EP0009011A1 - Gerät zum Aufsprühen von Beton - Google Patents

Gerät zum Aufsprühen von Beton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0009011A1
EP0009011A1 EP79850078A EP79850078A EP0009011A1 EP 0009011 A1 EP0009011 A1 EP 0009011A1 EP 79850078 A EP79850078 A EP 79850078A EP 79850078 A EP79850078 A EP 79850078A EP 0009011 A1 EP0009011 A1 EP 0009011A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
holder
concrete
movement
holder means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP79850078A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Folke Hultgren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0009011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009011A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/026—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting having auxiliary platforms, e.g. for observation purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for applying a sprayable material, such as concrete and the like, to a surface.
  • the invention has particular application on blasted rock-surfaces, such as the surfaces of tunnels or the like formed in rock by blasting.
  • rock-surfaces such as the surfaces of tunnels or the like formed in rock by blasting.
  • a protective layer in the form of a supporting layer of material.
  • the material is sprayed by means of a spray nozzle mounted on the free end on a nozzle-holding means.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use when it is desired to apply a layer of material on both the ceiling and the walls of a tunnel, or the like, blasted in rock.
  • Apparatus which comprises a nozzle fixedly mounted to the free end of a holder means in the form of an operating means by which the spray nozzle can be displaced in a manner such as to try to effectively apply the material layer are known to the art.
  • This prior known apparatus comprises a spray nozzle mounted on the free end of a telescopically extensible holder arm which is movably connected to a platform through an intermediate coupling element.
  • the said intermediate coupling element has the form of a carrier arm which extends from the platform in the same direction as the extensible holder arm and is pivotable about its longitudinal axis, and by a link arm which is pivotally connected to the holder arm and the carrier arm in a manner such that, when seen from the side, the holder arm, the link arm and the carrier arm, when in a normal operating position, together take the form of the letter "Z".
  • an automatic device which there is obtained automatic oscillation over the sector between the first and the second terminal position.
  • Means are provided, however, whereby the operator is able to override the automatic oscillating device, so that the nozzle will swing beyound the said terminal positions, automatic oscillation of the nozzle being re-commended when the override is released. In this way it is possible to cause the nozzle to oscillate between two new terminal.positions, but in the same direction.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide means whereby a layer of material can be readily applied to a surface.
  • the invention is able to solve a problem especially connected with the application of a protective layer to the ceiling and/or a wall of a tunnel.
  • the present invention is intended to provide a further constructional possibility of producing another and completely uniform movement, automatically controlled and lacking abrupt changes in the direction of movement of the nozzle, since in the method of the invention there are no terminal positions.
  • a further difficulty encountered is one of spraying concrete with the least possible waste, in a manner which is simple and satisfactory from the aspect of worker protection, and which is also methodical and time saving. From the aspect of worker protection, it is satisfactory if the operator is able always to work from a position in which he is not exposed to falls of rock in the tunnel, whilst allowing him to spray the concrete in a manner which reduces to an absolute minimum discomforts of a harmful nature.
  • rational and work-saving methods is meant methods .. in which the concrete can always be sprayed in accordance with a pre-set regular method with the nozzle at the correct distance from the surface to be sprayed and at the correct angle therewith. This results in less work, the least possible wastage of material and an optimal quality of the layer applied.
  • the nozzle is able to carry out a range osciallatory movement at the same time as it is passed forwards and backwards over the surface, in accordance with a predetermined working pattern, preferably in mutually adjacent, parallel "gores", the operator having full control over the progress of the work through the mechanical and more or less automatic design and function of the arrangement, and is sufficiently close to be able to immediately interfere and personally direct the process when so required, e.g. in the case of pronouned irregularities and cavities in the surface being coated.
  • a further problem is that, the operator often has to stand on pieces of rock formed when blasting of the tunnel, the distance from the nozzle to the ceiling surface being too great, or from a bucket loader or even directly on the floor.
