DE69124181D1 - Sonde mit freitragendem Arm, Rastertunnelstrommikroskop und Informationsverarbeitungsapparat unter Anwendung davon - Google Patents

Sonde mit freitragendem Arm, Rastertunnelstrommikroskop und Informationsverarbeitungsapparat unter Anwendung davon

Info

Publication number
DE69124181D1
DE69124181D1 DE69124181T DE69124181T DE69124181D1 DE 69124181 D1 DE69124181 D1 DE 69124181D1 DE 69124181 T DE69124181 T DE 69124181T DE 69124181 T DE69124181 T DE 69124181T DE 69124181 D1 DE69124181 D1 DE 69124181D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
probe
processing apparatus
information processing
cantilever arm
scanning tunneling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE69124181T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE69124181T2 (de
Inventor
Hiroyasu Nose
Kunihiro Sakai
Toshimitsu Kawase
Toshihiko Miyazaki
Katsuhiko Shinjo
Yutaka Hirai
Takayuki Yagi
Katsunori Hatanaka
Keisuke Yamamoto
Yuji Kasanuki
Yoshio Suzuki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Publication of DE69124181D1 publication Critical patent/DE69124181D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69124181T2 publication Critical patent/DE69124181T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • G11B9/1409Heads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y35/00Methods or apparatus for measurement or analysis of nanostructures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q10/00Scanning or positioning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for actively controlling the movement or position of the probe
    • G01Q10/04Fine scanning or positioning
    • G01Q10/045Self-actuating probes, i.e. wherein the actuating means for driving are part of the probe itself, e.g. piezoelectric means on a cantilever probe
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q60/00Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
    • G01Q60/10STM [Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. STM probes
    • G01Q60/16Probes, their manufacture, or their related instrumentation, e.g. holders
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • G11B9/1418Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers
    • G11B9/1427Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers with provision for moving the heads or record carriers relatively to each other or for access to indexed parts without effectively imparting a relative movement
    • G11B9/1436Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers with provision for moving the heads or record carriers relatively to each other or for access to indexed parts without effectively imparting a relative movement with provision for moving the heads or record carriers relatively to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y10/00Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q80/00Applications, other than SPM, of scanning-probe techniques
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/724Devices having flexible or movable element
    • Y10S977/732Nanocantilever
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/849Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe
    • Y10S977/86Scanning probe structure
    • Y10S977/861Scanning tunneling probe
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/849Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe
    • Y10S977/86Scanning probe structure
    • Y10S977/873Tip holder
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/88Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with arrangement, process, or apparatus for testing
    • Y10S977/881Microscopy or spectroscopy, e.g. sem, tem
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/902Specified use of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/932Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
    • Y10S977/943Information storage or retrieval using nanostructure
    • Y10S977/947Information storage or retrieval using nanostructure with scanning probe instrument
DE69124181T 1990-10-09 1991-10-04 Sonde mit freitragendem Arm, Rastertunnelstrommikroskop und Informationsverarbeitungsapparat unter Anwendung davon Expired - Fee Related DE69124181T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2269540A JP2741629B2 (ja) 1990-10-09 1990-10-09 カンチレバー型プローブ、それを用いた走査型トンネル顕微鏡及び情報処理装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69124181D1 true DE69124181D1 (de) 1997-02-27
DE69124181T2 DE69124181T2 (de) 1997-04-30

Family

ID=17473804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69124181T Expired - Fee Related DE69124181T2 (de) 1990-10-09 1991-10-04 Sonde mit freitragendem Arm, Rastertunnelstrommikroskop und Informationsverarbeitungsapparat unter Anwendung davon

