DE69010646T2 - Keramische Mikrokugeln. - Google Patents
Keramische Mikrokugeln.Info
- Publication number
- DE69010646T2 DE69010646T2 DE69010646T DE69010646T DE69010646T2 DE 69010646 T2 DE69010646 T2 DE 69010646T2 DE 69010646 T DE69010646 T DE 69010646T DE 69010646 T DE69010646 T DE 69010646T DE 69010646 T2 DE69010646 T2 DE 69010646T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- microsphere
- microspheres
- particle size
- range
- micrometers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003079 TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 31
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012767 functional filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical class Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPJ800989 | 1989-12-22 | ||
| AUPK004590 | 1990-05-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE69010646D1 DE69010646D1 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
| DE69010646T2 true DE69010646T2 (de) | 1994-11-10 |
Family
ID=25643797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69010646T Expired - Fee Related DE69010646T2 (de) | 1989-12-22 | 1990-12-21 | Keramische Mikrokugeln. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5175133A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0434461B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH04263002A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR0154119B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1056674A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE108425T1 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9006590A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2033131A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69010646T2 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2056394T3 (enExample) |
| IE (1) | IE904650A1 (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ236638A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW235290B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1991009815A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005027462B4 (de) * | 2004-06-16 | 2011-01-20 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Zylinderblock |
| DE102011014498A1 (de) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | Outotec Oyj | Klinkerersatzstoff |
| WO2021140095A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur thermischen behandlung mineralischer feststoffe |
| DE102020200186A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung und Farboptimierung von natürlichen Tonen |
| BE1027979A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-08-03 | Thyssenkrupp Ind Solutions Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung und Farboptimierung von natürlichen Tonen |
Families Citing this family (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2605977C2 (ru) | 2012-08-01 | 2017-01-10 | Хэллибертон Энерджи Сервисиз, Инк | Синтетические расклинивающие наполнители и монодисперсные расклинивающие наполнители и способы их изготовления |
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| CA2849415C (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2017-02-28 | Robert D. Skala | Methods for fracturing subterranean formations |
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| WO2017091607A1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-01 | Premier Industries, LLC | System and method for forming spherical silica-based proppant and pig iron utilizing mining slag |
| RU2619603C1 (ru) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-05-17 | Акционерное общество "Боровичский комбинат огнеупоров" | Проппант и способ получения проппанта |
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| CN113249629B (zh) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-06-10 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 一种多孔金属衰减陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114751767B (zh) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-05-12 | 河南城建学院 | 一种用于超高性能混凝土内养护的多孔骨料及其制备方法 |
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| US3763603A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1973-10-09 | Norton Co | Aluminum oxide pressure blasting abrasives and method of making |
| CA1045027A (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1978-12-26 | Walter A. Hedden | Hydraulic fracturing method using sintered bauxite propping agent |
| US4440866A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1984-04-03 | A/S Niro Atomizer | Process for the production of sintered bauxite spheres |
| US4879181B1 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1994-01-11 | Carbo Ceramics Inc. | Sintered spherical pellets containing clay as a major component useful for gas and oil well proppants |
| US4623630A (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1986-11-18 | Standard Oil Proppants Company | Use of uncalcined/partially calcined ingredients in the manufacture of sintered pellets useful for gas and oil well proppants |
| US4894285B1 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1994-01-11 | Carbo Ceramics Inc. | Sintered spherical pellets containing clay as a major component useful for gas and oil well proppants |
| US4427068A (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1984-01-24 | Kennecott Corporation | Sintered spherical pellets containing clay as a major component useful for gas and oil well proppants |
| US4668645A (en) * | 1984-07-05 | 1987-05-26 | Arup Khaund | Sintered low density gas and oil well proppants from a low cost unblended clay material of selected composition |
| US4713203A (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1987-12-15 | Comalco Aluminium Limited | Bauxite proppant |
| US4639427A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1987-01-27 | Norton Company | Stress-corrosion resistant proppant for oil and gas wells |
| NZ223964A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1991-02-26 | Comalco Alu | Filter containing sintered ultrafine bauxite particles for use with fluids at high temperatures |
| US4921820A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1990-05-01 | Norton-Alcoa Proppants | Lightweight proppant for oil and gas wells and methods for making and using same |
| GR1000390B (el) * | 1988-11-22 | 1992-06-30 | Comalco Alu | Κεραμικες μικροσφαιρες |
-
1990
- 1990-12-21 IE IE465090A patent/IE904650A1/en unknown
- 1990-12-21 ES ES90314167T patent/ES2056394T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-21 EP EP90314167A patent/EP0434461B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-21 AT AT90314167T patent/ATE108425T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-12-21 US US07/630,968 patent/US5175133A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-21 NZ NZ236638A patent/NZ236638A/xx unknown
- 1990-12-21 DE DE69010646T patent/DE69010646T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-22 KR KR1019900021532A patent/KR0154119B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-22 CN CN91100740A patent/CN1056674A/zh active Pending
- 1990-12-24 WO PCT/AU1990/000609 patent/WO1991009815A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-12-24 CA CA002033131A patent/CA2033131A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-12-25 JP JP2413795A patent/JPH04263002A/ja active Pending
- 1990-12-26 BR BR909006590A patent/BR9006590A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1991
- 1991-02-09 TW TW080101056A patent/TW235290B/zh active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005027462B4 (de) * | 2004-06-16 | 2011-01-20 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Zylinderblock |
| DE102011014498A1 (de) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | Outotec Oyj | Klinkerersatzstoff |
| DE102011014498B4 (de) * | 2011-03-18 | 2013-04-25 | Outotec Oyj | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Klinkerersatzstoffes, Klinkerersatzstoff, Verwendung des Klinkerersatzstoffs, Zementklinker, Zement, Mörtel oder Beton, Verfahren zur Herstellung des Zementklinkers oder eines Baustoffs und Bauwerk |
| US8906155B2 (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2014-12-09 | Outotec Oyj | Clinker substitute based on calcined clay |
| WO2021140095A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur thermischen behandlung mineralischer feststoffe |
| DE102020200186A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung und Farboptimierung von natürlichen Tonen |
| BE1027979A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-08-03 | Thyssenkrupp Ind Solutions Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung und Farboptimierung von natürlichen Tonen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE108425T1 (de) | 1994-07-15 |
| WO1991009815A1 (en) | 1991-07-11 |
| KR910011697A (ko) | 1991-08-07 |
| EP0434461B1 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
| CA2033131A1 (en) | 1991-11-10 |
| JPH04263002A (ja) | 1992-09-18 |
| KR0154119B1 (ko) | 1998-11-16 |
| ES2056394T3 (es) | 1994-10-01 |
| NZ236638A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
| CN1056674A (zh) | 1991-12-04 |
| IE904650A1 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
| TW235290B (enExample) | 1994-12-01 |
| DE69010646D1 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
| BR9006590A (pt) | 1991-10-01 |
| US5175133A (en) | 1992-12-29 |
| EP0434461A1 (en) | 1991-06-26 |
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