EP0003705B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un ruban ou de plaques de plâtre et plaques ainsi fabriquées - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un ruban ou de plaques de plâtre et plaques ainsi fabriquées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0003705B1
EP0003705B1 EP79400078A EP79400078A EP0003705B1 EP 0003705 B1 EP0003705 B1 EP 0003705B1 EP 79400078 A EP79400078 A EP 79400078A EP 79400078 A EP79400078 A EP 79400078A EP 0003705 B1 EP0003705 B1 EP 0003705B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcement
reservoir
plaster
casting bed
casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79400078A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0003705A2 (fr
EP0003705A3 (en
Inventor
Adrien Delcoigne
Jacques Lanneau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Industries SA
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Saint Gobain Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Industries SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Industries SA
Publication of EP0003705A2 publication Critical patent/EP0003705A2/fr
Publication of EP0003705A3 publication Critical patent/EP0003705A3/xx
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Publication of EP0003705B1 publication Critical patent/EP0003705B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
    • B28B1/16—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted for producing layered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/56—Mixing liquids with solids by introducing solids in liquids, e.g. dispersing or dissolving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/22—Control or regulation
    • B01F35/221—Control or regulation of operational parameters, e.g. level of material in the mixer, temperature or pressure
    • B01F35/2218—Weight of at least one component to be mixed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/026—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length
    • B28B5/027—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length the moulding surfaces being of the indefinite length type, e.g. belts, and being continuously fed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of plates by casting on a movable casting hearth, a fluid evolving product, such as a mixture of plaster and water.
  • Called evolutionary product a liquid in which a certain reaction takes place giving rise to a physical or chemical transformation likely in particular to make appear a solid phase or to modify the characteristics of the solid phase initially loading the liquid.
  • plaster which, as soon as it is mixed with water, begins to evolve rapidly until it is completely solidified.
  • the continuous manufacture of plaster construction elements requires controlling the reaction state of the plaster at all times and at each point of the mixture, from the distribution of powdered plaster and water to the end of the chain where finished construction elements are available.
  • the mixture When the mixture has the consistency of a liquid, it can only be used batchwise to manufacture building elements. It is poured into molds and allowed to stay there until the plaster sets. Hitherto a liquid plaster mixture is not used continuously, on the one hand because of the difficulty of retaining the liquid plaster by a valve during its mixing inside a conventional mixer, without deposits and without solidification of deposits at the constriction produced by the valve, on the other hand due to the difficulty of maintaining an evolving product such as plaster in a continuous casting device without any setting in ground inside the device.
  • the Applicant has first developed the adjustment of the flow rate of a fluid mixture of plaster and water at the outlet of a mixer. Knowing how to control the residence time of a liquid mixture of plaster and water by adjusting the flow rate of said mixture at the outlet of a mixer, the Applicant then proposed to use such a liquid mixture continuously to manufacture construction panels, so as to take advantage of the advantages inherent in a liquid, namely level detection accuracy, hence more regular distribution of the mixture, and lighter technology.
  • the tank is filled with product, thus creating a static charge above the casting floor and the product flows over the casting floor through the slot at the base of the tank.
  • a mixture of plaster and water poured into such a device would solidify, first along the walls of the tank then on the lips of the slot and quickly the casting device would be blocked.
  • Such a method using the flow of the product from a loaded reserve relative to the casting hearth, is characterized in that a continuous introduction of the renewal product into the reserve by a plurality of submerged jets in the mass of the product of the reserve. These jets are juxtaposed horizontally and directed approximately horizontally in the opposite direction to the direction of travel of the casting hearth.
  • the jets of renewal product arrive with an energy such that they produce in the mass of the product of the reserve an agitation along closed current lines.
  • the spacing of the jets arriving in the reserve will be such that the closed stirring lines produced by all the jets will be contiguous and will develop in the plane containing the jets over the entire surface of the reserve.
  • one or more reinforcements will be introduced into the product poured from the reserve.
  • the invention also provides a device which makes it possible to implement the method.
