EP0024263A1 - Device and method for dispensing pressurised liquid or pasty products - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and the device facilitate the combination of the advantages for the aerosol containers containing pressurized gazeous propellants as well as for those containing free gazeous propellants, so that the disadvantages of both systems may be avoided and that an aerosol container which is easy to use and not harmful for the environment may be obtained. By means of the resilient container (2), which adapts to the volume of product (19) and acts on that product with a substantially constant pressure through a resilient envelope (4), the progressive increase of the free volume filled by the gas dissolved from the start in the product (19), due to the lessening of product is it is released, is avoided, as well as, eventually, the use of the product in gazeous form only whenever, due to ageing of the envelope (4), the mechanical pressure acting on product (19) drops under a predetermined value. This loss of mechanical pressure is thereby avoided owing to the gaz pressure. It is possible to use a gas which is not harmful for the environment, such as CO<u2>u or N<u2>uO in an aerosol container while keeping the same quality.

Description

The present invention relates to a device and a method for automatically maintaining a constant pressure on liquid media, which device is intended for dispensing pressurized liquid or creamy products, at least containing an inner elastic container (2), a tensioning element made of macromolecular material Rubber type, a valve which is connected to the elastic container and a solid core and is comprised of the elastic container and the elastic strapping element.

It is known that propellant gases such as chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons or butane-propane mixtures not only serve as expulsion energy in the aerosol cans, but also when relaxing in contact with the outside air not only significantly reduce the product drops mechanically reduced by the related atomizers, but also very quickly evaporate, because every droplet also contains a certain amount of gas. Since these liquid propellants also serve as solvents, it goes without saying that the product concentrates dissolved in them actually achieve the desired effect, especially with insecticides and air fresheners. In the case of hair lacquer, perfumes, body deodorants, etc., of course, the majority of the product concentrates are lost due to premature evaporation. This can be made easily visible by spraying a surface with a commercially available paint spray. If it is a light color, you will find a finely divided layer of paint on dark objects even 2 m away from the sprayed object.

In the course of a reduction in the propellant gas part in aerosol cans caused by the ozone controversy, new recipes were developed that replace the reduced propellant gas quantity with incombustible solvents such as methylene chloride, 1, 1, 1, trichloroethane or even water and additionally add C02 or nitrous oxide as a pressure medium.

Methylene chloride is used especially because of its low boiling point of 40 ⁰ C and its evaporation number of 2 (ether = 1) in order to achieve the required rapid evaporation with hair lacquers, insecticides and air fresheners. It is also cheaper than ethanol.

The use of C02 or nitrous oxide in aerosol cans is limited only acceptable, it osenrestvolumens is proportional to a pressure loss of product output amount and the associated increase of the _D, affects the qualities such as linear ejection volume constant particle size and so on.

The inventor of the present invention has developed an alternative for the known gas aerosol bombs, which, under the title "Device for the Dispensing of Gaseous, Liquid or Creamy Products and Processes for Their Manufacture" in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 27 47 045 of April 27, 1978.

This device contains an inner bag made of deformable but non-stretchable material for receiving the product and an element enveloping this bag made of macromolecular material of the rubber type. With the bag is a valve element for controlling the delivery quantity of the product and a product dispensing element connected. There is a core inside the bag, the cross-sectional area of which is at least 40% larger than the cross-sectional area inside the untensioned wrapping element. The maximum filling volume of the device is determined by the dimensioning of the bag. When filled, the enveloping element is not stretched beyond the point where it leaves the linear zone of its expansion diagram. The device can be provided with valves and nozzles which enable microscopic atomization of aqueous solutions under a pressure which is very low compared to the usual spray cans.

Furthermore, a core is described, the cross-sectional area of which is preferably 75% larger than that in the interior of the unclamped covering element. It is thereby achieved that the wrapping element cannot contract as far as, even after permanent deformation, it leaves the linear zone of its expansion and contraction diagram. This is of the utmost importance because the linear zone extends from approx. 30% to 45% elongation. This means that when the permanent elongation is 30%, the 75% larger core limits the contraction of the wrapping element by the percentage where - despite permanent stress and aging stretching - the stretched wrapping element is still in the linear zone.

In the Swiss patent application No. 2024 / 78-6 "spray nozzle and spray nozzle-containing device and method for the production thereof" of the inventor of the present invention, a hollow core is described, in the interior of which there is another hollow core whose outside diameter is smaller than the inside diameter of the outer ohlkerns _H, the resultant so between these two nested hollow cores cavity serves as a riser. This solution limits the non-ejectable product to approx. 2% of the total filling volume.

The aforementioned patent application No. 2024 / 78-6 also describes a spray nozzle which, by mechanical swirling, is capable of enabling microscopic atomization even at a very low pressure compared to the usual spray cans or pump atomizers.

• - der Stress, den eine Expansion von 450 % ausübt, zu einer permanenten Dehnung durch Veränderung der Makromoleküle des Kautschuks führt, was eine Verdünnung der Wandstärke des Umhüllungselementes zur Folge hat und, da die Wandstärke einen Druckfaktor darstellt, diese Verdünnung zu einer Druckminderung führt;
• - die Alterung durch Oxydation ebenfalls einen Spannungsverlust zum Resultat .hat, der wiederum zu einem Druckverlust führt.

The now two-year experience with this known device shows that the permanent elongation of a wrapping element after expansion of 450% reaches about 30% for 12 months, but the pressure loss is not identical in percentage terms, since:

• the stress exerted by an expansion of 450% leads to permanent expansion by changing the macromolecules of the rubber, which results in a thinning of the wall thickness of the wrapping element and, since the wall thickness is a pressure factor, this thinning leads to a reduction in pressure;
• - Aging due to oxidation also results in a loss of tension, which in turn leads to a loss of pressure.

The devices described in the aforementioned Patentanameldungen be used for a wide range of products as a package with mechanical pressure emissions created for those products where neither the seconds _A usstossvolumen play, nor the quality of atomization, especially the Parikelgrösse a role. Such Products related to mainly creamy substances, but also body deodorants, anti-perspirants, after-shave lotions, eaux-de-cologne, perfumes, cosmetic lotions and various technical products that make up around 40 _{% of} the global market, i.e. around 2.4 billion units of the current gas aerosol bombs.

However, as soon as products such as hair varnish, insecticides and air fresheners are to be packaged in the system described in the aforementioned patent applications, new foundations have to be created.

_H aarlack, about 30% of the global aerosol market, or about 2 billion units per year, requires a particle size of about 10 microns, which must be discharged at a high speed, so that they not only fall on the hair, but also to lie in between come to guarantee an airy hairstyle through an invisible fixation. Furthermore, the hair lacquer must dry as quickly as possible to avoid streaking when pushing the hairstyle into place.

Insecticides and air fresheners, together about 12% of _W eltmarktes, or about 750 million units per year, requiring a particle size of about 5 microns, so that they float in the air and neither furniture nor stain walls and parquet. You must also leave the packaging at high speed to penetrate as much as possible into the room to be treated.

The inner bag of the device described in the DOS mentioned must be welded from a plasticized aluminum foil in order to be gas-tight and spore-tight, the material being as thin, ie as flexible as possible must be possible in order to provide the wrapping element with as little mechanical resistance as possible.

• - bei einer Dehnung von 450 % nach 100 Tagen Lagerzeit ca. 0,30 bar pro Millimeter Wandstärke, was bei 4 mm Wandstärke einen mechanischen Druck von 1,2 bar darstellt.

The covering element must be made of natural rubber of the highest purity in order to achieve the greatest possible permanent elasticity, which limits the risk of pressure loss. Unfortunately, such a rubber releases very little power:

• - With an elongation of 450% after 100 days of storage, approx. 0.30 bar per millimeter wall thickness, which means a mechanical pressure of 1.2 bar with a wall thickness of 4 mm.

Experience has also shown that this already low pressure is reduced by long-term storage and after 24 months of storage with the above-mentioned quality, only a pressure drop of approx. 0.7 bar is found.

The spray nozzle described in patent application no. 2024 / 78-6 is able to compensate for certain pressure losses in such a way that the particle size remains small enough, but it cannot prevent a reduction in the second ejection rate and that the ejection speed decreases, But what is not acceptable for hair lacquers, various medications, insecticides and air fresheners and, of course, depending on customer taste, also for the products to be sprayed described above.

