EP0004215B1 - Mehrmode Mikrowellenstrahler und Monopulsantenne mit einem solchen Strahler - Google Patents

Mehrmode Mikrowellenstrahler und Monopulsantenne mit einem solchen Strahler Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0004215B1
EP0004215B1 EP79400100A EP79400100A EP0004215B1 EP 0004215 B1 EP0004215 B1 EP 0004215B1 EP 79400100 A EP79400100 A EP 79400100A EP 79400100 A EP79400100 A EP 79400100A EP 0004215 B1 EP0004215 B1 EP 0004215B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
horn
plane
source
mode
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79400100A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0004215A1 (de
Inventor
François Salvat
Jean Bouko
Claude Coquio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0004215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0004215A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0004215B1 publication Critical patent/EP0004215B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/04—Multimode antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H01Q19/08—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for modifying the radiation pattern of a radiating horn in which it is located

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multimode microwave source for single-pulse antennas in which several radiation patterns are implemented simultaneously; the shapes of these diagrams are directly involved in the overall performance of the radar system using such antennas.
  • the source of this Figure 1 is made up of two plane moders E ME1 and ME2 placed side by side and separated by a common vertical partition. Each of these moders is excited by two pairs of guides 1, 10 and 2, 20 which receive the fundamental mode, and which each lead into a guide 3, 30 of length L1 between the planes PO and P1.
  • the plane PO is what is called a discontinuity plane at the level of which higher, propagative or evanescent modes are formed, the length L1 and the dimensions of the guides 3, 30 being such that only the desired modes, in this case by example, the odd modes H11 and E11 and the even modes H12 and E12, propagate until the opening of the moder E thus constituted, that is to say the plane P1, the fundamental mode of excitation being the mode H10.
  • the set between the planes P1 and P3 constitutes superimposed plane H planes, the plane P2 being the plane of discontinuity where the higher modes are formed.
  • the opening of the source, which is in the plane P3, radiates according to a global law of illumination produces partial laws of illumination obtained in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane.
  • Such a source has drawbacks in the use which must be made of it as the primary source of a multimode antenna for which an increase in performance is requested, mainly in bandwidth. Indeed, it has a weight and longitudinal dimensions in particular, too large. Excessive longitudinal dimensions may, when the location of its installation is already planned, require a displacement of the antenna reflector in a direction such that the inertia of the assembly tends to increase, which has a detrimental effect on the servo mechanisms in particular.
  • An object of the present invention is to produce a multimode source of reduced length and of lightened structure, which removes these constraints and makes it possible to produce a monopulse antenna with the desired performance.
  • This reduction in size, combined with a reduced weight, is particularly advantageous for the construction of Cassegrain type antennas mounted on turrets where increased inertia problems arise due to the limitation of the space available between the reflector and the site axis.
  • a multimode microwave source for a monopulse antenna according to the invention is characterized by the means set out in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • a multimode source according to the invention mainly comprises a waveguide 12 forming a cavity extending by a horn 13 whose mouth 16 constitutes the opening radiating from the source.
  • a certain number of feeding guides four in this case 9, 90, 10, 100 excite the fundamental mode H10.
  • the total length of this source is equal to L and the dimensions of its rectangular opening are a for its large dimension and b for its small dimension, here vertical.
  • the guides 9 and -10 are adjacent to each other by a common vertical wall 11. They are arranged in an upper horizontal plane, while the guides 90 and 100 adjacent by a vertical wall 110, are arranged in a plane lower horizontal.
  • the guides constitute the feed for a plane moder H.
  • These guides can be grouped two by two vertically constituting excitation guides 9, 90 and 10, 100 of two plane moders E.
  • the feed guides open into the cavity 12, in a plane ⁇ 1, which is a discontinuity plane at the level of which higher modes of the excitation mode transmitted by the guides are formed, excitation mode which is generally the fundamental mode .
  • the length L of the source according to the invention is chosen so that the phasing of the modes H10 and EH12 takes place on the opening 16 for the central frequency.
  • the EH12 mode conveniently represents the E12 and H12 modes created in the plane of discontinuity ⁇ 1, from the fundamental H10 excitation mode. These modes E12 and H12 have the same cut-off frequency and the same phase speed and their superposition can be considered as a single mode.
  • the field on the opening 16 in the sum track is of the form: and on the way to difference:
  • T ' i and T' 3 represent respectively the amplitudes relative to the modes H10 and EH12, y is a coordinate value along the dimension b.
  • FIG. 4 shows the structure of the moderator according to the invention in the plane E
  • FIG. 5 the law of illumination obtained in the opening 16 in the plane E.
  • the resulting amplitude of field 19 is the sum of the amplitude of the EH12 mode, curve 17, representing the function cos 2 ⁇ (y / b) and the amplitude of the fundamental mode H10, curve 18.