  • This device comprising a bottomless trough resting on a movable casting hearth and having an opening limited by said casting hearth and by the lower edge of the plate forming the downstream wall of the trough, is characterized in that said plate downstream is provided with a plurality of product supply tubes, external to the trough, opening inside the trough, through the downstream plate.
  • the invention also proposes means facilitating the introduction of a continuous reinforcement in the manufactured plates.
  • the invention also provides plaster-based products, manufactured using the casting process, and possibly reinforced.
  • FIG. 1 shows an installation for manufacturing plaster building elements reinforced for example with fiberglass.
  • This installation comprises means for producing a mixture of plaster and water which has been the subject of European patent application No. 79400077.8 and means, which are the subject of this application, making it possible to continuously pour said mixture on a support. mobile and possibly strengthen it with a frame.
  • Powdered plaster contained in a hopper 1 is distributed on a constant weight balance carpet 2 previously adjusted for a determined flow rate P of plaster then brought to a vibrating chute 3 which causes it to fall into a mixture M.
  • a water dispenser 4 introduces water into the mixer M with a flow rate E.
  • the mixer M is a deflocculating turbine mixer 5, with a cylindrical tank 6, vertical, the lower end 6A of which is convergent.
  • An intermediate bottom of the tank is constituted by the upper surface 7A of a core 7 with symmetry of revolution, converging downwards, disposed inside the envelope itself converging which constitutes the lower end 6A of the tank 6.
  • This core 7 is centered on the axis of tank 6 and its dimensions are such that there remains an annular space at its periphery, between itself and the bottom wall of tank 6 to allow the flow of the mixture.
  • the lower portion 6A of the tank 6 is conical and the core 7 is a straight cone disposed inside, pointing downwards, its flat base 7A forming the intermediate bottom.
  • the mixture leaving the mixer is collected in an ejection device 8 constituted by a conical casing 9 arranged at the top, with a flat base 10 and by a collection pipe 11 exiting flush with the base 10 tangentially to the conical casing 9 in the direction of rotation of the turbine 5 of the mixer.
  • the output flow of the mixture is regulated by a valve 12 mounted on the collection pipe 11.
  • This valve is constituted by a rigid cylindrical body 13, by an elastic inner sleeve 14 and by a fluid supply pipe 15 between the body rigid 13 and the sleeve 14; this fluid supply pipe 15 is connected to a supply of fluid, generally air; the pressure of said fluid can be adjusted so as to cause compression of the elastic sleeve, thus determining a certain state of closure of the valve 12.
  • a pressure modulation is produced of the fluid controlling the opening of said valve 12.
  • this modulation will be carried out using a pneumatic leakage control system associated with a force balance, the flail 16 of which, on one side carries the mixer M and on the other side ensures the calibration of a leak. of the pneumatic circuit.
  • This pneumatic circuit is supplied with compressed air by the conduit 17, one of its branches is connected to the pipe 15 for supplying control fluid to the valve 12, the other of its branches leads to a nozzle 18 which opens out to the free air and which carries out the leak between itself and the end of the plague 16.
  • the feed rates of the mixer M in plaster and water are adjusted to the volumes Po and Eo.
  • a residence time To of the plaster mixed in the tank of the mixer is chosen.
  • the mixer outlet is closed.
  • the turbine 5 of the mixer M is put into rotation.
  • Water is admitted into the mixer M with the flow rate Eo for the time To, then plaster with the flow rate Po also for a time To counted from the cut-off of the plaster feed.
  • simultaneously we open the water supply to the mixer always at the flow Eo, the plaster supply at the flow Po we open the mixer outlet to let the mixture flow by adjusting the output flow with the valve 12 so that the quantity of product in the mixer tank remains constant.
  • Pressure modulation of the valve control fluid is carried out.
  • the steady state is thus reached.
  • the liquid mixture of plaster and water with a fixed FLS fluidity measured as indicated above, which can be chosen to a value as low as 120, can be used in the casting device which is the subject of the invention which we now describe.
