09-20 1979-03-29 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd Verfahren zur herstellung einer kokille fuer stranggiessen
DE2842421B1 (de) * 1978-09-29 1979-07-05 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallbaendern

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4660622A (en) * 1984-01-26 1987-04-28 Veb Rohrkombinat, Stahl Und Walzwerk, Riesa Method for the making of microcrystalline metallic materials
US5469909A (en) * 1992-12-22 1995-11-28 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling drum for a continuous casting system and method for manufacturing the same
US5588582A (en) * 1992-12-22 1996-12-31 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for manufacturing a cooling drum for a continuous casting system
EP0687515A1 (fr) * 1994-06-13 1995-12-20 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Rouleau de refroidissement pour la coulée continue et procédé pour produire ce rouleau
CN1051262C (zh) * 1994-06-20 2000-04-12 三菱重工业株式会社 连续铸造装置的冷却筒及其制造方法
WO1996033828A1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-31 Alliedsignal Inc. Substrat de trempe homogene
US5842511A (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-12-01 Alliedsignal Inc. Casting wheel having equiaxed fine grain quench surface
US6668907B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2003-12-30 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Casting wheel produced by centrifugal casting
WO2001032334A1 (fr) * 1999-11-04 2001-05-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Cylindre refroidisseur, procede de fabrication de materiau a aimants, materiau a aimants de type a bande mince, poudre a aimants et aimant de liaison
US6536507B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2003-03-25 Seiko Epson Corporation Cooling roll, method for manufacturing magnet material, ribbon shaped magnet material, magnetic powder and bonded magnet
US6764556B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2004-07-20 Shinya Myojin Copper-nickel-silicon two phase quench substrate
US7291231B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2007-11-06 Metglas, Inc. Copper-nickel-silicon two phase quench substrate
DE10392662B4 (de) 2002-05-17 2019-05-09 Metglas, Inc. Kupfer-Nickel-Silizium Zwei-Phasen Abschrecksubstrat
DE112004001542B4 (de) * 2003-08-21 2014-05-28 Metglas, Inc. Kupfer-Nickel-Silizium Zweiphasen-Abschrecksubstrat
US8122937B2 (en) 2007-10-12 2012-02-28 Nucor Corporation Method of forming textured casting rolls with diamond engraving
WO2014184007A1 (fr) 2013-05-17 2014-11-20 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé et dispositif de refusion et/ou d'alliage de refusion de matières métalliques, notamment de nitinol
DE102013008396A1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2014-12-04 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umschmelzen und/oder Umschmelzlegieren metallischer Werkstoffe, insbesondere von Nitinol
DE102013008396B4 (de) * 2013-05-17 2015-04-02 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umschmelzen und/oder Umschmelzlegieren metallischer Werkstoffe, insbesondere von Nitinol
DE202014011248U1 (de) 2013-05-17 2018-10-25 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Umschmelzen und/oder Umschmelzlegieren metallischer Werkstoffe, insbesondere von Nitinol, und entsprechende Halbzeuge
US10422018B2 (en) 2013-05-17 2019-09-24 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for remelting and/or remelt-alloying metallic materials, in particular Nitinol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5630061A (en) 1981-03-26
EP0024506B1 (fr) 1984-09-12
JPS599259B2 (ja) 1984-03-01
CA1160423A (fr) 1984-01-17
DE3069151D1 (en) 1984-10-18

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