EP0003790B1 - Device for coating a moving web - Google Patents

Device for coating a moving web Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0003790B1
EP0003790B1 EP79100404A EP79100404A EP0003790B1 EP 0003790 B1 EP0003790 B1 EP 0003790B1 EP 79100404 A EP79100404 A EP 79100404A EP 79100404 A EP79100404 A EP 79100404A EP 0003790 B1 EP0003790 B1 EP 0003790B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
coating
pressure
roller
coating roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79100404A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0003790A1 (en
Inventor
David John Pipkin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0003790A1 publication Critical patent/EP0003790A1/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/40—Distributing applied liquids or other fluent materials by members moving relatively to surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
    • B05C11/023—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/18—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material only one side of the work coming into contact with the liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/02—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by single means not covered by groups B05C1/00 - B05C7/00, whether or not also using other means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/04—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material to opposite sides of the work

Definitions

  • squeegees can be used to apply and control the coating on the base.
  • Rolls can also be used to apply coatings, either a single roll which is passed through a storage container with the coating liquid and applies the liquid directly to the support or a combination, for example by the support for controlling the coating through the gap between adjacent rolls to be led.
  • Coatings can also be directly extruded onto substrates in very thin layers.
  • the pads can be dipped into a reservoir of coating liquid, either by moving freely as a web or by being passed around a roller, and air cushions or elastic wipers can be used to remove the excess coating material from the pad.
  • US-A-3 688 738 describes a coating device in which a support in the form of a web is passed around a roller which is immersed in the coating liquid.
  • a wiper membrane which does not extend beyond the roll, is used to remove excess coating liquid from the backing and return it to the reservoir.
  • a statically arranged film is additionally used, which interacts with the stripping membrane.
  • it is generally not desirable to coat the pad to the brim. Excess coating material loosens from the edge of the underlay when it is transported on. It is also often desirable to leave an uncoated edge. Therefore, the simple device described in US-A-3,688,738 is limited to the manufacture of a certain type of coating and a certain manufacturing speed.
  • a device for applying a coating composition to strip-shaped materials in which a coating composition is applied to a material web guided on a roller with a coating ruler provided with a rubber-elastic covering.
  • the pressure that the coating ruler exerts on the material web to be coated can be changed by means of an adjusting screw.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for coating a base with which a certain amount of coating liquid can be applied to a web in a desired layer thickness and width while maintaining a very smooth, uniform coating.
  • the coating width should be strictly limited to a desired width on the web to be coated.
  • the layer thickness should be able to be easily controlled and changed by more precisely adjusting the pressure exerted on the coating roller.
  • a return of excess coating material to the storage container should be avoided, and the device should preferably be able to be used in a continuous process. Furthermore, with the device according to the invention, materials with large differences in viscosity up to thixotropic materials in any layer thicknesses, which may be thinner than those obtainable with conventional processes and should be applicable at high coating speeds.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that a second device is provided with which the pressure exerted by the first device can be additionally influenced and that the metered application of the liquid by the metering device in Depends on the speed of the web.
  • FIG. 1 A coating device according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 and is generally designated by the reference number 10.
  • the web 12 rests on the coating roll 14, which is rotatably arranged on an axis 15 and is driven at a certain speed.
  • the guide roller 18 brings the web 12 into contact with a substantial part of the surface of the coating roller 14.
  • Rollers 14 and 18 are conventional rolls that are common in processes for coating various substrates.
  • the web 12 consists in most cases of a conventional substrate, for example of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate, which is available under the trademark Mylar, of acetates or polyolefins or other conventional polymer films, paper and the like.
  • the smoothing film 20 is positioned substantially statically adjacent to part of the web 12 and extends over the periphery of the coating roll 14. Preferably, the smoothing film 20 extends over a large part of the web 12 as long as it is in contact with the coating roll 14, but not very much beyond this contact area.
  • a pressure-exerting device for example a deformable membrane 22, which is arranged on a core 23 and is fastened to a carrier 24, brings the smoothing film 20 with the web 12 under a certain pressure, which is a function of the internal pressure of the membrane 22, in contact.
  • the carrier 24 allows the membrane 22 to move towards or away from the roller 14 in order to change the contact area with the same.
  • the line 26 is in communication with the interior of the membrane 22 and also with a pressure regulating device 28 through which a medium, preferably air, is fed into the interior of the membrane 22.
  • a medium preferably air
  • the metering pump 32 conveys liquid coating material from the feed line 34 to the metering line 36 at a certain speed so that there is a supply of liquid coating material at the point of contact of the web 12 with the smoothing film 20.
  • the metering pump 32 is driven by the belt 38, which is arranged on the pulley 39 of the metering pump 32 on the one hand and the pulley 40 of the guide roller 18 on the other hand.
  • the desired amount of liquid coating material is thus fed in depending on the speed of the guide roller 18.
  • the metering pump 32 can also be driven at a constant speed by an independent device (not shown).
  • a number of outlet openings 36 may be provided in the transverse direction above the surface of the web 12, whereby a plurality of coated strips can be produced on the web 12, which can later be divided into individual coated sections.
  • the supply amount 37 is controlled in such a way that spreading of the liquid coating material to the edge of the web is avoided, which facilitates working at high speed and edges of the desired width on the edge of the coating roller 14 are kept free of excess coating material.