It is advantageous to take full advantage of the atomization quality of the spray nozzle and thus to make the described device as perfect as possible imitation of gas aerosol bombs, to keep the ejection pressure constant, preferably at 2.5 bar, and additionally one in contact with the product relaxing the outside air To have a component which, when relaxed inside the bag, is in no case able to produce a higher pressure than intended.

The quickly evaporating products such as hair varnishes, insecticides, air fresheners, leather care products, ski waxes, shoe creams etc. demand as a solvent e.g. Methylene chloride, trichlorethylene, 1, 1, 1, trichloroethane, which additionally have the advantage of being non-flammable, but which must be stored in containers which are resistant to these solvents. The bag described in the aforementioned patent applications has a polyethylene or polypropylene film as the inner covering. However, the abovementioned solvents migrate through these foils and dissolve the adhesive that connects them to the polyester or aluminum foil. This dissolving of the adhesive would still be acceptable if there were no delamination behind the weld seams, which then makes the bag leak.

Furthermore, it is found that if a high vacuum is not created before the bag of the above devices is filled, an air bubble is formed during the filling, which air consists of the air in the core and in the folds of the bag. However, since the filling pressure must be around 6 bar in order to overcome the stretch resistance of the wrapping element, this air bubble lies between the penetrating liquid level, which acts like a piston, and the mechanical resistance of the wrapping element, on the one hand, and the non-stretchable aluminum bag, on the other, that also , due to assembly, unfolds only with difficulty when filling. Ultimately, there is such a reduction in volume of this air bubble and thus one such an inevitable increase in air pressure that the aluminum bag eventually bursts.

_M an can get around this by first mhüllungselement the _U before filling and then the aluminum bag maximum filled with air to even elicit a whole, actually oversized internal volume to unfold and then emptied it filled air without a vacuum. This means that the air bubble is compressed, but because the oversized, fully unfolded bag offers enough space, it cannot reach the pressure that could cause the bag to burst.

However, if this is not counteracted, this solution leads to the wrapping element becoming longer, as a result of which its wall thickness becomes thinner. A pressure drop of up to 0.5 bar is therefore found. The solution is also uneconomical because it requires several operations which have to be carried out shortly before filling, usually at the customer's premises, in order to prevent the aluminum bag from being stored in the "wild" folds caused by the deformation during longer, unfilled storage brittle: becomes. Furthermore, the customer has to purchase a special machine for this preforming, which has an unfavorable price for small quantities and also gives him the feeling that he is dealing with an unfinished system, a feeling that seems all the more justified than practical All of the predecessors of the devices described, mentioned in the aforementioned patent applications, have never become fully functional due to technical shortcomings.

The aluminum bag described in the aforementioned patent applications is comprised of a pleated composite film which is welded to the side lengths, so that the e- ^g fold point becomes the bottom of the bag. This has to be because, due to the open wrapping element spanning the bag bottom, the bag contents come into contact with the atmospheric pressure, as a result of which the thrust resulting from the wrapping element squeezing pressure fully affects the bag bottom, which relieves the side weld seams. If the bag bottom had been welded, this weld seam would tear, as tests have shown. In the embodiment described, however, the bag bottom bulges in the direction of the valve and thus in the direction of the core. Therefore, the core must be considerably shorter, approx. 20 mm, than the length of the bag, otherwise the curvature of the bag base in the direction of the core would result in perforation of the bag base through the core. However, a shorter core means product loss due to the product remaining in the part of the bag that is not around the core and leads to a loss of pressure when the device is nearing final emptying, since the core missing in this part does not hinder the wrapping element can get into the zone where there is no linear pressure.

The resistance to stretch which the open end of the sheathing element emits is less than that at the level of its attachment to the valve. This means that when the bag is filled, it first expands at the bottom of the bag, than where the resistance of the wrapping element is at its lowest, which leads to the aforementioned curvature of the bottom of the bag.

The dimensioning of an aforementioned device is determined by the outer diameter of the commercially available aerosol cans and held so that it does not disturb the habits of the consumer, especially as regards the handiness of erosoldosen _A.

An example is a commercially available format, in which the outer diameter of the can is 50 mm and the inner diameter, depending on the wall thickness, e.g. Is 48 mm.

Considering that after an elongation of 450% of the _U whose wall thickness mhüllungselementes only after about 1 mm, the result is a diameter of the product column of about 46 mm, that is, a 1 cm high product column has a volume of :

Will man diesem mittels Kern eine Vorspannung von 75 % geben, so muss der Aussendurchmesser des Kerns

betragen.A wrapping element, which has an inside diameter of 46 mm at 450% elongation, has an inside diameter of untensioned, unused

If you want to give it a pre-tension of 75% using the core, the outer diameter of the core must be

be.

Eolglich:

Since the core contains no product, its volume must be subtracted from the aforementioned filling volume of 16.61 cm ³ , that is,

So:

These calculations show that the core only accounts for 10% of the filling volume.

After filling, the aforementioned device takes on either a conical-oval or ovoid-oval shape thanks to the shape of the aluminum bag, both of which lead to a substantial lengthening of the wrapping element. An outer container containing the aforementioned device cannot be precisely adapted to the aforementioned device for aesthetic or technical reasons. Furthermore, an outer container must offer enough space to accommodate the extension part of the wrapping element that results from the filling process, unless it is cut off. However, this is not only uneconomical because of the additional work that arises as a result, but when the device is emptied it can happen that when the wrapping element is shortened, the cut-off part is missing and the aluminum bag escapes from the wrapping element. The extended wrapping element therefore requires a longer outer container, which causes a lost volume that is not filled with product.

The legislation of different countries, however, only allows a maximum of 30% lost volume for printed packs, otherwise a pack is considered a fake pack.

So you have to create a device that avoids an unauthorized, lost volume of an outer container.

The measurements, which now extend over more than 24 months, show the behavior of the rubber of the wrapping element and it is found that the inside is diameter of the enveloping member after 12 months of storage has increased at an elongation of 450% to about 30%, but that of the voltage and thus pressure loss between the _F ülltag and the 365th day is approximately 70%, that is, immediately after the Filling shows an aforementioned device with an elongation of 450%, an ejection pressure of 3.2 bar and on the 365th day such a pressure of 0.9 bar.

On the other hand, the loss of tension after 12 months of storage under an expansion of the wrapping element of 225% is only 19%, which means that immediately after filling, an ejection pressure of 3 bar and on the 365th day of 2.3 - 2.5 bar is measured. Differences in the measurements result from the high tolerances that apply to rubber, because multiple factors such as rubber mixture, filling material, accelerator, type of vulcanization, vulcanization time, heat of vulcanization play a role in quality, among other things. In addition, measurement fluctuations result from the atmospheric external pressure if the measurements are not carried out under identical conditions. The ambient temperature during storage also influences the aging process of the rubber. So you may switch _M essunterschiede of + 15% fixed. These circumstances force the manufacturer of the aforementioned device to take measures to keep the voltage loss and the associated scatter percentage as low as possible.

The present invention is therefore the object of the disadvantages of the known device for dispensing gaseous liquid-described and other, ^I sigen or creamy products by means of a device for automatically maintaining a constant pressure acting on liquid media to overcome und.eine Vorrich tion that can be used for the majority of products stored in gas aerosol cans.

In addition, the invention is intended to include a method that serves the same purpose and include a manufacturing method for the device.

According to the invention, this object is achieved on the one hand by a device which is characterized in that the elastic container is made of rubber, which is resistant to the respective product stored therein, that the tensioning element is made of natural rubber, that the inside diameter of the elastic container is before it is attached the core corresponds to the outer diameter of the same, that the inner diameter of the elastic clamping element in the untensioned state is at least 20% smaller than the outer diameter of the core plus the wall thickness of the elastic container attached to it, but is not more than 25% smaller, and that core, elastic container and elastic tensioning element are firmly and sealingly connected to one another in the region of the two core ends.

• In der Vorrichtung der vorliegenden Erfindung wird dem Produkt kein Treibgas beigemischt. Co2, N20 oder N2 können in der eingesetzten Form nicht als flüssige Treibgase im herkömmlichen, für Aerosoldosen geltenden Sinn, betrachtet werden. Sie sind lediglich als in zwei ihrer möglichen Phasen angewandt anzusehen und zwar entweder in einem Medium gelöst oder als inerte Gase ungelöst. Sind sie gelöst, so haben sie keinerlei Druckwirkung, und sind sie gasförmig, so vermindert sich ihr Druck, sobald das _Be-hältervolumen grösser wird. Wird aber dieses Volumen fortlaufend kleiner, so bleibt ihr Druck konstant.