  • the continuous casting device shown as a whole in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises organs D for distributing the mixture, a casting head C which allows the plaster to be coated on a movable hearth S and optionally means R for introduction a reinforcement.
  • the distribution members D placed following the valve 12 following the mixer M, comprise a receiver 19, the exemplary embodiments of which are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a pump 20, possibly a distributor 21 including an example of embodiment is shown in Figure 4, piping 22.
  • the receiver 19 creates a load break at the outlet of the valve 12 and separates the mixer from the installation located downstream so as to allow the weighing of said mixer. It is, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the upper part of the half-tube 24 is a funnel and the half-tube 23 is equipped with a valve 23 ′ or with a valve in order to be able to completely cut off the flow leaving the mixer during the operations of start of mixing.
  • the pump 20 is a pump capable of operating without a load, capable of absorbing the entire flow rate of the mixer M, admitting a certain flow of air and leaving no dead zone.
  • a rotary gear or cam pump, or a plastic hose pump may be suitable, the hose being compressed by rollers or an eccentric cam which makes the mixture flow until the outlet of said pump.
  • the pump 20 can be connected directly to the casting head C by a pipe 22.
  • the distributor 21 (shown in Figure 4) has the shape of a funnel, connected by its narrow end 30 to the outlet of the pump 21, having its wide opening closed by a cover 31, with radial outlet tubes or distributor tubes 32 originating in the upper part of the wall of the funnel, near the cover 31.
  • the distributor tubes 32 will be arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the funnel and the distributor 21 will be arranged with said vertical axis. For reasons of investment briefly, the distributor tubes 32 will be inclined downward.
  • a distributor constituted by a funnel 40 mm high with a lid 40 mm in diameter and a small end 14 mm in diameter, provided with four distribution tubes. 8 mm in diameter starting at 10 mm from the cover, inclined 15 ° from the vertical.
  • Pipes 22 are connected to each distributor tube 32 to bring the mixture to the pouring head (s) C.
  • a casting head C shown in detail in FIG. 5, is arranged above a casting hearth S, a casting head C and the casting hearth S being movable relative to each other. For reasons of convenience, it is preferable to keep the casting head C and all the pipes which feed it stationary, and therefore to make the casting hearth mobile.
  • the casting hearth S is then produced by the movable belt of a conveyor, stainless metal band or rubber band. Side bands 33 having the same translational movement as the horizontal belt of the conveyor are arranged vertically on each side of said horizontal band.
  • a casting head C mainly comprises two barrier plates 34 and 35 forming with the casting hearth S and the lateral edges 33 a trough or reserve arranged transversely relative to the direction of advancement of the hearth S, the plate 34 being the downstream plate and the counterplate 35 being the upstream plate, the upstream and downstream being considered with respect to the direction of advance of the movable hearth.
  • the downstream plate 34 is provided, on its face external to the bucket, with a series of supply tubes 36 distributed over its entire length and passing through it to open inside said bucket.
  • Each of these supply tubes is in communication with the distribution tubes 32, either a distribution tube connected to a single supply tube, or a distribution tube connected by the intermediary of a branch 37 to two supply tubes, either two distribution tubes connected to a single supply tube 36.
  • the supply tubes are flared horizontally upon arrival through the downstream barrier plate 34.
  • Their height of arrival on said downstream plate 34, and their mutual spacing are a function of the conditions of use: flow rate of the mixture, fluidity of the mixture, height of the mixture inside the bucket; the distance separating the two plates 34 and 35 will likewise depend on the conditions of use of the device.
  • the downstream plate 35 will be raised relative to the casting hearth S so as to delimit a slot whose height, adjustable, is at most equal to the expected thickness of the plaster casting.
  • the two plates are provided with lateral rubber seals 38 which rub against the moving side edges 33 of the conveyor.
  • the upstream plate 35 may also have a seal 39 at its lower part, so as to provide a seal with the horizontal band S of the conveyor.
