DE617826C - Control device, especially for electrically powered vehicles, with a switching mechanism that is driven both in its forward gear and in its reverse gear by an electric motor, which is reversed in polarity during the transition to the reverse shift direction, and is electrodynamically braked after each switching step - Google Patents

Description

Control device, especially for electrically powered vehicles, with a rear derailleur that works both in its forward gear and in its reverse gear by an electric motor, the polarity of which is reversed when switching to the reverse shift direction, driven and braked electrodynamically after each switching step The invention relates to a switchgear control for electric railways through which when moving of the switching mechanism in one direction the row positions, when moving in the other direction the parallel positions of the traction motors are switched. at such an arrangement is in contrast to the controls in which the Series and parallel positions can be switched in the same direction of movement, the special task is a detent in both directions of rotation of the rear derailleur to be carried out, as the possibility is given depending on the requirements of the company must be through the current monitor or arbitrarily the switching mechanism on each individual To be able to stop level. In the previously known drives of this type there is the switching mechanism consists of two pistons that work against one another and which are driven by a rack and a tickle move the rear derailleur, so that the detent, which with both Movement directions must be available, causes a complicated design. before The start of the stroke is the side of the cylinder after which the movement takes place should (opposite side), filled with compressed air. If the switching stroke is now to begin, then pressure is also applied to the other side, so that equilibrium prevails at first. The pressure on the opposite side is then reduced, so that the equilibrium is disturbed and the pistons are moved one step to the opposite side. Is the When the first switch position is reached, the opposite side automatically returns to the full one Print made; this ends the switching step and continues shading takes place according to the position of the switching relay influenced by the main current.

From this mode of operation, the characteristic of these drives is that a precise distinction is made between the front and the opposite side when switching. The locking consists in that the pressure on the opposite side is reduced and increased again on the full switching positions. You have to proceed accordingly with the return; In this case, however, the previous drive side will act as the opposite side and accordingly the opposite side as the drive side, ie the entire control that was provided for the one direction of rotation for the drive valve must now be used for the opposite valve and vice versa. This results in, that the normal compressed air works intended for the valves tact finger and tax deposits as well: the Twice the number of current monitor contacts. must be provided so that the ver. Turn of a compressed air switchgear, wel = - ches both at the entrance and also - at the. Decrease must have a detent, a considerable additional work; ean switching material makes necessary. The control device according to the invention avoids the above-mentioned parts and refers to a rear derailleur, - that§ both in his forward movement and. even when walking backwards through one Electric motor, which when transitioning to the Reverse shift direction is pooled, driven and after each switching step is braked electrodynamically. The new good exists with this. Derailleur typeY = like was already mentioned in the introduction; that which during its forward gear of the shift ganges, for .. the series production of the ferry motors - used switching stages in both Reverse gears for. the parallel positions be used-- by the .: ITinpolen - des used to drive the rear derailleur Electric motor at the :: transition.- aU the parallel operation of the traction motors, both for example by one of the to switch from -row- on. Parallel: serving. Sagittarius, - whose coils are connected in: -series -without - Contribution: of the leader: is effected automatically. The advantage of this. novel: arrangement opposite to . the introductory -marked, with.Druckluff working rear derailleur consists in that the -: drive is independent - pending: -. from. the respective direction of rotation in - the same way. -and through; the same element ment can be shut down, namely: by Short-circuit braking.: Both, for. the. Decline; as well as: for: the. Decline = the same contact fingers..and control pads on the: derailleur roller-.for derexi detent be used because: -man ,. like, hunted, at. the armature of the motor in both directions of rotation, to the. Stopping the. Äntriebes..lediglich short to close: needs. -. It is ... already a control device. bekarlntgEwoxden ,. die .: with: a., through - an electric motor driven rear derailleur - is working. There is also a umpalung, _ of the. auxiliary engine instead of "if, that, derailleur from .-., the-driving circuit into. the-braking circuit. transforms. Likewise. -will, it-.at everyone Switching step - electro-dynamic _- braked The subject of the invention is different of the known rear derailleur but essential Lich in that not as in the latter case upward regulation in one direction of rotation and a downward regulation is effected in the other direction of rotation of the switching drum, but the contacts can be used again for regulating the series positions by turning the switching mechanism backwards in the parallel positions. In spite of the reverse rotation of the shift drum, a continuous upward regulation of the speed of the MOtGxen to be controlled is achieved with the arrangement according to the invention.

