EP0008431B1 - Procédé d'isolation de supraconducteurs dans un enroulement magnétique - Google Patents

Procédé d'isolation de supraconducteurs dans un enroulement magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0008431B1
EP0008431B1 EP79102948A EP79102948A EP0008431B1 EP 0008431 B1 EP0008431 B1 EP 0008431B1 EP 79102948 A EP79102948 A EP 79102948A EP 79102948 A EP79102948 A EP 79102948A EP 0008431 B1 EP0008431 B1 EP 0008431B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulation
winding
protective material
sizing
threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79102948A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0008431A2 (fr
EP0008431A3 (en
Inventor
Hanns-Jörg Weisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0008431A2 publication Critical patent/EP0008431A2/fr
Publication of EP0008431A3 publication Critical patent/EP0008431A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0008431B1 publication Critical patent/EP0008431B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/12Insulating of windings
    • H01F41/122Insulating between turns or between winding layers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/917Mechanically manufacturing superconductor
    • Y10S505/918Mechanically manufacturing superconductor with metallurgical heat treating
    • Y10S505/919Reactive formation of superconducting intermetallic compound
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/917Mechanically manufacturing superconductor
    • Y10S505/918Mechanically manufacturing superconductor with metallurgical heat treating
    • Y10S505/919Reactive formation of superconducting intermetallic compound
    • Y10S505/921Metal working prior to treating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/917Mechanically manufacturing superconductor
    • Y10S505/924Making superconductive magnet or coil
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49014Superconductor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49071Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by winding or coiling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for isolating superconductors in a magnetic winding, in which sizes and / or binders containing organic substances which have been deposited on heat-resistant insulating agents are eliminated prior to in-situ annealing of conductor precursors intended to form the superconducting properties of the conductors.
  • Superconducting intermetallic compounds of type A 3 B with an A15 crystal structure, such as Nb 3 Sn or V 3 Ga, have good superconducting properties and are distinguished by high critical values. Conductors with these materials are therefore particularly suitable for superconducting magnet coils for generating strong magnetic fields.
  • ternary connections such as niobium-aluminum-germanium Nb 3 from 0.8 Ge 0.2 are particularly interesting for conductors of such magnets.
  • a first component which is a wire-shaped ductile element of the intermetallic compound to be produced, is generally surrounded by a sheath which consists of a ductile carrier metal and an alloy containing the other elements of the compound consists.
  • a niobium or vanadium wire is surrounded by a sheath made of a copper-tin bronze or a copper-gallium-bronze.
  • a large number of such wires can also be embedded in a matrix made of the alloy.
  • the structure obtained from these two components is then subjected to a cross-sectional machining. This gives a long wire-shaped structure, as is required for coils, without reactions that would embrittle the conductor.
  • the super conductor of a superconductor consisting of one or more wire cores and the surrounding matrix material is then subjected to an annealing treatment in such a way that the desired superconducting compound having an A15 crystal structure is subjected to a. Reaction of the core material with the further element of the compound contained in the surrounding matrix is formed. The element contained in the matrix diffuses into the core material consisting of the other element of the compound (cf. DE-A-20 44 660).
  • Superconducting magnetic coils made from such superconductors are generally produced by two different processes.
  • the first process which is also referred to as the "react first then wind process”
  • the preliminary conductor product of the superconductor to be produced is wound onto a provisional winding body and then subjected to the annealing treatment required to form the desired superconducting compound.
  • the superconductor thus produced is then unwound again from the provisional winding body and can be processed further.
  • Sizing for fibers made from the insulating materials mentioned can consist of an adhesive and film former, a lubricant and a wetting agent. If necessary, additives for adhesives can also be provided. These sizes contain, for example, starch, dextrin or polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) as adhesives and film formers, usually vegetable fats or oils as lubricants and surface-active substances as wetting agents. Binder for fabrics or nonwovens from the insulating materials mentioned ent generally hold organic substances based on paint or wax.
  • PVAC polyvinyl acetate
  • Such binders are, for example, polyurethane or polyvinyl butyral.
  • the pre-products are generally braided or wound with glass or quartz threads.