  • Each plate is surmounted by a vibrator 40, for example pneumatic vibrator, generator of a vertical vibration perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the casting hearth S.
  • Each plate 34 or 35 is fixed on two fixed lateral slides belonging to the frame general of the installation with brackets 41 at right angles, with the interposition of elastic stops 42.
  • Each plate 34 or 35 can be moved as desired along these two fixing slides, one independently of the other. Oblong holes in the vertical portion of the fixing lugs 41 allow an adjustment of the height of each of the plates 34 and 35.
  • the downstream plate 34 can be provided with a guide vane 44 approximately perpendicular to the plane of said plate, at the exterior of the trough constituted by the two dams 34 and 35. This guide vane preferably makes a small angle, of the order of 7 degrees (°), divergent, with the casting hearth S.
  • the upstream plate 35 may be equipped with a reinforcement positioner 45 making it possible to guide the introduction of a reinforcement inside or on the surface of the plaster panels. This positioner can be a flap 46A (FIGS.
  • This positioner 46A will then make an approximate angle of 45 ° with the plane of the casting hearth, but which in fact will depend on the position relative to the reinforcement barrier plates, for example. available in roll.
  • Another means facilitating the introduction of a reinforcement can be constituted by a rounded bead shown at 47 (FIG. 2 and 8B) covering the lower edge of the upstream barrier plate 35.
  • An identical bead, shown at 47 ′ on the FIG. 8C and 8G can also equip the lower edge of the downstream barrier plate 34.
  • An independent reinforcement positioner such as that shown at 49 in FIGS. 2 and 81 may include a curved oblique upstream section 49A identical to the flap 46A equipping the upstream plate 35 with a casting head C, a horizontal portion 49B and a guide vane 49C making a very small angle of approximately 7 ° with the plane of the casting hearth S, identical to the guide vane 44 of a casting head C.
  • An independent positioner can be a single oblique flap 46B in FIG. 8D, 50 in FIG. 8H, curved, identical to flap 46A equipping the rear plate with a casting head.
  • An independent positioner can also be constituted by a rounded bead parallel to the plane of the casting hearth and perpendicular to its direction of advance, or carried by a plate whose the plane is perpendicular to that of the casting hearth as shown in 51, FIG. 8J, either alone, formed of a simple bar maintained at a distance from the casting hearth equal to the height at which it is desired to introduce the reinforcement in the thickness of the products manufactured as shown in 48A, 48B and 48C in Figures 8E, 8F and 8K.
  • positioners of the types described above can be used simultaneously to introduce several reinforcements at different levels into a layer of plaster cast by a single casting head.
  • several casting heads, to which one or more positioners can be associated can succeed one another on the same production line for building panels; each casting head can then be independent, as shown in FIG. 2, or on the contrary dependent on the following, as shown in FIG. 9, the downstream plate of one of the casting heads constituting the upstream plate of the following head. It is thus possible to have a single casting head C, producing the construction panels at one time, or several successive casting heads C each pouring a strip of a certain thickness, the first directly on the casting hearth S, the following above the plaster strip already poured by the previous head or heads.
  • the casting device operates as described now.
  • a fluid plaster mixture is obtained in the mixer M, and its flow rate is adjusted by the control valve 12.
  • the mixture flows through the receiver 19.
  • the sprinkler 28 sends jets of water to wash any plaster splash inside said receiver 19. This washing water flows through the discharge orifices 29.
  • the lower tube 24 protruding inside the housing 25 above its bottom 26, this Wash water is not in contact with the mixture and does not change the mixing rate.
  • the mixture having passed through the receiver 19 is admitted into the pump 20.
  • the pump 20 makes it possible to propel the mixture to the various stations where it is to be used, sometimes distant from several tens of meters.
  • the mixture is either directed directly to a pouring head C, or sent to the multiple outlet distributor 21.
  • the distributor 21 the mixture first strikes the cover 31, then with regularity and continuity, it enters the radial distribution tubes 32.