  • the present invention solves the aforementioned problems by the fact that the nozzle holder means is arranged to pivot at its centre part or approximately at its centre part on a vertical shaft, thereby to permit the holder means, when so required, to adopt a position which is parallel with the working direction, e.g. the direction in which the tunnel extends, it being possible by means of the special design of the holder means to displace the spray nozzle along the tunnel ceiling ard parallel to the tunnel walls with the carriage stationary.
  • the holder means is telescopically arranged such that said displacement of the nozzle is effected in the longitudinal direction of the holder means.
  • the centre part of the holder means is connected to a carrier means fixedly mounted on a platform (a basket) for carrying the opera- tcr.
  • movement of the holder means and therewith the spray nozzle can be effected through hydraulic or electrical means or a combination of such control means and, when required, can be controlled fully or partially automatically so that the operator is able to concentrate on monitoring layer being sprayed.
  • the nozzle is conveniently mounted in a hclder means of such nature that the nozzle is continuously moved in two right-angled coordinates, for example a rotary oscillatory movement having no terminal positions.
  • the holder means may be caused to move in a circular path or in an elliptical path.
  • a motor which is arranged to rotate in the holder means a sleeve having a recess arranged therein.
  • the spray nozzle is arranged in said recess.
  • the recess has a centre axis which is to form an angle with the axis of rotation of the sleeve, which is arranged to spread the sprayed concrete in the most purposeful manner.
  • a motor is arranged to drive an excentric shaft, the movement of which can be transmitted to a tube in which the nozzle is arranged, said tube being resiliently mounted in a holder means, whereby there is obtained a rotary movement without terminal positions.
  • the advantage is afforded whereby it is possible to apply a uniform coating of material on every part of the ceiling of a tunnel and the more or less vertical sides or walls of said tunnel, with the aid of very simple devices and without too much demand on the operator.
  • This uniform concrete on the ceiling can also readily be obtained adjacent the walls by arranging for the nozzle to be moved parallel with said wall. This displacement of the nozzle is effected without it being necessary for the carriage to move.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a carriage 1f, necessary to the invention and being arranged to carry a working platform or working cage for an operator ( Figure 2).
  • the cage is mounted, via a pivot shaft la, to the free and 1b' of the one part 1b of a two part telescopic holder arm or jub.
  • the inner and forward part 1b of the holder arm is displaceably arranged in the other, outer and lower part 1c, the lowermost part 1c' of which is attached to a support le through a pivot shaft 1d, said support 1e being, in turn, mounted on and carried by the carriage lf.
  • the carriage 1f has two forward wheels 1g and two rear wheels 1h, the forward wheels being driven by means not illustrated or described.
  • Each of the wheels lh is arranged for rotation of a respective shaft li.
  • the carriage If carries a counterweight lj which is displaceable rearwardly in dependence upon the prevailing tipping moment (the weight and lenght of part lb).
  • the position of which the counterweight 1j is to be displaced can either be control led in response to the sensed pressure in cylinder lk or by the total axle weight sensed.
  • the parts lc and lb of the holder arm can be raised and lowered about the shaft ld by means of a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement lk, whilst the forward part lb of the holder arm can be extended from or withdrawn into the lower part lc of said holder arm by means of a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 1m or, optionally, by means of a rack arrangment.
  • the working platform 1 can be rotated about the shaft la by means of a hydraulic piston - cylinder arrangement 1a', thereby to adopt a horisontal position.
  • the working platform can be moved to any desired position by means fo the piston-cylinder arrangements lk an 1m within a sector defined by lines "A" and "B" shown in Figure 1 (see also Figure 3).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in somewhat larger scale the various elements embodied in the working platform or cage having place for a worker or an operator 3.
  • the cage 1 carries a tie-bar arrangement 2 mounted on a side part of the cage, such that the operator 3 can readily manoeuvre the holder means 6 and the spray nozzle 7 via a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 12.
