EA007727B1 - An improved pivot window with at least one auxiliary opening device and check means - Google Patents

Abstract

The sash (2) of the window is connected with the frame (1) by means of a hinge device including a set of pivot hinges (12) defining a hinge axis of the window. The hinges are mounted in such a position that the hinge axis is situated between a centre line of the window and the top or bottom of the window. The window is provided with at least one auxiliary opening device, preferably at least one pressure medium operated cylinder with an operating rod. At least one hinge comprises check means restricting the movement of the window.

Description

The invention relates to a window comprising a frame and a window leaf, which is connected to the frame by means of a hinge device defining the hinge axis of the window, the frame and the window leaf each including a first pair of mutually opposite elements and a second pair of mutually opposite elements, a hinge device connecting the corresponding frame and the window sash element of the second pair of frame and sash, and the center line, determined essentially by the middle of the path between one and the other elements of said first n ry.

Swivel or pivot windows have found widespread acceptance, especially as skylights, also because this type of window contributes to easy window cleaning, such as a casement window containing glass that can be rotated essentially 180 °, for cleaning the outer surface of the glass from the inside of the building. An additional advantage of this type of window is that it can be fully open to the position in which the window sash is rotated approximately 90 °, in which position the air intake is essentially unlimited. Ultimately, the pivoting window provides for a light action, partly due to the location of the acting means on the top element of the window sash, partly due to the fact that the weight of the window sash is mainly balanced by the hinge axis located close to the center line of the window.

On the other hand, the opening area, bounded by the lower part of the frame and the side elements and the intersection with the window sash, including the window glass on the hinge axis, is, of course, significantly less than in the top window of the same size. This causes, moreover, that the pivoting window is not used or is only rarely used when a large opening area is required, as defined above.

Such required applications may, for example, include using a window as an emergency exit or emergency approach.

In the prior art there are numerous examples of windows in which they tried to combine the advantages of top-hung and pivoting windows.

In publications EP 679774, 679775, 679776 and 972885, a window is opened in each in which the window sash is carried in an auxiliary frame or a set of levers. The auxiliary frame or each lever at one end is pivotally connected with the upper frame element and at the other end with a window sash. The sash is also connected to the frame by means of an interacting sliding means. In this case, the window can serve as a top-hung window, in which the levers move synchronously with the window sash, which thus rotates around a hinge on the top frame member, or as an inclined window. However, due to the required heterogeneous purpose of the window, the design is rather complicated.

The object of the present invention is to create a window in which the advantages of a top-hung and pivoting window are combined, but which at the same time has a simple structure that can be manufactured in a cost-effective way and which is convenient to use.

This task is achieved by creating a window of the type described earlier, which, moreover, is different in that the hinge device contains a set of pivotal hinges installed in such a position that the hinge axis is placed between the center line and one element of the first pair mentioned, and the window additionally contains at least one auxiliary opening device as well as a stop means limiting the movement of the window during its opening and / or closing.

By moving the hinge axis towards one frame element and the window sash, respectively, i.e. towards the upper part or lower part of the window, a substantially larger opening is achieved, and at the same time, the window is convenient to operate. For example, the same pivot hinge used in an existing pivot window may be placed in a different position of the frame and sash sliding elements. Due to the greater disclosure, it becomes possible to use the window as an emergency exit. In a traditional pivot window, this would also require the selection of a larger window model, which is not always feasible or desirable, or a top-hung window with the disadvantages listed above.

An additional advantage of moving the hinge axis to a position above the center line is that the upper part of the window protruding into the room behind the window becomes smaller. This causes, for example, that the risk of hitting someone’s head on the window decreases. In addition, this is an advantage when blinds or curtains are used after they can now be applied even when the window is open for ventilation or ventilation without having to pass through the protruding upper part of the sash.