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5321685A (de)
EP (1) EP0480645B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2741629B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE147858T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2052882C (de)
DE (1) DE69124181T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0492915B1 (de) * 1990-12-17 1996-09-04 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Freitragende Sonde und Apparat zur Anwendung derselben
JP2923813B2 (ja) * 1991-06-11 1999-07-26 キヤノン株式会社 カンチレバー型変位素子、及びこれを用いた走査型トンネル顕微鏡、情報処理装置
JP3261544B2 (ja) * 1991-10-03 2002-03-04 キヤノン株式会社 カンチレバー駆動機構の製造方法、プローブ駆動機構の製造方法、カンチレバー駆動機構、プローブ駆動機構、及びこれを用いたマルチプローブ駆動機構、走査型トンネル顕微鏡、情報処理装置
US6472794B1 (en) 1992-07-10 2002-10-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Microactuator
JP2895694B2 (ja) * 1992-12-08 1999-05-24 シャープ株式会社 情報記録・再生用スライダー、情報記録・再生用スライダーの製造方法および情報記録・再生装置
JP3025120B2 (ja) * 1992-12-21 2000-03-27 キヤノン株式会社 記録再生装置
US5418771A (en) * 1993-02-25 1995-05-23 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Information processing apparatus provided with surface aligning mechanism between probe head substrate and recording medium substrate
US5689063A (en) * 1993-07-15 1997-11-18 Nikon Corporation Atomic force microscope using cantilever attached to optical microscope
US5537863A (en) * 1993-07-15 1996-07-23 Nikon Corporation Scanning probe microscope having a cantilever used therein
US20020053734A1 (en) 1993-11-16 2002-05-09 Formfactor, Inc. Probe card assembly and kit, and methods of making same
US5587620A (en) * 1993-12-21 1996-12-24 Hewlett-Packard Company Tunable thin film acoustic resonators and method for making the same
DE4438960A1 (de) * 1994-10-31 1996-05-02 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Strom-Spannungswandler zur Erfassung eines Tunnelstroms eines Rastertunnelmikroskops
US5552924A (en) * 1994-11-14 1996-09-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Micromechanical device having an improved beam
WO1996030797A1 (de) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-03 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Mikrooptische sonde für rastermikroskope
WO1996030717A1 (de) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-03 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Mikromechanische sonde für rastermikroskope
US5574278A (en) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Atomic force microscope using piezoelectric detection
JP3576644B2 (ja) * 1995-06-19 2004-10-13 キヤノン株式会社 情報記録装置のプローブ及び記録媒体、並びにこれらを用いた情報記録方法
WO1997009584A1 (en) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-13 International Business Machines Corporation Cantilever with integrated deflection sensor
US5874668A (en) * 1995-10-24 1999-02-23 Arch Development Corporation Atomic force microscope for biological specimens
JPH09196933A (ja) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-31 Canon Inc プローブとプローブの作製方法、及びプローブユニット、並びにこれを用いた情報記録再生装置
US8033838B2 (en) 1996-02-21 2011-10-11 Formfactor, Inc. Microelectronic contact structure
JPH09229945A (ja) * 1996-02-23 1997-09-05 Canon Inc マイクロ構造体を支持するエアブリッジ型構造体の製造方法とその雌型基板、並びに、エアブリッジ型構造体とそれを用いたマイクロ構造体およびトンネル電流または微小力検出用のプローブ