  • the holder means 6 and the nozzle 7 can be raised or lowered by means of the piston arrangement 12 and constantly take a horizontal position.
  • the tie bar arrangement 2 is mounted on a support 2a, which in turn is pivotally mounted on the forward side part of the cage 1.
  • the pivot axis is referenced 2b.
  • the tie bar arrangement can be rotated about the axis 2b in means not shown and will adopt any selected position between the terminal positions C and D shown in Figure 3.
  • the direction of the nozzle 7 in a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the holder means 6 can be regulated by means of a hydraulic-piston cylinder arrangement 9 , since the nozzle is pivotally mounted on one end 6a- of the holder means 6 through pivots 9a and 9a'. It should also be mentioned that the nozzle direction can also be regulated manually by the operator, by means of a so called "teleflex-wire".
  • the holder means 6 has an inner tube having a free end 6a' which is arranged in an outer tube having a free end 6a.
  • the inner tube 6a' can be displaced out of and into the tube 6a by means of a motor 6b.
  • a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 9 When a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 9 is used, it is mounted on the inner tube through the pivot 9a'.
  • the motor 6b is arranged to rotate a screw-threaded shaft arranged to mesh with a nut-arrangement mounted on the tube 6a'. By means of this rotary movement, the tube 6a' is displaced out off or into the tube 6a, thereby displacing the nozzle in the manner intended.
  • the operator 3 is able to rotate the holder means 6 around a rotational axis 21 alloted to said holder means, through a hydraulic operating device.
  • This rotation of the holder means 6 is effected by activating a motor 21a, which through a transmission means, not shown in detail, causes said tube 6 to rotate about the axis 21.
  • the holder means 6 can be dispaced in a horizontal position upwardly and downwardly (see Figure 2) by moving part 1b.
  • the tie point has been provided with two rotary means 2Ca and 2a, which can be called rotary cylinders since the angle of rotation is restricted to 180°.
  • the rotary means 20 causes the nozzle 7 to rotate in a vertical plane (about the axis 20), such that the nozzle 7 can be adjusted to different angles when seen vertically, so as always to adopt a position perpendicular to the ceiling.
  • the axis of rotation 20 of the rotary means 20a is therefore horizontal. It should also be possible to rotate the holder means 6 about its longitudinal axis. The directions of movement of the nozzle 7 are shown by means of arrows in Figure 3.
  • the axis of roation 21 of the other rotary means 21a which is suitable identical to the rotary means 20a, extends perpendicular to the axis 20.
  • the purpose of this is to adjust the holder means 6 to a position parallel with the working direction (the direction in which the tunnel extends) when the arm system 2 is rotated towards one side or the other (the terminal positions C and D) in relation to the working platform shown in Figure 3.
  • the arm system 2 with the hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 12 is mounted on a pivotable (about its vertical axis) support 2a which is pivotally mounted on the floor of the platform, such that the arrangement can be mounted on any suitable platform whatsever.
  • the reference 8 indicates a layer of sprayed concrete previously applied and preventing falls rock onto (protecting) the operator, whilst the reference 8' indicates the stream of sprayed concrete, which coats a part of the tunnel with a further layer.
  • the nozzle 7 communicates with one end of a hose 10, the other end of which co-operates with a concrete mixer and a pump not shown.
  • the operator has at his disposal in the working cage a plurality of operating means by which the cage 1 and the holder means 6 with the nozzle can be moved in the desired direction.
  • operating means can be mentioned:
  • the holder means 6 is provided on the end thereof facing the cage 1 with a motor 6b arranged to rotate a shaft placed in the tube of the holder means 6 such as to displace it into the tube 6a' placed in the holder means 6 in the longitudinal direction of the holder means 6, although other means may also be used.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a section of the aforementioned holder means for the spray nozzle, which is seated in the end of the arm system 6 and comprises an integral part thereof and which imparts the aforementioned rotary oscillatory movement to the nozzle, thereby to apply a sprayable material, such as concrete or the like, to a surface, particularly a blasted rock surface, such as that formed in tunnels or the like.