Another advantage is that in the cases of the invention the reversing of the polarity of the motor in the transition from series to parallel automatically, d. H. without the action of the driver, provided that only the command cylinder is in position Stands parallel. Reversing the direction of rotation of the rear derailleur has no effect whatsoever Activity of the guide as a prerequisite as with the known arrangement, where to this Purposes a special switch is required by the driver crank or by a drag switch connected to the drive switch receives. The last-mentioned control arrangement also has the disadvantage that -that..sich-_the Shift drum after - the direction of rotation reversal automatically only up to a certain one Can move the switch position and.-only by turning the driver crank back further to the next basic position it continues to run automatically - to achieve: is; In the arrangement according to the invention runs: the - switching mechanism on the other hand - also .bei his: backward rotation..without-; assistance of: guide automatically continues, and.:. will - only influenced by the relay. From the foregoing it is evident, therefore " that the new. Control quite significant advantages. compared to the prior art: has. -In the drawing, are., Two embodiments of switching mechanisms according to. the Erfin-Jung shown: -. The switchgear .i (Fig. Z) has heavy current switching terminals 2 and 3, the on both; sides one. - Comb - or - cam roller arranged. are: .and von.-cams q. being controlled. That. Derailleur is driven by the auxiliary motor -5 :. 6 is a master driving switch, through which, especially the power breaker 7, the series contactor 8, the earth contactor. 9 ,. that: parallel contactor. -io, the switch. ii-controlled. The series contactor-8. is as. .Negative contactor, trained, . that is, in the unexcited state, always closed and. causes the series connection . the Motosen ,,. while- on the -Parallel position of: Meisterfahxschalters 6 through . Open . of the series contactor-8 and closing the contactors 9 and io the parallel connection of the engines. is manufactured.

Should now: the, vehicle put into operation will, then the driver moves the driver's switch from the zero position to the one in the drawing (Fig. I) = - Position: This first position (switching) - is a preparatory position, on which only the cam contact 35. of the driver's switch is closed. On this position, as can be seen from the drawing. immediately, results, above all Things- the power breaker 7 switched on, which through its main contact- the traction motors, not shown, apply voltage. At the same time he opens his Help skontakt.25, whose mode of operation is described in more detail in the @ below. In addition, the following circuit for the Solenoid 58- of the switch i i for the auxiliary motor 5 energized: Von .dem pantograph via the contact 35, the line 34, the coil 58, the closed auxiliary contact 16 of the series contactor 8 to earth. The ones used to switch from series to parallel Sagittarius 8 ,. 9, io are de-energized in the first two positions of the driver's switch, because the contact 37 of the driver's switch is in these positions. is open. Since that Contactor 8 is designed as a negative contactor, it holds both his. Main contact 15, with which the motors are switched, as well as his. Auxiliary contact 16 for the control circuit of the switch i i closed. The field: for the engine 5 is energized in all positions of the driver's switch.