  • Thixotropic liquid coating materials can easily be kept in a flowable state by the shear forces exerted by the material of the metering pump 32 and the web 12 at the storage location 37.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the pressure generating device in the form of a membrane 22 is attached to the end of a cylindrical core 23 '. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, an extrusion nozzle 45 is used instead of the metering line 36 in FIG. 1. The outlet opening 46 of the extrusion die 45 is arranged so that the liquid coating material is applied to the web 12 in such a way that it is not exposed to the air even for a short time. Although this is shown at an increased distance for clarity, the web 12 to the extrusion die 45 is arranged so that the contact point with the web 12 is effectively isolated from the external environment.
  • the liquid coating material is soft through the outlet opening 46 is extruded, contained between the web 12 and the surface of the extrusion die 45.
  • the smoothing film 20 is attached to the notch 47 of the extrusion die 45 and serves to act on the liquid coating material in the manner described in FIG. 1 without, however, exposing the coating material to the air before the coating process is completed.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the coating device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and is designated by the reference symbol 10 '.
  • Coating device 10 ' is similar to the devices of Figures 1 and 2, except that the pressure is generated in a different manner.
  • a pressure web 48 is arranged essentially statically on the guide rollers 50 and 51 in such a way that it is in contact with the web 12 over part of the surface of the coating roller 14.
  • the pressure web 48 terminates at the tension roller 53 and is attached thereto in such a way that a torque which is exerted on the tension roller 53 increases the tension in the pressure web 48 and consequently also the pressure with which the pressure web 48 presses against the coating roller 14 is pressed.
  • An arrangement for changing the torque that is exerted on the tensioning roller 53 for example a fixedly arranged torque generator 55, is provided in order to facilitate the setting of a specific tension of the pressure path 48.
  • the print web 48 can be made from a number of thin, flexible materials, such as polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, rubber or other polymer films, metals, or even paper.
  • the smoothing film 20 is statically disposed between the printing web 48 and the web 12 such that it contacts a portion of the web 12 that is in contact with the coating roll 14; however, it can also extend beyond the point of contact with the coating roller 14. As shown, the smoothing film 20 is attached to the guide roller 50 for the printing web, but there are other attachment options. If an extrusion die 45 is not used, as shown in FIG. 2, the web 12 generally contacts the coating roll 14 prior to its point of contact with the smoothing film 20. This is necessary for the liquid coating material to dose through the metering line 36 into place where the web 12 and the smoothing film 20 meet. As previously indicated, the coating materials are carefully metered through metering line 36.
  • the metering pump 32 is preferably operated in synchronism with the speed of the web 12, so that an increase in the linear speed of the web 12 is also associated with an increase in the metering capacity of the pump 32.
  • simplified metering devices for example a storage container with coating material, which exerts pressure on an easily adjustable valve, can also be used.
  • Other arrangements for the supply of the coating material are also possible, for example an extrusion nozzle or a distributor (not shown) with many outlet openings, which ensures a more uniform distribution of the coating material in the transverse direction over the web 12 and either a completely coated one or in the form of strips coated web supplies.
  • the material to be applied can be applied directly to the smoothing film 20 in the vicinity of the point where it contacts the web 12. be applied.
  • the coating material is dosed in the amounts actually required so that no coating material has to be returned. This completely avoids problems with the return of the coating material, for example coagulation, contamination, influences from the atmosphere and the like.
  • the web 12 is pressed in a high-pressure region against the coating roller 14 by the pressure which is exerted on the smoothing film 20 by the membrane 20 or the pressure web 48.
  • the pressure of the membrane 22 or the tension in the pressure web 48 and consequently the force with which the smoothing film 20 is pressed against the web 12 the thickness of the coating material that passes through this area can be easily adjusted.
  • the width of the coating is controlled at the same time by a fixed metering speed of the coating material. With an increased metering speed of the coating material, the width of the coating is simultaneously increased; and by changing the pressure of the membrane 20 or the tension of the web 48, the thickness can be easily adjusted.
  • these parameters can be easily monitored by controlling the delivery rate of the metering pump 32 or by the pressure generated by the device 28 or the torque exerted on the tensioning pulley 53 by the fixed torque producing motor 55 , be adjusted.
  • the motor 55 is operated so that it comes to a standstill when the desired train in the band 48 is reached.
  • the coating device advantageously controls the thickness and width of a coating on a moving web in a large area allowed.
  • This result is obtained without the use of precisely manufactured metal edges or nozzles for layer thickness control, for example a doctor blade or an extrusion nozzle.
  • the coating liquid in the present invention does not have to be returned to a reservoir which would cause contamination, coagulation and the like, and that in most cases it will not touch any metallic parts. If desired, atmospheric influences on the coating liquid can be eliminated.
  • the smoothing film can easily be replaced. It is the only component of the coating apparatus that comes into contact with the coating material. Without having to rely on a precisely manufactured part that is subject to wear and tear, the coating process can be monitored according to the invention in a simple and economical manner by means of a carefully adjusted high-pressure area.

Landscapes

  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten einer sich bewegenden Bahn mit einer Flüssigkeit, bestehend aus

  • a) einer Beschichtungsrolle, die drehbar auf einerAchse angeordnet ist,
  • b) einer ersten Einrichtung zur Ausübung von Druck auf einen Teil der Oberfläche der Beschichtungsrolle,
  • c) einem glättenden Film, der zwischen der Beschichtungsrolle und der den Druck ausübenden ersten Einrichtung angeordnet ist.
The present invention relates to a device for coating a moving web with a liquid consisting of
  • a) a coating roll which is rotatably arranged on an axis,
  • b) a first device for exerting pressure on a part of the surface of the coating roll,
  • c) a smoothing film disposed between the coating roll and the first pressure device.