  • the nozzle 7 is arranged to be imparted a continuous rotary tilting movement without terminal positions in two right-angle coordinates in the attachment 6c.
  • the embodiment illustrates that the nozzle is moved in a circular parth., To this end, there is provided a motor 41 having a rotary shaft 42 arranged to drive a gear ring 43.
  • the gear ring 43 is mounted on a sleeve 44.
  • the sleeve 44 is driven round in the attachment 6c, and in particular in a housing 6d formed in the attachment 6c.
  • the sleeve 44 is provided in a recess 45 in which the nozzle 7 is journalled, the recess 45 having a centre axis 45a which forms an angle to the rotary axis 44a of the sleeve 44. This angle shall be located within the range of 5-20°, preferably 10-15°.
  • the nozzle 7 is journalled in the sleeve 44 by means of bearing means 45, meaning that the nozzle 7 will not accompany the rotati.on of the sleeve 44 but can only move in the desired, continuous rotary oscillatory movement path.
  • FIG. 7 there is shown the connecting part 7a of the spray nozzle 7, which connecting part is coupled to a connection for adding a further mixing agent to the sprayable material passing through the hose 10.
  • an accelerator can be added through the tube 61 and air through the tube 62.
  • the invention also proposes a particular ejector action.
  • the flow of air guarantees, through said ejector effect, that water admixed with accelerator will constantly be supplied to the spray nozzle, which is an unavoidable necessity when wet spraying.
  • the accelerator is already mixed in the concrete mass, since it is dry. Only water. without an addition of air, is supplied to the nozzle.
  • FIGs 8-10 there is illustrated an alternative embodiment of an arrangement for moving the nozzle in e continuous rotary movement exhibiting two right-angles coordinates, without terminal positions.
  • This arrangement comprises a motor 71 arranged to drive an excentric plate 72.
  • the excentric plate 72 is arranged to co-operate with a plate 73.
  • the motor 71 is arranged to drive two excentric plates 72, 72', as best illustrated in Figure 9.
  • the plate 73 co-operates with holding device 74 mounted on the hose 10.
  • the hose 10 is also held in a holding device 75 via a resilient bush 76.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
EP79850078A 1978-08-30 1979-08-28 Gerät zum Aufsprühen von Beton Ceased EP0009011A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7809146 1978-08-30
SE7809146A SE7809146L (sv) 1978-08-30 1978-08-30 Anordning for att anbringa ett sprutbart material pa en yta

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0009011A1 true EP0009011A1 (de) 1980-03-19

Family

ID=20335692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79850078A Ceased EP0009011A1 (de) 1978-08-30 1979-08-28 Gerät zum Aufsprühen von Beton

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0009011A1 (de)
AR (1) AR220410A1 (de)
AU (1) AU5038279A (de)
BR (1) BR7905408A (de)
NO (1) NO792778L (de)
SE (1) SE7809146L (de)
ZA (1) ZA794386B (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0066724A1 (de) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-15 Aliva Aktiengesellschaft Spritzvorrichtung, insbesondere für Spritzbeton
WO1994004792A1 (de) * 1992-08-19 1994-03-03 Putzmeister-Werk Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Fahrbare betoniereinrichtung
WO1995005245A1 (en) * 1993-08-17 1995-02-23 Ulf Ekeblom An apparatus for directing a spray nozzle
FR2743108A1 (fr) * 1995-12-27 1997-07-04 Sandoz Sa Procede et dispositif de revetement des parois interieures de tunnels avec du beton projete
CN102444287A (zh) * 2011-10-20 2012-05-09 中联重科股份有限公司 混凝土喷射机刷动装置和混凝土喷射机的喷头总成
CN104564108A (zh) * 2015-01-16 2015-04-29 山东科技大学 矿用风送万向节转子活塞式混凝土喷射机
CN104631832A (zh) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-20 湖南五新重型装备有限公司 一种工程底盘混凝土喷射机
CN113719296A (zh) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-30 北京市市政一建设工程有限责任公司 一种降振钻爆施工工艺

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104056745B (zh) * 2014-06-09 2017-02-08 宋翔宇 一种环保用自动控制喷水消尘装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH556445A (de) * 1972-02-29 1974-11-29 Stabilator Ab Von einer fahrbaren plattform getragene vorrichtung zum auftragen eines spritzbaren stoffes auf eine flaeche.