The present invention is based on the following considerations and findings:

• In the device of the present invention, no propellant gas is added to the product. In the form used, Co2, N20 or N2 cannot be regarded as liquid propellant gases in the conventional sense that applies to aerosol cans. They can only be regarded as being used in two of their possible phases, either dissolved in a medium or undissolved as inert gases. If they are released, they have no pressure effect and they are gaseous, its pressure is reduced as soon as the _B-e hältervolumen larger. However, if this volume becomes smaller and smaller, its pressure remains constant.

The present invention takes advantage of this physical law and creates the basis for creating a device which ensures good imitation of the aerosol cans operated with propellant gas without propellant gas.

As described, solvents such as methylene chloride, etc. migrate through the polyethylene or polypropylene coating of the aluminum bag and result in the described leakage. This can be avoided by making the inner layer of the aluminum bag from nylon, which, however, no longer requires pure heat but high frequency welding. Furthermore, nylon is expensive and, with a sufficient thickness, offers the sheathing element a higher mechanical resistance than e.g. Polyethylene. Such a bag must of course also be preformed as described in order to avoid bursting when filling.

• - der Katuschukbeutel ist flüssigkeits- und praktisch gasdicht,
• - der Aluminiumbeutel ist sowohl für Flüssigkeit wie auch für Gase und Sporenelemente absolut undurchlässig.

It is therefore advantageous to use a bag made of rubber, which is resistant to the aforementioned and other solvents, as the actual product container, but is freely stored in a bag made of plasticized aluminum foil, because

• - the rubber bag is liquid and practically gas-tight,
• - The aluminum bag is absolutely impermeable for liquids as well as for gases and spore elements.

The use of a rubber bag as a product container, older and freely stored inside an aluminum bag, has another advantage. If a rubber bag is stored around the core mentioned, in which, because it is taut, no folds can form and which therefore contains no air, the product pressure contact area on the inner wall of the rubber bag is always kept as small as possible, and that thrust resulting from the filling pressure is identical everywhere. This thrust naturally propagates onto the aluminum bag surrounding the rubber bag, without however having an effect on its entire inner surface, but only pressing where there is direct contact. This means that the aluminum bag, not only because it is larger than the rubber bag, also takes on an identical shape to that of the seamless rubber bag when it is folded, also due to the shape of the welding technique, so that the wall of the aluminum bag, however, only on everyone Contact points, is exposed to a constant thrust, so there can be no bursting of the aluminum bag due to highly compressed air. This is particularly important if the filling product C02, N20 or N2 is admixed which, in addition to the intended final gasification in the event of a loss of rubber pressure, also temporarily when the device according to the invention is stored at higher temperatures, e.g. 50 ° C, can become gaseous and if this gas bubble does not hit an expandable, but flexible but inextensible wall, as would be the case with the aluminum bag alone, it could burst.

As described, an expansion of the wrapping element of 450% leads to a loss of tension of approx. 70%, whereas that of only 225% leads to a loss of tension of only approx. 19%.

Da aber das Volumen, welches die 450 %ige Dehnung gestattet quadratisch steigt, das heisst, r² x 3,14 x Höhe = Volumen, ergibt sich, dass man den Spannungsverlust nicht durch die. Prozente der Dehnung teilen kann, sondern die Quadratwurzel aus 70 (%) mit dem kleineren Dehnungsprozentsatz multiplizieren muss, was bedeutet:

Messungen bestätigen diese Rechnung in ungefähr. Streuungen sind wegen den vorgenannten, für Gummi geltenden Toleranzen möglich.The following arithmetically results:

But since the volume that allows the 450% expansion increases quadratically, that is, r ² x 3.14 x height = volume, it follows that the loss of tension cannot be reduced by the. Can divide percent of the stretch, but must multiply the square root of 70 (%) by the smaller stretch percentage, which means:

Measurements roughly confirm this calculation. Scattering is possible because of the aforementioned tolerances that apply to rubber.

• Da einerseits das Volumen quadratisch steigt, andererseits aber der Spannungsverlust des Umhüllungselementes im Quadrat abnimmt je kleiner die Dehnung desselben ist, kann man folgern, dass, je grösser der Innendurchmesser des Umhüllungselements in ungespanntem Zustand ist, umso kleiner muss die Dehnung sein, um ein, den handelsüblichen Aerosoldosen ähnliches Füllvolumen zu erreichen.

From this arithmetical consideration, confirmed by measurements, a further consideration arises:

• Since on the one hand the volume increases quadratically, but on the other hand the tension loss of the sheathing element decreases in square the smaller the elongation of the same, it can be concluded that the larger the inner diameter of the sheathing element in the untensioned state, the smaller the elongation must be in order to to achieve a filling volume similar to that of commercially available aerosol cans.

• Wie beschrieben ist der Durchmesser einer Produktsäule in diesem Fall für eine vorgenannte Vorrichtung 46 mm. Will man ein Umhüllungselement durch Dehnung von 225 % auf diesen Durchmesser bringen, damit es den Durchmesser der Produktsäule umspannt, so erhält man den Innendurchmesser eines dazu notwendigen ungespannten Umhüllungselements indem man den Produktsäulendurchmesser durch 3,25 teilt:
  
  der Innendurchmesser eines ungespannten Umhüllungselementes muss demnach 14,1 mm betragen. Die Zahl 3,25 resultiert daraus, dass 14,1 als Ausgangswert Null gilt. Vergrössert man 14,1 um 100 % so erhält man 28,2, um 200 % so erhält man 42,3 usw. Geht man aber von der wirklichen Null aus, so muss 200 % (2) um 100 % (1) erhöhen und man erhält 3. Somit ergibt sich obenstehende Gleichung.

This is confirmed mathematically:

• As described, the diameter of a product column in this case is 46 mm for the aforementioned device. If you want to bring a wrapping element to this diameter by stretching 225% so that it spans the diameter of the product column, you get the inside Knife of an unclamped wrapping element required for this by dividing the product column diameter by 3.25:
  
  the inside diameter of a non-tensioned covering element must therefore be 14.1 mm. The number 3.25 results from the fact that 14.1 is considered the initial value of zero. If you increase 14.1 by 100% you get 28.2, by 200% you get 42.3 etc. But if you start from the real zero, you have to increase 200% (2) by 100% (1) and one obtains 3. This gives the equation above.

As described, the linear force release zone of the described rubber of the wrapping element is between an elongation of 30-450%. It is found that the smaller the inside diameter of the unclamped covering element, the higher the start of the linear force delivery zone. With an inner diameter of 8 mm, this zone begins on the day of filling after an elongation of approx. 30% and with an inner diameter of 14 mm after an elongation of 18%. This is difficult to calculate mathematically, but it looks as if the percentage halves when the inside diameter doubles in the untensioned state, the percentage divides three times with an inside diameter three times larger, and quarter with an inside diameter four times larger.

However, since the loss of stress increases quadratically with the percentage of elongation, one can conclude from this that the permanent enlargement of the inside diameter also changes due to the square bearing.

das heisst, ein ungespanntes Umhüllungselement mit einem Innendurchmesser von 14,1 mm weist nach 12 Monaten Lagerzeit unter einer Dehnung von 225 % einen Innendurchmesser von 15,8 mm auf.If, after 12 months of storage of a wrapping element with an elongation of 450%, an increase in the internal diameter of 30% is measured, the following result arises arithmetically with an elongation of 225%:

This means that after 12 months of storage, an untensioned wrapping element with an inner diameter of 14.1 mm has an inner diameter of 15.8 mm under an elongation of 225%.

If one takes into account that the linear force delivery zone begins with an inner diameter of 14.1 mm at approx. 18% elongation, the outer diameter of the outer core, which gives the encasing element a prestress, must total approx. 30% (12.3 + 18 %) be larger than the inner diameter of the unclamped sheathing element if one wants to achieve that the sheathing element is already hampered by the core in the contraction when it is still in the linear force delivery zone, which is an outer diameter of an outer core of 18.3 mm represents.

