EP0006038A1 - Ship transporting device - Google Patents

Ship transporting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0006038A1
EP0006038A1 EP79400254A EP79400254A EP0006038A1 EP 0006038 A1 EP0006038 A1 EP 0006038A1 EP 79400254 A EP79400254 A EP 79400254A EP 79400254 A EP79400254 A EP 79400254A EP 0006038 A1 EP0006038 A1 EP 0006038A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beams
boat
carriages
jacks
lateral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79400254A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0006038B1 (en
Inventor
Maurice Gardon
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Delattre Levivier SA
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Delattre Levivier SA
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Publication of EP0006038A1 publication Critical patent/EP0006038A1/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C3/00—Launching or hauling-out by landborne slipways; Slipways
    • B63C3/12—Launching or hauling-out by landborne slipways; Slipways using cradles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation for horizontally transporting a boat on firm, dry ground. Such an installation is integrated into a more complex installation making it possible to transport a boat from water to firm ground and vice versa.
  • Some ship dry or water installations include a lift to lift each ship from the water to ground level.
  • Such an elevator includes a platform raised by winches. The boat rests on the platform during the transport of the water up to ground level, that is to say to the position where it emerges. Each boat must then be moved horizontally from the elevator to a garage position.
  • the horizontal transport of a ship is generally carried out by wheeled carts placed under the keel of this ship.
  • This mode of transport lacks flexibility to absorb the irregularities of the ground and to distribute the load of the ship.
  • these trolleys only serve one direction, which limits the number of boats that can be parked on a given surface.
  • the jacks allow, when the beams are supported on the ground, to lift the carriages above the rails and thus to rotate them from one track to another track. Changes of direction can therefore be made.
  • the cylinders above all allow the boat to be elastically and isostatically supported from the ground.
  • the cylinders supporting the beams are divided into three groups. All the cylinders in the same group are connected together so that the reactions of these cylinders are equal.
  • a first group comprises the jacks associated with a fraction of the carriages of the line of carriages rolling on one of the tracks.
  • the second group includes the cylinders associated with a fraction of the carriages in the line of carriages traveling on the other track.
  • the third group includes the cylinders associated with the carriages located at one end of each line and rolling on the two parallel tracks.
  • Each group of cylinders is equivalent to a fictitious support at the center of the geometric figure that they define.
  • the three resulting from the three groups of cylinders are located at the vertices of an isosceles triangle whose main height is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • the lateral anchoring pins press on the beams by means of jacks. These jacks make it possible to adjust the docking tins in height according to the supported boat. The balance of the carriages between the different tins is still imperfect. The docking must be done by trial and error and requires manual intervention. In addition to this drawback concerning docking, these known installations do not allow vessels of large tonnages and large widths to be supported.
  • the subject of the present invention is an installation intended to transport a large tonnage vessel by supporting it isostatically. It makes it possible to support isostatically each section of the ship while ensuring a balancing of the forces on the different tins located under this section.
  • the lateral tins ensuring the stability of the vessel, when launching or leaving the water or during movement, are kept in permanent contact against the hull of the vessel. The racking or refining is performed automatically.
  • this installation comprises of part of the carriages each provided with a hydraulic cylinder and rolling elements and on the other hand parallel support beams supporting the boat which is arranged so that its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to these beams which are supported on the cylinders of two carriages rolling on two parallel tracks, the jacks forming three groups of jacks hydraulically connected so that the results of these groups are located at the vertices of a triangle, and it is characterized in that it comprises at least three parallel tracks on which roll the carriages supporting the support beams which are arranged so as to form at least two rows of beams offset perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • the beams are arranged in at least three rows.
  • At least one of the groups of hydraulically connected jacks comprises jacks supporting beams supporting the central file and jacks supporting beams supporting a lateral file.
  • FIG. 1 to 8 The installation shown in Figures 1 to 8 is used to support and transport horizontally a boat 11 on firm ground 12.
  • the boat 11 is moved by means of carriages 41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53 which roll on four parallel tracks 61 to 64 ( Figures 1 to 3) or on six tracks 61 to 66 (fjgure 4).
  • the boat 11 is supported on the carriages by means of support beams 3, 4 and 5 which are stored in parallel. Each beam rests at its ends on two carriages.
  • the boat is arranged so that its longitudinal axis 13 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the beams passing through the support points on the carriages.
  • the support beams form at least three rows, the associated carriages rolling on at least four tracks.
  • the ends of the beams of each line are aligned parallel to the axis 13.
  • the beams 3 form the central file.
  • Beams 4 and 5 form the lateral rows.
  • the central beams 3 have their ends symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • the boat is supported on the central beams 3 - by means of central tins 21. It is supported on the lateral beams 4 and 5 by anchoring tins 22 and 23 respectively.
  • the support beams are joined by tie rods parallel to the axis of the boat and which are not shown.
  • the central beams 3 are supported by the carriages 31 and 33.
  • the lateral storage beams 4 are supported by the carriages 41 and 43.
  • the lateral storage beams 5 are supported by the carriages 51 and 53. Each support beam can rest on the ground or on a lifting platform with the carriages removed.
  • the carriages associated with the beams 3 of the central file roll on the central tracks 62 and 63. At least two lateral tracks are arranged in parallel and on either side of the central tracks.
  • the carriages 41 run on an outer lateral track 61, the carriages 53 run on an outer lateral track 64. Each of the tracks comprises two rails.
  • the carriages 43 and 51 roll respectively on the central tracks 62 and 63.
  • the carriages 43 and 51 roll respectively on lateral tracks 65 and 66 .
  • the support beams are arranged so as to form three rows of offset beams, perpendicular to the axis 13, owing to the fact that the beams 4 and 5 of the lateral rows are associated with carriages traveling on tracks separated from the tracks on which the carriages associated with beams 3 of the central file.
  • the midpoints of the beams that is to say the points each located at equal distances from the support points of a beam on the carriages, are aligned on a fictitious line situated between a fictitious line passing through the midpoints of the beams 4 d '' a lateral line and a fictitious line passing through the circles of beams 5 of the other lateral file.
  • the ends of the central beams and the lateral beams are spaced, perpendicular to the axis 13, with respect to each other.
  • Each carriage comprises four wheels rolling in pairs on the two rails.
  • the carriage 31 comprises four wheels 311, 312, 313, 314 which are guided in bearings of the bogie frame 315.
