DE4220533A1 - Operating spinning plant section - with several spinning machines involves rough plan for mfg. lots based on contracts - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for operating a spinning plant section comprising several spinning machines, involves making a rough plan to determine which mfg. lot is produced at what time and with what quantity. The process uses a computer (122) and takes into account the basic prodn. data associated with the individual mfg. lots. The data has to be sufficient to work out the specific prodn. to be expected. The use of the machines and the prodn. that has taken place at an up-to-date period of time are also taken into account in carrying out a comparison with the target output set in the plan. A calculation is made as to when the target output will be reached. A comparison follows to establish whether the target times can be maintained. In the event of unacceptable delays of production shortfalls, the process involves investigating whether there is unutilised machine capacity in the spinning section in question. If the rough plane cannot be adhered to, this fact is registered. The process involves fine planning based on changing the mfg. lot on to another machine and the actual amt. produced is monitored continuously. ADVANTAGE - The operation of a spinning plant is made more economical and easy-to-follow.

Description

The present invention relates to a method of operation a section of a spin spanning several spinning machines in which a large-scale planning of the customer or warehouse orders from spinning to production production batch is carried out to operational orders for the specified area, in the sense of which production lot at what time in which quantity per should be reduced.

A rough plan of the type discussed will work for most Spinning mills still largely carried out manually, under Use of the experience of the respective planner.

Depending on the type of spinning mill, rough planning is used different criteria for use. Some spinning mills are organized, for example, to be many different Process sales orders in relatively small quantities, however have relatively few constantly running product lines, so that rarely, if at all, so-called warehouse orders are processed, d. H. Orders from the spinning line to manufacture the right products because you have the expectation to be able to sell such products in the future. Other Spinning mills, on the other hand, specialize in the production of a few, constantly desired yarn products, so-called articles, spe often specializes and satisfies the wishes of customers Stock of finished products. Between the two ex tremen, d. H. only customer orders or just warehouse orders are natural Lich interim solutions, d. H. partly customer orders, partly La orders, possible.

Problematic with the previous rough planning and the closing detailed planning, in which the assignment of the manuf of the individual articles for the individual machines is that the many variables that are here Play role, d. i.e., taken into account in the planning must be relatively difficult to miss, the The spinning work is very dependent on the skills of the planner is pending and great difficulty with a possible  Failure of the planner can arise. The impact of up herigen system is therefore that the method of operation one area spanning several spinning machines conditionally carried out with maximum economy could be, so that production losses, possibly quality man gel, could occur. The previous procedure also reacts are relatively inflexible to the actual circumstances, d. H. on whether the operating personnel expected on a day actually exists to the scheduled maintenance or order to be able to perform positioning work.

It is also the case with the previous manual planning process been relatively difficult to ensure that important ter tied orders that may also be contracted penalties are connected, timely. Also if the planner saw a way of production of the time-bound article or production batch increasing, for example by commissioning a stationary machine or by interrupting one less urgent order and change of production on the affected machine, it is always difficult to know if you have found a good solution, or whether you should not cause further future difficulties that cannot be overlooked for the time being.

The object of the present invention is a method for the operation of an area comprising several spinning machines a spinning mill to plan and therefore also the operation of the area more economical and over can be made more visible (taking into account the actual conditions in the operation of the spinning mill seem), so that the output of the spinning machines as a whole increased and the timely completion of each Production lots with little planning effort and under consideration consideration of the actual conditions in the Be rich (in terms of existing staff) hend can be achieved, so that the manufacturing process as a whole is much more economical.  

To achieve this object, the invention provides that with the help of a computer and taking into account the the basic production assigned to the individual production lots data to calculate the expected specific Production of the respective production lots on the permissible Machines are sufficient, and taking into account the opposed machine assignment and the current machine assignment production of the individual production lots followed a ver immediately with the target product specified by the rough planning tion is carried out and it is calculated for which Time the target product specified by the rough planning tion is likely to be achieved that a comparison by to determine whether the target dates have been met Possible or unacceptable delays or the quantity falls short of the target date that in the event of an unacceptable delay in delivery or men undershot, it is checked whether unused machine Capacity in the spinning area mentioned, the gefor the most amount is available on time, and, if so, one Production batch change to the corresponding machine for the first time possible time is scheduled that in the event that such unused machine capacity is not or only inaccurately there is a change of production batch to at least one already allocated machine is scheduled that in the case an unavoidable injury despite the change of production batch the rough planning of this is reported, whereby by the planned production changeover to achieve detailed planning Specifications of the rough planning is achieved, and that the actual quantities produced are continuously monitored and monitored the target production of the respective originating from the rough planning machines and the finely planned Fer change of job status upon reaching the target production solves and performed.