  • the mixture moves in the pipes 22 with speed, which prevents solidification inside said pipes, then it arrives in the supply tubes 36 and it is distributed in the trough limited by the plate 34, the backing plate 35, the casting hearth S and the rubber side bands 33, against the direction of travel of the movable casting hearth S.
  • the distributor 21 allows, from '' a single mixing station, to feed with the same weight distribution all the zones of a casting head whatever the width, makes it possible to divide a single mixing vein into a plurality of smaller veins having the same overall flow, also allows to feed more their heads.
  • the mixture accumulates in the bucket, creating a homogeneous static charge.
  • the plaster jets arriving through the feed tubes 36 pass through the trough, strike the plywood 35, reflect there and execute a return path towards the downstream plate 34 and so on until they lose their energy . They thus create vortices which agitate the mixture and avoid the formation of dead zones.
  • the inlets of the supply tubes 36 through the downstream barrier plate 34 are flared in the horizontal direction, so as to cause the jets which exit therefrom an agitation distributed over a larger area, to limit agitation. in depth, to avoid splashing.
  • the sealing of the upstream barrier plate 35 with the casting hearth S in motion can be achieved with a seal 39, but advantageously, to prevent dead zones from forming in the corners of the trough adjacent to said plate, it is will tolerate a small leak under the plate. This will form a rear bead or heel shown in 35A in Figure 10, constantly renewed due to the continuous advance movement of the casting hearth, which con will contribute to the achievement of sealing.
  • the downstream barrier plate 34 is lifted, by sliding the screws which fix it to the legs 41 in the oblong holes 43, so as to create between it and the casting hearth a slot, of height e.
  • the static charge upstream of the dam produced by the plate 34 causes the mixture to extend on the casting hearth S through the slot thus produced.
  • this guide vane 44 then facilitates the retention of the load inside the bucket and avoids, when the level in said trough is very weak, that the agitation which must reign there is reflected on the other side of the downstream plate 34.
  • the plaster is deposited and does not solidify on the plates 34, 35, subjects them, using vibrators 40, to vertical vibrations perpendicular to the direction of advance of the casting hearth S.
  • the slot of height e is created under the downstream plate 34, and the spacing of the upstream plate 35 relative to the downstream plate is adjusted so as to have a stable level in the trough, suitable agitation, at a surface of the mixture in the trough covering the inlets through the tubes 36.
  • the mixture is made easier to renew in the corners adjacent to the upstream plate by slightly lifting said plate so as to have a mixing heel of approximately 5 centimeters (cm) in length at the end. 'back of the plate.
  • casting heads C can all be supplied with the same product or, on the contrary, can be supplied with different products, for example plaster mixtures of different densities, or mixtures, some of which contain finely reinforcing fibers. divided or cut, incorporated at the time of mixing.
  • One or more reinforcements 45 can be introduced into the manufactured plates, at different levels in their thickness and at different places in the production chain.
  • reinforcement we will designate all the materials that can be placed inside the plates or on their surface, whether they actually play the role of reinforcement to increase the resistance of said plates or that they serve as a covering for decoration as protection.
  • the invention deals only with the incorporation of reinforcements in strips or continuous, but it is obvious that one can also incorporate other non-continuous reinforcements such as cut or finely divided fibers.
  • reinforcement when reinforcement is involved, it can act as a ribbon of paper, cardboard, metallic film such as aluminum foil, glass veil, fabrics, organic nonwovens, continuous threads. , of sheets of continuous threads entangled with glass or the like.
  • These reinforcements can be placed upstream of a casting head by independent positioners as shown in Figure 8D and 8E.
  • Reinforcement for example provided in a roll, is stretched to the positioner, passed between said positioner and the casting hearth S and engaged under the casting head C. Caught in the plaster, it is then entrained, a continuous traction takes place on the roller which thus unwinds at the speed of the production line. It is thus possible to have a reinforcement, either on the lower surface of the plasterboard manufactured, by fixing the positioner in the immediate vicinity of the casting hearth, or in the thickness of the panel by fixing the positioner at a distance from the casting hearth equal to the height at which it is desired to place the reinforcement in said panel, said distance being however, at most equal to the smallest of the distances from which the upstream plate 35 and the downstream plate 34 are raised relative to the casting hearth.
