DK145848B

DK145848B - MECHANISM FOR OPENING AND CLOSING LIFTING ROOFS, SPECIFICALLY ON RAILWAY TRUCKS

Info

Publication number: DK145848B
Application number: DK456267AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: F Schneider; P-W Wagener; K Raab
Original assignee: Rheinstahl Siegener Eisenbahnb
Priority date: 1967-06-03
Filing date: 1967-09-12
Publication date: 1983-03-21
Also published as: NO118439B; DK145848C; ES345844A1; US3526194A; BE703969A; FI43891B; GB1200623A; SE329413B; AT285666B; DE1605008B1

Description

US8 Λ 8US8 Λ 8

Opfindelsen angår en mekanisme til åbning og lukning af løfteskydetage, navnlig til jernbanegodsvogne, og hvor overkanterne af de taget bærende vogkassesider er forbundet med hinanden ved hjælp af mindst én tra-5 vers, der i tagets lukkestilling ligger mellem to fra vognbunden betjenelige, i samme niveau liggende skyde-tagdele, samt med midler til ved åbningsbevægelsens begyndelse at løfte en tagdels mod traversen vendende ende op over traversen og den bagved liggende tagdel.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a mechanism for opening and closing the sliding roof roof, in particular to rail freight wagons, and wherein the upper edges of the roof carrying cradle sides are interconnected by at least one trace located in the roof closing position between two operating from the trolley floor, in the same level sliding roof members, and with means for lifting a roof part towards the traverse at the beginning of the opening movement over the traverse and the underlying roof part.

10 Der kendes jerbanegodsvogne og lignende køretøjer med et i sig selv pålideligt løfteskydetag, der består af to ens skydetagdele, som i lukkestillingen hviler på køretøjets sidevægge og overdelen af den ene endevæg samt en midterste tværforbindelse eller travers.10 Railway freight wagons and similar vehicles are known to have a self-reliant lift sliding roof consisting of two identical sliding parts, which in the closing position rests on the vehicle's side walls and the upper part of one end wall, and a middle cross-link or traverse.

15 Til åbning drejes via et håndsving en støttearm, der i sin nederste ende bærer en støtterulle, som hviler på traversen, og ved sin drejning bringes til at løfte den ene tagdel, så at denne kan forskydes hen over den anden, lukkede tagdel. Tagdelene er udstyret med løbe-20 ruller, af hvilke to er anbragt ved den mod traversen vendende ende af tagdelen, medens de to andre er anbragt ved tagdelens anden ende. De førstnævnte ruller løber et kort stykke på traversen og derefter på skinner på den anden tagdel.15 For opening, a support arm is rotated via a crank, which carries at its lower end a support roller resting on the traverse, and in its rotation is caused to lift one roof part so that it can be moved over the other closed roof part. The roof members are provided with running rollers, two of which are arranged at the transverse end of the roof part, while the other two are arranged at the other end of the roof part. The former rolls run a short distance on the traverse and then on rails on the second roof section.

De sidstnævnte ruller løber på skinner ved sidevæggens 25 overkant, der i nærheden af vognens endevægge har en sådan hældning, at tagdelen ved sin forskydning samtidigt meddeles en løfte- eller sænkebevægelse.The latter rolls run on rails at the upper edge of the sidewall 25 which, in the vicinity of the carriage's end walls, has such a slope that, at its displacement, at the same time a lifting or lowering movement is announced.

Det er også kendt at udstyre løfteskydetage med hydrauliske pumper og tilhørende cylindre med stempler, 30 der aktiverer løfteelementer, sædvanligvis støttearme, som hviler på et til køretøjet fastgjort modleje og bevirker en løftning af tagdelene. Til dette arrangement hører også en håndstang, der er så lang, at den kan betjenes af en ved siden af banesporet stående eller 35 gående person, som ved hjælp af stangen forskyder den løftede tagdel. Dette arrangement har ikke fundet større udbredelse, fordi hydraulikanlægget er for dyrt og desuden er ømfindtligt for beskadigelse ved den ret grove 2 145848 behandling, der må regnes med ved jernbanedrift.It is also known to equip lifting roofs with hydraulic pumps and associated cylinders with pistons, which activate lifting elements, usually support arms, which rest on a backrest attached to the vehicle and cause a lifting of the roof parts. Also included in this arrangement is a handrail so long that it can be operated by a person standing or standing next to the track, who displaces the raised roof part by means of the rod. This arrangement has not found any widespread use, because the hydraulic system is too expensive and is also susceptible to damage by the rather rough treatment that must be taken into account in railway operation.