  • the support beams are parallel or perpendicular to the rails.
  • Each cart has a hydraulic cylinder.
  • Each support beam is supported at its ends on two jacks mounted on carriages.
  • each beam 3 is supported on the jacks 32 and 34 mounted respectively on the carriages 31 and 33.
  • Each beam 4 is supported on the jacks 42 and 44 mounted respectively on the carriages 41 and 43.
  • Each beam 5 is supported on the jacks 52 and 54 mounted respectively on the carriages 51 and 53.
  • the cylinders 32 and 34, 42 and 44, 52 and 54 form three groups. In each group, the lower chambers of the cylinders are connected. The hydrostatic pressure being the same at every point of the hydraulic circuit of each group, all the forces developed by the cylinders of this group are equal. Thus in Figures 6 to 8, the broken lines, referenced I, II, III, delimit the cylinders belonging to the three groups.
  • Each group of cylinders is statically equivalent to a fictitious punctual support whose result, identified R1, R2, or R3, is equal to the sum of the -equal- reactions of the cylinders of this group.
  • the results of the three groups of jacks are located at the vertices of an isosceles triangle whose main height is parallel to the longitudinal axis 13 of the boat.
  • the two groups I and II give two results which are symmetrical and offset with respect to the longitudinal axis 13 of the boat.
  • the third group III gives a result passing approximately by the axis 13 of the boat.
  • the center of gravity of the ship must be located at the barycenter of the three fictitious support points, weighted by the number of jacks constituting each of these points.
  • Each of the groups of jacks whose resultant is offset comprises jacks supporting central support beams and jacks supporting lateral beams.
  • jacks supporting central beams 3 are connected to jacks supporting lateral beams 4.
  • jacks supporting beams central 3 are connected to jacks supporting lateral beams 5.
  • Some central beams rest on a jack connected to the other jacks of one of groups I or II, the other jack associated with each of these beams being connected to the jacks of the other group.
  • the two support cylinders of certain central beams are part of group III, the result of which is on the axis of the boat.
  • the two support cylinders of each lateral beam are generally part of the same group.
  • the weight of the boat is transmitted by the wedges 21 on the support beams 3 and the jacks 32 and 34 are subjected to forces. If the shims 22 were not applied against the hull of the boat, the interconnection of the jacks of group I would tend to cause the pistons of the jacks 42 and 44 to come out. Likewise if the shims 23 were not applied against the hull, the interconnection of group II cylinders would tend to cause the pistons of cylinders 52 and 54 to come out.
  • the installation shown in Figure 6 has a higher number of central support beams than lateral support beams. It is suitable for a center keel boat.
  • the installation shown in FIG. 7 includes more central beams and lateral beams than in the arrangement in FIG. 6.
  • the installation shown in FIG. 8 comprises, in group III, jacks supporting central beams 3 and lateral beams 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant in which the lateral support beams 4 and 5 are respectively equipped with jacks 45 and 55 serving to vertically displace the docking tins 22 and 23 when the hull of the boat is curved. The balancing of the forces between the different cylinders is carried out as previously and the docking is still carried out automatically.
  • Figure 5 shows a continuous support beam that can be used in the installation.
  • This continuous beam has several support openers perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat. Each beam is articulated to the adjacent beam.
  • the lateral beam 4 is joined to the central beam 3 by the articulation 71.
  • the lateral beam 5 is joined to the central beam 3 by the articulation 72.
  • the outer end of the lateral beam 4 is supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 41 with four wheels rolling on the track 61.
  • the outer end of the beam 5 is supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 53 with four wheels rolling on the track 64.
  • the coupled ends of the beams 4 and 3 are supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 31 with four wheels rolling on the track 62.
  • the coupled ends of the beams 3 and 5 are supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 33 with four wheels rolling on the track 63.
  • the installation is equipped, in whole or in part, with self-propelled carriages 31, 33, 41, 43, 51, 53.
  • Each self-propelled trolley such as the trolley 31, has at least four independent wheels.
  • Each wheel axis is independent of the axis of the coaxial wheel.
  • the wheel axles are guided in axle boxes fixed to the bogie chassis such as 315.
  • Two of the four wheels are driven.
  • Each of these drive wheels is coupled to a hydraulic motor.
  • the driving wheel 311 is coupled to the motor 316, the driving wheel 314 being coupled to the motor 317.
  • Each carriage has a driving wheel on each rail.
  • the two drive wheels are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the jack, which makes it easy to house the motors.
  • the carts instead of rolling on rails, could roll on non-railway tracks.
  • the installation could include two rows of beams associated with carriages traveling on at least three lanes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à une installation permettant de transporter horizontalement un bateau sur un sol ferme. Cette installation comporte d'une part des chariots (41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53) munis chacun d'un vérin hydraulique (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) et d'éléments de roulement (311, 312, 313, 314) et d'autre part des poutres-support (3, 4, 5) parallèles supportant le bateau 11 qui est disposé de manière que son axe longitudinal (13) soit perpendiculaire à ces poutres lesquelles s'appuient chacune sur les vérins de deux chariots roulant sur deux voies parallèles, les vérins (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) formant au moins trois groupes de vérins connectés hydrauliquement de manière que les résultantes de ces groupes soient localisées aux sommets d'un triangle, et elle est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte au moins trois voies parallèles sur lesquelles roulent les chariots supportant les poutres-support qui sont disposées de manière à former au moins deux files de poutres décalées perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal du bateau.The invention relates to an installation making it possible to transport a boat horizontally on firm ground. This installation comprises, on the one hand, carriages (41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53) each provided with a hydraulic cylinder (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) and rolling elements (311 , 312, 313, 314) and, on the other hand, parallel support beams (3, 4, 5) supporting the boat 11 which is arranged so that its longitudinal axis (13) is perpendicular to these beams which are each supported on the jacks of two carriages traveling on two parallel tracks, the jacks (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) forming at least three groups of jacks hydraulically connected so that the results of these groups are located at the tops of a triangle, and it is characterized in that it comprises at least three parallel tracks on which roll the carriages supporting the support beams which are arranged so as to form at least two rows of beams offset perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the boat.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à une installation permettant de transporter horizontalement un bateau sur un sol ferme, à sec. Une telle installation est intégrée dans une installation plus complexe permettant de transporter un bateau de l'eau jusqu'à un sol ferme et vice-versa.The present invention relates to an installation for horizontally transporting a boat on firm, dry ground. Such an installation is integrated into a more complex installation making it possible to transport a boat from water to firm ground and vice versa.