  • FIG. 6 represents the moderator which constitutes the source in the plane H perpendicular to the plane E with represented in particular all the supply guides 9 and 10, adjacent to each other by the wall 11, located in a horizontal plane which has been called superior.
  • T1 and T3 respectively represent the amplitudes relating to the fundamental mode H10 and to the mode-H30 generated in the mouth of the horn 13 by the bars 14 and 15, and x is the coordinate along the dimension a.
  • the H30 mode is already generated in the discontinuity plane ⁇ 2 at the junction of the straight guide 12 and the horn 13, but it is then evanescent. It becomes propagative in the cornet, beyond a plane marked by ⁇ 3, but with a very low level.
  • the mode ratio a is modified and therefore the law of illumination in the opening.
  • the bars In making the moderator, the bars must have a relatively small diameter, less than one tenth of the wavelength. As for the location of the bars, we can admit that we have:
  • the bars can be replaced by metal strips without modifying the results. If their width is close to ⁇ / 4, their presence does not mismatch the horn. In any case, in order to avoid a mismatching of the horn due to the presence of the bars, provision is made in this case for a second pair of bars 140-150 identical to the first but located ⁇ / 4 behind in the mouth of the horn.
  • FIG. 7 shows the illumination on the opening in the absence of the bars or lamellae while FIG. 8 shows this illumination when the bars or lamellae are present.
  • Curve 20 gives the resulting amplitude of the field in the opening of the moderator in the plane H.
  • plane H which represents a footprint in length less than that of the source represented in FIG. 1 constituted by a plane moder E, a transition and a plane moder H.
  • the footprint in length is found thus reduced by approximately 2.5 to 3 times.
  • the bandwidth is greater than that obtained with a conventional multimode source.
  • the bandwidth obtained is around 15% against 7% roughly. This is due to the fact that the upper mode is generated in the very opening of the moder, the phasing being constant whatever the frequency.
  • the flared shape of the horn in plane H gives a quadratic phase to the law of illumination resulting in a primary diagram having a constant opening in the band of frequencies to be covered.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Multimode-Mikrowellenquelle für Monopuls-Antenne, mit einem Mikrowellenenergie-Eingang, der aus zwei Paaren von Wellen leitern (9, 10 ; 90, 100) gebildet ist, die mit ihrem Grundmode H10 gespeist werden, wobei die zwei Wellenleiter eines Paares Seite an Seite in Bezug auf eine Referenzebene angeordnet sind, welche als waagerechte Ebene bezeichnet wird, und die zwei Paare übereinander angeordnet sind, wobei diese vier Wellenleiter an einer Mikrowellenstruktur (12) münden, die mit ihnen einen E-Modenwandler bildet, d. h. die Kombination HE12 der höheren Schwingungstypen E12 und H12 erzeugt und weiterleitet, wobei ferner die genannte Quelle durch Mittel zur Erzeugung des höheren H-Schwingungstyps H30 sowie durch ein Horn (13) vervollständigt ist, welches sich in der H-Ebene erweitert, wobei die Längen der verschiedenen die Quelle bildenden Elemente derart eingestellt sind, daß am Ausgang der Quelle die Phasenbeziehungen zwischen den verschiedenen dort erzeugten Moden derart sind, daß die Moden H10 und E12 einerseits sowie die Moden Hio und H30 andererseits in der Öffnungsebene des Hornes in Phase sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mikrowellenstruktur (12) ein Wellenleiter ist, welcher sich zum Horn (13) hin öffnet, und daß die Mittel zur Erzeugung des Schwingungstyps H30 durch wenigstens zwei senkrechte Hindernisse (14,15 ; 141, 151) gebildet sind, die in diesem Horn (13) parallel zu dem elektrischen Feld E symmetrisch zur senkrechten Achse (V) und in einer Entfernung von den Außenrändern des Hornes (13) angeordnet sind, die gleich einem Sechstel der Entfernung (a) zwischen diesen Rändern oder kleiner als diese Entfernung ist, wobei diese Hindernisse die von dem E-Modenwandler (12) ausgehenden Felder empfangen und in dem Horn (13) einen sich ausbreitenden höheren Schwingungstyp H30 erzeugen.
2. Multimode-Mikrowellenquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die senkrechten Hindernisse zwei zylindrische Stäbe (14, 15) in der Nähe der Öffnungsebene des Hornes umfassen und daß sie vervollständigt sind durch zwei weitere Stäbe (140, 150), die in dem Horn hinter den ersten Stäben (14 und 15) in einer Entfernung von diesen angeordnet sind, welche nahe bei einem Viertel der Wellenlänge der Mikrowellenenergie liegt, wobei diese zweiten Stäbe (140, 150) eine Fehlanpassung des Hornes aufgrund des Vorhandenseins der ersten Stäbe verhindern.
3. Multimode-Mikrowellenquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die senkrechten Hindernisse durch zwei metallische Lamellen (141, 151, Figur 3) gebildet sind, wobei jede dieser Lamellen einen Rand aufweist, welcher in der Nähe der Öffnung des Horns (13) in einer Entfernung vom entsprechenden Rand des Hornes liegt, die kleiner als ein Sechstel der Entfernung (a) zwischen den Rändern dieser Öffnung ist, wobei die Breite dieser Lamellen (141, 151) in der Größenordnung eines Viertels der Wellenlänge der Mikrowellenenergie liegt, so daß einerseits diese Lamellen bei der Erzeugung des sich in dem Horn ausbreitenden höheren Schwingungstyps H30 mitwirken und daß sie andererseits keine Fehlanpassung des Hornes (13) verursachen.
EP79400100A 1978-02-24 1979-02-16 Mehrmode Mikrowellenstrahler und Monopulsantenne mit einem solchen Strahler Expired EP0004215B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7805337 1978-02-24
FR7805337A FR2418551A1 (fr) 1978-02-24 1978-02-24 Source hyperfrequence multimode et antenne comportant une telle source