In the device described at the outset, the core represents approximately 10% of the filling volume, the device taking on such a shape that there is too much lost volume in an outer container.

was verglichen zum Füllvolumen, 16,3 % ausmacht, das heisst:

If you give the core a diameter of 18.3 mm, the result is a volume of

which is 16.3% of the filling volume, that is:

The core diameter of 18.3 mm now allows the expansion of the wrapping element to be limited to 225% with a product column diameter of 46 mm, thus reducing its tension loss from 70% to approx. 18% and its permanent enlargement from 30% to 12.3% .

In order to comply with the regulations which allow 30% lost volume in a pressure vessel, the device according to the invention must be designed in such a way that it takes on such a form that the lost volume in an outer vessel is at most 13.7%.

• Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung für flüssige und cremige Medien,
• Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung mit gasförmig gewordenem C02, N2 oder N20 nach Lagerzeit,
• Fig. 3 eineAnsicht eines geschweissten, plastifizierten Aluminiumbeutels
• Fig. 4 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer geschweissten und dann gefalteten plastifizierten Aluminiumfolie vor den endgültigen Formschweissen,
• Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch einen Aussenkern,
• Fig. 6 eine Ansicht von unten des Aussenkerns gemäss Fig. 5,
• _Fig. 7 eine Draufsicht desselben,
• Fig. 8 einen teilweisen Schnitt durch eine andere Ausführungsform eines Aussenkerns mit einem einführbaren Innenkern,
• Fig. 9 einen Schnitt durch eine andere Ausführungsform eines Aussenkerns mit eingespritztem Innenkern, teilweise montiertem Ventil und getauchtem Gummibeutel,
• Fig. 10 eine Kurve, die den Spannungs- und somit Druckverlust von natürlichem Gummi in Abhängigkeit von dessen Dehnungsmöglichkeiten und Lagerzeit illustriert,
• Fig. 11 eine Kurve, die die Kompensation des Gummi-Druckverlustes mittels Vergasung von im Produkt gelöstem C02 zeigt,
• Fig. 12 eine Kurve, die eine 300 Tage gelagerte, erfin- dungsgemässe Vorrichtung und deren fraktionierte Entleerung sowie die dadurch auftretenden zeitweiligen Druckveränderungen illustriert,
• Fig. 13 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung sofort nach der Füllung,
• Fig. 14 einen teilweisen Schnitt durch eine gefüllte erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung nach längerer Lagerzeit,
• Fig. 15 einen teilweisen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung, die in Entleerung steht,
• Fig. 16 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung mit einem im Aussenkern gelagerten, gas-oder luftgefüllten Gummibeutel mit Ventilelement,
• Fig. 17 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung mit einem Aussenkern, der ein flüssiges Treibgas enthält,und dazu notwendigem Ventilelement,
• Fig. 18 einen Schnitt durch ein Ventilelement, wie es in der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung verwendet werden kann, in geschlossenem Zustand,
• Fig. 19 einen Schitt durch dasselbe in geöffnetem Zustand,
• Fig. 20 illustriert ein geschlossenes doppelstufiges Ventilelement,
• Fig. 21 veranschaulicht ein doppelstufiges Ventilelement mit einer geschlossenen und einer geöffneten Stufe,
• Fig. 22 einen Schnitt durch ein doppelstufiges Ventilelement, beide Stufen geöffnet,
• Fig. 23 eine Draufsicht, teilweise im Schnitt einer Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung,
• Fig. 24 eine Ansicht, teilweise im Schnitt einer Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung,
• Fig. 25 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einer Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung,
• Fig. 26 eine Draufsicht im Schnitt durch ein Ventilelement mit automatischem Frontalverschluss,
• Fig. 27 eine Frontansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, des Ventilelementes mit Frontalverschluss,
• Fig. 28 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, des Ventilelementes mit Frontanschluss,
• Fig. 29 die Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung zum Versprühen, mittels unter Druck stehendem Wasser, eines Agrarkonzentrats,
• Fig. 30 einen Schnitt durch ein Venturi-System, welches mittels unter Druck stehendem Wasser ein Agrarkonzentrat ansaugt und verdünnt,
• Fig. 31 einen Schnitt durch eine Füllsonde mit Ueberdruckventil zum Anschliessen an einen Wasserhahn, eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung füllend,
• Fig. 32 einen Schnitt durch einen Tragegriff einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einem Ventilelement,
• Fig. 33 eine Ansicht des Tragegriffes,
• Fig. 34 eine Draufsicht des Tragegriffes.
• Fig. 35 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung im Schnitt,
• Fig. 36 ein doppelstufiges Ventil in Explosionsdarstellung,
• _Fig. 37 das Ventil nach Fig. 36, zusammengebaut im Schnitt in geschlossenem Zustand, und
• _Fig. 38 das Ventil nach Fig. 37 in geöffnetem Zustand.

Details of the invention are described below by means of advantageous embodiments and on the basis of diagrams. In the drawing shows

• 1 shows a section through a device according to the invention for liquid and creamy media,
• 2 shows a section through a device according to the invention with C02, N2 or N20 which has become gaseous after storage time,
• Figure 3 is a view of a welded, plasticized aluminum bag
• Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a welded and then folded plasticized aluminum foil before the final shape welding,
• 5 shows a section through an outer core,
• 6 is a bottom view of the outer core of FIG. 5,
• _F ig. 7 is a plan view of the same;
• 8 is a partial section through another embodiment of an outer core with an insertable inner core,
• 9 shows a section through another embodiment of an outer core with an injected inner core, partially assembled valve and immersed rubber bag,
• 10 is a curve illustrating the tension and thus pressure loss of natural rubber as a function of its expansion options and storage time,
• 11 is a graph showing the compensation of the rubber pressure loss by gasification of CO 2 dissolved in the product,
• 12 is a curve illustrating a device according to the invention stored for 300 days and its fractional emptying as well as the temporary pressure changes occurring thereby,
• 13 shows a section through a device according to the invention immediately after filling,
• 14 is a partial section through a filled device according to the invention after a long storage period,
• 15 is a partial section through a device according to the invention, which is emptied,
• 16 shows a section through a device according to the invention with a gas or air-filled rubber bag with valve element mounted in the outer core,
• 17 shows a section through a device according to the invention with an outer core which contains a liquid propellant gas and a valve element necessary for this,
• 18 shows a section through a valve element, as can be used in the device according to the invention, in the closed state,
• 19 shows a step through the same in the open state,
• 20 illustrates a closed double-stage valve element,
• 21 illustrates a double-stage valve element with a closed and an open stage,
• 22 shows a section through a double-stage valve element, both stages open,
• 23 is a plan view, partly in section, of a valve actuation device,
• 24 is a view, partly in section, of a valve actuation device,
• 25 is a perspective view of a device according to the invention with a valve actuation device,
• 26 is a plan view in section through a valve element with automatic frontal closure,
• 27 is a front view, partly in section, of the valve element with frontal closure,
• 28 is a side view, partly in section, of the valve element with front connection,
• 29 the view of a device according to the invention for spraying, using water under pressure, of an agricultural concentrate,
• 30 shows a section through a Venturi system which draws in and dilutes an agricultural concentrate by means of water under pressure,
• 31 shows a section through a filling probe with a pressure relief valve for connection to a tap, filling a device according to the invention,
• 32 shows a section through a handle of a device according to the invention with a valve element,
• 33 is a view of the handle,
• Fig. 34 is a plan view of the handle.
• 35 shows a further embodiment variant of the device according to the invention in section,
• 36 is a two-stage valve in an exploded view,
• _F ig. 37, the valve according to FIG. 36, assembled in section in the closed state, and
• _F ig. 38 the valve according to FIG. 37 in the open state.

1 shows a device according to the invention, which is created in such a way that the outer container containing it has less than 10% (8.7) of lost volume. The device according to the invention consists of a core 1, a rubber bag 2, an aluminum bag 3, a wrapping element 4, a valve element 5, a product delivery element (not shown), a core base sleeve 6 and an outer container 7. The core 1 is at the upper end 8 with an annular rib 9 , a seal seat 10 and annular grooves 11 and 12 and has a chamber 13 which serves to receive the valve element 5. The bottom of the chamber 13 is provided with bores 14 and 15 which are connected to a transverse channel 16. A pin 17 protrudes axially from the bottom. Parallel to the longitudinal axis, the core 1 is provided on the outside with a plurality of channels 18, through which the product 19 can flow to the transverse channel 16 when part of the rubber bag 2 is already firmly against the core. The lower end 20 of the core 1 is open and shows an annular groove 21.