Certaines installations de mise à sec ou à l'eau de navires comprennent un élévateur destiné à hisser chaque navire de l'eau jusqu'au niveau du sol. Un tel élévateur comprend une plateforme soulevée par des treuils. Le bateau repose sur la plateforme pendant le transport de l'eau jusqu'au niveau du sol, c'est à dire jusqu'à la position où il émerge. Il faut ensuite déplacer horizontalement chaque bateau depuis l'élévateur jusqu'à une position de garage.Some ship dry or water installations include a lift to lift each ship from the water to ground level. Such an elevator includes a platform raised by winches. The boat rests on the platform during the transport of the water up to ground level, that is to say to the position where it emerges. Each boat must then be moved horizontally from the elevator to a garage position.

Le transport horizontal d'un navire s'effectue généralement au moyen de chariots à roues placés sous la quille de ce navire. Ce mode de transport manque de souplesse pour absorber les irrégularités du terrain et pour répartir la charge du navire. Par ailleurs ces chariots ne desservent qu'une seule direction ce qui limite le nombre de bateaux pouvant être garés sur une surface donnée.The horizontal transport of a ship is generally carried out by wheeled carts placed under the keel of this ship. This mode of transport lacks flexibility to absorb the irregularities of the ground and to distribute the load of the ship. Furthermore, these trolleys only serve one direction, which limits the number of boats that can be parked on a given surface.

Pour éviter cet inconvénient, on a étudié une installation de transport à chariots permettant de déplacer le bateau suivant une direction horizontale quelconque. Dans cette installation le bateau repose sur un ensemble de poutres disposées perpendiculairement à son axe longitudinal. Généralement le bateau repose sur chaque poutre par un tin central et des tins latéraux d'accorage. Chaque poutre repose à ses extrémités sur deux chariots roulant chacun sur une voie de deux rails. Les différents chariots sont rangés sur deux files et chaque tranche du bateau est supportée, par l'intermédiaire de la poutre et des chariots, sur quatre rails ce qui assure une bonne répartition des charges. Les poutres sont liées entre elles par des traverses. L'appui de chaque poutre sur chaque chariot s'effectue par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin hydraulique. Ce vérin hydraulique est à double effet.To avoid this drawback, we have studied a trolley transport system allowing the boat to be moved in any horizontal direction. In this installation, the boat rests on a set of beams arranged perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. Generally the boat rests on each beam by a central tin and lateral docking tins. Each beam rests at its ends on two carriages each rolling on a track of two rails. The different carriages are stored in two rows and each section of the boat is supported, via the beam and the carriages, on four rails which ensures a good distribution of loads. The beams are linked together by crosspieces. The support of each beam on each carriage is effected by means of a hydraulic cylinder. This hydraulic cylinder is double acting.