Es sind eine Vielzahl von Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zum Beschichten von Flüssigkeiten auf sich bewegende Substrate bekannt. Es können beispielsweise Rakeln verwendet werden, um den Überzug auf die Unterlage aufzutragen und zu kontrollieren. Es können auch Rollen zum Auftragen von Überzügen verwendet werden, entweder eine einzelne Rolle, welche durch einen Vorratsbehälter mit der Beschichtungsflüssigkeit geführt wird und die Flüssigkeit direkt auf die Unterlage aufträgt oder eine Kombination, beispielsweise indem die Unterlage zur Kontrolle des Überzugs durch den Spalt benachbarter Rollen geführt wird. Überzüge können auch direkt in sehr dünnen Schichten auf Unterlagen extrudiert werden. Die Unterlagen können in einen Vorratsbehälter mit Beschichtungsflüssigkeit getaucht werden, entweder indem sie sich frei als Bahn bewegen oder um eine Rolle geführt werden, und Luftpolster oder elastische Abstreifvorrichtungen können verwendet werden, um das überschüssige Beschichtungsmaterial von der Unterlage zu entfernen.A variety of devices and methods for coating liquids on moving substrates are known. For example, squeegees can be used to apply and control the coating on the base. Rolls can also be used to apply coatings, either a single roll which is passed through a storage container with the coating liquid and applies the liquid directly to the support or a combination, for example by the support for controlling the coating through the gap between adjacent rolls to be led. Coatings can also be directly extruded onto substrates in very thin layers. The pads can be dipped into a reservoir of coating liquid, either by moving freely as a web or by being passed around a roller, and air cushions or elastic wipers can be used to remove the excess coating material from the pad.

Ein frühes Beispiel für eine Abstreifvorrichtung ist in der US-A-62 044 beschrieben. Nach diesem Patent wird ein statisch angeordnetes Tuch teilweise um eine Rolle gespannt, um ein Abstreifen von Bronzepulver zu bewirken.An early example of a stripping device is described in US-A-62 044. According to this patent, a statically arranged cloth is partially stretched around a roller to cause bronze powder to be wiped off.

In der US-A-3 688 738 ist eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung beschrieben, bei der eine Unterlage in Form einer Bahn um eine Rolle geführt wird, welche in die Beschichtungsflüssigkeit getaucht wird. Eine Abstreifmembran, die sich nicht über die Rolle hinaus erstreckt, wird verwendet, um überschüssige Beschichtungsflüssigkeit von der Unterlage zu entfernen und in den Vorratsbehälter zurückzuführen. In speziellen Ausführungsbeispielen wird zusätzlich ein statisch angeordneter Film angewendet, der mit der abstreifenden Membran zusammenwirkt. Es ist jedoch im allgemeinen nicht erwünscht, die Unterlage bis zu ihrem Rand zu beschichten. Überschüssiges Beschichtungsmaterial löst sich von der Kante der Unterlage, wenn diese weitertransportiert wird. Es ist auch oft erwünscht, einen nicht beschichteten Rand übrigzulassen. Daher ist die einfache Vorrichtung, die in der US-A-3 688 738 beschrieben ist, beschränkt auf die Herstellung einer bestimmten Art von Überzügen und auf eine bestimmte Herstellungsgeschwindigkeit.US-A-3 688 738 describes a coating device in which a support in the form of a web is passed around a roller which is immersed in the coating liquid. A wiper membrane, which does not extend beyond the roll, is used to remove excess coating liquid from the backing and return it to the reservoir. In special exemplary embodiments, a statically arranged film is additionally used, which interacts with the stripping membrane. However, it is generally not desirable to coat the pad to the brim. Excess coating material loosens from the edge of the underlay when it is transported on. It is also often desirable to leave an uncoated edge. Therefore, the simple device described in US-A-3,688,738 is limited to the manufacture of a certain type of coating and a certain manufacturing speed.

Aus der DE-A-2 633 111 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Auftragen einer Beschichtungsmasse auf bandförmige Materialien bekannt, bei der auf eine auf einer Walze geführte Materialbahn mit einem Streichlineal, das mit einem gummielastischen Belag versehen ist, eine Beschichtungsmasse aufgetragen wird. Mittels einer Stellschraube kann der Druck, den das Streichlineal auf die zu beschichtende Materialbahn ausübt, verändert werden. Mit dieser Vorrichtung ist jedoch keine genaue Einstellung der Länge des Beschichtungsspaltes und des Druckes im Bereich des Beschichtungsspaltes möglich; denn immer dann, wenn die Einstellung der Stellschraube verändert wird, um den Abstand zwischen Streichlineal und Walze zu verringern, deformiert sich der gummielastische Belag unter Vergrößerung des Beschichtungsspaltes.From DE-A-2 633 111 a device for applying a coating composition to strip-shaped materials is known, in which a coating composition is applied to a material web guided on a roller with a coating ruler provided with a rubber-elastic covering. The pressure that the coating ruler exerts on the material web to be coated can be changed by means of an adjusting screw. With this device, however, it is not possible to set the length of the coating gap and the pressure in the region of the coating gap precisely; because whenever the adjustment of the adjusting screw is changed to reduce the distance between the ruler and the roller, the rubber-elastic covering deforms while increasing the coating gap.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten einer Unterlage anzugeben, mit der eine bestimmte Menge Beschichtungsflüssigkeit auf eine Bahn in einer gewünschten Schichtdikke und -breite unter Erhalt eines sehr glatten, gleichmäßigen Überzugs aufgetragen werden kann. Die Beschichtungsbreite soll strikt auf eine gewünschte Breite auf der zu beschichtenden Bahn beschränkt werden können. Außerdem soll die Schichtdicke durch eine genauere Einstellung des auf die Beschichtungsrolle ausgeübten Drucks leicht kontrollierbar sein und geändert werden können.Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a device for coating a base with which a certain amount of coating liquid can be applied to a web in a desired layer thickness and width while maintaining a very smooth, uniform coating. The coating width should be strictly limited to a desired width on the web to be coated. In addition, the layer thickness should be able to be easily controlled and changed by more precisely adjusting the pressure exerted on the coating roller.