The core 1 is made of a solvent-resistant plastic material, for example polyamide 66, and is hollow on the inside. Its outer diameter is kept so large that the volume of the core 1 is more than 15% compared to the filling volume if the device according to the invention is stored in an outer container, the filling volume of which is taken into account in the aforementioned regulations. The core 1 is preferably coated with the rubber bag 2 in the immersion process. This can consist of several layers, which is why the immersion process must be given priority. Depending on the product 19, the rubber bag 2 must be made of Viton, epychloride, butyl, nitrile, neoprene, Bfuna or silicone. Since these types of rubber are very expensive, it would be uneconomical to use the entire rubber bag 2 from these materials. If Viton or silicone have to be used, they are applied to core 1 the first time they are immersed. The subsequent layers can then be made of butyl, nitrile or other types of rubber, including natural rubber. Priority should be given to butyl because it is the most gas-tight of all types of rubber. It goes without saying that the rubber bag 2 can also be slipped over the core 1 as a tube, where it then becomes a bag thanks to the hose clamping effect of the base sleeve 6 and the valve sleeve 22.

Whenever possible, the outer layers of the rubber bag 2 made of natural rubber should be of great purity, because this has the greatest permanent elasticity and therefore the smallest permanent enlargement is the result of long-term storage in a stretched, filled state. This permanent enlargement remains very small with the rubber bag anyway, approx. 12% after 24 months, because its elongation is only 150% with a product column diameter of 46 mm, since its diameter is approx. 18.3 mm when unstressed. The product 19 is therefore in contact with the inner layer of the rubber bag 2 and not with the polyethylene or polypropylene layer of the aluminum bag 3. This prevents migration of the product solvent and there is no delamination of the aluminum bag 3. As shown in FIG. 4, this consists of several layers, for example an inner layer made of polyethylene, then polyester, then aluminum and outside again polyester, the polyester layer between aluminum and polyethylene layer avoiding the scissor effect of aluminum. The aluminum bag 3 is provided at both ends with bottle-neck-like openings, the diameters of which are such that they lie flush against the rubber bag 2. These two bags are from Wrapping element 4 made of natural rubber, the inside diameter of which is approximately 30% smaller than the outside diameter of the core 1, so that it is in the unfilled state under the necessary pre-tensioning described, but encloses a product column of 46 mm at an elongation of 225%. The valve element 5 consists of a piston 23, a sealing washer 24 and a compression spring 24 made of stainless steel and is held together by means of a valve sleeve 22. The piston 23 is provided with an axial channel 26 and a transverse channel 27. In the closed state, the transverse channel 27 is sealed by the sealing washer 24 thanks to the compression spring 25. If one presses on the piston 23 by means of the product delivery element (not shown), the transverse channel 27 comes to lie below the seal 24 and the product 19 is expelled by the pressure of the rubber bag 2 and the wrapping element 4 via the axial channel 26 and the output element, not shown, whereby the cone 23a of the piston 23 prevents product leakage along the piston 23 by pressing on the sealing washer 24. As soon as the pressure on the piston 23 is released, the compression spring 25 pushes the piston 23 upward, as a result of which the transverse channel 27 is brought back into the starting position, so that the valve element 5 is closed again. The piston 23 is provided with a chamber 28 which serves to receive the compression spring 25, which is supported on the bottom of the chamber 13, where it is held by means of the pin 17. The final assembly of the device according to the invention is carried out by attaching a valve sleeve 22, which is pressed into an annular groove 11 in order to hold the valve element 5 together and is crimped around an annular groove 12 in order to seal the device according to the invention by means of the rubber bag 2 on the valve element 5 and by a hose clamp effect on the other hand, around the aluminum bag 3 and around sheath element 4 to connect firmly to the core 1. The base sleeve 6 is crimped around the annular groove 21 in order to seal the device according to the invention at the core end 20 and to fasten the aluminum bag 3 and the wrapping element 4 there. The device according to the invention is mounted in the outer container 7, where, thanks to an annular rib 29, it snaps into an annular groove 30 in the valve sleeve 22. The core end 20 with the base sleeve 6 is held axially by a seat 31 of the outer container 7. The bottle neck 33 of the outer container 7 is provided with longitudinal channels 32, through which an overpressure can escape when the device according to the invention is filled, and which allow air to enter the container 7 when emptied, in order to avoid the creation of a vacuum.

The device according to the invention of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 only by small details. The core 1, instead of having a transverse channel 16, is provided with the inlets 34 and 35, which are located in the vicinity of the core end 20. Furthermore, a hollow core 36 is mounted in the core 1 and is firmly connected to it with a snap lock 37. The inner diameter 39 of the core 1 is larger than the outer diameter 40 of the hollow core 36, which creates an intermediate space 38 which serves the product 19 as a channel in the valve direction, as indicated by the arrows. This arrangement is due to the fact that the product 19 is mixed with CO 2, which, as soon as the back pressure of the wrapping element 4 falls below a predetermined level after storage, becomes gaseous and forms a gas bubble 41 which presses on the product surface 42 and thus together with the wrapping element 4 serves as the expulsion energy of the product 19. Since the wrapping element 4 contracts continuously during emptying, the gas space 41 is constantly reduced in proportion to the output quantity, however, the product level 42 remains practically unchanged and the gas bubble 41 thus offers a practically constant pressure surface. The shrinking on the one hand of the gas space 41 enclosed by the wrapping element 4 and the rubber bag 2 and the fact that the product surface 42 remains constant on the other hand create the prerequisite for a constant discharge pressure gradient, which is the basis of an imitation of the commercial aerosol cans filled with liquid propellant gas, because in them the liquid propellant gas after an expelled quantity, gasifies until the gas back pressure is so high that it prevents further gasification, so there is a practically constant discharge pressure gradient.

3 shows a plasticized aluminum bag 3 which is produced as follows: a folded film is welded along the weld seam 43 and a tube is thus obtained; the film can consist of several layers, preferably the layer 44 coming into contact with the product is made of polyethylene, the layer 45 of polyester, in order to avoid the scissors effect of the aluminum film 46, which is provided on the outside with the polyester layer 47. Then, as shown in Fig. 4, the resulting tube is folded so that the bellows 48 and 49 are formed on each long side, the depth of which is held so that it does not pass through the vertical weld seams 50, 51, 52 and 53, but only through the horizontal weld seams 54, 55, 56 and 57 are detected, as is shown by the dashed lines 58 and 59. The welding of the tube then creates the bottle neck-like openings 60 and 61. Thanks to the bellows 48 and 49, the bag 3 can assume a square cross-section in the fully filled state and therefore be forced by a solid cylindrical loading surrounding it limit, for example an outer container 7, to assume a round cross-section, in which case the bellows 48 and 49 do not fully unfold, so that there is still a certain volume reserve, as described, it should be temporary by storing the device in higher temperatures Gasification of the gas dissolved in product 19 come.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a core 1, the valve chamber 13 of which is provided with the inlets 16 and has already been described below in FIG. 1.

6 is a bottom view of the core 1 to show the longitudinal channels 18 and to show the partition 62 of the chamber 20, which may be necessary to cover the core 1, the wall thickness of which should be as thin as possible for economic reasons, to give sufficient strength, especially at the level of the annular groove 21, into which the rubber bag 2, the aluminum bag 3 and the covering element 4 are pressed by means of the base sleeve 6.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the core 1 and shows the pin 17, which serves to hold a compression spring and the ring rib 9 and the seat 10 of the sealing washer of a valve element.

FIG. 8 illustrates a core 1, into which, as already described in FIG. 2, an inner core 36 is inserted and, thanks to the snap lock 37, is firmly connected to it.

FIG. 9 shows a core 1 made of plastic material, into which the inner core 36 is injected, which has the advantage that no assembly is required. An injection molding tool for producing such a core 1 is expensive, but it is quickly pays for itself in mass production, whereas assembly and the associated time and machine costs recur for each piece. The rubber bag 2 is immersed around the core 1, which, when fastened, assumes the shape of the dashed line 2a when filled, if it is not delimited by means of a fixed outer container 7 cylindrical or square, triangular, etc.