Les vérins permettent, lorsque les poutres sont appuyées sur le sol, de soulever les chariots au-dessus des rails et ainsi de les faire pivoter d'une voie à une autre voie. Des changements de direction peuvent donc être réalisés. Les vérins permettent surtout de supporter élastiquement et isostatiquement le bateau par rapport au sol. Les vérins supportant les poutres sont répartis en trois groupes. Tous les vérins d'un même groupe sont connectés entre eux de manière que les réactions de ces vérins soient égales. Un premier groupe comprend les vérins associés à une fraction des chariots de la file de chariots roulant sur l'une des voies. Le second groupe comprend les vérins associés à une fraction des chariots de la file de chariots roulant sur l'autre voie. Le troisième groupe regroupe les vérins associés aux chariots situés à une extrémité de chaque file et roulant sur les deux voies parallèles. Chaque groupe de vérins équivaut à un supportage fictif au centre de la figure géométrique qu'ils définissent. Les trois résultantes dues aux trois groupes de vérins sont localisées aux sommets d'un triangle isocèle dont la hauteur principale est parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du bateau.The jacks allow, when the beams are supported on the ground, to lift the carriages above the rails and thus to rotate them from one track to another track. Changes of direction can therefore be made. The cylinders above all allow the boat to be elastically and isostatically supported from the ground. The cylinders supporting the beams are divided into three groups. All the cylinders in the same group are connected together so that the reactions of these cylinders are equal. A first group comprises the jacks associated with a fraction of the carriages of the line of carriages rolling on one of the tracks. The second group includes the cylinders associated with a fraction of the carriages in the line of carriages traveling on the other track. The third group includes the cylinders associated with the carriages located at one end of each line and rolling on the two parallel tracks. Each group of cylinders is equivalent to a fictitious support at the center of the geometric figure that they define. The three resulting from the three groups of cylinders are located at the vertices of an isosceles triangle whose main height is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat.

Sur certaines installations, les tins latéraux d'accorage appuient sur les poutres par l'intermédiaire de vérins. Ces vérins permettent de règler les tins d'accorage en hauteur en fonction du bateau supporté. L'équilibrage des chariots entre les différents tins est malgré tout imparfait. L'accorage doit âtre réalisé par tâtonnements et nécessite des interventions manuelles. Outre cet inconvénient concernant l'accorage, ces installations connues ne permettent pas de supporter des navires de forts tonnages et de grandes largeurs.On certain installations, the lateral anchoring pins press on the beams by means of jacks. These jacks make it possible to adjust the docking tins in height according to the supported boat. The balance of the carriages between the different tins is still imperfect. The docking must be done by trial and error and requires manual intervention. In addition to this drawback concerning docking, these known installations do not allow vessels of large tonnages and large widths to be supported.

La présente invention a pour objet une installation destinée à assurer le transport d'un navire de fort tonnage en le supportant isos- tatiquement. Elle permet de supporter isostatiquement chaque tranche du navire en assurant un équilibrage des efforts sur les différents tins situés sous cette tranche. Les tins latéraux assurant la stabilité du navire, à la mise à l'eau ou à la sortie de l'eau ou pendant les déplacements, sont maintenus en contact permanent contre la coque du navire. L'accorage ou l'affinage est réalisé automatiquement.The subject of the present invention is an installation intended to transport a large tonnage vessel by supporting it isostatically. It makes it possible to support isostatically each section of the ship while ensuring a balancing of the forces on the different tins located under this section. The lateral tins ensuring the stability of the vessel, when launching or leaving the water or during movement, are kept in permanent contact against the hull of the vessel. The racking or refining is performed automatically.

Conformément à l'invention, cette installation comporte d'une part des chariots munis chacun d'un vérin hydraulique et d'éléments de roulement et d'autre part des poutresesupport parallèles supportant le bateau qui est disposé de manière que son axe longitudinal soit perpendiculaire à ces poutres lesquelles s'appuient sur les vérins de deux chariots roulant sur deux voies parallèles, les vérins formant trois groupes de vérins connectés hydrauliquement de manière que les résultantes de ces groupes soient localisées aux sommets d'un triangle, et elle est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte au moins trois voies parallèles sur lesquelles roulent les chariots supportant les poutres-support qui sont disposées de manière à former au moins deux files de poutres décalées perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal du bateau.According to the invention, this installation comprises of part of the carriages each provided with a hydraulic cylinder and rolling elements and on the other hand parallel support beams supporting the boat which is arranged so that its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to these beams which are supported on the cylinders of two carriages rolling on two parallel tracks, the jacks forming three groups of jacks hydraulically connected so that the results of these groups are located at the vertices of a triangle, and it is characterized in that it comprises at least three parallel tracks on which roll the carriages supporting the support beams which are arranged so as to form at least two rows of beams offset perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention les poutres sont disposées selon au moins trois files.According to a characteristic of the invention, the beams are arranged in at least three rows.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'un au moins des groupes de vérins connectés hydrauliquement comprend des vérins supportant des poutres-support de la file centrale et des vérins supportant des poutres-support d'une file latérale.According to another characteristic of the invention, at least one of the groups of hydraulically connected jacks comprises jacks supporting beams supporting the central file and jacks supporting beams supporting a lateral file.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite avec plus de détails en se référant à des modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemples et représentés par les dessins annexés.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments given by way of examples and represented by the accompanying drawings.

