EP0015574B1 - Projectile, par exemple pour la chasse, et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Projectile, par exemple pour la chasse, et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015574B1
EP0015574B1 EP80101175A EP80101175A EP0015574B1 EP 0015574 B1 EP0015574 B1 EP 0015574B1 EP 80101175 A EP80101175 A EP 80101175A EP 80101175 A EP80101175 A EP 80101175A EP 0015574 B1 EP0015574 B1 EP 0015574B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
insert
conical
target
central opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80101175A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0015574A2 (fr
EP0015574A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Ludwig Schirneker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19792909471 external-priority patent/DE2909471A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19792912910 external-priority patent/DE2912910A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT80101175T priority Critical patent/ATE4659T1/de
Publication of EP0015574A2 publication Critical patent/EP0015574A2/fr
Publication of EP0015574A3 publication Critical patent/EP0015574A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0015574B1 publication Critical patent/EP0015574B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/22—Projectiles of cannelured type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile intended for hunting purposes, for example, with a projectile body which tapers towards the front end and which contains a central opening which starts from the front and in which an insert which closes the plug is inserted.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such projectiles.
  • Bullets of this type are said to mushroom when struck against a relatively soft target, such as a game body, so that the kinetic energy is quickly used up and the game is given a shock which leads to its stunning or even death, even if the wound itself is not fatal is. If, on the other hand, such projectiles hit a harder target, such as the bones of a game, they should not shatter, but should produce the best possible bullet.
  • projectiles are the hunting projectile known from DE-C-22 28 733, which contains a lead filling in the projectile body, which supports the spreading and mushrooming of the wall surrounding the central opening of the projectile body when the projectile hits a game body prevents an explosive burst of the bullet, so that the front end of the bullet folds outwards at the target without tearing off.
  • projectiles cause mushrooming and effective hits to some extent, it is disadvantageous that their lead filling is exposed in the target and broken down into tiny particles and rubbed around the shot channel in the game body. The resulting lead particles are so fine that they are not visible to the naked eye and can therefore also be difficult to remove when preparing venison dishes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a projectile suitable for hunting purposes, for example, which shows stable flight behavior within a certain range, but quickly loses its ability to fly outside of this range and thus does not endanger the hinterland, and which has an effective hit in a soft target produces a good depth effect, but in a hard target produces clean penetration.
  • a projectile of the type mentioned at the outset the projectile body containing weak points in the region of its tapered front end in that these weak points in the form of incisions and inclined at an angle to its longitudinal axis and opposite to its direction of swirl / or notches extending from its outside, one wall of which forms a resistance to the rotation of the flying projectile, and that the insert is arranged in the conically widening end of the central opening.
  • the oblique incisions and / or notches slow down the rotation of the flying projectile by deflecting the air passing over the projectile body, so that the flight behavior becomes very unstable after passing through the normal range, which is between 300 and 400 meters for hunting projectiles, for example and loses the speed required to fly and falls accordingly, so that it does not pose a risk to the hinterland.
  • the roaring is caused by the mushrooming caused by the oblique incisions tion increased, so that even with a relatively hard target, such as an animal's bone, there is a clean bullet, while when hitting a soft target, such as meat parts of a game, the mushrooming of the projectile body is accelerated and promoted without parts of the projectile body being able to tear off.
  • the projectile body contains a lead filling at all, it does not need to be exposed for the mushrooming process, so that there is no lead deposits in the body hit.
  • the insert in the central opening is relatively stable and therefore effectively supports the mushrooming of the projectile body.
  • the insert is preferably designed as a conical closure piece which has a cup-like depression on the front. This results in an increased resistance and thus a faster reaction when the projectile penetrates into a game body, because the insert penetrates faster into the central opening of the projectile body and accordingly accelerates the mushrooming of the projectile body in a soft target.
  • the insert can also have the shape of a sphere.
  • a filling made of non-harmful and organic material for example based on protein, made of cellulose or starch, can be provided at least partially filling this opening.
  • This filling can be a compact, for example. It supports the mushrooming of the bullet in the target, but does not leave any residues which are harmful to the health of the venison in the body hit.
  • the mushrooming in the target takes place in a manner which increases the twist which has been given to the projectile by the trains of the weapon, in that the front part of the projectile body is broken down into strips which follow in strips which run obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body Bend outside and at least partially curl up.