Eine Rückführung von überschüssigem Beschichtungsmaterial in den Vorratsbehälter soll entfallen, und die Vorrichtung soll vorzugsweise in einem kontinuierlichen Verfahren einsetzbar sein. Ferner sollen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung Materialien mit großen Viskositätsunterschieden bis hin zu thixotropen Materialien in beliebigen Schichtdicken, die dünner als die bei üblichen Verfahren erhältlichen sein können und mit hohen Beschichtungsgeschwindigkeiten auftragbar sein.A return of excess coating material to the storage container should be avoided, and the device should preferably be able to be used in a continuous process. Furthermore, with the device according to the invention, materials with large differences in viscosity up to thixotropic materials in any layer thicknesses, which may be thinner than those obtainable with conventional processes and should be applicable at high coating speeds.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß eine zweite Vorrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit der der durch die erste Einrichtung ausgeübte Druck zusätzlich beeinflußt werden kann und daß das dosierte Auftragen der Flüssigkeit durch die Dosiereinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit der Bahn erfolgt.The object of the invention is achieved by a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that a second device is provided with which the pressure exerted by the first device can be additionally influenced and that the metered application of the liquid by the metering device in Depends on the speed of the web.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Ausführungsbeispiele in Verbindung mit den beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung ßmäß der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Ansicht, ähnlich wie in Fig. 1, einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 3 eine vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform gemäß der Erfindung.
The invention is explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It shows
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified side view, partly in section, of a coating device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, a further preferred embodiment of the invention and
  • Fig. 3 is a simplified side view of a third embodiment according to the invention.

In den Zeichnungen werden in den verschiedenen Figuren die gleichen Komponenten mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet. Eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt und wird im allgemeinen mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 bezeichnet. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, liegt die Bahn 12 auf der Beschichtungsrolle 14 auf, die drehbar auf einer Achse 15 angeordnet ist und mit einer bestimmten Geschwindigkeit angetrieben wird. Die Führungsrolle 18 bringt die Bahn 12 mit einem wesentlichen Teil der Oberfläche der Beschichtungsrolle 14 in Berührung.In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference symbols in the various figures. A coating device according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 and is generally designated by the reference number 10. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the web 12 rests on the coating roll 14, which is rotatably arranged on an axis 15 and is driven at a certain speed. The guide roller 18 brings the web 12 into contact with a substantial part of the surface of the coating roller 14.

Die Rollen 14 und 18 sind konventionelle Rollen, die in Verfahren zur Beschichtung verschiedener Unterlagen üblich sind. Die Bahn 12 besteht in den meisten Fällen aus einem konventionellen Substrat, beispielsweise aus biaxial orientiertem Polyäthylenterephthalat, welches unter dem Warenzeichen Mylar erhältlich ist, aus Acetaten oder Polyolefinen oder anderen üblichen Polymerfilmen, Papier und dgl.Rollers 14 and 18 are conventional rolls that are common in processes for coating various substrates. The web 12 consists in most cases of a conventional substrate, for example of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate, which is available under the trademark Mylar, of acetates or polyolefins or other conventional polymer films, paper and the like.

Der glättende Film 20 wird im wesentlichen statisch zu einem Teil der Bahn 12 benachbart angeordnet und erstreckt sich über die Peripherie der Beschichtungsrolle 14. Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich der glättende Film 20 über einen Großteil der Bahn 12, solange diese mit der Beschichtungsrolle 14 in Kontakt ist, aber nicht sehr viel weiter über diesen Kontaktbereich hinaus. Eine Druck ausübende Vorrichtung, beispielsweise eine deformierbare Membran 22, welche auf einem Kern 23 angeordnet und an einem Träger 24 befestigt ist, bringt den glättenden Film 20 mit der Bahn 12 unter einem bestimmten Druck, welcher eine Funktion des inneren Drucks der Membran 22 ist, in Kontakt. Der Träger 24 gestattet eine Bewegung der Membran 22 auf die Rolle 14 zu oder von dieser weg, um die Kontaktfläche mit derselben zu verändern. Die Leitung 26 ist in Verbindung mit dem Inneren der Membran 22 und auch mit einer den Druck regulierenden Vorrichtung 28, durch die ein Medium, vorzugsweise Luft, in das Innere der Membran 22 zugeführt wird. Durch die Regulierung des Innendrucks der Membran 22 bringt die Druck ausübende Membran den glättenden Film 20 mit der Bahn 12 in Kontakt bei einem Druck, welcher leicht durch die den Druck regulierende Vorrichtung 28 auf einen gewünschten Wert eingestellt werden kann.The smoothing film 20 is positioned substantially statically adjacent to part of the web 12 and extends over the periphery of the coating roll 14. Preferably, the smoothing film 20 extends over a large part of the web 12 as long as it is in contact with the coating roll 14, but not very much beyond this contact area. A pressure-exerting device, for example a deformable membrane 22, which is arranged on a core 23 and is fastened to a carrier 24, brings the smoothing film 20 with the web 12 under a certain pressure, which is a function of the internal pressure of the membrane 22, in contact. The carrier 24 allows the membrane 22 to move towards or away from the roller 14 in order to change the contact area with the same. The line 26 is in communication with the interior of the membrane 22 and also with a pressure regulating device 28 through which a medium, preferably air, is fed into the interior of the membrane 22. By regulating the internal pressure of the membrane 22, the pressure-exerting membrane brings the smoothing film 20 into contact with the web 12 at a pressure which can be easily adjusted to a desired value by the pressure regulating device 28.