FIG. 10 shows a curve which illustrates the resistance of the rubber covering element 4 to the filling pressure at the filling moment, resistance which acts on the filled product when the covering element contracts as a squeezing pressure. The elongation of the wrapping element of the device according to the invention is limited to 225%. In order to show that the limitation of the elongation to 225%, which represents the pressure loss through storage by means of the curve, is justified, dashed curves of 400% or 450% are given, from which the drastic difference in pressure losses is evident. The 225% curve shows that the squeeze pressure drops rapidly and begins to stabilize after 10 days and has stabilized after 30 days so that the subsequent pressure drop due to long-term storage is relatively small compared to the pressure losses of the first 10 days.

11 illustrates how one can benefit from the relatively small pressure drop in long-term storage. If you add a corresponding amount of C02 to a product, this remains solved in the product thanks to the back pressure of the wrapping element as long as this back pressure is higher than the gasification pressure of the C02 amount, i.e., depending on the outside temperature and C02 amount, approx. 2 , 5 bar. As soon as it is stored in a tensioned state of 225% If the rubber back pressure drops below this 2.5 bar limit, part of the dissolved C02 becomes gaseous, whereby this gas component acts as a pressure factor on the liquid level of the product and thus compensates for the rubber contraction pressure lost through long-term storage, i.e. keeps the discharge pressure practically constant.

Fig. 12 shows that due to the reduction in residual volume after product ejection, there is no .. ejection pressure reduction. A strong drop in the pressure of the rubber counter pressure is found during each discharge, but this is brought back to the pressure value before the discharge by a recovery of the rubber wrapping element, of course minus a percentage which is approx. 10% between the full and completely empty product container. Two factors, not shown here, help to compensate for this temporary pressure drop, on the one hand the practically constant surface of the product level which acts on the C02 pressure which remains constant due to the volume reduction and on the other hand the spray nozzle described in patent application 2024/78, which can compensate for pressure drops, so that the spray behavior does not change significantly.

13 shows a section through a device according to the invention on the filling day, on which the rubber back pressure of the wrapping element 4 is greater than the CO 2 pressure, so that it cannot gasify and remains completely dissolved in the product 19.

FIG. 14 illustrates a device according to the invention after storage for approx. 30 days, during which the rubber counterpressure of the wrapping element 4 has decreased so that part of the dissolved CO 2 can gasify until the C02 pressure together with the remaining rubber back pressure has reached the pressure value which forces the C02 remaining in the product 19 to remain dissolved therein.

FIG. 15 illustrates that when the product container is emptied, the wrapping element 4 first contracts at the valve 23, as a result of which its wall thickness becomes thicker and thus helps to press the CO 2 bubble 41 against the product level 42, that is to say reduces the remaining volume of the product container continuously proportional to the output of product 19.

There are many so-called two-component products such as color shampoos or medications that need to be mixed just before use. Furthermore, because of the low ejection pressure of the device according to the invention, it is not possible to spray viscous products such as oil _; because you mix them with air bubbles. Other products such as hair lacquer, insecticides or air fresheners must preferably be ejected at high speed and with a small particle size. The device according to the invention of Fig. 16 fulfills these requirements. It shows a section through a device according to the invention for dispensing two different media, both of which can either be liquid or creamy, or one can be liquid and one creamy, or one of the media can be gaseous. The core 1, essentially identical to that of FIG. 1, has, in addition to the valve seat 10, a further seat 62a which serves to receive a sealing washer 63. This is pressed onto the seat 62a by means of a clamping ring 64, which is firmly connected to the upper core end 8 thanks to a snap lock 65. The clamping ring 64 is provided with multiple openings 66, the number of which is so large that min at least one comes to lie in front of an opening of the transverse channel 16. The piston 67 is provided with a longitudinal channel 68, which opens into a longitudinal channel 69, which can optionally be smaller, larger or identical in diameter to that of the longitudinal channel 68. Before the mouth of the longitudinal channel 68 is a transverse channel 70, which is closed with the sealing washer 24. The longitudinal channel 69 opens into a transverse channel 71, which is sealed by a sealing washer 63. At the level of the sealing washer 24, the piston 67 is expanded into a flat plate which, thanks to a compression spring 73, which is supported on the clamping ring 64, is pressed firmly against the sealing washer 24 and thus closes the upper valve stage. The lower valve stage is also closed because the piston 67 is provided with a barb 76 which, thanks to the compression spring 73, is pulled against the sealing disk 63, so that the transverse channel 71 is covered by it and thus closed. This is all the more so since the cone 74 of the sealing disk 63 leaves sufficient scope to allow it to bulge upwards under the pressure of the medium 77, which is located in the rubber bladder 78, and thus firmly against the seat 75 of the piston 63 to create. The rubber bladder 78 mentioned is preferably molded onto the sealing disk 63, assuming the shape 79 in the empty state. Such a rubber bladder 78 is only required if the medium stored therein has to be ejected with practically constant pressure, which, as already described, is the case thanks to the rubber. If a rubber bladder 78 is used, the base sleeve 6 must be provided with an opening 80 which prevents overpressure when filling and the creation of a vacuum inside the core 1 when emptying.

Various medications, especially those used to treat the respiratory tract, must be sprayed with a specific particle size in order to either only reach the larynx (large particles) or, on the contrary, to reach the bronchi or even the alveoli of the lungs, where particles of 0 , 5 to 1 micron are necessary. Such fine atomization cannot be achieved by means of the low mechanical pressure of the rubber wrapping element 4. Only liquid propellant can help here. FIG. 17 shows a device according to the invention which, apart from the missing rubber bladder 78, is identical to the device of FIG. 16, whereby the possibilities of the valve arrangement described also apply here. This embodiment of the invention can also contain known liquid propellants. However, in order to use as little frig that is permitted for medical purposes as possible for ecological reasons and for economy, the cavity 20 of the core 1 contains the liquid propellant gas 81 with a gas phase 82. The cavity 20 is, as in FIG. 6 shown, provided with a reinforcement partition 62 which has the cutout 83 to allow the piston 67 to move axially. In this embodiment, the ground sleeve 6 serves as a hermetic, pressure-proof closure of the cavity 20. The same embodiment can be used if you want to store a gas medium in the cavity 20 that does not have to be expelled at constant pressure, using C02, N2 or N20 or can only use air. The functioning of the double-stage valve is explained with reference to FIGS. 20, 21 and 22.

FIG. 18 shows a valve element according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in the closed state and FIG. 19 shows the same valve element in the open state.

20 illustrates a closed valve element according to FIGS. 16 and 17.

21 illustrates that lower stage A opens first and gas 82 can already escape while upper valve stage B is still closed. This arrangement has the advantage that when closing the process takes place in reverse, that is, stage B closes first and only afterwards stage A. This allows the longitudinal channels 68 and 69 as well as the spray nozzle (not shown) to be made from a product which may be occluding, such as Hair lacquer or paint colors, without having to ask the consumer to do so, as is sometimes required for gas aerosol cans, and to hold the spray nozzle down and press it until only propellant gas escapes, which means that the channels and spray nozzle are free of sticky products.

FIG. 22 shows the valve element of FIGS. 20 and 21 fully open, so that both media, as described with reference to FIG. 14, are expelled and mix in the longitudinal channel 68.

23, 24 and 25 show an outer container 7 which is provided with a device for actuating a product dispensing element, which is capable of exerting a vertical pressure on an dispensing element by means of lateral pressure and thus opening a described valve element. This device has the great advantage that it is no longer necessary to remove a cap from the spray can, which is not only practical but also maintains an aesthetic appearance for the object. Since the forceps between the thumb and index or middle finger allow you to develop a force several times greater than the one that can be reached by pressing the index finger on an output element, the compression spring of a valve element can be held much stronger, which on the one hand guarantees an instantaneous closure of the valve element in the presence of a low ejection pressure and on the other hand is so strong that a child's hand cannot generate the force , which is necessary for opening a valve element, quite apart from the fact that the dimensioning of the device can already be held in such a way that a child's hand cannot encompass it and can also press it.