Because the computer, i. H. the planning computer access has to the basic production data, which for the calculation of the expected specific production of the respective ferti  sufficient on the permissible machines, he is in able to carry out an extrapolation so that, starting of the product already reached at the current time tion of the individual machines, one with relatively high accuracy can predict at any selected time what quantities of the production lots will be completed. The same for the production of a specific production lot on several machines, the Ge total production of the individual machines taking into account extrapolation of the respective production rates. Kick a deviation from the expected production notice this immediately by recording the production cash, so that the planning computer is able to do so ensure that the projections are always up to date stand still. Because the result of the extrapolation at for example, can be displayed on a screen and not in the form of a paper representation that is continuous The presentation as such must be revised clearer and it is also easier for the planner get information about the expected condition agreed to provide target date. This can also Production failures or underproduction are more easily recognized and they can be corrected in time. Also the correction is made easier because of the computer support can ensure that the planner first strives to stationary machines, d. H. not used or released de Machine capacity to make up for production needs to use. Only if this is not successful will a ferti change on a machine that is already running plans to meet the targeted production needs in this way to fulfill on a critical article. Through the computer support is also easy for the planner here Avoid and safely avoid unfavorable production changes make sure that by scheduling a certain ferti change on one machine to produce one their production lot not or not in an impermissible manner at risk.  

By access to basic production data as well as Data indicating the applicability of the individual spinning machines Describing specific products can also be guaranteed that only rational production breaks take place Find. For example, would the planner try to get a Ma machine that always runs with pure cotton, also for those Production of yarn from man-made fibers according to plan this step would either be blocked by the computer or he is given a warning that this Production batch change at a very large changeover effort leads, and that it would be more rational to consider whether one does not switch to another machine before takes where the roving is already available, and the changeover effort would therefore be lower. Also not all spinning machines of one be agreed area for the production of yarns from various titers, but some machines are suitable more for making fine yarns while others Machines better for the production of medium or coarse yarns should be used. Because the computer Has access to all this information, he can correspond appropriate programming ensure that the rational Most possible changes are only considered by the planner and that unfavorable changes largely avoided that will.

Because the production of the individual machines is recorded and communicated to the computer, it is also capable immediately before the target production is reached release, whereby the operating personnel on the be protruding end of production of a certain manufacturing lots and the upcoming switch to the next ferti stunned, d. H. attention to the production batch change is made. This also ensures that the Fer change at the right time, whereby by avoiding delays in total production velvet is increased.  

According to a variant of the process, the production lots changes are always planned and carried out in such a way that they always in full deductions, d. H. for example at an area consisting of ring spinning machines, always when the spinner heads are full of packages. Here through will make subsequent rework easier tert, for example, because the search for the yarn which is relieved. On the other hand, the ratio of Production time optimized at doffing time, which also the host Production benefits.

An important embodiment of the invention stands out by the fact that the company calendar entered into the computer ben, or that the computer by connecting to a white teren computer of the company access to the company calendar receives, which means that production times are blocked from the outset, such as B. blocked by public holidays or company holidays Times are included in the detailed planning. This will not only takes into account that production in locked Production times are not running or possibly never at one lower speed runs automatically, but the ge locked times are shown to the planner so that he does not schedule a production batch change during this time, but perhaps certain maintenance work if the would declare responsible persons, while the blocked production times to work.

Another special feature of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that with every change of production batch, the expected changeover time is taken into account in the detailed planning, for example in the form of stored information on histori changeover times for comparable changeover processes or in Form of fixed changeover times.

By using historical data for the pla of changeover times, whereby this data is not only due to retrofitting work, but also the experience of can take into account the people chosen for this  asked that always realistic changeover times for the pla voltage are used, so that for this reason the pla better and production is increased overall.

By using a computer, however, the changeover time to be expected with every production batch change the individual work to be carried out and under consideration Calculation of available staff. The result of The calculation can then also be carried out on the manager's screen son or the master are broken down so that he immediately recognizes how and where the changeover time ver can be shortened, d. H. the leader or the master the possibility is given to accept the calculation or modify, for example by assigning at least one other helper. This possibility reflects the practice in some spinning mills that at Um set-up processes that are personnel-intensive, not just the usual assistants from the spinning mill itself, but possibly other helpers from the office with the necessary retrofit can be employed.

