Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
  • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
  • C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
  • Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
  • Y10T428/2991—Coated
  • Y10T428/2998—Coated including synthetic resin or polymer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
  • Y10T428/31667—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers, or aldehyde or ketone condensation product
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product

Definitions

• the invention relates to non-combustible insulation materials with a long fire resistance and reduced water absorption for construction and insulation purposes from inorganic light particles which are connected to one another by temperature-resistant, highly polymeric organic binders.
• the insulating material contains 0.2 to 4, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the mixture, of an alkylphenol / phenol / formaldehyde condensation product as additional binder C '.
• Such phenolic resins based on alkyl phenol act hydro- p hobierend to the insulating materials.
• the insulation materials according to the invention are non-combustible according to DIN 4102 and thus belong to building material class A; with an insulation thickness of 5 cm and planking on both sides with 3 mm asbestos cement, they have a high fire resistance duration and thus belong to resistance class W 90. They have a relatively low density, which is between 80 and 230, preferably between 120 and 180 g / l; this gives them very good thermal insulation properties.
• the inorganic light particles A used have an average particle diameter between 0.05 and 3 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 2 mm. Their bulk density is between 30 and 150, preferably between 40 and 80 g / l.
• Silicate materials are preferably used, such as water-insoluble alkali silicates with an SiO 2: Me 2 O 3 ratio of greater than 4.5: 1 or silicates of the 2nd and 3rd main group of the periodic table. Expanded pearlite or vermiculite are particularly preferred; However, expanded foam glass, fly ash or expanded plaster are also suitable.
• Perlite is a hydraulic aluminum silicate that is derived from rhyolite lava. It contains essentially 70 to 85% Si0 2 , 12 to 14% A1 2 0 3 and 2 to 3% water. Vermiculite is a hydraulic magnesium aluminum silicate with certain structure with a content of 8 to 12% MgO, 60 'to 65% Si0 2 , 6 to 12% A1 2 0 3 and 1 to 4% water.
• the insulation materials can optionally contain up to 40% by weight of fibrous or granular inorganic additives B.
• Fibrous additives improve the elastic modulus of the building materials.
• the fibers should have a length of 2 mm to 3 cm. Glass fibers which are used in amounts of 2 to 10% by weight and rock or mineral wool which are used in amounts of 5 to 30% by weight, based in each case on the total mixture, are preferred.
• Granular additives improve the strength of the building materials.
• the grains should have a diameter of ⁇ 100 / um. Talc or gypsum are preferred, which are used in amounts of 15 to 30% by weight, based on the total amount.
• the particles A and B are connected to one another by 1 to 20, preferably 8 to 20% by weight of a temperature-resistant, organic, high-molecular binder.
• the binders have a limiting temperature according to DIN 53 446 of greater than 100 o C, preferably of more than 150 ° C.
• the limit temperature is the temperature at which the substance in question can be stored in air for 25,000 hours without its properties changing noticeably.
• curable binder precursors are expediently used in the form of aqueous dispersions or solutions which, if appropriate, can contain small amounts of conventional dispersion stabilizers, crosslinking agents, catalysts, leveling agents or other additives.
• Organic polycondensates or poly- Adducts are used which harden at elevated temperatures, possibly in the presence of crosslinking agents or crosslinking catalysts with further condensation or crosslinking to give the high-temperature-resistant high-molecular binder. Since the curing of resins based on alkylphenol should only exceed temperatures of 200 ° C for a short time, binders with low curing temperatures are particularly suitable.
• polyesterimides polyurethanes, polyesters, melamine / formaldehyde resins and in particular phenol / formaldehyde resins are particularly suitable.
• the starting materials can - preferably in the presence of solvents - either be condensed together or pre-condensates can be used, e.g. Diimide dicarboxylic acids from 2 moles of trimellitic anhydride and 1 mole of a diprimeric aromatic amine.
• the polyesterimides are present in the aqueous dispersions in particle form with average particle diameters below 50, preferably below 5 / um. They generally contain 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.1 to 3,% by weight of dispersing aids, in particular high-polymer organic substances containing polar groups, such as, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose ethers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, partially saponified copolymers of acrylic esters and acrylonitrile ; copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl propionate are preferred. They also contain crosslinking catalysts in amounts of 0.5 to 5% by weight, for example oxotitenates, triethanolamine titanate, titanium lactate or titanium oxalate. They can also contain leveling agents, thickeners, antithioxotropic agents and neutralizing agents. During curing, further condensation and crosslinking of the polyester imides occurs.