Moving the hinge axis, however, means that the weight of the two parts of the window sash and the glass lying on each side of the hinge axis when the window is in its open position is not the same, and due to the gravity forces of most of the window sash and glass will pull way down. If the hinge axis moves upwards in a traditional pivot window, the window will thus tend to tilt back against the closed position. In accordance with the invention, therefore, the window is additionally provided with an auxiliary opening device, which

- 1 007727 roy helps to overcome the extra weight to lift most of the weight of the window during its movement.

The auxiliary opening devices may, however, make it difficult or impossible to maintain the window in the half-open position and the window in accordance with the invention, therefore, is described below with a means of stopping. The stop tool restricts the movement of the window, making it easier to control the window during its operation, but the braking action should never be such that the window is locked or locked.

At first glance, this use of an auxiliary opening device and means of stopping, which oppose one another, seems inconvenient, but unexpectedly the possibility of a convenient impact on the windows was discovered. Even if the window is in the fully open position, making it possible to use it as an emergency exit, it can be locked without the use of additional tools, such as racks. Additionally, the window can even be closed from this fully open, locked position manually without undue effort by the user.

When necessary, both the fixture of the auxiliary opening device and the stopping power of the stop means may vary, i.e. they may have characteristics that make it possible for each of them, for example, to work only in certain opening intervals.

In a preferred embodiment of the window according to the invention, one end of said auxiliary opening device is connected to the upper or side face of one of the frame elements of the second pair, and the other end of the auxiliary opening device is connected to the side or bottom face of the corresponding window sash element. Such an auxiliary opening device may include at least one cylinder of pressurized working medium with lever gear. This is a structurally simple and inexpensive opening device that can be connected to the frame and sash in a simple way.

In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary opening device comprises two cylinders placed one on each side of the window. This seems to be a well balanced construction and creates the possibility of using two relatively cheap standard-type cylinders instead of, for example, one more powerful cylinder. Additionally, the use of two smaller cylinders gives the window a light and symmetrical appearance and may thus be aesthetically preferable. This is especially the case when the two cylinders are essentially identical, but in special cases when a special window opening is required, two cylinders can also be used which create different forces and / or have different characteristics.

Other types of auxiliary opening devices, such as chain openers, may also be preferred. Especially when the window is equipped with automatic or semi-automatic opening. To allow the sash to move outside the range created by the cylinder and the lever gear, the connection between the cylinder and the frame can be detachable.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one element of the second pair of frame and / or elements of the window casements is provided with a cut-out that allows the auxiliary opening device to move during the movement of the window. Making such cutouts additionally creates the possibility of the auxiliary opening device being at least partially hidden when viewed from the room behind the window.

Alternatively, the auxiliary opening device may comprise a spring connected to the hinge device. This design makes it possible to place the auxiliary opening device almost completely hidden.

The stop means may be an integrated part of at least one of said hinges, whereby they can be completely hidden and weatherproof. Preferably they comprise a spring element acting on one or more parts of the pivot hinge.

The stop means providing smooth resistance when moving the window will be adequate for most uses. However, if for example strong winds are to be expected, preferably the stop means creates an opportunity for the window to be fixed in one or more predetermined positions. For example, only a slightly open vent position, a more open ventilation position and a fully open emergency exit position.

One way of implementing such locking positions is to make the spring element with one or more locking positions when other parts of the hinge can come into particularly close contact with it.

Alternatively, the stopping means may be a cylinder acting under pressure from the working medium or some other means restricting the movement of the window.

Preferably, the hinge axis is located in the interval between 1/3 and 2/3 of the segment between the center line and said one element of said first pair. It provides good equals

- 2 007727 a weight between a relatively large opening, on the one hand, and the satisfactory usability of a window on the other. An implementation option, when the hinge axis is approximately 1/4 of the segment between the center line and one element of the first pair may be particularly preferred.