Det er desuden kendt at anvende særlige rullebaner, der kan løftes og sænkes, eller at udstyre over hele deres længde plant forløbende rullebaner med sænk-5 bare og løftbare klapper, på hvilke løberullerne står i tagdelenes endestilling. Til bevægelse af sådanne rullebaner eller klapper eller til samtidig løftning eller sænkning af alle løberuller for en tagdel er det nødvendigt at have forholdsvis komplicerede, på vognvæg-10 gen lejrede løftestænger.In addition, it is known to use special rollers that can be lifted and lowered, or to equip their entire length of flat runways with lowerable and retractable flaps, on which the running rollers are in the end position of the roof members. For moving such runways or flaps or for simultaneously lifting or lowering all running rolls for a roof part, it is necessary to have relatively complicated levers mounted on the carriage wall.

Ved disse kendte udførelser hæfter den ulempe, at de kræver ret omfattende stangsystemer, og at selve forskydningen af tagdelene må foretages af en ved siden af sporet gående person ved hjælp af en lang håndstang, 15 der fra tagdelen strækker sig ned langs vognkassens sidevæg. Dette er besværligt og ikke farefrit, navnlig når jordoverfladen ved siden af sporet er ujævn eller hullet.In these known embodiments, the disadvantage is that they require rather extensive bar systems and that the displacement of the roof parts must be done by a person walking next to the track by means of a long hand rail extending from the roof part along the sidewall of the car body. This is cumbersome and not dangerous, especially when the ground surface adjacent to the track is uneven or gaping.

Der kendes yderligere jembanegodsvogne med 20 skydetagdele, der kan åbnes og lukkes ved hjælp af mekanismer med liner i forbindelse med parallelt indkoblede linetromler, der valgfrit kan betjenes fra den ene eller den anden vognside. Det drejer sig her om vogntage, hvis skydetagdele enten ligger i forskellige 25 planer eller niveauer i lukkestillingen for at kunne skydes hen over eller under hinanden eller som en art lameller kan vippes op i lodret stilling og sammenstilles med hinanden ved vognenderne, når taget skal åbnes. Begge disse løsninger har mangler, den første 30 specielt i henseende til opnåelse af tæthed i lukkestillingen og den anden i henseende til kompliceret konstruktion.Further railroad carriages with 20 sliding parts are known, which can be opened and closed by means of lines with lines in conjunction with parallel switched line drums, which can be optionally operated from one or the other side of the carriage. These are car roofs whose sliding parts either lie in different 25 planes or levels in the closing position in order to be able to slide over or under each other or as a kind of slats can be tilted vertically and aligned with each other at the carriage ends when the roof is to be opened. . Both of these solutions have shortcomings, the first 30 specifically in order to achieve tightness in the closing position and the second in terms of complicated construction.