• Polyurethanes are also suitable as binders.
• Polyurethanes are polyadducts made from polyisocyanates and hydroxyl-containing polyesters or polyethers. Aqueous dispersions of starting materials forming polyurethanes are described in DT-OS 2 537 207. The raw materials are
• Aromatic polyisocyanates which are capped with a phenol or a lactam are particularly suitable.
• the dispersed particles have a diameter between 0.05 and 2 / ⁇ m; the dispersion again preferably contains dispersing agents. When hardening, the capping agent is split off and the released polyisocyanate can crosslink with the hydroxyl groups of the polyester or polyether with a polyurethane bond.
• Crosslinked polyesters are also suitable, preferably those based on aromatic dicarboxylic acids.
• aqueous dispersions or solutions which contain the uncrosslinked or only slightly crosslinked polyester together with polyols as crosslinking agents. During curing, further condensation occurs with crosslinking.
• Crosslinked melamine / formaldehyde and phenol / formaldehyde resins are also suitable.
• Pre-condensates made of melamine, phenol or cresol with formaldehyde with molecular weights between approximately 400 and 800 are used here.
• Aqueous solutions of phenol / formaldehyde condensates are particularly advantageously used.
• the binders C 'to be added according to the invention are condensation products of an alkylphenol, phenol and formaldehyde. They are produced by base-catalyzed condensations of alkylphenol, phenol and formaldehyde in aqueous solution in the presence of an emulsifier and a protective colloid. A suitable manufacturing process is described, for example, in DT-OS 23 30 815. Alkylphenols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical are preferably used, octylphenol and nonylphenol are particularly suitable.
• the molar ratio of phenol to alkylphenol can vary n wide limits between 5: 1 and 1: 5, preferably between 2: 1 and 1: 2;
• the molar ratio of formaldehyde to the sum of phenol + alkylphenol can be higher than in DT-OS 23 30 815, it is preferably between 2.3: 1 and 1.6: 1.
• the method of production is somewhat different, depending on whether they contain fibrous additives or not.
• the light particles are sprayed with an approximately 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 10 percent by weight aqueous dispersion or solution of the binder precursor, the particles being kept in motion in conventional mixing machines. It is a particular advantage of using aqueous binder systems that a particularly fine and uniform distribution of light particles and binder is obtained.
• the product may become mechanical freed from part of the water and then pressed into plates in the moist state in conventional presses at pressures of about 1 to 10 kp / cm 2 . These are then heated further, with further condensation and crosslinking taking place with the formation of the temperature-resistant organic high-molecular binder.
• the fibers are first suspended in water, which contains surface-active substances dissolved as conventional disintegrants, with stirring. Then the binder dispersions or solutions and the light particles are added and mixed vigorously. The majority of the water is sucked off on a sheet former common in the paper industry. After pressing gently, the plate is dried and, if necessary, the crosslinking is carried out.
• the insulation materials according to the invention can be glued with conventional cover layers, such as asbestos cement, plasterboard or metal sheets, and processed into sandwich elements. They are suitable for the production of non-load-bearing walls, ceilings and floors; however, they can also be used to coat load-bearing walls, ceilings and floors or in warehouses or cold stores as a heat-insulating layer that prevents the passage of fire.
• cover layers such as asbestos cement, plasterboard or metal sheets
• 1035 parts of a 14% aqueous solution of polyvinyl 'alcohol are homogenised with 400 parts of water, 288 parts of an ethoxylated octylphenol, and 200 parts of 25% ammonia with stirring Then 846 parts of phenol, 1854 parts of octylphenol (molar ratio of formaldehyde to. Total phenol 2: 1) and 2700 parts of one 40% aqueous solution of formaldehyde was added and heated to reflux with vigorous stirring for about 4 hours. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature with further stirring. A homogeneous, stable dispersion is obtained with a dry content (2 hours at 120 ° C.) of 50%, a viscosity at 20 ° C. of 600 mPas and a pH of 8.0.
• the glued material is compressed in a conventional press apparatus with a pressure of about 2.5 to 3.0 kp / cm 3 to give a compact with a density of 200 g / l and then heated to a temperature of about 150 ° C., the binder hardening .
• a 50 mm thick insulation board shows a water absorption of 5 vol% in the 24 hour immersion test according to DIN 53 428.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6011132

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (22)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 1977
  • 1977-06-10 DE DE19772726105 patent/DE2726105A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1978
  • 1978-05-25 US US05/909,193 patent/US4190547A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1978-06-06 EP EP78100098A patent/EP0000056B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-06 DE DE7878100098T patent/DE2857615D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-08 IT IT49771/78A patent/IT1104732B/it active
  • 1978-06-09 AT AT0421078A patent/AT367384B/de active

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events