  • This type of mushrooming increases the swirl of the projectile in the target and a particularly good and clean penetration with the desired depth effect is achieved. If harder objects such as bones are hit, there is also a clean penetration without the bones being shattered.
  • the filling of the central opening of the projectile body is a compact, it does not need to contain any cavities, since the filling can be compressed somewhat when the projectile strikes a target and the mushrooming of the projectile only begins after the target has already mattered into the central one Opening of the projectile body has penetrated and inserted the closure piece deeper into the opening.
  • the bullet according to the invention is preferably intended for hunting purposes, but is also suitable for other purposes or other weapons. It can be used with hunting rifles as well as other firearms such as other rifles and also revolvers or pistols, whereby its external dimensions depend on the caliber and the type of weapon in question.
  • the projectiles according to the invention are produced, as is known (US-A-2838000), by first forming a hollow body which is open towards the front and finally tapering the front end of this hollow body in a pointed manner.
  • this manufacturing process is modified in that an inwardly tapering hole is pressed into an end face of a cylindrical blank made of copper, tombac or iron, then incisions and / or notches are formed in the wall surrounding the hole as weak points, and then the the perforated end of the blank to a point with a substantially cylindrical or conical central hole, which is widened at the outer end, pressed together and the insert is then inserted.
  • the projectile thus finished can be produced by simple pressing operations, so that no expensive turning work, which can only be carried out on expensive automatic turret machines with reasonable effort, is necessary.
  • the incisions serving as weak points are, for example, incisions whose walls are in mutual contact so that they do not impair the closed outer shape of the projectile, even if they have been introduced into the projectile body from the outside.
  • the invention is based on the idea, on the one hand, of braking the rotation of the projectile in flight, in order to prevent the projectile from flying uncontrolled beyond the desired range, and, on the other hand, of ensuring effective bullets in a hit body without the effects of poisoning or severely splintering bones.
  • the rotation around the longitudinal axis of the projectile body which is intentionally reduced in flight, is increased again, thereby preventing the projectile from overturning in the game body hit. Rather, because of the increased rotation, a clean but larger reject is obtained, which leads to a greater sweat discharge when the game is hit.
  • the use provided in the projectile body causes a faster reaction in the target. Because the projectile body mushrooms without splintering, the entire kinetic energy is retained and results in a greater depth effect.
  • the floor 1 shown in Fig. 1 has a full floor body 2, which consists for example of tombac or copper.
  • a substantially cylindrical blind hole 3 is provided in the tapered front end, which ends in a conical extension 4.
  • notches 5 are formed in the surface of the projectile body 2 in the region of its tip 2a obliquely to the longitudinal axis 6 and extend into the cylindrical central part 2b of the projectile body 2 and run out there. These notches are arranged in such a way that they inhibit the rotation imparted to the flying projectile by the gun's trains due to the air flowing through them, which is why they run counter to the direction of swirl.
  • a disc-shaped insert 4a is arranged, which is designed in the shape of a truncated cone corresponding to the conical extension 4.
  • a cup-shaped depression 4b is provided on the front of the insert 4a, which promotes the insertion of the insert 4a into the blind hole 3 when it hits a target.
  • the projectile shown in FIG. 1 has a projectile body 10 which contains a recess 11 in the rear region which is filled with lead.
  • the projectile body can therefore also consist of iron.
  • incisions 13 are formed in the projectile body, which serve as weak points and facilitate the mushrooming of the projectile body in the target. These incisions 13 can run both from the blind hole 3 to the outside and from the outside to the inside or are even continuous from the outside into the blind hole.
  • the incisions can also be notches. However, they can also be invisible on the surface, so that they do not affect the rotation.
  • the bullet from FIG. 2 mushrooms in the target so that the lead filling 12 is not exposed, so that the target cannot be penetrated with lead.
  • the projectile 14 shown in Fig. 3 has a projectile body 15 with a continuous central hole 16 which is closed at the rear end with an inserted plate 17 and at the front end with an inserted ball 18.
  • the ball 18 is made of not particularly strong material and is compressible to a certain extent so that it can be pressed out of the conical extension 19 of the hole 16 into it and pushed through the hole in order to finally repel the plate 17 from the projectile body 15.
  • incisions 20 are formed in the projectile body 15, which run up to depressions 21 which are located in the cylindrical part of the projectile body 15.
  • the incisions 20 run in the same direction as the longitudinal axis 22 of the projectile body 15.
  • the incisions 20 preferably run in the same way as the notches 5 and the incisions 13 in the opposite direction to the swirl direction or the direction of rotation of the flying projectile.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show how the projectile according to FIG. 1 mushrooms in the target.
  • the projectiles according to FIGS. 2 and 3 behave similarly in the target.
  • Fig. 4 2 grooves 23 can be seen in the projectile body, which were pressed in by the trains of the weapon when the projectile was fired.