  • La figure 1 représente une vue, perpendiculaire à l'axe du bateau, montrant les poutres et les chariots supportant le bateau.FIG. 1 represents a view, perpendicular to the axis of the boat, showing the beams and the carriages supporting the boat.
  • La figure 2 est une vue de dessus de la figure 1.Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une variante de la figure 1 montrant un type particulier d'appui des tins d'accorage sur les poutres.Figure 3 is a variant of Figure 1 showing a particular type of support of the docking pins on the beams.
  • La figure 4 est une variante de la figure 1.FIG. 4 is a variant of FIG. 1.
  • La figure 5 représente, en élévation, une poutre-support particulière pouvant être utilisée dans l'installation.Figure 5 shows, in elevation, a particular support beam that can be used in the installation.
  • La figure 6 montre, en vue de dessus, une disposition des poutres supportant le bateau.Figure 6 shows, in top view, an arrangement of the beams supporting the boat.
  • La figure 7 montre, en vue de dessus, une seconde disposition des poutres supportant le bateau.Figure 7 shows, in top view, a second arrangement of the beams supporting the boat.
  • La figure 8 montre, en vue de dessus, une troisième disposition des poutres supportant le bateau.Figure 8 shows, in top view, a third arrangement of the beams supporting the boat.

L'installation représentée sur les figures 1 à 8 sert à supporter et à transporter horizontalement un bateau 11 sur un sol ferme 12. Le bateau 11 est déplacé par l'intermédiaire de chariots 41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53 qui roulent sur quatre voies parallèles 61 à 64 (figures 1 à 3) ou sur six voies 61 à 66 (fjgure 4). Le bateau 11 s'appuie sur les chariots par l'intermédiaire de poutres-support 3, 4 et 5 qui sont rangées parallèlement. Chaque poutre repose à ses extrémités sur deux chariots. Le bateau est disposé de manière que son axe longitudinal 13 soit perpendiculaire aux axes longitudinaux des poutres passant par les points d'appui sur les chariots. Les poutres-support forment au moins trois files, les chariots associés roulant sur au moins quatre voies. Les extrémités des poutres de chaque file sont algnées parallèlement à l'axe 13. Les poutres 3 forment la file centrale. Les poutres 4 et 5 forment les files latérales. De préférence les poutres centrales 3 ont leurs extrémités symétriques par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du bateau.The installation shown in Figures 1 to 8 is used to support and transport horizontally a boat 11 on firm ground 12. The boat 11 is moved by means of carriages 41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53 which roll on four parallel tracks 61 to 64 (Figures 1 to 3) or on six tracks 61 to 66 (fjgure 4). The boat 11 is supported on the carriages by means of support beams 3, 4 and 5 which are stored in parallel. Each beam rests at its ends on two carriages. The boat is arranged so that its longitudinal axis 13 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the beams passing through the support points on the carriages. The support beams form at least three rows, the associated carriages rolling on at least four tracks. The ends of the beams of each line are aligned parallel to the axis 13. The beams 3 form the central file. Beams 4 and 5 form the lateral rows. Preferably the central beams 3 have their ends symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boat.

Le bateau s'appuie sur les poutres centrales 3-par l'intermédiaire de tins centraux 21. Il s'appuie sur les poutres latérales 4 et 5 par des tins d'accorage 22 et 23 respectivement. Les poutres-support sont réunies par des tirants parallèles à l'axe du bateau et qui ne sont pas représentés. Les poutres centrales 3 sont supportées par les chariots 31 et 33. Les poutres latérales d'accorage 4 sont supportées par les chariots 41 et 43. Les poutres latérales d'accorage 5 sont supportées par les chariots 51 et 53. Chaque poutre-support peut reposer sur le sol ou sur une plateforme d'élévateur, les chariots étant enlevés.The boat is supported on the central beams 3 - by means of central tins 21. It is supported on the lateral beams 4 and 5 by anchoring tins 22 and 23 respectively. The support beams are joined by tie rods parallel to the axis of the boat and which are not shown. The central beams 3 are supported by the carriages 31 and 33. The lateral storage beams 4 are supported by the carriages 41 and 43. The lateral storage beams 5 are supported by the carriages 51 and 53. Each support beam can rest on the ground or on a lifting platform with the carriages removed.

Les chariots associés aux poutres 3 de la file centrale roulent sur les voies centrales 62 et 63. Deux voies latérales au moins sont disposées parallèlement et de part et d'autre des voies centrales. Les chariots 41 roulent sur une voie latérale extérieure 61, les chariots 53 roulant sur une voie latérale extérieure 64. Chacune des voies comprend deux rails. Dans l'installation représentée sur les figures 1 et 2, les chariots 43 et 51 roulent respectivement sur les voies centrales 62 et 63. Dans l'installation de la figure 4, les chariots 43 et 51 roulent respectivement sur des voies latérales 65 et 66.The carriages associated with the beams 3 of the central file roll on the central tracks 62 and 63. At least two lateral tracks are arranged in parallel and on either side of the central tracks. The carriages 41 run on an outer lateral track 61, the carriages 53 run on an outer lateral track 64. Each of the tracks comprises two rails. In the installation shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the carriages 43 and 51 roll respectively on the central tracks 62 and 63. In the installation of FIG. 4, the carriages 43 and 51 roll respectively on lateral tracks 65 and 66 .