If, as is sought according to the invention, the computer Access to the time clock or to information on presence the individual employee can do so shortly before implementation a certain production batch change from the computer be checked once whether the retrofitting work through the previous perform in the manner envisaged is cash. If not, a modification can be made relatively quickly retrofit program and any resulting postponements are immediately recorded so that detailed planning is always more up to date than was possible so far, which is a good prerequisite for this offers that the production runs most economically. In this context, the invention therefore provides that the changeover times shortly before, but close to the scheduled Changeover time, taking into account the actually existing a workforce is checked and, if necessary, recalculated.  

Should the compliance with the calculation of the changeover time too basic conditions do not seem possible, e.g. because the intended workforce is missing, the computer can a corresponding warning or alarm to be triggered.

Furthermore, the skills and experiences of the individual members of the workforce to perform certain tasks be entered on the computer or from the computer accessed by connecting to another computer and take into account when calculating the changeover times be done. This also ensures that the data is always up to date exploited for detailed planning, what the quality of planning and therefore also the desired increase in production benefits is coming.

It is also possible according to the invention that before the through Management of a production batch change of the computer a person nalplan prints this out, which is then sent to the is distributed to individual data subjects. This will largely supports the organization of the company, which ultimately also benefits production.

The planning activity can be done through a screen display are supported by the fact that a cursor is preferably used It can be moved along a time axis by a mouse any point in time can be selected and the corresponding cursor speaking production of the respective production lots to the selected time can be printed out or displayed, preferably in the form of a bar chart, the lengths of the individual coils the reached or probably he enough production at the time considered either specify with absolute or percentage values.

The bar chart and / or an additional tabular Representation can be the one expected at the time in question Production status of the individual Fer calculated by the computer unemployed and the target at the time considered  Target production status of the individual production lots and / or the respective target production of the individual production lots at the respective completion date and / or the expected as well as the requested end dates, from which for the Be is immediately apparent whether the production is on schedule runs moderately and on time.

The representation of the achieved or expected production of the individual production lots on the individual machines of the mentioned range is preferably such that the normal Displayed on the screen a period before the egg the actual time of viewing and a period of time after the actual time of viewing, and that by moving the cursor over the time limits of the Representation beyond that achieved in the past production or the product expected in the future status, can be shown or displayed.

By moving a display element on the screen what preferably done with a mouse so the item with the corresponding production status display selected production lot is aligned and confirmed by a cessation command can preferably be a selected Fer corresponding display or a menu is displayed without confirmation which the choice between a display closer Anga for the selected production lot and the choice of a pro to program a change on the out selected production lot on a selected machine light.

After selecting the machine on which the Ferti change of lottery ticket for the production of the production lot should be planned and after confirmation by offered the operator, the operator another menu a selection will at least include some of the following offers:

• a) the selection of a display of the respective setting  parameters of the machine under consideration,
• b) the planning of the change to the production lot ( 4 ) on the selected machine,
• c) a change to programming that has already been made such as
• d) carrying out at least one control, for example one Check the winder load or the efficiency of the Machine (process efficiency) taking into account the ge planned production batch change, or the stocks of that respective production lot corresponding template material.

The display or the menu can be selected when choosing the Einpla b) also a representation of the respective Be service allocation and entry of information for scheduling allow operator allocation, the operator allocation can be scheduled during a production batch change.

The operator allocation can be in the form of bar or stripe are presented for each type of operator spinners or mechanics a respective bar or Strip display with time as the abscissa and the number of Operator optionally as a percentage as ordinate.

As a control, the programming of the computer can be done be taken that a comparison of the planned Be Allocation of services with the utilization of the intended operator is performed, and it can be when entering allotments that match those before seen operators are not compliant, a warning shows, the planning only on express The programmer's request is accepted, for example then if this has the intention of changing the operator staff by each to temporarily add someone from the office.

In general, detailed planning can be carried out  that violations of target dates or quantity requirements conditions that are far in the future are accepted and that a warning is triggered at a later time, provided that the injury has been pre- planning or modification of the production is not yet considered outdated applies.

In addition to the inventive concept, the computer Anga received on the available input material and at the on planning a production batch change check whether at Sufficient start of production of a new production lot Input material is available to help with the targeted product efficiency, taking into account the possible aftermath delivery of the appropriate primary material the planned ferti to be completed on schedule without hesitation. This will si made sure that the production was not caused by insufficient Pre-material is delayed unnecessarily.