If the driver moves the driver's switch to the series position, the cam contact 36 is closed so that now the coil 17 of the brake relay 12 is excited in the following way: From the. Current collector via the contact 36, the coil 17, the contact 39 of the closed limit switch 13, the contact 22 of a relay 21, the contact finger 45, the lining 44, the lining 42 of the switching mechanism to earth. The brake relay 12 picks up so that it closes its upper contacts. This closes the following circuit for: the armature of the auxiliary motor 5: From the pantograph via the line 38, the upper contacts of the relay 17, the left contact of the switch ii, the armature of the motor 5, the right contact of the Changeover switch ii to earth. The motor thus develops a torque and moves the switching mechanism i via the worm gear 32, namely the switching mechanism is moved in the direction of the arrow series. After replacement. one. The contact 41 on the switchgear i runs onto the covering 42 in a certain way. As a result: the coil 33 of the limit switch 13 is applied, so that this relay picks up without delay and, by opening its: contact 39, the interruption of the coil 17 of the brake switch 12 is prepared. As long as the contact finger 41 slides on the lining 42. but the coils 17 and -33 - the switch i2 or 13 in series - applied voltage; so that both switches remain energized. After the end of a further switching path, shortly before reaching the first driving position; The contact 41 slides off the coating 42, so that the two coils 17, .and- 33. are de-energized. The brake switch 12 drops out without delay, while the limit switch 13 drops out with a delay due to its damping. Through the dropping of the limit switch i- the armature of the motor -5 is switched off by the voltage = and,. As can be seen from the drawing, it is short-circuited via a braking resistor 4o and earth. The auxiliary motor 5 is braked sharply and brings the switching mechanism to a standstill. If the rear derailleur has not yet reached the i position. completely to a standstill. has come, then can,. anyway - the. Contact finger 43: has accumulated on the first pad .4, the coil 17 of the switch 12 is not energized. are, da-, das- = limit relay -i3 -, - whose_Erregtxng interrupted-. is; delayed - falls off and. only after a certain time has elapsed its contacts 39 close. Only then - is the coil i7 '- connected to voltage, the short-circuit brake is interrupted and the. Auxiliary motor connected to voltage for the next switching step. In this way, the rear derailleur is in the last row position =? switched through.

On the last series position .7, the contact fingers 4i and 4.5 of the switchgear i leave the pads so that the brake switch 12 drops and the motor 5 cannot move the rear derailleur any further. At this speed level you can now that: vehicle. continue without resistance level.

The high-voltage circuit is in principle: shown in Fig.-3: 5o and 51 are the two 1Vlotor groups whose individual motors are permanently connected in parallel. are: The groups should go through. the switchgear in series and. in parallel- connected- will. The .Motorgruppen are on -the first position of the rear derailleur -in. Row with resistors 52 and 53.. The series contactor 8 is closed. the Contactors 9 and io are open. In addition, all of the cam contacts are except for the both contacts 47 and 49 open. The current now flows from the mains via the motor group 50, den- Kontakt47, den. Resistor 52, the contactor 8, the resistor 53, the contact 49, the motor group 51 to earth. By the rotation described above of the switchgear: i will now be the remaining ones Cam contacts closed, namely, in position 2, the two to the left of contacts 47 and 49 shown-cam contacts closed, so that part of the starting resistance is short-circuited. In a similar way, all of the following in turn will now be made Contacts up. to contacts 46 and 48 closed, see that in position 7 of the Switching mechanism the resistors 52 and 53 are ineffective. The current then runs from the pantograph via the motor group 5o, the contact 46, the contactor 8, the contact 48, the motor group 51 to earth. All cam contacts are in the last series production open except for contacts 46 and -48.

If you want to drive in parallel, the driver moves the driver's switch to the last position. This closes the contact 37 so that the coils of the contactors 8, g, io are excited in the following way: -from the current collector via the contact 37, the coils of the contactors, the coating 59 of the switching mechanism i to earth. The contactors now move their contacts in the direction indicated by the relevant arrows, namely the contacts of the series contactor 8 are opened and the contacts of the other two contactors are closed. After tightening, the three contactors keep voltage through the auxiliary contact ig of the contactor io: The circuit of the travel rotors, namely the first parallel position, can now be seen from Fig. 3. The current runs from the pantograph via the motor group 5o, the contact 46, the resistor 52, the contactor g to earth. The current for the other motor group runs from the pantograph via the contactor io; the resistor 53, the contact q: 8, the motor group 5i-to earth.

