EP0000016B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Allophanatgruppen aufweisenden Polyisocyanaten und ihre Verwendung als Aufbaukomponente - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Allophanatgruppen aufweisenden Polyisocyanaten und ihre Verwendung als Aufbaukomponente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000016B1
EP0000016B1 EP78100028A EP78100028A EP0000016B1 EP 0000016 B1 EP0000016 B1 EP 0000016B1 EP 78100028 A EP78100028 A EP 78100028A EP 78100028 A EP78100028 A EP 78100028A EP 0000016 B1 EP0000016 B1 EP 0000016B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groups
polyisocyanates
mol
isocyanate
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78100028A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000016A1 (de
Inventor
Manfred Dr. Bock
Josef Dr. Pedain
Wilhelm Dr. Slawyk
Klaus Dr. König
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Publication of EP0000016A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000016A1/de
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Publication of EP0000016B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000016B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/80Masked polyisocyanates
    • C08G18/8003Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/8054Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen with compounds of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/8058Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen with compounds of C08G18/38 with compounds of C08G18/3819
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C273/00Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C273/18Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted ureas
    • C07C273/1809Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted ureas with formation of the N-C(O)-N moiety
    • C07C273/1836Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted ureas with formation of the N-C(O)-N moiety from derivatives of carbamic acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78Nitrogen
    • C08G18/7806Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups
    • C08G18/7818Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups containing ureum or ureum derivative groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78Nitrogen
    • C08G18/7806Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups
    • C08G18/7818Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups containing ureum or ureum derivative groups
    • C08G18/7837Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups containing ureum or ureum derivative groups containing allophanate groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new process for the production of new allophanate organic polyisocyanates having at least three isocyanate groups and their use as a structural component in the production of polyurethane plastics.
  • Organic polyisocyanates containing allophanate groups and having aliphatic bound isocyanate groups have become known, for example, from GB-PS 994 890. According to this patent, polyisocyanates containing urethane groups from simple mono- or polyhydric alcohols and organic polyisocyanates, in particular diisocyanates, are reacted by heating to elevated temperatures for several hours or, in the presence of catalysts, with further amounts of organic polyisocyanates, preferably diisocyanates, to form the allophanate groups-containing polyisocyanates.
  • a disadvantage of this process, in addition to the use of catalysts is in particular the long heating time during the allophanatization reaction, which generally leads to discolored reaction products.
  • Hydroxyalkyl radicals mean and the radicals R 3 and R s together with the two carbon atoms of the basic structure can also form a cycloaliphatic ring.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the polyisocyanates produced by this process as a structural component in the production of polyurethane plastics by the isocyanate polyaddition process.
  • the compounds containing hydroxyl groups which are essential to the invention and are to be used in the process according to the invention are preferably those of the formula mentioned in which.
  • R 1 and R 2 represent the same or different radicals and are hydrogen, C 2 ⁇ C 18 -, in particular C 2 ⁇ C 6 -hydroxyalkyl groups, C 1 ⁇ C 18 - in particular C 1 ⁇ C 4 alkyl groups or C 4 ⁇ C 15 C 6 -C 10 cycloalkyl groups, in which at least one of the radicals R 1 or R 2 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyalkyl group,
  • R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R e represent the same or different radicals and are hydrogen, C 1 ⁇ C 13 - in particular C 1 ⁇ C 12 -alkyl groups or C 1 ⁇ C 18 - in particular C 1 ⁇ C 2 -hydroxyalkyl groups , wherein the radicals R 3 and R 5 together with the two carbon atoms of the backbone can also represent a cycloaliphatic ring with 5-6 carbon atoms, and wherein at least two of the radicals R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R e represent hydrogen.
  • the compounds of the general formula mentioned which contain essential hydroxyl groups can easily be obtained by reacting compounds of the formula having amino groups with cyclic carbonates of the formula be preserved.
  • R t to Rg have the meaning given above.
  • suitable compounds containing amino groups are ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, butylamine, sec-butylamine, isobutylamine, tert-butylamine, pentylamine, tert-pentylamine, hexylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, hexadecylamine, hexadecylamine, hexadecylamine, 2-propenylamine, cyclohexylamine, 2 (or 3, or 4) - methylcyclohexylamine, aminomethylcyclohexylamine, 3,3,5 - trimethylcyclohexylamine, 2 - norbornylmethylamine, 2 - aminoethanol, 3 - amino-1-propanol, 1-amino-2-propanol, 4 -
  • the compounds containing hydroxyl groups essential to the invention are generally prepared at 20 to 100 ° C., preferably 30 to 50 ° C., by reacting equimolar amounts of the compounds containing amino groups mentioned by way of example with the cyclic carbonates mentioned by way of example.
  • Any organic polyisocyanates are suitable for the process according to the invention.
  • Examples include ethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4 - (2,4,4) - trimethylhexymethylene diisocyanate - 1,6, 1,12 - dodecane diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate - C 1 ⁇ C 8 - alkyl ester, cyclobutane 1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane, 1,3- and -1,4-diisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers, 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotoluenediisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers, 3,3'-dimethyl-4 , 4 '- diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4' - diiso
  • Hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-tri are preferred methyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate) was used.
  • the process according to the invention is carried out in the temperature range from 90-200 ° C., preferably 100-180 ° C.
  • the reactants are used in proportions which correspond to an NCO / OH equivalent ratio of at least 4: 1, preferably 6: 1 to 25: 1.
  • the process according to the invention can also be carried out in two stages in the same way, the starting components being stirred together at room temperature and then being heated together to the above-mentioned temperature range of 100-180 ° C.
  • a solvent which is inert to isocyanates e.g. Ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene or xylene is possible.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably carried out without solvents.