Mekanismen ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at traversen for hver skydetagdel bærer en line-35 tromle, der er drejelig om en på tværs af vognens længderetning liggende, vandret akse, og som ved mindst den ene ende har knaster til i den tilhørende skydetagdels 3 U5S48 lukkestilling at indgribe med en på skydetagdelens underside fastgjort fingerliste på en sådan måde, at knasterne ved linetromlens drejning i åbneretningen for skydetagdelen bringes til at løfte denne, hvorhos et 5 par liner med deres ene ende er forbundet med skydetagdelen henholdsvis ved dennes mod vognendevæggen vendende ende og dens modsatte ende og med deres anden ende enten er således forbundet med linetromlen, at den ene line påvikles og den anden line afvikles ved drejning af 10 tromlen, eller er sammenhængende med hinanden og danner mindst én vinding omkring tromlen, og hvorhos linetromlerne er valgfrit betjenelige ved hjælp af det ene af fortrinsvis to ved hver sin vognkasseside anbragte håndsving via i og for sig kendte krafttransmissionselementer, 15 som til drift af den ene eller den anden linetromle kan ind- og udrykkes ved hjælp af en manuelt omstillelig kobling.The mechanism according to the invention is characterized in that the traverse for each slider carries a line drum rotatable about a horizontal axis lying transversely of the longitudinal direction and which has at least one end in the corresponding sliding part 3 locking position to engage with a finger strip attached to the underside of the slider in such a way that the knobs in the opening direction of the slider in the opening direction of the slider are brought to lift it, whereby a 5 pair of lines with one end are connected to the slider part respectively at the end facing the carriage wall. and its opposite end and with their other end are either so connected to the line drum that one line is wound and the other line unwound by rotation of the drum, or is interconnected to form at least one winding about the drum, and wherein the line drums are optional operable by means of one of preferably two at each side of the carcass side, cranking arranged via i and known power transmission elements 15 which can be inserted and pushed out by means of a manually adjustable clutch for operation of one or the other line drum.

Ved denne konstruktion er det muligt for en på jorden stående person at betjene den ønskede del af 20 løfteskydetaget, uden at han herunder behøver at flytte sig fra det valgte betjeningssted. De i mekanismen indgående dele kan være af kompakt konstruktion og kan være monteret på steder, hvor de er godt beskyttet mod vejrets indflydelse og mod beskadigelse fra godset i 25 vognen. Specielt kan krafttransmissionselementerne være placeret skjult og beskyttet i vognrammen.In this construction, it is possible for a person standing on the ground to operate the desired part of the 20 sliding roof without having to move from the selected operating position below. The parts included in the mechanism may be of compact construction and may be mounted in places where they are well protected from the influence of the weather and against damage from the goods in the carriage. In particular, the power transmission elements may be located concealed and protected in the carriage frame.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan enderne af linerne med fordel være forbundet med skydetagdelen via fjedre. Det primære formål hermed er, at fjedrene så at sige skal 30 kompensere for de nødvendige ændringer i linernes længde under den pågældende skydetagdels løftning og sænkning, og desuden giver fjedrene en buffervirkning ved mekanismens betjening.According to the invention, the ends of the ropes can advantageously be connected to the slider part via springs. The primary purpose of this is that the springs must, so to speak, compensate for the necessary changes in the length of the ropes during the lifting and lowering of the sliding part in question, and in addition the springs provide a buffer effect in the operation of the mechanism.

Til lettelse af betjeningen kan hver linetromle 35 hensigtsmæssigt ved den ene ende være forbundet med en ledaksel, hvis anden ende er lejret ved sidevægsoverkanten og over kædehjul og kæder ved vognens læng- 4 145848 desider er forbundet med et tilhørende håndsving. Betjeningen kan da ske fra en vilkårlig af vognsiderne.For ease of operation, each line drum 35 may conveniently be connected at one end to an articulated shaft, the other end of which is mounted at the side wall top and over sprockets and chains at the longitudinal sides of the carriage are connected to a corresponding crank. The operation can then be done from any of the carriage sides.

Opfindelsen er i det følgende nærmere forklaret ved en udførelsesform under henvisning til tegningen, 5 på hvilken fig. 1 viser et sidebillede af en godsvogn med et todelt, delvis åbnet skydetag, fig. 2 et planbillede af den samme godsvogn med lukket skydetag, 10 fig. 3 et tværsnit gennem vognen efter linien III-III i fig. .1 , fig. 4 vognens travers og partier af de to skyde-tagdele, delvis gennemskåret og i lukket tilstand, og fig. 5 et til fig. 4 svarende billede, men kort 15 efter begyndende åbning af taget.The invention is explained in more detail below in an embodiment with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a side view of a freight car with a two-part partially opened sliding roof; FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same freight car with closed roof; FIG. 3 is a cross-section through the carriage along line III-III of FIG. .1, fig. Fig. 4 shows the carriage traverses and portions of the two sliding roof sections, partly cut and closed, and Figs. 5 is a view of FIG. 4 similar picture but shortly 15 after the opening of the roof.