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0004215A1 EP0004215A1 (de) 1979-09-19
EP0004215B1 true EP0004215B1 (de) 1986-05-28

Family

ID=9205012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400100A Expired EP0004215B1 (de) 1978-02-24 1979-02-16 Mehrmode Mikrowellenstrahler und Monopulsantenne mit einem solchen Strahler

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4241353A (de)
EP (1) EP0004215B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2967598D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2418551A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2477785A1 (fr) * 1980-03-07 1981-09-11 Thomson Csf Source hyperfrequence multimode et antenne comportant une telle source
FR2498820A1 (fr) * 1981-01-23 1982-07-30 Thomson Csf Source hyperfrequence bi-bande et antenne comportant une telle source
DE3381303D1 (de) * 1983-06-18 1990-04-12 Ant Nachrichtentech Viertornetzwerk fuer mikrowellenantennen mit monopulsnachfuehrung.
WO1986003344A1 (en) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-05 Hughes Aircraft Company High gain-area-product antenna design
GB2171561B (en) * 1985-02-24 1989-01-11 Philips Electronic Associated Antenna
US4764775A (en) * 1985-04-01 1988-08-16 Hercules Defense Electronics Systems, Inc. Multi-mode feed horn
US4712110A (en) * 1985-12-26 1987-12-08 General Dynamics, Pomona Division Five-port monopulse antenna feed structure with one dedicated transmit port
US6452561B1 (en) * 2001-03-28 2002-09-17 Rockwell Collins, Inc. High-isolation broadband polarization diverse circular waveguide feed
EP1993166B1 (de) * 2007-05-14 2020-10-07 Saab AB Antennenvorrichtung
WO2020180220A1 (en) 2019-03-04 2020-09-10 Saab Ab Dual-band multimode antenna feed