Les poutres-support sont disposées de manière à former trois files de poutres décalées, perpendiculairement à l'axe 13, du fait que les poutres 4 et 5 des files latérales sont associées à des chariots roulant sur des voies écartées des voies sur lesquelles roulent les chariots associés aux poutres 3 de la file centrale. Les milieux des poutres 3, c'est à dire les points situés chacun à égales distances des points d'appui d'une poutre sur les chariots, sont alignés sur une ligne fictive située entre une ligne fictive passant par des milieux des poutres 4 d'une file latérale et une ligne fictive passant par les milieux des poutres 5 de l'autre file latérale. Les extrémités des poutres centrales et des poutres latérales sont écartées, perpendiculairement à l'axe 13, les unes par rapport aux autres.The support beams are arranged so as to form three rows of offset beams, perpendicular to the axis 13, owing to the fact that the beams 4 and 5 of the lateral rows are associated with carriages traveling on tracks separated from the tracks on which the carriages associated with beams 3 of the central file. The midpoints of the beams 3, that is to say the points each located at equal distances from the support points of a beam on the carriages, are aligned on a fictitious line situated between a fictitious line passing through the midpoints of the beams 4 d '' a lateral line and a fictitious line passing through the circles of beams 5 of the other lateral file. The ends of the central beams and the lateral beams are spaced, perpendicular to the axis 13, with respect to each other.

Chaque chariot comprend quatre roues roulant par paires sur les deux rails. Ainsi le chariot 31 comprend quatre roues 311, 312, 313, 314 qui sont guidées dans des paliers du châssis de bogie 315. Les poutres-support sont parallèles ou perpendiculaires aux rails.Each carriage comprises four wheels rolling in pairs on the two rails. Thus the carriage 31 comprises four wheels 311, 312, 313, 314 which are guided in bearings of the bogie frame 315. The support beams are parallel or perpendicular to the rails.

Chaque chariot Comporte un vérin hydraulique. Chaque poutre-support s'appuie à ses extrémités sur deux vérins montés sur chariots. Ainsi chaque poutre 3 s'appuie sur les vérins 32 et 34 montés respectivement sur les chariots 31 et 33. Chaque poutre 4 s'appuie sur les vérins 42 et 44 montés respectivement sur les chariots 41 et 43. Chaque poutre 5 s'appuie sur les vérins 52 et 54 montés respectivement sur les chariots 51 et 53.Each cart has a hydraulic cylinder. Each support beam is supported at its ends on two jacks mounted on carriages. Thus each beam 3 is supported on the jacks 32 and 34 mounted respectively on the carriages 31 and 33. Each beam 4 is supported on the jacks 42 and 44 mounted respectively on the carriages 41 and 43. Each beam 5 is supported on the jacks 52 and 54 mounted respectively on the carriages 51 and 53.

Les vérins 32 et 34, 42 et 44, 52 et 54 forment trois groupes. Dans chaque groupe, les chambres inférieures des vérins sont connectées. La pression hydrostatique étant la même en tout point du circuit hydraulique de chaque groupe, tous les efforts développés par les vérinsde ce groupe sont égaux. Ainsi sur les figures 6 à 8, les traits interrompus, référencés I, II, III, délimitent les vérins appartenant aux trois groupes. Chaque groupe de vérins équivaut statiquement à un supportage ponctuel fictif dont la résultante, repérée R1, R2, ou R3, est égale à la somme des réactions -égales- des vérins de ce groupe. Les résultantes des trois groupes de vérins sont localisées aux sommets d'un triangle isocèle dont la hauteur principale est parallèle à l'axe longitudinal 13 du bateau. Les deux groupes I et II donnent deux résultantes qui sont symétriques et décalées par rapport à l'axe longitudinal 13 du bateau. Le troisième groupe III donne une résultante passant approximativement par l'axe 13 du bateau. On peut tendre à égaliser les charges sur tous les vérins c'est à dire entre les vérins appartenant à des groupes différents. A cet effet le centre de gravité-du navire doit se situer au barycentre des trois points fictifs de supportage, pondérés du nombre de vérins constituant chacun de ces points.The cylinders 32 and 34, 42 and 44, 52 and 54 form three groups. In each group, the lower chambers of the cylinders are connected. The hydrostatic pressure being the same at every point of the hydraulic circuit of each group, all the forces developed by the cylinders of this group are equal. Thus in Figures 6 to 8, the broken lines, referenced I, II, III, delimit the cylinders belonging to the three groups. Each group of cylinders is statically equivalent to a fictitious punctual support whose result, identified R1, R2, or R3, is equal to the sum of the -equal- reactions of the cylinders of this group. The results of the three groups of jacks are located at the vertices of an isosceles triangle whose main height is parallel to the longitudinal axis 13 of the boat. The two groups I and II give two results which are symmetrical and offset with respect to the longitudinal axis 13 of the boat. The third group III gives a result passing approximately by the axis 13 of the boat. We can tend to equalize the loads on all the cylinders, that is to say between the cylinders belonging to different groups. For this purpose the center of gravity of the ship must be located at the barycenter of the three fictitious support points, weighted by the number of jacks constituting each of these points.