Hver skydetagdel 1, der skal kunne åbnes med mekanismen ifølge opfindelsen, har i nærheden af den ved vognendevæggen liggende ende en bøjle eller bue 2, der danner fæste for den ene ende af en fjeder 3, 20 til hvis anden ende en line 4 er fastgjort.Each slider part 1 which can be opened by the mechanism according to the invention has in the vicinity of the end of the carriage wall a bracket or arch 2 which forms a bracket for one end of a spring 3, 20 to the other end of which a line 4 is attached. .

Denne line 4 er ført over en til en endebøjle 5 på tagdelen fastgjort venderulle 6 og er med sin anden ende forbundet med en linetromle 9, der gennem en vandret, tværliggende aksel 8 er 25 drejeligt lejret på vognens travers 7. En yderligere line 10 er fastgjort til og delvis opviklet på linetromlen 9 og er fra denne ført over en lederulle 12 på en yderligere, ved vognlængdemidten beliggende bøjle 11 og er fastgjort til en fjeder 13, der på 30 sin side er fikseret til endnu en bøjle 14. Befinder tagdelen 1 sig i lukkestillingen, kan linen 4 ved drejning af linetromlen 9 opvikles på denne og derved trække tagdelen i åbneretningen. Den anden line 10 afvikles fra linetromlen 9 i samme omfang, som li-35 nen 4 opvikles på denne, og løber over en på traversen 7 monteret lederulle 15.This line 4 is passed over a turning roller 6 attached to an end bracket 5 on the roof part and is connected at its other end to a line drum 9 which, through a horizontal transverse shaft 8, is pivotally mounted on the carriage traverse 7. An additional line 10 is attached to and partially wound on the liner drum 9 and from this is passed over a guide roller 12 on a further hanger 11 located at the carriage length center and is attached to a spring 13, which in turn is fixed to another hanger 14. The roof part 1 is located in the closing position, the line 4 can be wound on it by turning the line drum 9, thereby pulling the roof part in the opening direction. The second line 10 is wound from the line drum 9 to the same extent as the line 4 is wound on it, and runs over a guide roller 15 mounted on the traverse 7.

Lukningen af tagdelen 1 sker analogt hermed ved drejning af linetromlen 9 i modsat retning.The closure of the roof part 1 is analogous to this by turning the rope drum 9 in the opposite direction.

145848 5145848 5

Linetromlen 9 drejes ved hjælp af et håndsving 16, med hvilket tromlen er forbundet gennem stænger 17, akselled 18, kædehjul 19-22 og endeløse kæder 23 og 24. Håndhjulet 16 er anbragt således 5 på vognsidevæggen, at det bekvemt kan betjenes fra terrænet, og det sidder på samme aksel som et kædehjul 22, der gennem en endeløs kæde 24 er forbundet med en kobling 25 på en aksel med et fastsiddende kædehjul 21. Ved indrykning eller udrykning af koblingens greb 10 26 kan der gennem håndhjulet 16 ske drejning af enten kædehjulet 20 eller, nemlig via en under vogngulvet liggende koblingsstang 27, et kædehjul 20a ved den modsatte vognside, og via den endeløse kæde 23 eller 23a kan der herved valgfrit ske åbning og lukning af 15 den ene eller den anden skydetagdel 1. Koblingen 25 er således udformet, at den kan betjenes fra begge vognsider, og der findes også et håndhjul 16 ved hver af disse sider.The liner drum 9 is rotated by a crank 16, with which the drum is connected through rods 17, shaft joint 18, sprocket 19-22 and endless chains 23 and 24. The handwheel 16 is positioned 5 on the carriage side wall so that it can be conveniently operated from the terrain. and it sits on the same shaft as a sprocket 22 which, through an endless chain 24, is connected to a clutch 25 on a shaft with a fixed sprocket 21. By inserting or extending the grip 10 26 of the clutch, rotation of either hand wheel 16 can occur. the sprocket 20 or, namely, via a coupling rod 27 lying beneath the carriage floor, a sprocket 20a at the opposite carriage side, and through the endless chain 23 or 23a, there can optionally be opened and closed by one or the other slider part 1. The clutch 25 is so designed that it can be operated from both carriage sides, and there is also a hand wheel 16 at each of these sides.