  • the process products are viscous, colorless to yellow colored polyisocyanates, which are liquid at room temperature or are present as solid hard resins. They are completely odorless and clearly soluble in solvents which are inert to NCO groups, such as hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters and ketones.
  • urethane groups initially form from the hydroxyl groups of the compound having essential hydroxyl groups and part of the isocyanate groups of the diisocyanate.
  • These polyisocyanates thus containing intermediate urethane groups already form in the temperature range between 50 and 100 ° C. and can be isolated with appropriate temperature control, since at these temperatures essentially no allophanatization occurs.
  • At a higher temperature, above 100 ° C further diisocyanate is added to the urethane groups to form allophanates.
  • urethanization of the OH function and allophanatization proceed non-selectively and side by side.
  • polyisocyanate containing urethane groups in the temperature range between 50 and 100 ° C using an NCO / OH equivalent ratio of 1: 1, which polyisocyanate has either only aliphatic or exclusively cycloaliphatic isocyanate groups, followed by the allophanatization reaction in the temperature range from 100-180 ° C, in particular 110-150 ° C using excess amounts of a cycloaliphatic or aliphatic diisocyanate.
  • the excess diisocyanate which may still be present can be separated off by distillation, for example in thin-film evaporators, after the reaction according to the invention.
  • the process products according to the invention reproduce valuable starting materials for the production of polyurethane plastics the isocyanate polyaddition process, in particular for the production of one- or two-component polyurethane lacquers.
  • the process products according to the invention are also particularly suitable for producing polyurethane stoving lacquers.
  • Preferred reactants for the process products according to the invention are the polyhydroxy polyesters, polyhydroxy polyacrylates known per se in polyurethane lacquer technology and optionally low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohols. Suitable reactants of this type are described, for example, in DT-AS 2 304 893.
  • the proportions in which the optionally blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention and the reactants mentioned are reacted in the production of polyurethane lacquers are generally chosen so that 0.8-3, preferably 0.9-1, to an (optionally blocked) isocyanate group 1, hydroxyl, amino, mercapto and / or carboxyl groups are eliminated.
  • the catalysts customary in isocyanate chemistry, such as, for example, tert.
  • Amines such as triethylamine, pyridine, methylpyridine, benzyldimethylamine, N, N-dimethylaminocyclohexane, N-methylpiperidine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N, N '- endoethylene piperazine, N, N' - dimethylpiperazine etc.
  • metal salts such as iron (III) chloride , zinc chloride, zinc - 2 - äthylcaproat, tin (II) - 2 - äthylcaproat, dibutyltin (IV) - dilaurate, molybdenum, etc .. d ssenlykolat
  • NCO groups are accounted for by one OH group.
  • paint binders with free NCO groups are created, which harden in moist air to form hard, shiny and high-quality coatings.
  • the catalysts mentioned can also be used in one-component paints.
  • the NCO groups are blocked in whole or in part in a known manner.
  • the polyisocyanate is treated with a suitable blocking agent, preferably at elevated temperature (e.g. 40 to 140 ° C), optionally in the presence of a suitable catalyst, e.g. tert.
  • a suitable blocking agent preferably at elevated temperature (e.g. 40 to 140 ° C)
  • a suitable catalyst e.g. tert.
  • Amines, metal salts such as zinc - 2 - ethyl caproate, tin (II) - 2 - ethyl caproate, dibutyl tin (IV) - dilaurate or alkali metal phenolate.
  • the paints and coatings can be in solvent-free liquid form or in solution or from the melt, or in solid form by the customary methods, e.g. Brushing, rolling, pouring, spraying, the vortex sintering process or the electrostatic powder spraying process are applied to the object to be coated.
  • the lacquers containing the polyisocyanates according to the invention give films which adhere surprisingly well to metallic substrates, are particularly lightfast, stable to heat colors and very resistant to rubbing and, if they are used in air-drying lacquers, dry particularly quickly, even at temperatures around 0.degree. In addition, they are characterized by great hardness, elasticity, excellent chemical resistance, high gloss, excellent weather resistance and good pigmentability.
  • homologue mixtures are used as reactants for the diisocyanates when carrying out the process according to the invention, which mixtures are obtained as such during their preparation.
  • the homolog mixture used in Example 2 consists of N - (2-hydroxyethyl) 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl carbamate and N - (2-hydroxyethyl) 2-hydroxy-2-methylethyl carbamate in the reaction of 2-aminoethanol and 4 - methyl - 1,3 - dioxolan - 2 - one.
  • the methyl substituent can be in either the 1- or the 2-position.
  • the stability of the polyisocyanates shown is checked by annealing at 50 ° C. for several weeks and then analyzing the samples for their content of monomeric isocyanate by gas chromatography.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
EP78100028A 1977-06-04 1978-06-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Allophanatgruppen aufweisenden Polyisocyanaten und ihre Verwendung als Aufbaukomponente Expired EP0000016B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772725318 DE2725318A1 (de) 1977-06-04 1977-06-04 Verfahren zur herstellung von allophanatgruppen aufweisenden polyisocyanaten
DE2725318 1977-06-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000016A1 EP0000016A1 (de) 1978-12-20
EP0000016B1 true EP0000016B1 (de) 1980-07-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100028A Expired EP0000016B1 (de) 1977-06-04 1978-06-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Allophanatgruppen aufweisenden Polyisocyanaten und ihre Verwendung als Aufbaukomponente

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4177342A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0000016B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS543013A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2725318A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES470460A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT7849672A0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES470460A1 (es) 1979-01-01
JPS543013A (en) 1979-01-11
JPS6123807B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1986-06-07
US4177342A (en) 1979-12-04
EP0000016A1 (de) 1978-12-20
DE2725318A1 (de) 1978-12-14
IT7849672A0 (it) 1978-06-02
DE2860034D1 (en) 1980-11-13

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