CH566173A5 (de) * 1973-06-04 1975-09-15 Aeromatic Ag
FR2298683A1 (fr) * 1975-01-24 1976-08-20 Armand Andre Procede et dispositif pour l'execution a front du soutenement de la paroi d'un tunnel circulaire
US3986671A (en) * 1975-07-10 1976-10-19 Robin Olivier Nugent Spraying apparatus
FR2322258A1 (fr) * 1975-08-27 1977-03-25 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Dispositif de remplissage pneumatique pour soutenement de galerie
CH586346A5 (de) * 1973-12-13 1977-03-31 Glueckauf Beukenberg Maschinen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH556445A (de) * 1972-02-29 1974-11-29 Stabilator Ab Von einer fahrbaren plattform getragene vorrichtung zum auftragen eines spritzbaren stoffes auf eine flaeche.
CH566173A5 (de) * 1973-06-04 1975-09-15 Aeromatic Ag
CH586346A5 (de) * 1973-12-13 1977-03-31 Glueckauf Beukenberg Maschinen
FR2298683A1 (fr) * 1975-01-24 1976-08-20 Armand Andre Procede et dispositif pour l'execution a front du soutenement de la paroi d'un tunnel circulaire
US3986671A (en) * 1975-07-10 1976-10-19 Robin Olivier Nugent Spraying apparatus
FR2322258A1 (fr) * 1975-08-27 1977-03-25 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Dispositif de remplissage pneumatique pour soutenement de galerie

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0066724A1 (de) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-15 Aliva Aktiengesellschaft Spritzvorrichtung, insbesondere für Spritzbeton
WO1994004792A1 (de) * 1992-08-19 1994-03-03 Putzmeister-Werk Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Fahrbare betoniereinrichtung
WO1995005245A1 (en) * 1993-08-17 1995-02-23 Ulf Ekeblom An apparatus for directing a spray nozzle
FR2743108A1 (fr) * 1995-12-27 1997-07-04 Sandoz Sa Procede et dispositif de revetement des parois interieures de tunnels avec du beton projete
US5851580A (en) * 1995-12-27 1998-12-22 Amberg; Felix Shotcrete spraying process
AT409885B (de) * 1995-12-27 2002-12-27 Mbt Holding Ag Verfahren zum beschichten von tunnelinnenwänden mit spritzbeton und einrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens
CN102444287A (zh) * 2011-10-20 2012-05-09 中联重科股份有限公司 混凝土喷射机刷动装置和混凝土喷射机的喷头总成
CN104564108A (zh) * 2015-01-16 2015-04-29 山东科技大学 矿用风送万向节转子活塞式混凝土喷射机
CN104564108B (zh) * 2015-01-16 2016-11-16 山东科技大学 矿用风送万向节转子活塞式混凝土喷射机
CN104631832A (zh) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-20 湖南五新重型装备有限公司 一种工程底盘混凝土喷射机
CN113719296A (zh) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-30 北京市市政一建设工程有限责任公司 一种降振钻爆施工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR7905408A (pt) 1980-04-29
AU5038279A (en) 1980-03-06
AR220410A1 (es) 1980-10-31
ZA794386B (en) 1980-11-26
SE7809146L (sv) 1980-03-01
NO792778L (no) 1980-03-03

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