  • the insulations produced in this way are generally still impregnated with a binder based on paint or wax. Even so, simple wrapping does not offer sufficient security against interturn turns.
  • Multiple braidings or braids are therefore provided, which, however, entail a substantial increase in thickness and therefore, in particular in the case of thin conductors, a corresponding reduction in the winding density in the winding. Due to the higher induction voltage between the layers of a winding and for winding reasons, layer insulation made of glass fabrics is generally used.
  • the magnetic windings are generally subjected to a cleaning annealing at temperatures between, for example, 250 ° C. and 400 ° C. before the diffusion annealing of the conductor preliminary products. Carried out in a vacuum or in air, losses of the more volatile fractions of the intermediate conductor product, for example of tin, can occur, which deteriorate the current carrying capacity of the subsequently annealed superconductor.
  • oxides can form on the matrix material, which diffuse into the glass material at higher temperatures, for example above 700 ° C., and lead to complete embrittlement and a decrease in the melting point of the glass. There is a risk of mechanical destruction of the insulation.
  • the cleaning annealing is carried out under a protective gas such as argon, the organic substances are only partially driven out of the winding; the rest decomposes to graphite in the subsequent diffusion annealing. This worsens the insulation and can lead to short circuits in the winding.
  • a protective gas such as argon
  • This object is achieved for the above-mentioned method in that first the sizes and / or binders are completely removed from the insulation means and instead at least a part of the insulation means is provided with a protective material of predetermined composition, then the magnetic winding with the conductor preliminary products and Insulation means is built up and that the protective material is then removed from the magnetic winding without residue before the in situ annealing.
  • parts for winding insulation and parts for layer insulation are provided as insulation means and after removal of the sizes and / or binders only the parts for layer insulation are provided with the protective material.
  • glass, ceramic or quartz threads can be provided as parts for the winding insulation, which are arranged parallel to the conductor preliminary products.
  • the loss of strength associated with the desizing process of the glass, ceramic or quartz threads is in fact of only minor importance, since the quartz, ceramic or glass threads placed in parallel are hardly subjected to any mechanical stress. In this way, the parts for winding insulation can be excluded from the outset as the cause of any deterioration in the insulation.
  • a protective material with a dye additive can advantageously be used.
  • the complete removal of the protective material from the wound, not yet annealed magnet coil can be determined optically by means of a solvent.
  • a preliminary conductor product is used, as described, for example, in DE-A-2044660.
  • a niobium wire is first surrounded with a sheath made of a copper-tin bronze.
  • a large number of such wires can also be embedded in a matrix made of bronze.
  • This structure is then subjected to a cross-sectional machining. This results in a long wire that is sufficiently ductile as a preliminary conductor product.
  • This wire-shaped pre-product is then applied to the winding body of the magnet winding together with the pre-product using a glass thread, the thickness of which corresponds to the thickness of the pre-product.
  • the glass filament has been thermally desized beforehand by annealing for about 30 minutes at about 500 ° C. in air.
  • the associated loss of strength of the glass thread is of minor importance, since the glass thread placed parallel to the preliminary conductor product is hardly subjected to any mechanical stress. In addition, any that may occur easily repair cracks in the glass thread by simply laying such threads together without loss of insulation.
  • an adaptation can be carried out by connecting several conductors of the same or different type in parallel.
  • the conductor preliminary products can therefore run into the winding next to one another without being insulated, multiple turns being insulated from one another by a glass thread. It can thus be in addition to the current adjustment increase the aspect ratios of the ladder without the higke to impaired Stromtragfä- i t the head due to come anisotropy effects. A favorable winding density is achieved.
  • the tissue stability is therefore significantly increased by impregnating the tissue with a small amount of a suitable lacquer or wax.
  • Suitable paints are e.g. Those that cover the quartz with a protective film and can then be removed again with a solvent or by thermal treatment without leaving any residue.