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH257862A (de) * 1942-06-23 1948-10-31 Lorenz C Ag Mit Trichter versehener Hohlraumresonator.
US2825062A (en) * 1945-07-09 1958-02-25 Chu Lan Jen Antenna
US3573838A (en) * 1968-10-28 1971-04-06 Hughes Aircraft Co Broadband multimode horn antenna
US3701163A (en) * 1971-11-09 1972-10-24 Us Navy Multi-mode, monopulse feed system
DE2626926C2 (de) * 1976-06-16 1983-08-25 AEG-Telefunken Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Hohlleiterprimärstrahler mit rechteckigem Querschnitt für eine Reflektorantenne mit Strahlschwenkung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2967598D1 (en) 1986-07-03
FR2418551B1 (de) 1981-12-31
EP0004215A1 (de) 1979-09-19
FR2418551A1 (fr) 1979-09-21
US4241353A (en) 1980-12-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2202839B1 (de) Kompakte Speiseeinrichtung zur Erzeugung einer Zirkularpolarisation in einer Antenne und Herstellungsvervahren einer solchen Speiseeinrichtung
EP0057121B1 (de) Hochfrequenz-Doppelbanderreger und eine Antenne mit einem solchen Erreger
EP0004215B1 (de) Mehrmode Mikrowellenstrahler und Monopulsantenne mit einem solchen Strahler
EP2194602B1 (de) Antenne mit gemeinsam benützten Elementarstrahlern und Verfahren zum Entwurf einer Mehrstrahlantenne mit gemeinsam benützten Elementarstrahlern
EP3189557B1 (de) Antenne mit mechanisch umkonfigurierbarem strahlungsmuster
EP2688142B1 (de) Mehrfachstrahl-Sende- und Empfangsantenne mit mehreren Quellen pro Strahl, Antennensystem und Satellitentelekommunikationssystem, die eine solche Antenne umfassen
EP0213646A1 (de) Modulare Mikrowellenantenneneinheiten und Antenne mit solchen Einheiten
FR3034262A1 (fr) Matrice de butler compacte, formateur de faisceaux bidimensionnel planaire et antenne plane comportant une telle matrice de butler
EP3664214B1 (de) Mehrfachzugriff strahlelemente
EP3113286B1 (de) Quasioptischer strahlformer mit linse, und flachantenne, die einen solchen strahlformer umfasst
EP0117803B1 (de) Breitbandiger primärer Mikrowellenhornstrahler und Antenne mit einem solchen primären Strahler
FR2613140A1 (fr) Antenne cornet parallelepipedique a repartition du champ d'ouverture linearisee en deux polarisations
EP0015837A2 (de) Antenne mit parallelen Flächen und Polarisationsdrehung
EP0035929B1 (de) Multimode-Mikrowellenerreger und Antenne mit einem solchen Erreger
FR2538959A1 (fr) Lentille hyperfrequence bi-bande, son procede de fabrication et antenne radar bi-bande de poursuite
EP0022016B1 (de) Verzögerungsleitung mit veränderlicher Steghöhe für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Verzögerungsleitung
EP0202979A1 (de) Polarisationsselektiver Reflektor und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
FR2684809A1 (fr) Antenne passive multifaisceaux a reflecteur(s) conforme (s).
EP0550320B1 (de) Wellenleiter mit geraden strahlenden Schlitzen, angeregt durch metallische Einsätze
FR2590081A1 (fr) Antenne a reflecteurs a grilles polarisees lineairement avec de meilleures performances de polarisation transversale
EP0407258B1 (de) Direkt strahlender Verteiler von Höchstfrequenzenergie
EP0019548A1 (de) Parallelebenenstrahler und seine Verwendung bei der Ausführung von Mehrelementenantennen
EP3306746B1 (de) Strahlungselement in einem hohlraum, und strahlungsnetz, das mindestens zwei strahlungselemente umfasst
FR2470457A1 (fr) Antenne a reseau a fentes avec distribution d'amplitude dans une petite ouverture circulaire
EP0093058B1 (de) Mikrowellen-Speisevorrichtung für rotationssymmetrischen Doppelbanderreger mit Rillen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT NL SE

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 2967598

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19860703

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19900228

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19910901

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940121

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19940124

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19940124

Year of fee payment: 16

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 79400100.8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19950217

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19951101

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 79400100.8