The outer container 7 is provided along a neck 84 with walls 85, in which semicircular notches 86 serve as hinge seats. Movable, circular-cut pressure walls 87 and 88 are provided with hinge pins 89 and 90, which are mounted in the hinge seats 86. Furthermore, the pressure walls 87 and 88 carry bars 91 and 92 which are perpendicular to them and whose oblique sides 91a and 92a rest on a round dispensing element 93. The device is mounted in a closure cap 94 which holds it together and prevents the movable pressure walls 87 and 88 from moving in the wrong direction. The closure cap is provided with the openings 95 and 96, which allow lateral pressure to be exerted on the pressure walls 87 and 88, as indicated by the arrows 97 and 98. This results in a rotary movement of the pressure walls 87 and 88 at the level of the hinges 86, so that their bars 91 and 92 with the oblique sides 91a and 92a press on the dispensing element 93 in such a way that it moves in the direction of the arrow 99, which opens the Valve element leads. A decrease in the pressure on the pressure walls 87 and 88 has the consequence that a strong compression spring of a valve element described raises the output element 93 upwards and the pressure walls 87 and 88 into it Pushes the starting position back, which also closes the valve element. The output element 93 can optionally be provided with a spray nozzle or a jet nozzle.

26, 27 and 28 show another device for actuating a dispensing element by means of lateral pressure, in which the dispensing element is closed at the front. Such a device is especially intended for creamy products that must either be protected from atmospheric oxygen or prevented from drying out, e.g. beauty creams, medicinal pomades and creams, mustard, mayonnaise etc. A piston 101 of a valve element is provided with a plate-shaped attachment, the cylindrical extension of which 101a carries a flexible hose 102 which, depending on the product to be ejected, can be made of soft plastic material or of synthetic rubber. Clamping jaws 103 and 104 are provided with hinges 105 and 106 which are hung in hinge bolts 107 and 108 of a container 7. A compression spring 109 engages in the jaws 103 and 104 and presses them together on gripping jaws 110 and 111. Furthermore, the jaws 103 and 104 carry pressure beams 112 and 113, the inclined sides of which rest on a plate 101. The clamping jaws are each provided with a passage 114 on the inside, which serve to receive and guide a hose 102. The hose 102 is squeezed and closed with the gripping jaws 110 and 111 by means of the spring 109. If you press on the jaws 103 and 104 in the direction of the arrow, they rotate in the hinges 105 and 106 and the gripping jaws 110 and 111 open. At the same time, the oblique sides of the pressure beams 112 and 113 exert pressure on the plate 101, as a result of which the piston 100 is moved downward and opens a described valve element. The emerging product expands the Squeeze point 115 of hose 102 and it can escape through opening 116. If the pressure on the clamping jaws 103 and 104 decreases, the spring 109 compresses them again, the plate 101 is released and the gripping jaws 110 and 111 squeeze the hose together again at level 115 and close it frontally.

The treatment of plants, especially ornamental plants and flowers, requires the use of plant care and protection agents, which can be highly toxic in concentrated form and must therefore be used diluted. These concentrates are usually commercially available in plastic flacons and are diluted with water shortly before use and applied to the plants to be treated using a wide variety of devices such as watering cans, pump atomizers, air pressure atomizers, etc. The dilution actually depends on the care and understanding of the user. The invention includes a device which allows a concentrate to be automatically diluted in a desired effective dose and at the same time to spray the resulting solution finely.

29 shows such a device 117, the handle 118 of which has a valve element 19 which can be opened by means of a lever 120. A valve piston 119a carries a flexible hose 121 which is connected to a venturi system 122 which carries a bottle 123 which contains the concentrate 124. The venturi system 122 is extended with a rigid tube 125, the outflow end 126 of which is flexible and contains a aforementioned spray nozzle 127.

The device 117 is, as described below, filled with water and provided with the above-mentioned additional parts such as handle l18 to spray nozzle 127. One operates the lever 120, the valve element 119 opens and the pressurized water escapes via hose 121 to the venturi system 122, where the water flows in through a riser pipe 128 and mixes it with the spray nozzle 127 to leave. The concentration of the concentrate 124 on the one hand and the diameters of the venturi system 122 and the riser pipe 128 as well as the pressure level of the water on the other hand are adjusted so that the concentrate is automatically diluted as intended. It can be provided that the bottle 123 is completely emptied by means of a single filling of the device 117 with water. The flexible outflow end 126 allows. For older or disabled people, for example, to direct the spray from the bottom up without having to bend too much to treat plant leaves from below.

31 shows a section through a filling probe, which can be connected to a water tap, not shown. The device 117 is already described per se in FIG. 1, wherein it differs from this in that the wrapping element 4 also serves as a product container, which is possible if the product 128 is only water and is not stored, but immediately after Filling can be ejected again. In addition, the metal valve sleeve 22 is replaced by a valve sleeve 129 made of plastic material. Furthermore, the covering element 4 is fastened to the core 131 by means of hose clips 130. The valve sleeve 129 carries a threaded neck 132 in which a piston 133 is guided. A hose 134 carries at one end a commercially available connector (not shown) to a tap, while the other end is provided with a connector 135. This can be screwed onto the neck 132, whereby the piston 133 is pressed down, which causes the valve element 5 opens, the sealing ring 136 sealing the neck 132 and the connector 135. The connection piece 135 is provided with a pressure relief valve 137, the spring 138 of which presses the piston 139 with the sealing ring 140 into the outlet 141, thereby closing the outlet 142. If you now open a water tap to which the device is connected, the water pressure expands the wrapping element 4 and fills it with water 128. As soon as a further expansion of the wrapping element 4 against the container 7 is no longer possible, the water pressure rises the device because of the resistance of the non-elastic container 7. The spring force of the spring 138 is selected so that it is higher than the resistance of the wrapping element 4 against a water filling pressure, but with a greater resistance, such as that caused by the application of the wrapping element 4 the container 7 is formed, can be compressed so that the water coming from the tap, not shown, can escape via the pressure relief valve 137. This is also the sign that the device 117 is filled. The connector 135 is then unscrewed and replaced by screwing on the handle i18. This consists of a tube 143, which is screwed onto the neck 132 and thereby presses the piston 133 down, the sealing ring 136 sealing the system. The other end of the tube 143 carries a valve element 5, the piston 144 of which is provided with an annular rib 145. A valve sleeve 146 carries a hinge bracket 147, in which a lever 120 is suspended. This is provided with an opening 148, the diameter of which is larger than that of the piston 144, but smaller than that of the annular rib 145. The piston 144 carries a hose 121 which leads to the described venturi system 122. If you now press the lever 120, it goes by means of the dashed line Line 149 shown position and pushes the piston 144 down, whereby the valve element 5 is opened. The pressurized water escapes through the Venturi system 122 as described and dilutes and sprays the concentrate mentioned in the manner described.

The person skilled in the art will readily recognize that the device according to the invention with its various individual components offers advantages and possible uses which are in no way inferior to those of the conventional gas aerosol cans, but without having their disadvantages.

In particular, the device according to the invention is capable of finely spraying practically all liquid media, dispensing creamy media and storing gaseous media.

The person skilled in the art also recognizes that the device according to the invention is composed of a plurality of components, which are optimally matched to one another and are combined to form a functional whole, each of which makes it possible to use several physical laws in an inventive manner. This applies in particular to the actual product container, which adjusts its volume in accordance with the filling or emptying state in such a way that the product is constantly subjected to a constant pressure. This becomes particularly apparent when one or more gases are added to the product. However, it also applies to the core, which optionally accommodates a second, advantageously gaseous medium, and to the valve element, which is also very important for the good functioning of the entire device.

The device according to the invention is also very advantageous because it has practically all the disadvantages of overcomes the known propellant-free spray devices and has a construction that is optimally matched to the materials to be used.

In addition, it can be manufactured inexpensively, as it mainly uses relatively simple injection molded plastic parts with essentially cylindrical shapes that only need to be assembled and assembled.