Die Dosierpumpe 32 fördert flüssiges Beschichtungsmaterial von der Zufuhrleitung 34 zu der Dosierleitung 36 mit einer bestimmten Geschwindigkeit, damit ein Vorrat an flüssigem Beschichtungsmaterial an der Berührungsstelle der Bahn 12 mit dem glättenden Film 20 vorhanden ist. Die Dosierpumpe 32 wird angetrieben durch den Riemen 38, der auf der Riemenscheibe 39 der Dosierpumpe 32 einerseits und der Riemenscheibe 40 der Führungsrolle 18 andererseits angeordnet ist. So wird die gewünschte Menge an flüssigem Beschichtungsmaterial in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit der Führungsrolle 18 zugeleitet. Unter stationären Bedingungen kann die Dosierpumpe 32 jedoch auch mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit von einer unabhängigen Vorrichtung (nicht abgebildet) angetrieben werden.The metering pump 32 conveys liquid coating material from the feed line 34 to the metering line 36 at a certain speed so that there is a supply of liquid coating material at the point of contact of the web 12 with the smoothing film 20. The metering pump 32 is driven by the belt 38, which is arranged on the pulley 39 of the metering pump 32 on the one hand and the pulley 40 of the guide roller 18 on the other hand. The desired amount of liquid coating material is thus fed in depending on the speed of the guide roller 18. However, under steady-state conditions, the metering pump 32 can also be driven at a constant speed by an independent device (not shown).

Durch den Vorrat 37 an flüssigem Beschichtungsmaterial. an der Berührungsstelle des glättenden Films 20 mit der Bahn 12 wird ein leicht kontrollierbarer Überzug auf der Bahn 12 erzeugt, wobei der Druck, der durch die Membran 22 erzeugt wird, die Dicke des Überzugs und die Dosiergeschwindigkeit durch die Pumpe 32 die Breite des Überzugs bestimmt. Wenn die Bahn 12 den glättenden Film 20 verläßt, wird ein beschichtetes Substrat 44 erhalten, bei dem das flüssige Beschichtungsmaterial gleichmäßig über die Oberfläche der Bahn 12 in glatter und reproduzierbarer Weise verteilt ist.Through the stock 37 of liquid coating material. at the point of contact of the smoothing film 20 with the web 12, an easily controllable coating is created on the web 12, the pressure generated by the membrane 22, the thickness of the coating and the metering rate by the pump 32 determining the width of the coating . When the web 12 leaves the smoothing film 20, a coated substrate 44 is obtained in which the liquid coating material is evenly distributed over the surface of the web 12 in a smooth and reproducible manner.

An der zuvor beschriebenen Vorrichtung können auch verschiedene Veränderungen vorgenommen werden.Various changes can also be made to the device described above.

So können beispielsweise eine Anzahl von Auslaßöffnungen 36 in Querrichtung über der Oberfläche der Bahn 12 vorgesehen sein, wodurch man eine Vielzahl von beschichteten Streifen auf der Bahn 12 erzeugen kann, welche später in einzelne beschichtete Abschnitte aufgeteilt werden können. Die Vorratsmenge 37 wird in der Weise kontrolliert, daß ein Ausbreiten des flüssigen Beschichtungsmaterials bis zum Rand der Bahn vermieden wird, wodurch das Arbeiten bei hoher Geschwindigkeit erleichtert wird und Ränder in der gewünschten Breite an der Kante der Beschichtungsrolle 14 von überschüssigem Beschichtungsmaterial freigehalten werden. Thixotrope, flüssige Beschichtungsmaterialien können leicht in einem fließfähigen Zustand gehalten werden durch die Scherkräfte, die von dem Material der Dosierpumpe 32 und der Bahn 12 an der Vorratsstelle 37 ausgeübtwerden.For example, a number of outlet openings 36 may be provided in the transverse direction above the surface of the web 12, whereby a plurality of coated strips can be produced on the web 12, which can later be divided into individual coated sections. The supply amount 37 is controlled in such a way that spreading of the liquid coating material to the edge of the web is avoided, which facilitates working at high speed and edges of the desired width on the edge of the coating roller 14 are kept free of excess coating material. Thixotropic liquid coating materials can easily be kept in a flowable state by the shear forces exerted by the material of the metering pump 32 and the web 12 at the storage location 37.

Eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Wie gezeigt wird, ist die Druck erzeugende Vorrichtung in Form einer Membran 22 am Ende eines zylindrischen Kerns 23' befestigt. Wie auch aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, wird anstelle der Dosierleitung 36 in Fig. 1 eine Extrusionsdüse 45 verwendet. Die Auslaßöffnung 46 der Extrusionsdüse 45 ist so angeordnet, daß das flüssige Beschichtungsmaterial auf die Bahn 12 in einer solchen Weise aufgetragen wird, daß es selbst für eine kurze Zeit der Luft nicht ausgesetzt wird. Obgleich dies der Klarheit halber mit vergrößertem Abstand dargestellt wird, ist die Bahn 12 zur Extrusionsdüse 45 so angeordnet, daß die Kontaktstelle mit der Bahn 12 von der externen Umgebung wirksam isoliert wird. Auf diese Weise ist das flüssige Beschichtungsmaterial, weiches durch die Auslaßöffnung 46 extrudiert wird, zwischen der Bahn 12 und der Oberfläche der Extrusionsdüse 45 enthalten. Der glättende Film 20 wird an der Einkerbung 47 der Extrusionsdüse 45 befestigt und dient dazu, auf das flüssige Beschichtungsmaterial in der in Fig. 1 beschriebenen Weise einzuwirken, ohne daß jedoch das Beschichtungsmaterial vor Beendigung des Beschichtungsverfahrens der Luft ausgesetzt wird.Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the pressure generating device in the form of a membrane 22 is attached to the end of a cylindrical core 23 '. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, an extrusion nozzle 45 is used instead of the metering line 36 in FIG. 1. The outlet opening 46 of the extrusion die 45 is arranged so that the liquid coating material is applied to the web 12 in such a way that it is not exposed to the air even for a short time. Although this is shown at an increased distance for clarity, the web 12 to the extrusion die 45 is arranged so that the contact point with the web 12 is effectively isolated from the external environment. In this way the liquid coating material is soft through the outlet opening 46 is extruded, contained between the web 12 and the surface of the extrusion die 45. The smoothing film 20 is attached to the notch 47 of the extrusion die 45 and serves to act on the liquid coating material in the manner described in FIG. 1 without, however, exposing the coating material to the air before the coating process is completed.

Eine andere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungsvorrichtung ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt und wird mit dem Bezugszeichen 10' bezeichnet. Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung 10' ist den Vorrichtungen gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 ähnlich, mit der Ausnahme, daß der Druck auf andere Art und Weise erzeugt wird.Another embodiment of the coating device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and is designated by the reference symbol 10 '. Coating device 10 'is similar to the devices of Figures 1 and 2, except that the pressure is generated in a different manner.

Anstelle der Membran 22 ist eine Druckbahn 48 im wesentlichen statisch auf den Führungsrollen 50 und 51 in der Weise angeordnet, daß sie über einen Teil der Oberfläche der Beschichtungsrolle 14 in Kontakt mit der Bahn 12 ist. Die Druckbahn 48 endet an der Spannrolle 53 und ist an dieser in der Weise befestigt, daß ein Drehmoment, das auf die Spannrolle 53 ausgeübt wird, den Zug in der Druckbahn 48 erhöht und demzufolge auch den Druck, mit dem die Druckbahn 48 gegen die Beschichtungsrolle 14 gedrückt wird. Eine Anordnung zur Änderung des Drehmoments, das auf die Spannrolle 53 ausgeübt wird, beispielsweise ein fest angeordneter Drehmomenten-Erzeuger 55 ist vorgesehen, um die Einstellung eines bestimmten Zugs der Druckbahn 48 zu erleichtern. Die Druckbahn 48 kann aus einer Reihe dünner, flexibler Materialien, beispielsweise aus Polyester wie Polyäthylenterephthalat, aus Gummi oder anderen Polymerfilmen, Metallen oder sogar aus Papier hergestellt werden.Instead of the membrane 22, a pressure web 48 is arranged essentially statically on the guide rollers 50 and 51 in such a way that it is in contact with the web 12 over part of the surface of the coating roller 14. The pressure web 48 terminates at the tension roller 53 and is attached thereto in such a way that a torque which is exerted on the tension roller 53 increases the tension in the pressure web 48 and consequently also the pressure with which the pressure web 48 presses against the coating roller 14 is pressed. An arrangement for changing the torque that is exerted on the tensioning roller 53, for example a fixedly arranged torque generator 55, is provided in order to facilitate the setting of a specific tension of the pressure path 48. The print web 48 can be made from a number of thin, flexible materials, such as polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, rubber or other polymer films, metals, or even paper.