Chacun des groupes de vérins dont la résultante est décalée comprend des vérins supportant des poutres-support centrales et des vérins supportant des poutres latérales. Ainsi, dans le groupe I, des vérins supportant des poutres centrales 3 sont connectés à des vérins supportant des poutres latérales 4. Dans le groupe II, des vérins supportant des poutres centrales 3 sont connectés à des vérins supportant des poutres latérales 5. Certaines poutres centrales reposent sur un vérin connecté aux autres vérins de l'un des groupes I ou II, l'autre vérin associé à chacune de ces poutres étant connecté aux vérins de l'autre groupe. Les deux vérins de support de certaines poutres centrales font partie du groupe III dont la résultante est sur l'axe du bateau. Les deux vérins de support de chaque poutre latérale font partie généralement d'un même groupe. Ainsi le poids du bateau est transmis par les cales 21 sur les poutres-support 3 et les vérins 32 et 34 sont soumis à des efforts. Si les cales d'accorage 22 n'étaient pas appliquées contre la coque du bateau, l'interconnexion des vérins du groupe I tendrait à faire sortir les pistons des vérins 42 et 44. De même si les cales d'accorage 23 n'étaient pas appliquées contre la coque, l'interconnexion des vérins du groupe II tendrait à faire sortir les pistons des vérins 52 et 54.Each of the groups of jacks whose resultant is offset comprises jacks supporting central support beams and jacks supporting lateral beams. Thus, in group I, jacks supporting central beams 3 are connected to jacks supporting lateral beams 4. In group II, jacks supporting beams central 3 are connected to jacks supporting lateral beams 5. Some central beams rest on a jack connected to the other jacks of one of groups I or II, the other jack associated with each of these beams being connected to the jacks of the other group. The two support cylinders of certain central beams are part of group III, the result of which is on the axis of the boat. The two support cylinders of each lateral beam are generally part of the same group. Thus the weight of the boat is transmitted by the wedges 21 on the support beams 3 and the jacks 32 and 34 are subjected to forces. If the shims 22 were not applied against the hull of the boat, the interconnection of the jacks of group I would tend to cause the pistons of the jacks 42 and 44 to come out. Likewise if the shims 23 were not not applied against the hull, the interconnection of group II cylinders would tend to cause the pistons of cylinders 52 and 54 to come out.

Les figures 6 à 8 représentent diverses dispositions des poutres-support. ' J Figures 6 to 8 show various arrangements of the support beams. ' J

L'installation représentée sur la figure 6 comporte un nombre plus élevé de poutres-support centrales que de poutres-support latérales. Elle convient à un bateau à quille centrale.The installation shown in Figure 6 has a higher number of central support beams than lateral support beams. It is suitable for a center keel boat.

L'installation représentée sur la figure 7 comprend des poutres centrales et des poutres latérales plus nombreuses que dans la disposition de la figure 6.The installation shown in FIG. 7 includes more central beams and lateral beams than in the arrangement in FIG. 6.

L'installation représentée sur la figure 8 comporte, dans le groupe III, des vérins supportant des poutres centrales 3-et des poutres latérales 4 et 5.The installation shown in FIG. 8 comprises, in group III, jacks supporting central beams 3 and lateral beams 4 and 5.

Les installations des figures 6, 7 et 8 assurent l'accorage automatique entre des tins centraux et des tins latéraux. La figure 3 montre une variante dans--laquelle les poutres-support latérales 4 et 5 sont équipées respectivement de vérins 45 et 55 servant à déplacer verticalement les tins d'accorage 22 et 23 lorsque la coque du bateau est courbe. L'équilibrage des efforts entre les différents vérins s'effectue comme précédemment et l'accorage est encore réalisé automatiquement.The installations of FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 ensure automatic docking between central tins and lateral tins. FIG. 3 shows a variant in which the lateral support beams 4 and 5 are respectively equipped with jacks 45 and 55 serving to vertically displace the docking tins 22 and 23 when the hull of the boat is curved. The balancing of the forces between the different cylinders is carried out as previously and the docking is still carried out automatically.

La figure 5 représente une poutre-support continue pouvant être utilisée dans l'installation. Cette poutre continue comporte plusieurs oou- tres-support perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal du bateau. Chaque poutre est articulée à la poutre adjacente. La poutre latérale 4 est réunie à la poutre centrale 3 par l'articulation 71. La poutre latérale 5 est réunie à la poutre centrale 3 par l'articulation 72. L'extrémité extérieure de la poutre latérale 4 s'appuie, par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin, sur un chariot 41 à quatre roues roulant sur la voie 61. L'extrémité extérieure de la poutre 5 s'appuie, par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin, sur un chariot 53 à quatre roues roulant sur la voie 64. Les extrémités accouplées des poutres 4 et 3 s'appuient, par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin, sur un chariot 31 à quatre roues roulant sur la voie 62. Les extrémités accouplées des poutres 3 et 5 s'appuient, par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin, sur un chariot 33 à quatre roues roulant sur la voie 63.Figure 5 shows a continuous support beam that can be used in the installation. This continuous beam has several support openers perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat. Each beam is articulated to the adjacent beam. The lateral beam 4 is joined to the central beam 3 by the articulation 71. The lateral beam 5 is joined to the central beam 3 by the articulation 72. The outer end of the lateral beam 4 is supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 41 with four wheels rolling on the track 61. The outer end of the beam 5 is supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 53 with four wheels rolling on the track 64. The coupled ends of the beams 4 and 3 are supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 31 with four wheels rolling on the track 62. The coupled ends of the beams 3 and 5 are supported, by means of a jack, on a carriage 33 with four wheels rolling on the track 63.