  • four strips 24 At the front end of the projectile body, four strips 24 have formed, which are bent outwards and somewhat rolled up. From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the strips 24 are bent with an inclined front edge 25, the front edges 25 are so inclined that they significantly increase the swirl of the projectile in the target.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show how a projectile of the type shown in FIG. 2 can be produced with a pressing device.
  • the starting material is a cylindrical blank 26, which can be cut from a rod or a wire, for example. 7, an outwardly widening hole 27 with a mandrel has been pressed into one end face of the blank 26, thereby increasing the length of the blank 26.
  • 27 grooves 28 are pushed into the wall of the hole, the flanks of which, as shown in FIG. Then the front end of the blank is pressed together so that the tip 29 shown in FIG. 10 forms, in which there is an essentially cylindrical blind hole 3 with a conically widened end 4.
  • the grooves 28 are now compressed so that their flanks in the immediate vicinity Are in contact with each other so that the grooves form weak spots that practically only appear like hairline cracks. Now only the filling and / or an insert or a cap has to be introduced into the blind hole 3 in order to complete the projectile if an insert or a cap is provided.
  • the projectile can thus be produced by simple pressing and punching processes and without the need for expensive turning with conventional machines. Should the projectile body be filled with lead; As shown in Fig., a corresponding blank must be used.
  • the projectile is preferably intended for hunting and sports purposes, where a danger to the hinterland is particularly undesirable, the projectile can in principle be designed and used for all rifles, pistols or revolvers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Projectile, par exemple pour" la chasse, comprenant une coque de projectile (2 ; 10 ; 15) à extrémité avant conique, pourvue d'une ouverture centrale avant (3 ; 16) fermée par un insert (4a ; 8 ; 18), la coque de projectile (2 ; 10 ; 15) présentant dans la zone de son extrémité conique avant (2a) des points faibles, caractérisé en ce que ces points faibles sont réalisés sous forme d'incisions (13 ; 20) angulaires par rapport à son axe longitudinal (6 ; 22) et opposées à son sens de rotation et/ou sous forme de gorges (5) partant de sa face extérieure, dont l'une des parois forme une résistance agissant contre la rotation du projectile mouvant, et que l'insert (4a ; 8 ; 18) est disposé dans l'extrémité conique (4; 19) de l'ouverture centrale (3 ; 16).
2. Projectile suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (4a) comprend une paroi latérale conique et dans la face avant une cavité (4b) sous forme d'une écuelle.
3. Projectile suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans l'ouverture centrale (3) de la coque de projectile (10) est disposé un remplissage (7) remplissant cette dernière au moins partiellement et consistant d'une matière non dangereuse pour la santé, comme de la matière organique par exemple sur la base d'albumine, de la cellulose ou de l'amidon qui peut être un corps comprimé.
4. Procédé pour la fabrication de projectiles comprenant les caractéristiques de la revendication 1 dans lequel est formée d'abord une coque creuse ouverte à l'avant en formant ensuite l'extrémité avant sous forme de pointe, caractérisé en ce que dans la face avant d'une ébauche cylindrique (26) consistant de cuivre, de tombac ou de fer est réalisé sous pression un trou (27) s'ouvrant de façon conique vers l'intérieur, et que ensuite sont formées dans la paroi enveloppant le trou des incisions et/ou gorges (28) servant de points faibles et que finalement l'extrémité perforée de l'ébauche est comprimée en une pointe (29) comprenant un trou central (3) substantiellement cylindrique ou conique et élargi à son extrémité extérieure (4), et que l'insert (4a ; 8 ; 18) est mis en place.
EP80101175A 1979-03-10 1980-03-07 Projectile, par exemple pour la chasse, et procédé pour sa fabrication Expired EP0015574B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101175T ATE4659T1 (de) 1979-03-10 1980-03-07 Geschoss, beispielsweise fuer jagdzwecke, und verfahren zu seiner herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792909471 DE2909471A1 (de) 1979-03-10 1979-03-10 Geschoss, beispielsweise fuer jagdzwecke, und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE2909471 1979-03-10
DE19792912910 DE2912910A1 (de) 1979-03-31 1979-03-31 Geschoss, insbesondere fuer polizeidienstliche und militaerische zwecke
DE2912910 1979-03-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0015574A2 EP0015574A2 (fr) 1980-09-17
EP0015574A3 EP0015574A3 (en) 1980-10-01
EP0015574B1 true EP0015574B1 (fr) 1983-09-14

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EP80101175A Expired EP0015574B1 (fr) 1979-03-10 1980-03-07 Projectile, par exemple pour la chasse, et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US4655140A (fr)
EP (1) EP0015574B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3064795D1 (fr)

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US3349711A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-10-31 Remington Arms Co Inc Process of forming jacketed projectiles
DE1453827A1 (fr) * 1965-05-29 1969-10-23
US4044685A (en) * 1971-06-18 1977-08-30 Hirtenberger Patronen-, Zundhutchen- Und Metallwarenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Jacketless hunting bullet with roll-back cutting flags
FR2286364A1 (fr) * 1974-09-26 1976-04-23 France Etat Projectile a portee reduite pour munition d'exercice
FI69367C (fi) * 1975-08-09 1986-01-10 Schirnecker Hans Ludwig Kula foer finkalibrigt vapen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT407301B (de) * 1988-11-14 2001-02-26 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vetreten Durch Sm Munitionsunternehmung Deformationsgeschoss, damit ausgerüstete munition, sowie verfahren zur herstellung des geschosses

Also Published As

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DE3064795D1 (en) 1983-10-20
US4655140A (en) 1987-04-07
EP0015574A2 (fr) 1980-09-17
EP0015574A3 (en) 1980-10-01

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