When the contactor 8 fell, the contact 16 of this contactor was opened, so that the coil 58 of the changeover switch ri is de-energized - and this changeover switch is moved into the parallel position under the influence of the spring 18 - the armature of the auxiliary motor is in this position 5, as can be seen from the drawing, reversed polarity. At the same time, the following circuit for the coil 17 of the brake switch i2 is closed: From the current collector via the contact 36, the coil 17, the contact 39 of the limit relay 1 3, the contact 22, the line 27, the auxiliary contact 2o of the contactor io, the lining 5 j of the switching mechanism i to earth. The switch i: picks up so that its upper contacts are closed and the motor is connected to voltage. Since the polarity of the armature of the motor 5 was reversed by the down switch, while the field maintained the same polarity, the motor now moves the switching mechanism i in the opposite sense than in the series positions. In this case, the switching takes place exactly as described above for the series connection.

With the parallel connection, as can be seen from Fig. 3, the contacts to the right of the contacts 46 and 48 are closed one after the other, until the last series production position has been reached, the two engine groups 5o and 51 are connected to voltage without series resistors.

In order to prevent the auxiliary motor 5 from turning the switching mechanism down to the zero position, a relay 2i is provided, which is excited by the contact 37 of the driver's switch 6 and via the lining 23 at position 14 of the switching mechanism; and this relay is energized, it interrupts the circuit for the coil 17 of the brake switch i2, so that the switching mechanism is stopped at the last position of the 14th

If the switching mechanism is to be brought back into the zero position from any position, then the driver moves the driver's switch 6 into the zero position. As a result, the contact 35 is opened and the control current coil of the line breaker 7 is de-energized. This falls off and closes a circuit for the coil 24 of the brake switch 12. This circuit runs from the current collector via the line 38, the contact 25 of the line breaker 7, the coil 24 of the brake switch i2, the lining 26 of the switching mechanism, which in all positions relevant contact finger bridged to earth. The brake switch 12, so pulls and applies voltage to the motor. Before that, the spring had 1 8 . the changeover switch ii thrown because the opening of the contact 35 on the driver's switch 6 had deenergized the holding magnet -58 for the changeover switch ii. The auxiliary motor is therefore switched on in the sense in which it moves the switching mechanism back into the zero position.

In order to prevent the driver from immediately switching over from the zero position to the parallel positions, provision has been made to ensure that the control elements for the parallel connection can only be connected to voltage at the last series position. The starting circuit of the contactors 8, 9, io runs over a segment 59, which connects the relevant contacts only in the last series position of the switching mechanism i. So, before the first parallel position is established, all series positions must be run through.

In Fig. 2, a switching mechanism control is shown in which two motors affect the rear derailleur. The from Fig. I known Elements are provided with the same reference symbols. , The two auxiliary engines are labeled 3'o and 31, respectively. Since the driver's switch 6 is in the switch position stands, the switch r z is in the position shown in the drawing. If you want to start now, then switch 6 is moved to the series position, so that the contact 36 is closed. As a result, the changeover relay 6o a circuit is closed, the bottom contact 14 on the line 61 Switching mechanism i, the contact of the switching relay 54 and the contact of the relay 21 runs through the coil 55 of the switching relay 6o. The relay 6o picks up and applies the motor 3o, as can be seen directly from the drawing, to voltage. The anchor circle the motor 31 is opened at the same time. The motor 3o now moves via the worm drive 32 the rear derailleur r. The contacts 56 of the switching mechanism are between the positions o and i i bridged by the first pad 57, so that the lifting coil of the switching relay 54 is connected in series with the coil 55 of the changeover relay. The spool 55 remains energized, although the lining 14 has interrupted the starting circuit of this coil. In the full switch position i, the contacts 56 have run off their coating, so that the holding circuit for the coil 55 is interrupted. The changeover relay So 6o drops, opens the circuit for the motor 3o and closes the armature of the motor 31, as is immediately apparent from the drawing, briefly, so that this the rear derailleur brakes. The starting circuit for this coil is again prepared via the corresponding covering 14, but it is only closed when when the switching relay 54 has dropped out again. Since the lifting coil of the stepping relay is switched off by pad 57, the relay cannot drop out as long as than the current flowing in the main current winding does not reach the set value has subsided. As soon as this is the case, however, the incremental relay drops out, and A new one is initiated and carried out in the manner described above.

The parallel connection takes place in the same way as in the arrangement according to Fig. i. For practical operation, the use of two auxiliary motors as shown in Fig. 2 are preferable, since when driven by one motor an exact stopping of the rear derailleur after the switching step is in question is. The motor must first be switched over for the braking process, without any loss of time not possible. When using. two motors, on the other hand, sets the braking effect immediately one. The arrangement can of course also be made so that for the series positions Motor 3o as drive and motor 3 r as brake motor and for the parallel positions Motor 31 acts as a drive and motor 3o as a brake motor.

One can also make the arrangement so that a single motor, solenoid or a similarly acting drive member is provided, which when moving the switching mechanism loads a spring into the individual series positions. The rear derailleur is then in the parallel positions moved back by the spring. The motor can be locked in place serve as an inhibitor and either be connected to a short-circuit brake circuit or with a resistor connected in front of the voltage in the countercurrent sense. the Latching can also be carried out using an indexing relay or in any other known manner will.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Control device, in particular for electrically operated vehicles, with a switching mechanism, which is driven both in its forward gear and in its reverse gear by an electric motor, which is reversed in polarity during the transition to the reverse shift direction, and braked electrodynamically after each switching step, characterized in that the switching mechanism the in the forward gear of the shift gear for the series position of the traction motors, the gear steps used in its reverse gear for the parallel positions by reversing the polarity of the electric motor used to drive the switching mechanism, when switching to parallel operation of the traction motors, for example by one of the ones used to switch from series to parallel Contactors, the coils of which are connected in series, are brought about automatically without the operator having to do anything. 2. Control device according to Claim r, characterized in that the switching mechanism (i) after reaching the last Series production stops; by the drive motor (5) through the brake switch (12) is disconnected from the network, and that the parallel operation by moving the driver's switch (6) is initiated on the parallel position. 3. Control device according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the switchover to parallel and thus the Reversing the polarity of the auxiliary motor only after reaching the last series position by means of one Shift roller contact (59) is effected. q .. Control device according to claim i to 3, characterized in that on all series positions of the switching mechanism except the last pads (i4) are provided, which prepare the control circuit that the control circuit of the auxiliary motor - in front of the corresponding contact finger of the switchgear branches off, and that an auxiliary contact of the parallel contactor. and one in the last Series position on the switching mechanism arranged lining (59) is guided to earth. . 5. Control device according to claim i to q., Characterized in that the as Series contactor (8) designed as a negative contactor has an auxiliary contact (i6) which in the deenergized state of the contactor, the circuit for the switching magnet (58) of the Changeover switch (i i) for the auxiliary smbtor (5) closes. 6. Control device according to claim i to 5, characterized in that the automatic shutdown on the last Parallel setting by a changeover relay (2i) 'and an auxiliary pad (23) on the Derailleur takes place. 7. Control device according to claim i to 6, characterized in that that the auxiliary motor is switched to reverse in the zero position of the driver's switch (6) is, and that this circuit via a bypass line (38) the in -der zero position the driver's switch (6) closed contact of a contactor (7) 'and one over all positions of the switching mechanism (i) - leading lining (26) is closed. -8th. - Control device according to claim i to 7, characterized in that the contactor (7) also serves as a power interrupter for the return. 9. Control device according to claims i to 6, characterized in that during the movement of the switching mechanism A spring is charged into the series positions, which in parallel operation or Retrieve the switchgear moved back in a manner known per se. -io. Control device according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking mechanism is short-circuited the drive motor ,. Switching in the countercurrent sense or by means of a switching relay is effected.