For aesthetic reasons as well as weather protection, an auxiliary opening device and / or said stopping means may be placed at least partially in a covert manner. One way to achieve this is to place said auxiliary opening device and / or said stopping device between the frame and / or the window sash and at least one coating protecting one or both of them from the weather. The coating is a necessary part of any window and the concealment and protection of the auxiliary opening device and / or means of stopping is therefore achieved without adding additional parts to the window. Windows with such spatially lower surfaces are already known from installation, for example, blinds devices.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawings, in which is shown in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a window in accordance with the invention;

in fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a window in accordance with the invention;

in fig. 3a and 3b are a side view of an embodiment of a window according to the invention;

in fig. 4 is a perspective view of a frame having cutouts for holding two auxiliary opening devices, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the hinge with the stop means according to the invention.

The window shown in FIG. 1 comprises a frame 1 with a first and second pair of mutually opposite frame elements. The first pair consists of one element in the form of the upper element 3 and another element in the form of the lower element 4. The two elements of the second pair are side elements 5 and 6, each passing between the upper and lower elements 3 and 4, to form an essentially rectangular frame 1, intended to be embedded, for example, in a sloping roof (not shown). The window sash, generally designated 2, is created in a similar way with the top element 7, the bottom element 8 and the side elements 9, 10. Window glass 11 of any kind is inserted into the frame, for example, an insulating unit.

The window sash 2 is connected to the frame 1 by means of a hinge device, which in the embodiment shown contains a set of hinges, of which one hinge 12 is shown in FIG. 1, on the respective side elements 5 and 9, and 6 and 10, respectively, of the frame 1 and the window sash 2. The hinge kit can be made, for example, as disclosed in European patent no. 1038083, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Each hinge 12 thus includes a first element for connecting with a side element 5, 6 of the frame and a second element for connecting with a side element 9, 10 of the window leaf of the second pair, and the hinge 12 includes cooperating axes and guides, as disclosed in the above European patent. The use of a pivot hinge, in particular with interacting axes and guides, makes it possible to arrange the overlap between the window sash and frame in the closed position of the window, without the use of complex devices, such as lever mechanisms. This is a particularly important feature in roof windows. Several other parts of the traditional pivot window can simply be transferred to the window in accordance with the invention, possibly after a slight adaptation. This includes, by the way, some of the parts of the cover, those that protect the frame and the casement, which are traditionally made of wood, from the weather.

As shown in FIG. 2, a set of hinges 12 defines a hinge axis 13 extending substantially perpendicular to the plane in FIG. 2. The hinges 12 are located between the upper elements 3 and 7 of the frame 1 and the window sash 2, respectively, and the center line 14 of the window. The center line 14 is located essentially in the middle of the path between the upper and lower elements 3 and 4 of the frame 1, corresponding essentially to the position in the middle of the path between the upper and lower elements 7 and 8 of the window sash 2. The position of the hinge axis 13 is selected by a suitable balance between ease of movement the window and the required opening, defined by the lower element 4, the side elements 5 and 6, and the intersection of the window sash 2, which includes glass 11 and the hinge axis 13. Preferably, the segment between the hinge axis 13 and the center line 14 window is in the interval between 1/3 and 2/3 of the segment between the center line 14 and the upper element 3 of the frame 1.

To move the window from the closed position to the open position, for example, the ventilating position, an active means is provided. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the active means comprises a rod 15 on the top element 7 of the window sash. In a manner well known per se, the thrust 15 includes an engagement means for engaging with the engagement means on the upper frame member 3.

The pivot axis 13 moves away from the center line 14, the flap 2 is not balanced relative to the frame 1, which occurs in the case of a traditional pivoting window. Force driven by

- 3 007727 when opening a window in accordance with the invention, is thus larger than in a traditional window. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3a and 3b, an auxiliary opening device is provided. In this embodiment, only the differences with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2 will be described in detail. Elements having the same or similar function as in the embodiment of FIG. 2 are indicated by the same reference numerals, to which 100 are added. The auxiliary opening device 120 includes a cylinder 124 operating under the pressure of the working medium with a lever gear 123.

FIG. 3a, the cylinder 124 is rotationally connected to the side frame member 106 at 122, and at 121 the linkage thrust 123 is rotationally connected to the side sash element 110. However, as shown in FIG. 3b, cylinder 124 'may also be connected to the rising outer surface 101' of the frame or notch 130 'there. Similarly, linkage thrust 123 ′ may also be connected to the side surface of the sash 102 ′.

An opening device corresponding to one in FIG. 3a and fig. 3b may be placed on opposite side frame members and a window sash with two opening devices, preferably, but not necessarily, having the same strength and characteristics.

If, for example, the fixture is particularly necessary at the beginning and at the end of the uncovering movement, but not in the middle, two devices operating mainly at the beginning and at the end, respectively, can be applied.

The auxiliary opening device 120, 120 ', FIG. 3a and 3b are shown placed between the side frame elements 106, 110 and the casement, respectively, but it should be understood that it can also be placed between the top members 103, 107 or the bottom members 104, 108 of the frame and the casement, respectively. Additionally, the device could also be placed in other positions relative to the side elements, for example, closer to the lower part of the window. The latter may be appropriate when using a cylinder operating under pressure of the working medium as a longer stroke, creating the possibility of using a less accurate and thus cheaper cylinder. The auxiliary opening means could, however, be arranged taking into account the type of device used, the aesthetics of the window, and so on.

The effective means of this embodiment comprises a handle 115 placed on the element 108 of the lower part of the window sash. The action of the handle 115 means the engagement element 108 of the lower part of the window sash engages and disengages with the corresponding engagement means on the element 104 of the lower part of the frame. The cylinder 124 and the lever gear 123 provide an additional moment, which helps to rotate the window sash 102 relative to the frame 101.

As shown more clearly in FIG. 4, each of the frame members 205, 206 of the second pair, to which the auxiliary opening devices are to be attached, is provided with a recess 230. This makes it possible for the opening device to be attached to the side surface 231, as indicated by the hole 222 or to the ascending outer surface 232 of the frame without the requirement of a gap between the frame and the sash (not shown). When the window is in the closed position, a full cylinder (not shown) will be held in the recess, and during opening of the window it will rotate out of the recess, as shown in FIG. 3 a and 3b.

FIG. 4, the notch 230 is located relatively close to the hinge 212. This causes that when viewed from the inside of the building in which the window is mounted, the cylinder (not shown) will remain at least partially hidden during a large opening area. The view from the window will not, therefore, be significantly impaired by the placement of auxiliary opening devices.

It should be noted that the cylinder of the auxiliary opening device could alternatively be connected to the sash element, and the thrust lever with the frame element, just like the exact position of the auxiliary opening device can change.

As an additional alternative, the auxiliary opening device may comprise a spring, such as, for example, a torsion spring connected to a hinge device.

FIG. 5 shows a possible embodiment of a hinge for use in a window in accordance with the invention. The hinge contains two main hinge elements 301 and 302, intended for installation on the frame and the casement, respectively. Frame mounted hinge

301 is a leaf spring 303. When used, the axis 305 on the hinge element

The 302 flap will move along the spring 303 and due to the limited space between the spring and the guide 306 located above the spring in FIG. 5, the axis will be pressed against the spring. The spring thus constantly actuates the pressure on the axis, causing the window to stop. The window can thus be left in any desired position and will remain there regardless of the action of gravity.

The stiffness of the spring must be strong enough to hold the window in the desired position. The impact of the spring should thus correspond to the effect of gravity on the part of the window sash and glass, not balanced by the corresponding part on the opposite side of the hinge axis, the effect of the spring, therefore, corresponds to the gravitational effect on

- 4 007727 half window sash and glass, when the hinge axis is located on 1/4 of the segment between the center line and one of the elements of the sash.

Preferably, the spring should also be able to hold the window in a position against the forces of the wind. For this, the spring stiffness must be even stronger than the above. Alternatively, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the spring 303 can also be performed with a number of recesses 304. When one of these recesses is reached, the axis 305 will sit in the recess and additional force, therefore, must be activated to move the window somewhere else. The force required to remove the axis from the recess should be large enough to prevent the window from moving by normal wind forces, but nevertheless it should be possible for the window user to overcome this force.