Da tagdelene 1 i den lukkede tilstand ligger 20 i samme niveau, må en tagdel 1, der ønskes åbnet, først løftes et vist stykke. Dette muliggøres ved hjælp af på linetromlen 9 siddende knaster 28, der indgriber med en på tagdelen 1's underside anbragt fingerliste 29.Since the roof members 1 in the closed state are 20 at the same level, a roof member 1 which is desired to be opened must first be lifted a certain piece. This is made possible by knobs 28 seated on the line drum 9 which engage with a finger strip 29 located on the underside of the roof part 1.

Ved begyndende åbning er en vandret bevægelse af tagde-25 len 1 endnu ikke mulig, men den mellem linen 4 og bøjlen 2 anbragte fjeder 3 tillader en vis drejning af linetromlen 9, hvorved dennes knaster 28 indgriber med fingerlisten 29 og løfter tagdelen så meget, at den nu kan trækkes op ad et på traversen 7 anbragt 30 skråplan 30 og derved kan løbe ind på en på den anden tagdel 1 monteret løbeskinne 31. Den ved vognende-væggen beliggende ende af den første tagdel 1 bliver i samme grad trukket op ad et skråplan 32. Så snart tagdelen 1 er løftet så meget, at fingerlisten 29 35 ikke mere hviler på knasterne 28, kan den ved hjælp af under hjørnerne anbragte løberuller 33 køre dels på løbeskinnerne 31, der er fastgjort på oversiden af denAt initial opening, a horizontal movement of the roof part 1 is not yet possible, but the spring 3 arranged between the line 4 and the hoop 2 allows some rotation of the line drum 9, whereby its knobs 28 engage with the finger strip 29 and lift the roof part as much as possible. that it can now be pulled up on an inclined plane 30 disposed on the traverse 7 and thereby be able to extend onto a running rail 31 mounted on the second roof part 1. The end of the first roof part 1 located at the carriage wall is equally drawn up a sloping plane 32. As soon as the roof portion 1 is lifted so much that the finger strip 29 35 no longer rests on the lugs 28, the running rollers 33 arranged below the corners can run partly on the running rails 31 which are fixed on the upper side thereof.

Claims

145848. 6 second roof section, partly on running rails 34, which are arranged on the upper body of the car body, and in which the inclined surfaces 32 can be included. By means of the finger strip 29 and the knobs 28 5, the roof part 1 is kept in the locked state as long as the line drum 9 is not turned. If the crank 16 is fixed at a closed roof, a secure lock, e.g. as a customs closure, of the carriage roof possible, since the liner drum 9 can only be turned from the crank 16.

10 PATENT REQUIREMENTS

1. A mechanism for opening and closing lifting roofs, in particular on rail freight wagons, and wherein the upper edges of the roof carrying carcass sides are connected to each other by at least one traverse (7), which in the closing position of the roof lies between two operable carriages, at the same level, the slider members (1), and by means at the beginning of the opening movement, lift a roof part (1) towards the traverse (7) facing upwards over the traverse and the underlying roof part (1), ke n-20 characterized by: the traverse (7) for each sliding roof portion (1) carries a rope (9) rotatable about a horizontal axis (8) lying transversely of the carriage longitudinally and having at least one end having lugs (28) for engaging in the closing position 25 of the associated slide part with a finger strip (29) affixed to the underside of the shooting section in such a way that the knobs at the rotation of the liner drum 1 open the direction of the shooting section to lift it, whereby a pair of lines (4,10) with their one end is connected to the slider part 30 respectively at its end facing the carriage end wall and its opposite end and with their other end either connected to the line drum (9) so that one line is wound and the other line wound by turning the drum, or is coherent with each other and forming at least one winding around the drum, and wherein the line drums are optionally operable by means of one of the