Der glättende Film 20 ist statisch zwischen der Druckbahn 48 und der Bahn 12 in der Weise angeordnet, daß er einen Teil der Bahn 12, die sich in Kontakt mit der Beschichtungsrolle 14 befindet, berührt; er kann sich jedoch auch über den Berührungspunkt mit der Beschichtungsrolle 14 hinaus erstrecken. Wie dargestellt, ist der glättende Film 20 an der Führungsrolle 50 für die Druckbahn befestigt, es gibt jedoch auch andere Befestigungsmöglichkeiten. Wenn keine Extrusionsdüse 45, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist, verwendet wird, berührt die Bahn 12 im allgemeinen die Beschichtungsrolle 14 vor ihrem Kontaktpunkt mit dem glättenden Film 20. Dies ist erforderlich, damit das flüssige Beschichtungsmaterial durch die Dosierleitung 36 auf die Stelle dosiert werden kann, bei der die Bahn 12 und der glättende Film 20 zusammentreffen. Wie zuvor angegeben, werden die Beschichtungsmaterialien sorgfältig durch die Dosierleitung 36 dosiert. Die Dosierpumpe 32 wird vorzugsweise synchron zu der Geschwindigkeit der Bahn 12 betrieben, so daß mit einer Zunahme der linearen Geschwindigkeit der Bahn 12 auch eine Zunahme der Dosierleistung der Pumpe 32 verbunden ist. In Fällen, in denen die Bahn 12 mit im wesentlichen konstanter Geschwindigkeit durch die Beschichtungsvorrichtung läuft, können auch vereinfachte Dosiervorrichtungen, beispielsweise ein Vorratsbehälter mit Beschichtungsmaterial, das einen Druck auf ein einfach einstellbares Ventil ausübt, verwendet werden. _Es sind auch andere Anordnungen für die Zuleitung des Beschichtungsmaterials möglich, beispielsweise eine Extrusionsdüse oder ein Verteilerstück (nicht gezeigt) mit vielen Auslaßöffnungen, das eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung des Beschichtungsmaterials in Querrichtung über die Bahn 12 gewährleistet und entweder eine vollständig beschichtete oder eine in Form von Streifen beschichtete Bahn liefert. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen, insbesondere dann, wenn die Eigenschaften des glättenden Films 20 eine anfängliche vertikale Anordnung dieses Films erforderlich machen, kann das aufzutragende Material direkt auf den glättenden Film 20 in der Umgebung des Punktes, an dem er mit der Bahn 12 in Berührung kommt, aufgetragen werden. In allen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung wird das Beschichtungsmaterial in den tatsächlich erforderlichen Mengen dosiert, damit kein Beschichtungsmaterial rückgeführt werden muß. Dadurch werden Probleme der Rückführung des Beschichtungsmaterials, beispielsweise Koagulation, Verunreinigungen, Einflüsse der Atmosphäre und dgl., vollkommen vermieden.The smoothing film 20 is statically disposed between the printing web 48 and the web 12 such that it contacts a portion of the web 12 that is in contact with the coating roll 14; however, it can also extend beyond the point of contact with the coating roller 14. As shown, the smoothing film 20 is attached to the guide roller 50 for the printing web, but there are other attachment options. If an extrusion die 45 is not used, as shown in FIG. 2, the web 12 generally contacts the coating roll 14 prior to its point of contact with the smoothing film 20. This is necessary for the liquid coating material to dose through the metering line 36 into place where the web 12 and the smoothing film 20 meet. As previously indicated, the coating materials are carefully metered through metering line 36. The metering pump 32 is preferably operated in synchronism with the speed of the web 12, so that an increase in the linear speed of the web 12 is also associated with an increase in the metering capacity of the pump 32. In cases where the web 12 runs through the coating device at a substantially constant speed, simplified metering devices, for example a storage container with coating material, which exerts pressure on an easily adjustable valve, can also be used. Other arrangements for the supply of the coating material are also possible, for example an extrusion nozzle or a distributor (not shown) with many outlet openings, which ensures a more uniform distribution of the coating material in the transverse direction over the web 12 and either a completely coated one or in the form of strips coated web supplies. Under certain conditions, particularly when the properties of the smoothing film 20 require an initial vertical placement of this film, the material to be applied can be applied directly to the smoothing film 20 in the vicinity of the point where it contacts the web 12. be applied. In all embodiments of the invention, the coating material is dosed in the amounts actually required so that no coating material has to be returned. This completely avoids problems with the return of the coating material, for example coagulation, contamination, influences from the atmosphere and the like.

Bei der Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen 10 oder 10' wird die Bahn 12 in einem Hochdruckbereich gegen die Beschichtungsrolle 14 durch denjenigen Druck gepreßt, der durch die Membran 20 oder die Druckbahn 48 auf den glättenden Film 20 ausgeübt wird. Durch Einstellung des Drucks der Membran 22 oder des Zugs in der Druckbahn 48 und darausfolgend der Kraft, mit der der glättende Film 20 gegen die Bahn 12 gedrückt wird, ist die Dicke des Beschichtungsmaterials, das durch diesen Bereich läuft, leicht einstellbar. Durch eine fixierte Dosiergeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmaterials wird gleichzeitig die Breite des Überzugs kontrolliert. Bei einer erhöhten Dosiergeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmaterials wird gleichzeitig die Breite des Überzugs vergrößert; und durch Änderung des Drucks der Membran 20 oder des Zugs der Druckbahn 48 kann die Dicke leicht eingestellt werden. Unter Produktionsbedingungen können diese Parameter leicht überwacht werden, indem die Fördermenge der Dosierpumpe 32 kontrolliert wird oder indem der Druck, der durch die Vorrichtung 28 erzeugt wird oder das Drehmoment, das auf die Spannrolle 53 durch den fest angeordneten, ein Drehmoment erzeugenden Motor 55 ausgeübt wird, angepaßt werden. Der Motor 55 wird so betrieben, daß er bei Erreichen des gewünschten Zuges im Band 48 zum Stillstand kommt.When using the devices 10 or 10 'according to the invention, the web 12 is pressed in a high-pressure region against the coating roller 14 by the pressure which is exerted on the smoothing film 20 by the membrane 20 or the pressure web 48. By adjusting the pressure of the membrane 22 or the tension in the pressure web 48 and consequently the force with which the smoothing film 20 is pressed against the web 12, the thickness of the coating material that passes through this area can be easily adjusted. The width of the coating is controlled at the same time by a fixed metering speed of the coating material. With an increased metering speed of the coating material, the width of the coating is simultaneously increased; and by changing the pressure of the membrane 20 or the tension of the web 48, the thickness can be easily adjusted. Under production conditions, these parameters can be easily monitored by controlling the delivery rate of the metering pump 32 or by the pressure generated by the device 28 or the torque exerted on the tensioning pulley 53 by the fixed torque producing motor 55 , be adjusted. The motor 55 is operated so that it comes to a standstill when the desired train in the band 48 is reached.

Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, daß die Beschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung in vorteilhafter Weise die Kontrolle der Dicke und der Breite eines Überzugs auf einer sich bewegenden Bahn in einem großen Bereich gestattet. Dieses Ergebnis wird erhalten ohne Anwendung präzis hergestellter Metallkanten oder Düsen zur Schichtdickenkontrolle, beispielsweise einer Rakel oder einer Extrusionsdüse. Von wesentlicher Bedeutung ist, daß die Beschichtungsflüssigkeit in der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht zu einem Vorratsbehälter rückgeführt werden muß, was Verunreinigungen, Koagulation und dgl. verursachen würde, und daß sie in den meisten Fällen auch keine metallischen Teile berührt. Wenn es gewünscht wird, können atmosphärische Einflüsse auf die Beschichtungsflüssigkeit ausgeschaltet werden. Der glättende Film kann leicht ersetzt werden. Er stellt den einzigen Bestandteil der Beschichtungsapparatur dar, der mit dem Beschichtungsmaterial in Berührung kommt. Ohne daß man sich auf ein präzis hergestelltes Teil, das der Abnützung unterliegt, verlassen muß, kann das Beschichtungsverfahren erfindungsgemäß durch einen sorgfältig eingestellten Hochdruckbereich auf einfache und ökonomische Art und Weise überwacht werden.In summary it can be said that the coating device according to the invention advantageously controls the thickness and width of a coating on a moving web in a large area allowed. This result is obtained without the use of precisely manufactured metal edges or nozzles for layer thickness control, for example a doctor blade or an extrusion nozzle. It is essential that the coating liquid in the present invention does not have to be returned to a reservoir which would cause contamination, coagulation and the like, and that in most cases it will not touch any metallic parts. If desired, atmospheric influences on the coating liquid can be eliminated. The smoothing film can easily be replaced. It is the only component of the coating apparatus that comes into contact with the coating material. Without having to rely on a precisely manufactured part that is subject to wear and tear, the coating process can be monitored according to the invention in a simple and economical manner by means of a carefully adjusted high-pressure area.

Claims (10)

1. Device for coating a moving web (12) with a liquid; consisting of
a) a coating roller (14) journaled around an axis (15),
b) a first device (22, 48) for exerting pressure onto part of the surface of the coating roller (14),
c) a smoothing film (20) interposed between the coating roller (14) and the first device (22,48) exerting the pressure, and
d) a device (32/36,45) for metering the liquid at a predetermined rate in that region which is in the direction of movement of the web (12) preceding the point of contact of smoothing film (20) and web (12),

characterized in that a second device'(28, 55) is provided with which the pressure exerted by the first device (22, 48) can be additionally influenced, and that the metering of the liquid at a predetermined rate is performed by the metering device (32/36, 45) as a function of the speed of the web (12).
2. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first device for exerting the pressure is a closed pliable membrane (22) surrounding a core (23) and is attached to a support (24) which owing to a movement from and to the coating roller (14) permits a change of the contact surface of the membrane (22) with the coating roller (14).
3. Device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the pressure within the membrane (22) is generated by a gaseous medium, and controlled by a pressure gauge.
4. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first device for exerting the pressure is a force web (48), and that the pressure is controlled through a control of the tension in the force web (48).
5. Device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the force web (48) is arranged statically on guide rollers (50 and 51) in such a manner that it follows part of the surface of the coating roller (14), and contacts in this region the web (12) to be coated, and that the ends of the force web (48) are fixed to a tension roller (53).
6. Device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that a torque is generated at the tension roller (53) by means of a torque-generating motor (55) which is operated in such a manner that it becomes stationary when a specific tension in the force web (48) has been reached.
7. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the device for metering the fluid to be applied is an extrusion nozzle (45) with a slot (46), or a distributor with several slots, whose surface in the region of the slot (46) contacts the web (12) to be coated.
8. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the smoothing film (20), made of flexible material, extends in excess of the end of its contact surface with the coating roller (14).
9. Device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the smoothing film (20) is fixed to the membrane (22) or to the extrusion nozzle (45), respectively.
10. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a guide roller (18) whose axis (40) extends in parallel to the axis (15) of the coating roller (14) is provided for the web (12) to be coated, and that the guide roller (18) is arranged in such a manner that the point of contact of the tangent to the roller (18), the coating roller (14), and the smoothing film (20) defines the region (37) into which opens a line (36) of the metering device (32/36).
EP79100404A 1978-02-23 1979-02-12 Device for coating a moving web Expired EP0003790B1 (en)

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US882281 1978-02-23

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4022948A1 (en) * 1990-07-19 1992-01-23 Anlagen Und Maschinenbau Karl Web applicator - has chamber for medium formed between guide body and tensed belt for web to travel through between them
AU2004203164B2 (en) * 2003-07-18 2009-09-24 Dominic Victor Costa Adhesive Applicator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2966123D1 (en) 1983-10-13
EP0003790A1 (en) 1979-09-05
US4327130A (en) 1982-04-27
ATA99179A (en) 1980-03-15
AT359174B (en) 1980-10-27
JPS5515265B2 (en) 1980-04-22
JPS54114546A (en) 1979-09-06

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