L'installation est équipée, en totalité ou en partie, de chariots automoteurs 31, 33, 41, 43, 51, 53. Chaque chariot automoteur, tel que le chariot 31, a au moins quatre roues indépendantes. Chaque axe de roue est indépendant de l'axe de la roue coaxiale. Les axes des roues sont guidés dans des boites d'essieu fixées au châssis de bogie tel que 315. Deux des quatre roues sont motrices. Chacune de ces roues motrices est accouplée à un moteur hydraulique. Ainsi la roue motrice 311 est accouplée au moteur 316, la roue motrice 314 étant accouplée au moteur 317. Chaque chariot a une roue motrice sur chaque rail. Les deux roues motrices sont symétriques par rapport à l'axe du vérin ce qui permet de loger facilement les moteurs.The installation is equipped, in whole or in part, with self-propelled carriages 31, 33, 41, 43, 51, 53. Each self-propelled trolley, such as the trolley 31, has at least four independent wheels. Each wheel axis is independent of the axis of the coaxial wheel. The wheel axles are guided in axle boxes fixed to the bogie chassis such as 315. Two of the four wheels are driven. Each of these drive wheels is coupled to a hydraulic motor. Thus the driving wheel 311 is coupled to the motor 316, the driving wheel 314 being coupled to the motor 317. Each carriage has a driving wheel on each rail. The two drive wheels are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the jack, which makes it easy to house the motors.

Il est bien entendu que l'on peut, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, imaginer des variantes et perfectionnements de détails et de même envisager l'emploide moyens équivalents.It is understood that one can, without departing from the scope of the invention, imagine variants and improvements of details and even consider the use equivalent means.

Les chariots, au lieu de rouler sur des rails, pourraient rouler sur des voies non ferroviaires. L'installation pourrait comporter deux files de poutres associées à des chariots roulant sur au moins trois voies.The carts, instead of rolling on rails, could roll on non-railway tracks. The installation could include two rows of beams associated with carriages traveling on at least three lanes.

Claims (6)

1.- Installation de transport de bateau comportant d'une part des chariots (41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53), munis chacun d'un vérin hydraulique (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) et d'éléments de roulement (311, 312, 313, 314) et d'autre part des poutres-support(3, 4, 5) parallèles supportant le bateau 11 disposé de manière que son axe longitudinal (13) soit perpendiculaire à ces poutres lesquelles s'appuient chacune sur les vérins de deux chariots roulant sur deux voies parallèles, les vérins (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) formant au moins trois groupes de vérins connectés hydrauliquement de manière que les résultantes de ces groupes soient localisées aux sommets d'un triangle, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte au moins trois voies (61, 62, 63, 64) parallèles sur lesquelles roulent les chariots (41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53) supportant les poutres-support (3, 4, 5) qui sont disposées de manière à former au moins deux files de poutres décalées perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal 13 du bateau.1.- Boat transport installation comprising, on the one hand, carriages (41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53), each provided with a hydraulic cylinder (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) and rolling elements (311, 312, 313, 314) and on the other hand parallel support beams (3, 4, 5) supporting the boat 11 arranged so that its longitudinal axis (13) is perpendicular to these beams which are each supported on the jacks of two carriages rolling on two parallel tracks, the jacks (42, 44, 32, 34, 52, 54) forming at least three groups of jacks hydraulically connected so that the results of these groups are located at the vertices of a triangle, characterized in that it comprises at least three parallel tracks (61, 62, 63, 64) on which the carriages (41, 43, 31, 33, 51, 53) which support the support beams (3, 4, 5) which are arranged so as to form at least two rows of beams offset perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 13 of the boat. 2.- Installation de transport de bateau selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que les poutres-support sont disposées selon au moins trois files.2. A boat transport installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the support beams are arranged in at least three rows. 3.- Installation de transport de bateau selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que l'un au moins des groupes de vérins connectés hydrauliquement comprend des vérins (32,34) supportant des poutres-support (3) de la file centrale et des vérins (42, 44, 52, 54) supportant des poutres-support (4-5) d'une file latérale.3.- boat transport installation according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one of the groups of jacks hydraulically connected comprises jacks (32,34) supporting support beams (3) of the central file and jacks (42, 44, 52, 54) supporting support beams (4-5) in a lateral file. 4.- Installation de transport de bateau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que des poutres-support (4,5) d'une file latérale s'appuient sur des chariots (43,51) roulant sur une voie (62,63) sur laquelle roulent des chariots (32, 33) supportant les poutres-support (3) de la file centrale.4.- boat transport installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support beams (4,5) of a lateral file are supported on carriages (43,51) rolling on a track (62,63) on which carriages (32, 33) run supporting the support beams (3) of the central file. 5.- Installation de transport selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte des vérins (45, 55) servant à appuyer le bateau sur les poutres-support latérales (4, 5).5. Transport installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises jacks (45, 55) used to support the boat on the lateral support beams (4, 5). 6.- Installation de transport selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que l'une au moins des poutres-support centrales (3) est articulée à ses extrémités (71,72) à deux poutres-support latérales (3,4).6. Transport installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the central support beams (3) is articulated at its ends (71,72) with two lateral support beams ( 3,4).
EP79400254A 1978-05-31 1979-04-20 Ship transporting device Expired EP0006038B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7816175 1978-05-31
FR7816175A FR2427246A1 (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 BOAT TRANSPORTATION

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EP0006038A1 true EP0006038A1 (en) 1979-12-12
EP0006038B1 EP0006038B1 (en) 1982-03-24

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KR100623201B1 (en) * 2004-12-13 2006-09-14 Stx조선주식회사 A Method for Shipbuilding on the ground and Launching Ships Using a Skid Launching System
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DE2962324D1 (en) 1982-04-29
US4243344A (en) 1981-01-06
FR2427246A1 (en) 1979-12-28
EP0006038B1 (en) 1982-03-24
FR2427246B1 (en) 1980-09-19

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