  • reinforcements can thus be mixed in place at different heights using several independent positioners placed upstream of a casting head.
  • Reinforcements can also be introduced on the lower surface of the panels or in their thickness by having them guided by a positioner 46A, 47 secured to the upstream plate 35 as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the height of reinforcement in the thickness of the panel being however limited by the height of the pouring slot under the downstream plate.
  • the reinforcement helps to achieve sealing under the upstream plate 35 and permanently cleans the lower edge of said plate.
  • the positioner can be secured to the downstream plate 34 and the position of the reinforcement introduced under the upstream plate is then determined by the height of the slot under the downstream plate 34 (FIG. 8C).
  • the reinforcement which constantly rubs under the bottom edge of the downstream plate cleans said edge.
  • the reinforcement can also be introduced inside the trough between the two downstream 34 and upstream 35 plates.
  • the position of the reinforcement can then be determined by a bar-shaped positioner 48B as shown in FIG. 8F or by a bead 47 ' fitted to the downstream plate ( Figure 8G).
  • a reinforcement introduced by this technique must be as permeable as possible to the plaster so as to disturb the agitation as little as possible inside the bucket.
  • the front plate will be given a slightly domed shape (FIG. 10) and the reinforcement will be introduced inside the bucket by rubbing over the entire surface of said plate so as to clean it and better prevent very early solidification.
  • the reinforcement can also be introduced after the plaster layer has been poured, on the surface or in the thickness of the plaster. thanks to an independent positioner 48C, 49, 50, 51, placed after the casting head (figure 8H, I, J, K).
  • the reinforcement can be both porous and impermeable to the fluid plaster mixture.
  • it will preferably be porous to allow the fluid mixture to pass through, at the time of its installation, and to prevent the reinforced panel from having tendency to split along the reinforcement plane.
  • to ensure a good distribution of the reinforcement in the plaster mass good cohesion between the plaster and the reinforcement, to allow the reinforcement to be easily crossed by the plaster at the time of its installation, layers of continuous tangled threads.
  • the plaster tape once cast, advances on the movable pouring floor S, framed, by the lateral bands 33 until the plaster is sufficiently caught to be handled and cut.
  • the ribbon then passes over another conveyor.
  • the bands of the casting hearth and the lateral bands 33 are then cleaned during their return journey.
  • the products produced by the process and with the device described above can be made of plaster only or plaster reinforced with glass fiber for example; they can be used alone or in combination with other materials to serve as a covering film or facing plates. Thin plaster panels, less than 3 mm thick, reinforced with continuous glass fibers may be produced, possibly thicker panels, with or without a reinforcement improving the resistance, whether or not covered with a covering.
  • a plasterboard illustrated in FIG.
  • 11) which is particularly advantageous for its applications in the lining of insulated walls may be formed by a plaster thickness of the order of 6 mm, reinforced by a mat 100 of tangled continuous glass strands, said strands being enclosed above and below by a grid 101 and 102 of glass threads, limiting the expansion of threads tangled in the thickness of the plaster and preventing them from forming loops protruding from the faces of the plate or visible on said faces.
  • the same plate can be manufactured by replacing the mat 100 with cut fibers; the two grids 101 and 102 then enclosing said cut fibers.
  • a thin plaster film, on the order of a millimeter, can be poured to serve as a covering film for ceiling panels.
  • a glass wool ribbon may be placed on the plaster film which has just been cast, just downstream from the casting head, the plaster itself ensuring the connection with the glass wool during its setting. , or else the glass wool itself could serve as a casting sole.
  • Thicker plasterboards on the order of a centimeter, can be used as facing to form isolated lining partitions ( Figure 12). Until now such partitions were made up of a glass wool panel fitted with its paper vapor barrier glued with bitumen and by a reinforced plasterboard covered on the surface with cardboard paper.