It goes without saying that the above description of the device according to the invention contains only a few design variants and application examples thereof, but that the invention offers significantly broader and more extensive possibilities. However, for the specialist after knowledge of the foregoing, these are within the scope of his specialist knowledge. FIG. 35 shows a device according to the invention which, apart from the double-stage valve and the missing outer container 7, is identical to FIG. 17. The core 1 is provided at the end of the valve with the ribs 200 and 201 and at the other end with the ring ribs 202 and 203, between which are the serrated ring ribs 204 and 205, which are somewhat smaller in diameter, so that one between the rubber bag 2 and the core 1 better tightness achieved. The open core end is provided with a plastic cover 206 which is firmly connected to the core 1 by means of gluing or welding. The plastic cover 206 prevents the base sleeve 207 from being pushed away from the core end by the stretched wrapping element 4, in that the rear grip 208 of the base sleeve 207 hooks onto the plastic cover 206; since this is firmly connected to the core 1, the ground sleeve 207 cannot jump off. The double-stage valve consists of the upper piston part 209, the middle piston part 210, the lower piston part 211, the clamping ring 212, the upper sealing washer 213, the lower sealing washer 214 and the compression spring 215, all of which are stored in the chamber 216 of the core 1 and are pressed in by means of the valve sleeve 217, the valve sleeve 217, as already described, also serving as a hose clamp and sealingly connecting the rubber container 2 and the sheathing element 4 to the core 1.

36 is used for a better explanation of the double-stage valve. The upper piston part 209 is provided with the channel 218, open into the side channels 219, which are connected to longitudinal grooves 220. The ring groove 221 is part of a snap lock, thanks to which the upper piston part 2o9 snaps into the middle piston part 210 when the part 222 is inserted into the sleeve 223 until the ring rib 224 snaps into place. in the

The center of the sleeve 223 is the conical extension 225 of the channel 226. The cone 225 is so long that its The mouth in the direction of channel 218 is higher than the side channels 219, that is to say that the cone 225 enters the channel. 218 protrudes when the upper piston part 209 and the middle piston part 210 are assembled. At the lower end of the middle piston part 210 is part 227, which is similar to part 222, but is smaller in diameter. It is provided with the side channels 228, the longitudinal channels 229 and the annular groove 230, which is part of a snap lock. Between the clamping ring 212 and the central piston part 210 there is the compression spring 215, for the reception of which on the central piston part 210 and on the clamping ring 212 cylindrical parts are provided, the outside diameter of which fits snugly with the inside diameter of the compression spring 215. The sealing washer 214 is located between the clamping ring 212 and the bush 211. The bush 211 is equipped with the annular rib 231, xx which engages in the annular groove 230 when the part 227 is inserted into the bush 211. The height of the part 222 is less than the height of the sleeve 223, so that it acts like an annular rib on which the sealing washer 213 is pressed. Likewise, the height of the part 227 is also smaller than the height of the sleeve 211, so that this also acts like an annular rib onto which the sealing washer 214 is pressed, as shown by FIG. 37, which shows a valve according to the invention in the closed state .

38 illustrates a valve according to the invention in the open state. If a pressure is exerted on the piston part 2o9 with an output element (not shown), the compression spring 215 is compressed and the edges of the sleeve 223 are removed from the sealing washer 213 and the edges of the sleeve 211 are removed from the sealing washer 214. This is what happens under mecha liquid medium 232, which is under squeezing pressure, via the side holes 16 of the core 1, the longitudinal channels 220 and the side channels 219 into the channel 218. At the same time, the gas medium 233 is pressed into the channel 226 via the longitudinal channels 229 and the side channels 228. This is narrowed at the level of cone 225. This constriction leads to the throttling of the gas pressure, which is held so that it can penetrate into the medium 232. This is facilitated by the fact that the mouth of the channel 226 lies above the side channels 219 in the flow direction thanks to the cone 225, as a result of which the gas medium escaping there under pressure and thanks to the throttling at high speed exerts a suction on the side channels 219 and thus coexists the liquid medium 232 emerging there is mixed so that the mixture: liquid medium 232 and gas medium 233 is expelled via the channel 218 and the dispensing element, not shown. The suction effect of the gas medium 233 on the side channels 219 and thus on the liquid medium 232 exiting there is particularly necessary if the liquid medium 232 is a viscous product such as oil, otherwise the surface tension of the liquid medium 232 prevents the gas medium 233 from penetrating prevented. The penetration and thus mixing of the gas medium 233 into the liquid, viscous medium 232 can be facilitated by using a liquid propellant gas such as FRIGEN (Freon) as the gas medium 233, which in this case serves not as a propellant but only as a mixed gas Amount, compared to the filling content of the device according to the invention, is at most 3%. If the pressure on the output element (not shown) drops, the compression spring 215 presses the sleeve 223 and the bush 211 firmly against the sealing disk 213 or 214, and the valve according to the invention is closed again, as shown in FIG. 28.

Claims (29)

1. Device for dispensing pressurized liquid or creamy products (19), at least comprising an inner elastic container (2), a tensioning element (4) made of macromolecular material of the rubber type, a valve (8, 23, 24, 26), which is connected to the elastic container (2) and a solid core (1) and is comprised of the elastic container (2) and the elastic strapping element (4), characterized in that the elastic container (2) is made of rubber which is suitable for the The respective product (19) stored therein is resistant to the fact that the tensioning element (4) is made of natural rubber, that the inner diameter of the elastic container (2) corresponds to the outer diameter of the elastic container (2) before being attached to the core, that the inner diameter of the elastic tensioning element (4) in the untensioned state is at least 20% smaller than the outside diameter of the core (1) plus the wall thickness of the elastic container (2) attached to it, but is not more than 25% smaller, and that the core (1), elastic container (2) and elastic clamping element (4) are firmly and sealingly connected to one another in the region of the two core ends (12, 21). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic container (2) consists of several layers. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic container (2) is a bag applied to the core (1) by immersion. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the layer of the elastic container (2) coming into contact with the product (19) is made of Viton or silicone. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer layer of the elastic container (2) is made of butyl rubber or natural rubber. 6. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that there is a butyl layer between the inner and outer layer of the elastic container (2). 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (1) has a volume which is at least 15% of the filling volume of the device. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the one end of the core (1) is integrally connected to a Venilsitz (8). 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the one end of the core (1) is integrally connected to two valve seats (8, 62a) one behind the other. 10. Device according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that the core (1) is hollow on the inside and contains different media (81, 82) in its interior than the product (19) stored in the elastic container (2). Device and method according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that the core (1) is hollow on the inside and contains an elastic container (78) made of macromolecular material of the rubber type. 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (1) of the elastic container (2) and the elastic covering element (4) in the region of the two core ends (12, 21) by means of a sleeve (6, 22) made of metal are connected to one another, the elastic container (2) and the clamping element (4) being firmly and sealingly placed around the core (1) by means of hose clamps. 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a flexible gas- and spore-tight protective jacket (3) is arranged between the elastic container (1) and the clamping element (4). 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the protective jacket (3) has the shape of a pocket with two open ends (60, 61) and side bellows (48, 49). 15. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the protective jacket (3) has a larger volume than the elastic container (2). 16. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the two valve seats (8, 62a) one behind the other are components of two valves which can be actuated simultaneously or in succession. 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the output volume per unit time of the two valves is identical. 18. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the output volume per unit time of the two valves is of different sizes. 19. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that both valves open simultaneously when actuated. 20. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that one valve after the other opens when actuated. 21. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that both valves are held in the closed position by a common compression spring (73). 22. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that means (87, 88, 91, 92, 93) are provided, by means of which a lateral pressure with respect to the central axis of the device, the valve (8, 23, 24, 26) in Axis direction can be moved and opened. 23. A method for pressurizing liquid or creamy products (19) and dispensing the same from a device according to claim 1, characterized in that that a gas (41, 82) is added to the product (19), which ensures the fine atomization at the moment the product (19) is released from the device. 24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the amount of gas (41) in the product (19) is stored in the device in such a way that it is at a predetermined temperature when the product (19) is reached. acting minimal pressure releases from this and becomes gaseous, so that it does not let the pressure acting on the product (19) in the elastic container (2) drop below the defined pressure mentioned. 25. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the gas (82) is stored in the core (1) under pressure and the product (19) is then metered in when this is released from the device by opening the respective valves of the device. 26. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the amount (C02, N2 or N20 (41)) is added to the product (19) which is stored in the device, which only then emerges from the at an outside temperature of 20 ° C Product (49) dissolves and becomes gaseous when the mechanical contraction pressure on the product (19) falls below 2.5 bar. 27. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the gas (82) is stored in the cavity of the core (1). 28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the gas (82) stored in the core (1) is a liquid propellant gas. 29. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the gas (81) stored in the core (1) is an inert gas.

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