DK164994B

DK164994B - STAENKELAP

Info

Publication number: DK164994B
Application number: DK394788A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Giuseppe De Chirico
Original assignee: Gilardini Spa
Priority date: 1987-07-16
Filing date: 1988-07-14
Publication date: 1992-09-28
Also published as: NL8801812A; IE882183L; IT8753526V0; GB2208160B; NO168757B; DE3823786A1; SE468847B; IT212168Z2; FI88600C; SE8802617D0; SE8802617L; IE63201B1; BE1002304A4; FI883379A; FI883379A0; FR2618118B1; NO883163L; PT88000A; DK394788A; PT88000B

Description

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Opfindelsen angår en stænkelap dimensioneret til at kunne passe til et køretøjs hjul, og som omfatter et vandtæt bagelement, et permeabelt lag, der vender mod bagelementet på den mod hjulet vendende side, afstands- og stødorganer, der er di-5 mensioneret til at kunne optage sprøjtet filtreret gennem det permeable lag og muliggøre et styret afløb af samme langs det vandtætte bagelement, idet afstands- og stødorganerne er anbragt mellem bagelementet og det permeable lag.The invention relates to a splash plate dimensioned to fit a wheel of a vehicle, which comprises a waterproof rear element, a permeable layer facing the rear element on the side facing the wheel, spacers and shock means dimensioned to be able to receiving the syringe filtered through the permeable layer and enabling a controlled drain of the same along the waterproof baking element, the spacers and shock means being arranged between the baking element and the permeable layer.

10 Motorkøretøjer, især industrielle køretøjer, er ofte udstyret med stænkelapper bag ved hjulene for at forhindre sideværts eller bagudgående hjulsprøjt.10 Motor vehicles, especially industrial vehicles, are often fitted with splash pads behind the wheels to prevent lateral or rearward wheel splashing.

De kendte gummistænkelapper løser kun dette problem delvis, 15 idet størstedelen af det vand, der rammer stænkelappen, sprøjtes tilbage på hjulet eller sideværts i forhold til køretøjet.The known rubber splash pads only partially solve this problem, as the majority of the water hitting the splash pad is sprayed back on the wheel or laterally relative to the vehicle.

Der kendes flerlagsstænkelapper omfattende et vandtæt bagelement og et eller flere overlejrede lag, hvoraf det lag, der 20 vender mod hjulet, er dimensioneret til at tillade, at vandet filtreres på de underliggende lag, hvilket muliggør en absorption af den kinetiske energi af vandpartiklerne og derved i hovedsagen forhindrer, at de "hopper af" bagelementet, hvorved der muliggøres et kontrolleret afløb af vandet. Lagene er sæd-25 vanligvis formet af ekstruderet plastnet. Flerlagsstænkelapper af denne type er f.eks. vist i europæisk patentansøgning nr. 112.694 og engelsk patentansøgning nr. 2 078 181. Hovedulemperne ved disse flerlagsstænkelapper er de høje fremsti 1ings-omkostninger og samlingen af de forskellige lag og den for-30 holdsvis store vægt. Lagene har samme karakteristikker over hele fladen af stænklappen, uanset den mængde vand, der rammer de forskellige dele af fladen. De dele af fladen, der udsættes for forholdsvis små vandmængder, dvs. top- og sidedelene, udgør den samme procentdel af den totale vægt og fremsti 11ings-35 omkostningerne som de dele, der optager de maksimale stødpåvirkninger (dvs. den nedre midterste del).Multilayer splash pads are known comprising a waterproof backing element and one or more superimposed layers, the layer facing the wheel being dimensioned to allow the water to be filtered on the underlying layers, enabling an absorption of the kinetic energy of the water particles and thereby essentially prevents them from "jumping off" the baking element, thereby enabling a controlled drainage of the water. The layers are usually formed of extruded plastic mesh. Multilayer splashes of this type are e.g. shown in European Patent Application No. 112,694 and English Patent Application No. 2,078,181. The main disadvantages of these multilayer splashes are the high manufacturing cost and the assembly of the various layers and the relatively large weight. The layers have the same characteristics over the entire surface of the mud flap, regardless of the amount of water hitting the different parts of the surface. The parts of the surface that are exposed to relatively small amounts of water, ie. the top and side parts, constitute the same percentage of the total weight and manufacturing costs as the parts which absorb the maximum shock effects (i.e. the lower middle part).