  • the partition can only consist of a glass wool panel 103 without vapor barrier and therefore without bitumen and a plasterboard 104 reinforced with fiberglass without paper cardboard on the surface, the junction between glass wool and plaster can be ensured by gluing but preferably being ensured by the plaster itself which has become attached to the fibers during its setting.
  • Such lining walls have improved fire properties compared to the old partitions.
  • the densities of layers 105, 106, 107 can be 1000 kg / m3, 200 kg / m3 and 800 kg / m3.
  • the densities being chosen at will between 150 kg / m3 and 2000 kg / m3 and being obtained by a more or less significant addition of foaming agent, as known per se.
  • the process and the device of the invention make it possible to cast plaster, but also other evolving products, that is to say products whose physical or chemical characteristics change and a fortiori non-evolving or less evolving products, like cement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP79400078A 1978-02-08 1979-02-06 Procédé de fabrication d'un ruban ou de plaques de plâtre et plaques ainsi fabriquées Expired EP0003705B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7803475 1978-02-08
FR7803475A FR2416777A1 (fr) 1978-02-08 1978-02-08 Fabrication de plaques de platre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0003705A2 EP0003705A2 (fr) 1979-08-22
EP0003705A3 EP0003705A3 (en) 1979-09-05
EP0003705B1 true EP0003705B1 (fr) 1982-09-08

Family

ID=9204332

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400078A Expired EP0003705B1 (fr) 1978-02-08 1979-02-06 Procédé de fabrication d'un ruban ou de plaques de plâtre et plaques ainsi fabriquées

Country Status (22)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0003705B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPS54117521A (pt)
AT (1) AT368933B (pt)
AU (1) AU530008B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR7900755A (pt)
CA (1) CA1152297A (pt)
DE (1) DE2963631D1 (pt)
DK (1) DK45779A (pt)
ES (1) ES477527A1 (pt)
FI (1) FI67673C (pt)
FR (1) FR2416777A1 (pt)
GR (1) GR71691B (pt)
IE (1) IE47825B1 (pt)
IN (1) IN151170B (pt)
NO (1) NO152197C (pt)
NZ (1) NZ189596A (pt)
PH (1) PH17210A (pt)
PL (1) PL123799B1 (pt)
PT (1) PT69199A (pt)
TR (1) TR20975A (pt)
YU (1) YU27779A (pt)
ZA (1) ZA79520B (pt)

Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9296124B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2016-03-29 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distributor with a wiping mechanism, system, and method for using same
US9579822B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2017-02-28 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distribution system and method
US9999989B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2018-06-19 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distributor with a profiling mechanism, system, and method for using same
CN109496180A (zh) * 2016-08-05 2019-03-19 美国石膏公司 用于纤维-增强水泥板生产的流浆箱和成形站
US11173629B2 (en) 2016-08-05 2021-11-16 United States Gypsum Company Continuous mixer and method of mixing reinforcing fibers with cementitious materials

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2518448A2 (fr) * 1979-11-08 1983-06-24 Bohu Charles Procede pour la fabrication et l'execution d'elements prefabriques legers en platre et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
NL8006803A (nl) * 1980-12-16 1982-07-16 Moban Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van vlakke platen.