DE19638977A1 (de) * 1996-09-23 1998-03-26 Siemens Ag Kraftmikroskopiesonde
JP3639684B2 (ja) 1997-01-13 2005-04-20 キヤノン株式会社 エバネッセント波検出用の微小探針とその製造方法、及び該微小探針を備えたプローブとその製造方法、並びに該微小探針を備えたエバネッセント波検出装置、近視野走査光学顕微鏡、情報再生装置
JP2000332313A (ja) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 薄膜圧電型バイモルフ素子及びその応用
KR100364720B1 (ko) * 1999-12-29 2002-12-16 엘지전자 주식회사 초미세 탐침형 픽업 소자 및 그 제조방법
KR100424540B1 (ko) * 2001-04-21 2004-03-30 (주)지우텍 다중 액츄에이터를 갖는 afm용 캔틸레버 구조물, 이를포함하는 afm 시스템 및 상기 afm을 이용한 물질의특성 측정 방법
KR100418881B1 (ko) * 2001-05-23 2004-02-19 엘지전자 주식회사 Afm 용 고감도 압전저항 캔틸레버
JP4082947B2 (ja) * 2002-07-09 2008-04-30 パイオニア株式会社 記録再生ヘッド及びその製造方法
US7101721B2 (en) * 2002-07-22 2006-09-05 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. Adaptive manufacturing for film bulk acoustic wave resonators
US9671429B2 (en) * 2003-05-07 2017-06-06 University Of Southern California Multi-layer, multi-material micro-scale and millimeter-scale devices with enhanced electrical and/or mechanical properties
US7055378B2 (en) 2003-08-11 2006-06-06 Veeco Instruments, Inc. System for wide frequency dynamic nanomechanical analysis
JP2005158118A (ja) * 2003-11-21 2005-06-16 Pioneer Electronic Corp 記録再生ヘッド、記録再生ヘッドアレイ、該記録再生ヘッドの製造方法、並びに記録装置及び再生装置
US20050128927A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-16 Hewlett-Packard Development Co., L.P. Electrostatic actuator for contact probe storage device
US10641792B2 (en) * 2003-12-31 2020-05-05 University Of Southern California Multi-layer, multi-material micro-scale and millimeter-scale devices with enhanced electrical and/or mechanical properties
JP4478495B2 (ja) * 2004-03-31 2010-06-09 ソニー株式会社 振動型ジャイロセンサ素子及びその製造方法
DE102006011598A1 (de) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Universität Hamburg Cantilever eines Rastersondenmikroskops
KR20090055876A (ko) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-03 삼성전자주식회사 전계기록재생헤드, 이를 채용한 전계기록재생장치 및전계기록재생헤드의 제조방법
US7990818B2 (en) * 2008-12-23 2011-08-02 General Electric Company Cascaded control of a pick-up head for multi-layer optical data storage
US8266718B2 (en) * 2009-02-20 2012-09-11 The Board Of Trustees Of Leland Stanford Junior University Modulated microwave microscopy and probes used therewith
US9761787B2 (en) * 2015-06-02 2017-09-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama Consensus-based multi-piezoelectric microcantilever sensor
CN106018566B (zh) * 2016-07-05 2018-07-13 华中科技大学 一种超声换能装置
US11262383B1 (en) 2018-09-26 2022-03-01 Microfabrica Inc. Probes having improved mechanical and/or electrical properties for making contact between electronic circuit elements and methods for making
US11867721B1 (en) 2019-12-31 2024-01-09 Microfabrica Inc. Probes with multiple springs, methods for making, and methods for using
US11761982B1 (en) 2019-12-31 2023-09-19 Microfabrica Inc. Probes with planar unbiased spring elements for electronic component contact and methods for making such probes
US11774467B1 (en) 2020-09-01 2023-10-03 Microfabrica Inc. Method of in situ modulation of structural material properties and/or template shape