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Formålet med opfindelsen er at tilvejebringe en stænkelap, der ikke har disse ulemper.The object of the invention is to provide a splash guard which does not have these disadvantages.

En stænkelap af den indledningsvis nævnte art er ifølge opfin-5 delsen ejendommelig ved, at stød- og afstandorganerne består af udragende dele af første og anden type formet ud i ét på det vandtætte bagelement. Ved vandpart i kl ernes stød med de udragende dele, mister de en betydelig del af deres kinetiske energi, afbøjes sideværts og indfanges mellem bagelementet og 10 det permeable lag, hvor de eventuelt opsamles og løber af i nedadgående retning.According to the invention, a splash patch of the kind mentioned in the introduction is characterized in that the shock and spacing means consist of projecting parts of the first and second type formed integrally on the waterproof baking element. By water part in the impact of the claws with the protruding parts, they lose a significant part of their kinetic energy, are deflected laterally and are trapped between the baking element and the permeable layer, where they are possibly collected and run off in the downward direction.

Fremdeles kan ifølge opfindelsen tætheden af de udragende dele af første type på det vandtætte bågelement variere fra den ene 15 del til den anden af samme.Still, according to the invention, the density of the projecting parts of the first type on the waterproof frame element can vary from one part to the other of the same.

Endvidere kan ifølge opfindelsen tætheden af de udragende dele af første type være større på de dele af det vandtætte bagelement, der under brug udsættes for større stødpåvirkninger af 20 vandpartiklerne.Furthermore, according to the invention, the density of the protruding parts of the first type can be greater on the parts of the waterproof baking element which, during use, are exposed to greater shock effects by the water particles.

Desuden kan ifølge opfindelsen de udragende dele af første type være i hovedsagen koniske.In addition, according to the invention, the protruding parts of the first type can be substantially conical.

25 Endvidere kan ifølge opfindelsen de udragende dele af anden type strække sig i hovedsagen i en ret linie over forsiden af det vandtætte bagelement.Furthermore, according to the invention, the projecting parts of the second type can extend substantially in a straight line over the front of the waterproof baking element.

Desuden kan ifølge opfindelsen de udragende dele af anden type 30 være parallelle og ækvidistante og strække sig vertikalt fra oversiden til bunden af det vandtætte bagelement.In addition, according to the invention, the projecting parts of the second type 30 can be parallel and equidistant and extend vertically from the top to the bottom of the waterproof baking element.

Opfindelsen skal nærmere forklares i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en stænkelap ifølge opfindelsen, 35The invention will be explained in more detail in the following with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows a splash patch according to the invention, 35

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3 fig. 2a og 2b den i fig. 1 viste stænkelap, set forfra og i tværsnit, fig. 3a og 3b en yderligere udformning af detaljerne i fig. 2a 5 og 2b, set forfra og i tværsnit, fig. 4 en detalje af stænkelappen i fig. 1, set i snit, fig. 5 en yderligere udformning af den i fig. 4 viste detalje 10 set i snit, og fig. 6 den i fig. 1 viste stænkelap tilpasset til en skærm af et industrielt køretøj.3 fig. 2a and 2b the one in fig. 1, seen from the front and in cross section, fig. 3a and 3b a further design of the details in fig. 2a 5 and 2b, seen from the front and in cross section, fig. 4 shows a detail of the splash flap in fig. 1, seen in section, fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 4, 10 shown in section, and fig. 6 the one in fig. 1 adapted to a screen of an industrial vehicle.

15 Den i fig. 1 viste stænkelap 1 for et industrielt køretøj omfatter et i hovedsagen plant rektangulært vandtæt bagelement 2, der kan være fremstillet af et elastomert materiale og har en flad ophøjet kant 3, der strækker sig langs de vertikale sider 4 og langs oversiden 5 og har eksternt udragende dele 6 20 langs de vertikale sider 4. Ifølge opfindelsen er bagelementet 2 udstyret med stød- og afstandsorganer. Stød- og afstandsorganerne omfatter et antal udragende dele 7, eksempelvis fem udragende dele, der er placeret ækvidistant og parallelt i forhold til hinanden og i forhold til de udragende dele 6, og 25 udstrækker sig vertikalt fra overkanten 5 til underkanten 8 af bagelementet 2. De udragende dele 7 har et i hovedsagen trekantet tværsnit og er afrundet ved toppen og har i forhold til overfladen af bagelementet 2 i hovedsagen samme højde som kanten 3. Stød- og afstandsorganerne omfatter desuden et antal 30 udragende dele 9, der i hovedsagen er koniske og er afrundet ved toppen og er kortere end de udragende dele 7. Tætheden af udragende dele 9 på bagelementet 2 varierer fra det ene område til det andet.De to yderste udragende dele 7, underkanten 8 af bagelementet 2 og en imaginær horizontal linie 10, der er vist 35 stiplet i omtrent 2/5 af højden af bagelementet 2 fra underkanten 8, afgrænser en del 11, der er den del, der udsættes for de maksimale stødpåvirkninger. Delen 11 er af tre centrale 4The device shown in FIG. 1 for an industrial vehicle comprises a substantially flat rectangular watertight rear element 2, which may be made of an elastomeric material and has a flat raised edge 3 extending along the vertical sides 4 and along the upper side 5 and having externally projecting parts 6 20 along the vertical sides 4. According to the invention, the rear element 2 is provided with shock and spacing means. The shock and spacing means comprise a number of projecting parts 7, for example five projecting parts, which are placed equidistantly and parallel to each other and in relation to the projecting parts 6, and 25 extend vertically from the upper edge 5 to the lower edge 8 of the rear element 2. The projecting parts 7 have a substantially triangular cross-section and are rounded at the top and have in relation to the surface of the baking element 2 substantially the same height as the edge 3. The shock and spacing means further comprise a number of 30 projecting parts 9 which are substantially conical and is rounded at the top and is shorter than the projecting parts 7. The density of projecting parts 9 on the baking element 2 varies from one area to another. The two outermost projecting parts 7, the lower edge 8 of the baking element 2 and an imaginary horizontal line 10, shown 35 dashed in approximately 2/5 of the height of the baking element 2 from the lower edge 8, delimiting a part 11, which is the part exposed to the maximum shock effects. Part 11 is of three central 4

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udragende dele 7 og en horizontal linie 13, halvvejs mellem underkanten 8 og linien 10 opdelt i otte områder 14, 14', 15, 15', 16, 16', 17 og 17'. I hvert af områderne er de udragende dele 9 anbragt i parallelle vertikale rækker forskudt verti-5 kalt i forhold til hinanden med et halvt mellemrum. Rækkerne i områderne 14, 14', 15, 15' er ækvidistante og ligger tættere end i områderne 16, 16', 17 og 17'. Den vertikale centeraf stand af de udragende dele 9 er den samme i områderne 15, 15', 16 og 16', mindre i områderne 14 og 14' og større i områderne 10 17 og 17'.protruding parts 7 and a horizontal line 13, halfway between the lower edge 8 and the line 10 divided into eight areas 14, 14 ', 15, 15', 16, 16 ', 17 and 17'. In each of the areas the projecting parts 9 are arranged in parallel vertical rows offset vertically relative to each other by half a space. The rows in areas 14, 14 ', 15, 15' are equidistant and are closer than in areas 16, 16 ', 17 and 17'. The vertical center distance of the projecting parts 9 is the same in the areas 15, 15 ', 16 and 16', smaller in the areas 14 and 14 'and larger in the areas 10 17 and 17'.

I bagelementet 2's yderste dele ligger rækkerne og de udragende dele 9 i hver række ækvidistant med to gange rækkeafstanden og den vertikale centerafstand i områderne 14 og 14'. Det 15 ovennævnte mønster er, som vist i fig. 1, symmetrisk i forhold til den midterste udragende del 7. De udragende dele 7 og 9 er fortrinsvis formet ud i ét på bagelementet 2.In the outer parts of the rear element 2, the rows and the projecting parts 9 lie in each row of equidistant with twice the row distance and the vertical center distance in the areas 14 and 14 '. The above pattern is, as shown in FIG. 1, symmetrically with respect to the middle projecting part 7. The projecting parts 7 and 9 are preferably formed integrally on the baking element 2.

Bagelementet 2 er udstyret med et net 20 af fleksibelt elasto-20 mert materiale eller plastmateriale og kan med fordel være formet ved sprøjtestøbning. Nettet 20, der er vist detaljeret i fig. 2a og 2b, er biplanart med rombiske gitterelementer 21 og er anbragt oven på kanten 3 og de udragende dele 7 og ligger løst mellem to udragende dele 6. Nettet 20 er fastgjort 25 til bagelementet 2 ved hjælp af to trykelementer i form af strimler 22 med en L-formet kant 23, der samarbejder med en udragende del 6. Strimlerne 22 strækker sig i hovedsagen langs den nedre halvdel af hver af siderne 4 og er forbundet til kanten 3 ved hjælp af bolte 24 - se fig. 4 - der går i indgreb 30 med huller 25 langs kanten 3 og passer gennem netdelene 21 af nettet 20. Alternativt kan nettet være af den type, der er indikeret ved 26 i fig. 3a og 3b, hvilket net 26 også er i hovedsagen biplanart, men er afgrænset af to grupper af alternerende parallelle elementer 27, 27', der har et uregelmæssigt 35 sinusformet tværsnit og ligger en smule forskudt fra midterplanerne 28, 28'. Nærliggende elementer 27 og 27' har over for hinanden liggende konvekse sider, der er forbundet indbyrdes, til afgrænsning af aflange netdele 29.The baking element 2 is equipped with a net 20 of flexible elastomeric material or plastic material and can advantageously be formed by injection molding. The network 20 shown in detail in FIG. 2a and 2b, is biplanar with rhombic lattice elements 21 and is arranged on top of the edge 3 and the projecting parts 7 and lies loosely between two projecting parts 6. The net 20 is attached 25 to the baking element 2 by means of two pressure elements in the form of strips 22 with an L-shaped edge 23 cooperating with a projecting part 6. The strips 22 extend substantially along the lower half of each of the sides 4 and are connected to the edge 3 by means of bolts 24 - see fig. 4 - engaging 30 with holes 25 along the edge 3 and fitting through the net parts 21 of the net 20. Alternatively, the net may be of the type indicated at 26 in fig. 3a and 3b, which net 26 is also substantially biplanar, but is delimited by two groups of alternating parallel elements 27, 27 'having an irregular sinusoidal cross-section and lying slightly offset from the central planes 28, 28'. Adjacent elements 27 and 27 'have opposite convex sides interconnected to define elongate net portions 29.

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Fig. 5 viser en alternativ metode til fastgørelse af nettet 20 (eller 26) til bagelementet 2. Ved denne metode er kanten 3 bøjet til U-form, i hvert fald langs en del af siderne 4, til afgrænsning af sidestyr 30 for nettet 20, der er fastgjort ved 5 hjælp af nitter 33.FIG. 5 shows an alternative method of attaching the net 20 (or 26) to the rear element 2. In this method, the edge 3 is bent into a U-shape, at least along a part of the sides 4, for delimiting side guides 30 for the net 20, which is fastened by means of 5 rivets 33.

Fig. 6 viser et eksempel på en stænkelap 1 fastgjort til en skærm 34 af et hjul 35 på et industrielt køretøj (kun vist delvist).FIG. 6 shows an example of a splash plate 1 attached to a screen 34 by a wheel 35 of an industrial vehicle (only partially shown).

1010

Stænkelappen 1 er fastgjort til indersiden af skærmen 34, således at den rager nedad med en nedre del af en højde, der i hvert fald er lig med højden af støddelen 11, der tjener til at optage størstedelen af hjulsprøjtet 35. I denne del 11 øges 15 de potentielle stødpåvirkninger i nedadgående retning mod midten .The splash flap 1 is attached to the inside of the screen 34 so that it projects downwards with a lower part of a height which is at least equal to the height of the shock part 11, which serves to receive the majority of the wheel spray 35. In this part 11, 15 the potential impact effects in the downward direction towards the center.