US4450022A (en) * 1982-06-01 1984-05-22 United States Gypsum Company Method and apparatus for making reinforced cement board
DE4017057C2 (de) * 1990-05-26 1999-11-04 Peter Breidenbach Lehmbauplatte und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
FI89092C (fi) * 1990-08-21 1993-08-10 Gesertek Oy Foerfarande foer framstaellning av en armerad betongkonstruktion
AT410115B (de) * 1996-12-17 2003-02-25 Schlagmann Baustoffwerke Gmbh Auftragsvorrichtung
US6508895B2 (en) 1998-09-09 2003-01-21 United States Gypsum Co Method of producing gypsum/fiber board
US7897079B2 (en) 2006-09-21 2011-03-01 United States Gypsum Company Method and apparatus for scrim embedment into wet processed panels
RU2599399C2 (ru) 2010-12-30 2016-10-10 Юнайтед Стэйтс Джипсум Компани Распределитель суспензии, система и способ для их использования
US10076853B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2018-09-18 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distributor, system, and method for using same
KR102081702B1 (ko) 2011-10-24 2020-02-26 유나이티드 스테이츠 집섬 컴파니 슬러리 분배 시스템용 유체 분할기
CA2851536C (en) 2011-10-24 2020-03-10 United States Gypsum Company Multiple-leg discharge boot for slurry distribution
US10293522B2 (en) 2011-10-24 2019-05-21 United States Gypsum Company Multi-piece mold and method of making slurry distributor
US10059033B2 (en) 2014-02-18 2018-08-28 United States Gypsum Company Cementitious slurry mixing and dispensing system with pulser assembly and method for using same
ITUA20161366A1 (it) * 2016-03-04 2017-09-04 Comec Srl Macchina per la produzione di lastre o tramezze in gesso e metodo per l’ottenimento delle stesse
US10272399B2 (en) 2016-08-05 2019-04-30 United States Gypsum Company Method for producing fiber reinforced cementitious slurry using a multi-stage continuous mixer
US11224990B2 (en) 2016-08-05 2022-01-18 United States Gypsum Company Continuous methods of making fiber reinforced concrete panels
CN106738214B (zh) * 2017-02-11 2022-07-15 安徽理工大学 一种相似模拟材料快速成型装置及应用方法
US11834374B2 (en) * 2018-04-19 2023-12-05 United States Gypsum Company Accelerator comprising starch, and related board, slurries, and methods
CN109927152B (zh) * 2019-04-25 2024-03-15 河北绿洲机械制造集团有限公司 纤维石膏板高速生产设备和加工工艺

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE350771A (pt) *
US1702730A (en) * 1924-04-21 1929-02-19 Universal Gypsum & Lime Co Wall product and apparatus for and method of making same
JPS5325339B2 (pt) * 1973-05-29 1978-07-26

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9296124B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2016-03-29 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distributor with a wiping mechanism, system, and method for using same
US9579822B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2017-02-28 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distribution system and method
US9999989B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2018-06-19 United States Gypsum Company Slurry distributor with a profiling mechanism, system, and method for using same
CN109496180A (zh) * 2016-08-05 2019-03-19 美国石膏公司 用于纤维-增强水泥板生产的流浆箱和成形站
US11173629B2 (en) 2016-08-05 2021-11-16 United States Gypsum Company Continuous mixer and method of mixing reinforcing fibers with cementitious materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL213287A1 (pt) 1979-11-05
BR7900755A (pt) 1979-08-28
IE790226L (en) 1979-08-08
AT368933B (de) 1982-11-25
PT69199A (fr) 1979-03-01
CA1152297A (en) 1983-08-23
DK45779A (da) 1979-08-09
JPS54117521A (en) 1979-09-12
FR2416777B1 (pt) 1982-11-05
NO790387L (no) 1979-08-09
FI67673C (fi) 1985-05-10
NO152197B (no) 1985-05-13
TR20975A (tr) 1983-03-08
AU4403179A (en) 1979-08-16
ZA79520B (en) 1980-04-30
IN151170B (pt) 1983-03-05
ATA97079A (de) 1982-04-15
IE47825B1 (en) 1984-06-27
EP0003705A2 (fr) 1979-08-22
PH17210A (en) 1984-06-19
AU530008B2 (en) 1983-06-30
GR71691B (pt) 1983-06-21
FR2416777A1 (fr) 1979-09-07
NZ189596A (en) 1983-05-10
FI790411A (fi) 1979-08-09
EP0003705A3 (en) 1979-09-05
DE2963631D1 (en) 1982-10-28
NO152197C (no) 1985-08-21
YU27779A (en) 1983-01-21
FI67673B (fi) 1985-01-31
ES477527A1 (es) 1979-06-16
PL123799B1 (en) 1982-11-30

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