FIG. 5, the depressions 304 are shown at equal intervals. They can, however, also be positioned in accordance with the window, being kept in the required special positions, such as only the easily open venting position, the more open venting position and the fully open emergency exit position. In addition, a situation in which the upper part of the sash does not protrude into the room behind the window may be desirable when the window has to be equipped with an insect filter, roller blinds or the like.

A similar hinge without a spring could also be used. In this case, the guide 306 could be made with one or more protruding elastic elements. When opening the window, the axis 305 could move along the guide, encountering little or no resistance before reaching the projecting element. For additional movement, the axis would have to be pressed away from the elastic element, the required force depends on the material and the design of the latter.

The invention should not be construed as being limited only to the embodiments described above, but various modifications and combinations may be made. For example, the stopping means may comprise more independent means, such as, for example, a combination of a hinged spring and a strut arm or the like, which causes friction during opening of the window. Additionally, the window can be built into the facade, and the window sash can be pivotally connected to the frame by a hinge axis running parallel to the side members of the frame and the window sash.

Claims (18)

CLAIM 1. A window comprising a frame and a sash, the sash being connected to the frame by a hinge device defining a hinge axis of the window, the frame and the sash, each including a first pair of mutually opposing elements and a second pair of mutually opposing elements, a hinge connecting the corresponding element of the sash and frame of the second pair of elements of the frame and the sash, and a center line defined essentially halfway between one and the other of the elements of the said first pair, ex wherein the hinge device comprises a set of swivel hinges installed in such a position that the hinge axis is located between the center line and one element of the first pair, while the window further comprises at least one auxiliary opening device as well as stopping means restricting the movement of the window during its opening and / or closing. 2. The window according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the auxiliary opening device is connected to the upper or side face of one of the frame elements of the second pair, and the other end of the auxiliary opening device is connected to the side or lower side of the corresponding sash element. 3. The window according to claim 2, characterized in that one or more of the at least one auxiliary opening device comprises a cylinder acting under pressure of the working medium with a linkage linkage. 4. The window according to claim 3, characterized in that the auxiliary opening device comprises two cylinders placed one on each side of the window. 5. The window according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one auxiliary opening device comprises a chain opener. 6. The window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the connection between the auxiliary opening device and the frame is detachable. 7. Window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one element of the second pair of sash and / or frame elements is made with a cutout for moving the auxiliary opening device during the operation of the window. 8. A window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one auxiliary opening device comprises a spring, preferably connected to a hinge device. 9. Window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the stopping means is an integrated part of at least one of the hinges. - 5 007727 10. A window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the stopping means comprises a spring element acting on one or more parts of the pivot joint. 11. The window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the stopping means is configured to fix the window in one or more predetermined positions. 12. The window of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the spring element has one or more locking positions, and other parts of the hinge are made with the possibility of entering into particularly tight contact with it, thereby creating the possibility of locking the window. 13. A window according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the stopping means is made in the form of a cylinder acting under the pressure of the working medium. 14. Window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the hinge axis is located in the interval between 1/3 and 2/3 of the segment between the center line and one element of the first pair, preferably about 1/4 of the segment between the center line and one element the first pair. 15. The window of claim 14, wherein the action of the stop means corresponds to the effect of gravity on a part of the window sash and glass that is not balanced by the corresponding part on the opposite side of the hinge axis, the effect of the stop means thus corresponds to the gravitational effect on half of the window sash and glass when the hinge axis is located on 1/4 of the segment between the center line and one element of the first pair. 16. The window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that one and the other element of the first pair forms the upper and lower element, respectively, of the frame and the sash. 17. Window according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the auxiliary opening device and / or stopping means are arranged at least partially in a hidden manner. 18. The window according to claim 17, characterized in that the auxiliary opening device and / or stopping means are placed between the frame and / or the casement and at least one weatherproof covering means on both of them.