Stænkelappen 1 er fastgjort til skærmen 34 ved hjælp af bolte 36, til hvilket formål stænkelappen 1 har et antal huller 37 20 langs oversiden 5 af kanten 3 og et antal borede fremspring 38, der ligger langs den horisontale midterlinie. Fremspringene 38 kan med fordel have samme højde som de udragende dele 7 og kanten 3, således at der tilvejebringes yderligere understøtnings- og samlingspunkter for nettet 20.The splash flap 1 is fixed to the screen 34 by means of bolts 36, for which purpose the splash flap 1 has a number of holes 37 20 along the upper side 5 of the edge 3 and a number of drilled projections 38 lying along the horizontal center line. The projections 38 can advantageously have the same height as the projecting parts 7 and the edge 3, so that additional support and assembly points for the net 20 are provided.

2525

Stænkelappen 1 virker på følgende måde. De vandpartikler, der føres med op af hjulene 35, optages af nettet 20 (eller 26), der bevirker, at størstedelen af vandpartiklerne afsættes på det vandtætte bagelement 2. Ved vandpartiklernes stød mod de 30 udragende dele 9, mister de en betydelig del af deres kine tiske energi, idet de afbøjes sideværts og "indfanges" mellem bagelementet 2 og nettet 20 (eller 26), hvor de eventuelt opsamles på bagelementet 2 og løber af i nedadgående retning.The splash flap 1 works as follows. The water particles carried up by the wheels 35 are taken up by the net 20 (or 26), which causes the majority of the water particles to be deposited on the waterproof rear element 2. Upon the impact of the water particles against the 30 projecting parts 9, they lose a significant part of their kinetic energy, being deflected laterally and "trapped" between the baking element 2 and the net 20 (or 26), where they are possibly collected on the baking element 2 and run off in the downward direction.

35 Fordelene ved stænkelappen 1 fremgår således klart af ovenstå ende. For det første er den billig og let som følge af, at den kun består af et lille antal dele (to lag og dertil hørendeThe advantages of the splash flap 1 are thus clear from the upper end. Firstly, it is cheap and light due to the fact that it consists of only a small number of parts (two layers and associated

Claims

Splash pad dimensioned to fit the wheels (35) of a vehicle, comprising a waterproof rear element (2), a permeable layer facing the rear element (2) on the side facing the wheel (35), spacers and shock means dimensioned to receive the syringe filtered through the permeable layer and enable a controlled drain of the same along the bag element (2), the spacers and shock means being arranged between the bag element (2) and the permeable layer , characterized in that the shock and spacing means are constituted by projecting parts of the first (9) and second (7) type formed integrally on the waterproof rear element (2). 30

Splash flap according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the projecting parts (9) of the first type on the waterproof baking element (2) varies from one area to the other. 35

Splashing flap according to claim 2, characterized in that the density of the projecting parts of the first type (9) is greater in the areas (14, 15, 16, 17, 14 ', 15', 16 ', 17 ') of the waterproof baking element (2), which during use is exposed to major shocks from the water.

Splash flap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projecting parts of the first type (9) are substantially conical.

Splashing flap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projecting parts of the second type (7) extend substantially in a straight line over the front of the waterproof baking element (2).

The splash lap described can be varied in many ways, without thereby deviating from the idea of the invention. For example. it is possible to change the design and arrangement of the projecting parts 7 and 9, the type of net and the way in which the net 20 or 26 is attached to the baking element 2. In particular, the net 20 or 26, 10 if it is formed by extrusion or molding, net parts of different sizes and / or shapes in different parts of the net. The splash flap 1 is not necessarily mounted as shown in fig. 6. It may alternatively be located inside the housing of the wheel, both above and behind the wheel. 15 Patent claims.

Splash flap according to claim 5, characterized in that the 15 projecting parts (7) of the second lie parallel and equidistant and extend vertically from the upper edge (5) to the lower edge (8) of the waterproof rear element (2).

Splash flap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projecting parts (7) of the second type are higher than the projecting parts (9) of the first type.

Splashing patch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permeable layer is constituted by a net 25 (20, 26).

Splashing flap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watertight baking element (2) has an edge (3) of substantially the same height as the projecting parts (7) 30 of another type and extends at least along two opposite vertical sides (4) of the baking element (2), which splash plate further comprises means (22, 24) for attaching the net (20, 26) to at least the edge (3) along the two sides (4) of the baking element (2). ). 35

Splash flap according to claim 9, characterized in that the fastening means comprise two pressure elements (22) dimensioned for fastening the net (20, 26) to the edge (3).