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4680769A (en) * 1984-11-21 1987-07-14 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Broadband laser amplifier structure
JPS62194237A (ja) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-26 Kyohei Sakuta 光増幅機能を有する3結合導波路光タツプ
DE3679319D1 (de) * 1986-05-27 1991-06-20 Ibm Speichereinheit mit direktem zugriff.
JPH01179488A (ja) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-17 Nec Corp 光増幅器
JPH01186695A (ja) * 1988-01-14 1989-07-26 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 半導体光増幅器
US4906840A (en) * 1988-01-27 1990-03-06 The Board Of Trustees Of Leland Stanford Jr., University Integrated scanning tunneling microscope
US4904045A (en) * 1988-03-25 1990-02-27 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Grating coupler with monolithically integrated quantum well index modulator
JPH0758164B2 (ja) * 1988-04-22 1995-06-21 三菱電機株式会社 走査型トンネル顕微鏡の微動機構
JPH0291836A (ja) * 1988-09-28 1990-03-30 Canon Inc 記録・再生装置及び方法
JP2547869B2 (ja) * 1988-11-09 1996-10-23 キヤノン株式会社 プローブユニット,該プローブの駆動方法及び該プローブユニットを備えた走査型トンネル電流検知装置
JPH02206043A (ja) * 1989-02-03 1990-08-15 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 記憶装置
US5079958A (en) * 1989-03-17 1992-01-14 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Sensor having a cantilever
JPH02311702A (ja) * 1989-05-29 1990-12-27 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 走査型トンネル顕微鏡装置
US5075548A (en) * 1989-07-17 1991-12-24 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Tunnel current probe moving mechanism having parallel cantilevers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2741629B2 (ja) 1998-04-22
DE69124181T2 (de) 1997-04-30
CA2052882A1 (en) 1992-04-10
EP0480645A1 (de) 1992-04-15
US5321685A (en) 1994-06-14
CA2052882C (en) 1997-08-05
JPH04147448A (ja) 1992-05-20
EP0480645B1 (de) 1997-01-15
ATE147858T1 (de) 1997-02-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69124181T2 (de) Sonde mit freitragendem Arm, Rastertunnelstrommikroskop und Informationsverarbeitungsapparat unter Anwendung davon
DE69121868D1 (de) Freitragende Sonde und Apparat zur Anwendung derselben
CA2048968A1 (en) Cantilever type probe, scanning tunneling microscopy and information processing device equipped with said probe
DE68915940T2 (de) Sondeneinheit, Betriebsverfahren und Rastervorrichtung zur Feststellung eines Tunnelstromes mit dieser Sonde.
ATE176527T1 (de) Verschiebungselement, freitragende probe und verwendung dieser probe in einem informationsverarbeitungsgerät
DE69232389T2 (de) Informationsverarbeitungsgerät und Rastertunnelmikroskop
EP0497288B1 (de) Steuersystem für Abtastsonde
DE69128317D1 (de) Fühlervorrichtung zum Nachweis von Mikroverschiebungen sowie Mikroskop- und Informationsverarbeitungseinrichtungen, die eine solche Vorrichtung verwenden
CA2070946A1 (en) Cantilever type displacement element, and scanning tunneling microscope or information processing apparatus using same
DE69501135T2 (de) Elektrostatische Haltevorrichtung für Substrat in einen Bearbeitungskammer
EP0516380A3 (en) Micro-displacement element for a scanning tunneling microscope
EP0296871A3 (de) Rastertunnelmikroskop
ATE148582T1 (de) Antriebsvorrichtung eines wandlers, seine herstellung und apparatur und antrieb mit solcher vorrichtung
DE69216284D1 (de) Sonde mit freitragendem Arm, sowie Rastertunnelstrommikroskop und Informationsverarbeitungsgerät welches dieselbe verwendet
SE9100043D0 (sv) Foer staemgaffelgyro avsett elektrodmoenster
ATE112182T1 (de) Vorrichtung zum zentrifugalspinnen.
EP0762231A3 (de) Entwicklungsgerät mit Entwicklertransportmitteln unter Verwendung eines elektrischen Feldes
CA2048194A1 (en) Apparatus for reading and/or inputting information
EP0413397A1 (de) Elektromechanischer Wandler und Positionierungseinrichtung mit einem derartigen elektromechanischen Wandler
JP2841610B2 (ja) 画像記録装置
JP2805775B2 (ja) 印刷装置
EP0569004A3 (en) Device for changing the static electric potentials of an insulating material surface
ES2029493T3 (es) Dispositivo para variar el potencial estatico electrico de la superficie.
JP2002055038A (ja) 走査形プローブ顕微鏡
JPS5828386A (ja) 磁性インク記録装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8328 Change in the person/name/address of the agent

Free format text: WESER & KOLLEGEN, 81245 MUENCHEN

8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee