DK2859608T3 - Gasfordelingselement til en brændselscelle - Google Patents

Gasfordelingselement til en brændselscelle Download PDF

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DK2859608T3
DK2859608T3 DK13732851.4T DK13732851T DK2859608T3 DK 2859608 T3 DK2859608 T3 DK 2859608T3 DK 13732851 T DK13732851 T DK 13732851T DK 2859608 T3 DK2859608 T3 DK 2859608T3
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gas distribution
channels
gas
fuel
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DK13732851.4T
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Zacharie Wuillemin
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Htceramix Sa
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/75—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
    • H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/036—Bipolar electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
    • H01M2300/0071—Oxides
    • H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
    • H01M2300/0077—Ion conductive at high temperature based on zirconium oxide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Claims (14)

GASFORDELINGSELEMENT TIL EN BRÆNDSELSCELLE
1. Gasfordelingselement (10) til en brændselscelle eller en elektrolyseindretning, hvilket element successivt omfatter et basislag (1), et første lag (2) og et andet lag (3), hvorved det første (2) og det andet lag (3) er anbragt med en gasfordelingsstruktur (11), som danner et mønster til en fluidstrømning af et første reaktantfluid, der er en brændbar gas, hvor det andet lag (3) er et homogeniseringselement, som har første åbninger (15), hvor de første åbninger (15) har en længde (28) og en bredde (29), hvor længden (28) er større end bredden (29), kendetegnet ved, at det første lag (2) omfatter et brændstofindløb (2b) og et brændstofudløb (2c), hvor hovedretningen for fluidstrømning (9) strækker sig i lineær retning mellem brændstofindløbet (2b) og brændstofudløbet (2c), at gasfordelingsstrukturen (11) i det første lag (2), der består af en flerhed af kanaler (13), som er anbragt side om side, der strækker sig lineært i hovedretningen for fluidstrømning (9) og forbinder brændstofindløbet (2b) med brændstofudløbet (2c), at de første åbninger (15), der strækker sig i tværgående retning i forhold til kanalerne (13), har en sådan længde (28) og er anbragt således, at mindst to kanaler (13), som er anbragt side om side, er fluidforbundet via den første åbning (15), og at det andet lag (3) omfatter en kontaktflade (3c) med henblik på kontakt med en katode-anode-elektrolyt-enhed (5), hvor de første åbninger (15) er anbragt inden for kontaktfladen (3c), og hvor den samlede flade af alle første åbninger (15) er mindst 20 % af kontaktfladen (3c), mere fortrinsvis mindst 30 % og mest fortrinsvis mellem 40 % og 50 %.
2. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge krav 1, hvor kanalerne (13) strækker sig parallelt med hinanden, og hvor de første åbninger (15) strækker sig vinkelret på kanalerne (13).
3. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge krav 1, hvor kanalerne (13) strækker sig i radial retning, og de første åbninger (15) strækker sig i periferisk retning.
4. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge et af kravene 1 til 3, hvor mindst nogle af kanalerne (13) i det første lag (2) obstrueres af et bjælkeelement (23), idet bjælkeelementet (23) forbinder mindst to bjælker (2a), der er anbragt med mellemrum og danner en kanal (13) derimellem, hvor det andet lag (3) omfatter en flerhed af anden åbninger (6), hvor de anden åbninger (6) har en længde (7) i hovedretningen for fluidstrømning (9), der er større end bjælkeelementets (23) bredde, og idet den anden åbning (6) er anbragt ved siden af bjælkeelementet (23) med henblik på at fluidforbinde kanalen (13) og omgå bjælkeelementet (23).
5. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge et af kravene 1 til 4, der endvidere omfatter et understøtningslag (4), som er anbragt ved siden af basislaget (1).
6. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge krav 5, hvor understøtningslaget (4) omfatter en flerhed af kanaler (20), der strækker sig i lineær retning, idet kanalerne (20) styreret andet reaktantfluid, som er et oxidationsmiddel.
7. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge krav 6, hvor understøtningslaget (4) er en korrugeret tyndplade med kanaler (20,20a, 20b) på begge sider, hvorformålet med de kanaler (20b), der vender mod basislaget (1), er at afkøle basislaget (1) ved hjælp af det andet reaktantfluid, og formålet med kanalerne (20a) på den modsatte side er at forsyne en brændselscelleenhed med det andet reaktantfluid.
8. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge et af kravene 1 til 7, hvor basislaget (1) og/eller det første lag (2) og/eller det andet lag (3) og/eller understøtningslaget (4) fremstilles ved udstansning, prægning, perforering eller ætsning eller ved varmpresning.
9. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge ét af de foregående krav, hvor basislaget (1) og det første lag (2) eller det første lag (2) og det andet lag (3) danner et monolitisk stykke, især ved at være sammensvejset.
10. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 5 til 9, hvor understøtningslaget (4) danner et monolitisk stykke med basislaget (1) eller basislaget (1) og det første lag (2).
11. Gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge et af kravene 1 til 10, hvor det samlede areal for alle første åbninger (15) er mindst 20 % af det samlede areal for alle åbninger (15, 6), som er lokaliseret inden for kontaktfladen (3c), mere fortrinsvis mindst 50 % og mest fortrinsvis mellem 60 % og 80 %.
12. Brændselscelle eller elektrolyseindretning, især en fastoxidbrændselscelle eller en fastoxidelektrolyseindretning, der omfatter et gasfordelingselement (10) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav.
13. Fremgangsmåde til homogenisering af en brændbar gas i et gasfordelingselement (10) i en brændselscelle, idet gasfordelingselementet (10) successivt omfatter et basislag (1), et første lag (2) og et andet lag (3), hvor det første lag (2) omfatter en gasfordelingsstruktur (11), der omfatter kanaler (13), og det andet lag (3) omfatter første åbninger (15), hvor den brændbare gas, som strømmer gennem de respektive kanaler (13), trænger ind i de første åbninger (15), således at den brændbare gas i de respektive kanaler (13) homogeniseres inden for de første åbninger (15), og hvor de første åbninger (15) er i kontakt med en katode-anode-elektrolyt-enhed (5) i en kontaktflade (3c), og hvor de første åbninger (15) er anbragt inden for kontaktfladen (3c), således at den brændbare gas inde fra de første åbninger (15) tilføres katode-anode-elektrolyt-enheden (5), kendetegnet ved, at gasfordelingsstrukturen (11) består af en flerhed af lineære udstrakte kanaler (13), som er anbragt side om side og forbinder et brændstofindløb (2b) med et brændstofudløb (2c), således at brændstoffet strømmer i en retning af strømning (9) inden for kanalerne (13) i lineær retning, at de første åbninger (15) strækker sig i tværgående retning i forhold til retningen for strømning (9) og fluidforbinder mindst to kanaler (13), som er anbragt side om side, at mindst noget af den brændbare gas, der er homogeniseret inden for de første åbninger (15), strømmer tilbage i de respektive kanaler (13) i det første lag (2) eller udveksles mellem de respektive kanaler (13) i det første lag (2), og at den samlede flade for alle første åbninger (15), gennem hvilke den brændbare gas tilføres katode-anode-elektrolyt-enheden (5), er mindst 20 % af kontaktfladen (3c), mere fortrinsvis mindst 30 % og mest fortrinsvis mellem 40 % og 50 % af kontaktfladen (3c).
14. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 13, hvor mindst nogle de første åbninger (15) strækker sig vinkelret på retningen for strømning (9), således at trykket fra den brændbare gas i den tilhørende første åbning (15) udlignes, således at trykket fra den brændbare gas i de underliggende respektive kanaler (13) udlignes lokalt.
DK13732851.4T 2012-06-11 2013-06-11 Gasfordelingselement til en brændselscelle DK2859608T3 (da)

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EP12171563.5A EP2675005A1 (en) 2012-06-11 2012-06-11 Gas distribution element for a fuel cell
PCT/EP2013/062056 WO2013186226A1 (en) 2012-06-11 2013-06-11 Gas distribution element for a fuel cell

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EP (2) EP2675005A1 (da)
JP (1) JP6167174B2 (da)
KR (1) KR102097434B1 (da)
CN (1) CN104412434B (da)
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CA (1) CA2874946C (da)
DK (1) DK2859608T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2678599T3 (da)
PL (1) PL2859608T3 (da)
RU (1) RU2630896C2 (da)
SA (1) SA113340629B1 (da)
SI (1) SI2859608T1 (da)
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EP2675005A1 (en) * 2012-06-11 2013-12-18 HTceramix S.A. Gas distribution element for a fuel cell
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