  • Mowital B60H registered trademark of Farbwerke Hoechst AG, Frankfurt-Hoechst
  • Victoria blue 4R registered trademark of E. Merck, Darmstadt
  • the bobbin assembly finished with the preliminary conductor product and the parallel, stripped threads and with the prepared quartz fabrics is then covered with a few layers of plastic film, e.g. made of Hostaphan (registered trademark of Farbwerke Hoechst AG, Frankfurt-Hoechst) and provisionally bandaged with a self-sealing winding tape.
  • the impregnant can then be extracted using a solvent.
  • Suitable solvents of the impregnating agent mentioned are, for example, ketones such as e.g. Acetone, alcohols such as e.g. Methanol or ether such as Methylglycol.
  • the leaching is very easy with a special construction of a coil former, which is known from DE-A-2709300.
  • This coil body has an integrated inlet and outlet system for form-free pressure impregnation.
  • the solvent only has to be introduced through a lower hose nozzle and discharged through an upper hose nozzle when the coil body is at an angle or vertically.
  • the washing-out process of the impregnating agent can expediently be carried out continuously with a special extraction apparatus. The extraction is complete when the solvent no longer contains any dye, i.e. colorless comes out of the coil.
  • the washout process can take, for example, 10 to 15 hours.
  • the coil is then dried, for example under vacuum or in a gas stream.
  • the reaction annealing can then be carried out, in which the niobium of the wire cores is reacted with the tin from the bronze by diffusion to form the intermetallic compound Nb 3 Sn.
  • a graphite formation in the winding and thus a deterioration in insulation is excluded because all organic constituents of the impregnating agent of the quartz fabric have been washed out by the previous washing process and glass threads that have already been completely desized from the conductor preliminary product have been applied to the winding body.
  • the coil can be impregnated.
  • Low molecular weight polyethylenes with mol weights between 1,000 and 8,000 can advantageously be used as the impregnating agent. These polyethylenes have sufficiently high solidification temperatures between 100 ° C and 120 ° C, are mechanically relatively strong even at room temperature and do not impair the training behavior of the coils. At processing temperatures between 120 ° C and 160 ° C, their viscosities are between about 0.03 and 3 Pas low enough for vacuum impregnation of tightly wound magnets.
  • the protective material for the insulating fabrics is completely removed from the magnetic winding by washing with a suitable solvent.
  • a thermal treatment for driving these materials out of the winding can optionally also be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Procédé pour isoler des supraconducteurs dans un enroulement magnétique, suivant lequel des produits d'ensimage et/ou des adhésifs, contenant des substances organiques et déposés sur des moyens d'isolation résistant à la chaleur, sont enlevés d'ébauches de conducteurs avant un recuit in situ destiné à la formation des propriétés supraconductrices des conducteurs, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à enlever d'abord entièrement les produits d'ensimage et/ou les adhésifs des moyens d'isolation et à mettre à leur place sur au moins une partie des moyens d'isolation une matière de protection de composition déterminée à l'avance, puis à constituer l'enroulement magnétique avec les ébauches de conducteurs et les moyens d'isolation et ensuite, et avant le recuit in situ, à enlever à nouveau la matière de protection de l'enroulement magnétique sans laisser de résidu.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à prévoir comme moyens d'isolation des éléments destinés à l'isolation des spires et des éléments destinés à l'isolation des couches et, après l'enlèvement des produits d'ensimage et/ou des adhésifs, à ne munir de la matière de protection que les éléments destinés à l'isolation des couches.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à prévoir comme éléments destinés à l'isolation des spires, des fils en verre, en céramique ou en quartz.
4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à disposer les fils en verre, en céramique ou en quartz parallèlement aux ébauches de conducteurs.
5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à prévoir comme éléments destinés à l'isolation des couches, des tissus en verre ou en quartz.
6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par un traitement thermique pour enlever les produits d'ensimage et/ou les adhésifs.
7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par un traitement enzymatique pour enlever les produits d'ensimage et/ou les liants.
8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à munir de la matière de protection, au moins partiellement par imprégnation, les moyens d'isolement débarrassés des produits d'ensimage et/ou des adhésifs.
9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à prévoir comme agent d'imprégnation une solution acétonique d'un polyvinylbutyral.
10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à enlever la matière de protection sans laisser de résidu de l'enroulement magnétique par dissolution dans l'acétone ou dans le méthanol.
11. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser la matière de protection additionnée d'un colorant.
12. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à enlever sans laisser de résidu la matière de protection de l'enroulement magnétique par traitement thermique.
13. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à munir l'enroulement magnétique d'un agent d'imprégnation après le recuit in situ.
14. Procédé suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser comme agent d'imprégnation un polyéthylène à bas poids moléculaire.
EP79102948A 1978-08-25 1979-08-13 Procédé d'isolation de supraconducteurs dans un enroulement magnétique Expired EP0008431B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2837199 1978-08-25
DE2837199A DE2837199C2 (de) 1978-08-25 1978-08-25 Verfahren zum Isolieren einer zu glühenden supraleitenden Magnetwicklung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0008431A2 EP0008431A2 (fr) 1980-03-05
EP0008431A3 EP0008431A3 (en) 1980-03-19
EP0008431B1 true EP0008431B1 (fr) 1982-02-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79102948A Expired EP0008431B1 (fr) 1978-08-25 1979-08-13 Procédé d'isolation de supraconducteurs dans un enroulement magnétique

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US4261097A (fr)
EP (1) EP0008431B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2837199C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59103548A (ja) * 1982-11-30 1984-06-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 超電導線輪
US4885970A (en) * 1985-11-25 1989-12-12 Fender C Leo Moisture-free electromagnetic pickup for an electrical musical instrument of the stringed type
US5212013A (en) * 1986-06-30 1993-05-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Inorganic wire insulation for super-conducting wire
US5246729A (en) * 1986-06-30 1993-09-21 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Method of coating superconductors with inorganic insulation
US4990491A (en) * 1988-06-29 1991-02-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Insulation for superconductors
CH678465A5 (fr) * 1988-07-14 1991-09-13 Asea Brown Boveri
FR2643496A1 (fr) * 1989-02-21 1990-08-24 Alsthom Gec Isolant multicouches pour conducteur electrique comportant au moins en surface un metal ou alliage peu ductile, et procede de fabrication de cet isolant
US5021401A (en) * 1989-04-03 1991-06-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Integrated production of superconductor insulation for chemical vapor deposition of nickel carbonyl
US8056256B2 (en) * 2008-09-17 2011-11-15 Slack Associates, Inc. Method for reconditioning FCR APG-68 tactical radar units
US8701307B2 (en) 2008-09-17 2014-04-22 Howard C. Slack Method for cleaning and reconditioning FCR APG-68 tactical radar units

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB831138A (en) * 1957-07-05 1960-03-23 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements relating to the insulation of electric windings
US3655353A (en) * 1969-05-21 1972-04-11 Ppg Industries Inc Glass fiber size
BE755928A (fr) * 1969-09-10 1971-02-15 Whittaker Corp Procede de fabrication de supraconducteurs
GB1340983A (en) * 1971-03-10 1973-12-19 Siemens Ag Superconductor cables
CH532307A (de) * 1971-05-19 1972-12-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung von Aktivteilen für Transformatoren oder Drosseln mit elektrischen Wicklungen mit bandförmigem Isoliermaterial, sowie dessen Anwendung auf Hoch- und Höchstspannungs-Transformatoren oder Drosselspulen
US3838082A (en) * 1971-05-25 1974-09-24 Du Pont Polytetrafluoromethylene coatings containing water soluble polyhydrolyzable compound for glass fabrics
CH551091A (de) * 1972-10-16 1974-06-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren zur herstellung einer wicklung und nach diesem verfahren hergestellte wicklung.
GB1467997A (en) * 1974-10-15 1977-03-23 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Superconductive magnet coils and their formers
DE2528995C3 (de) * 1975-06-28 1979-04-12 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Schlichtemittel für Glasfasern
DE2709300C3 (de) * 1977-03-03 1981-02-05 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Supraleitende Magnetspule mit Imprägniereinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0008431A2 (fr) 1980-03-05
EP0008431A3 (en) 1980-03-19
DE2837199C2 (de) 1983-05-05
US4261097A (en) 1981-04-14
DE2837199A1 (de) 1980-03-06

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