Especially when the area under consideration is ring spinning machines includes, it is useful according to the invention that this ring available bobbin capacity allocated to spinning machines monitor and report to the computer. The computer is like that programmed that he would send the appropriate notification periodically then checked whether the coil capacity expected at the production is sufficient and, if this is not the case, one Warning indicates that corrective action will be taken can. For example, that the coil capacity is increased or the speed of the rewinding process is increased.

It is particularly favorable that the maintenance plans for the one individual machines in the area mentioned also in the Com Computer entered or from this at least one other ren computer, for example from the individual machine rake nern is available, and that required maintenance be taken into account and planned in the detailed planning, if necessary by postponing or postponing maintenance work, so that this immediately before, after or during a fine Planned production lot changes are carried out, provided  this shift is justifiable.

In summary, the present invention relates to a method to operate a spinning machine comprising several Area of a spinning mill, in which a rough planning of the under Consideration of customer or warehouse orders from the Spinning carried out to produce production lots order orders for the area mentioned to determine, in the sense of which production lot to at what point in time and in what quantity, characterized in that detailed planning using a Computer is made to take into account the Plant calendar, shift plans and manufacturing to decide recipes for the individual production lots, too which production lot on which machine at which point in time should be produced and that the range mentioned the spin operated according to the result of this detailed planning becomes.

Preferred embodiments of the method and device The subclaims are applicable to the implementation of the same remove.

The invention is based on the figures he he clarifies, with reference to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the connection several rer ring spinning machines a subject region to a planning computer,

Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross section through a ring spinning machine for the presentation of the individual components or assemblies,

Fig. 3 shows a somewhat modified representation of the Ringspinnma machine according to Fig. 2 for a more detailed view of some essential components of the invention,

Fig. 4 is a graphical representation of all data from the rough planning to the desired amount and he wanted time of completion of production loose,

However, like Fig. 5 a of Fig. 4, position detailed Dar,

Fig. 6 shows an alternative representation to the representation in FIG. 5,

Fig. 7 is a graphical representation of the operating calendar for the individual machine,

Fig. 8 is a graphical representation of a shift schedule bezo gene on the considered spinning area,

Fig. 9 is a graphical representation of a shift schedule bezo gene on a single machine,

Figure 10 is an example of a summary graphic planning. For fine, which appears on the screen of the planning computation ners,

Fig schedule. 11 of the overlay in deciding the manufacture of the production lot 4,

Fig schedule. 12 of the overlay in deciding a manufacturing change overs on the machine M6,

FIG. 13 is a pattern for a screen in the review of the conditions for a change from the production lot 1 to the production lot 4 machine on the Ma M6 on January 4 at 7.05 am in the morning,

Fig. 14 is a screen display when calculating the total time for the Ge Fertigungsloswechsel corresponding to FIG. 13,

Fig. 15 is an illustration of a first possibility, amending Council allocation operator in carrying out the Fertigungsloswechsels of FIGS. 13 and 14,

Fig. 16 shows a further possibility to change the pitch at a Bedienerzu Fertigungsloswechsel corresponding to FIG. 13 or 14,

Fig. 17 is a view similar to FIG. 14 for the entire time of the Fertigungsloswechsels, but after changing the allocation operator,

Fig. 18 is a computer graphic for indicating whether the position of the Her production lot sufficient 4 allocated for the required machine production,

Fig. 19 shows the modified form of the bar graph of Fig. 10 after scheduling the production lot 4 ne on the Maschi M6,

Fig. 20 is a view of a possibility that de Produktionsen to change a selected manufacturing lot or schedule,

Fig. 21 is a modified view corresponding to Fig. 18,

Fig. 22 is a representation of a possible computer proposal for the next machine in which a production lot is to be performed alternately,

Fig. 23 is a view similar to the view of Fig. 18, however, after the allocation of two machines

Fig. 24 is a modified version of the screen display of FIG. 10, after the scheduling of the manufacture of the production lot 4 to the machine M6 and M8

Fig. 25 is an alternative representation to the representation of FIG. 18,

Fig. 26 is a screen overlay display, wherein the selection of the "control" facility according to the illustration of FIG. 12

Fig. 27 is an overlay, which is useful for viewing or scheduling a maintenance on a particular machine, here on the machine M6.

Description of an example of a ring spinning machine standing production area as well as explanations to the Construction of the ring spinning machines as a background for the after following explanation

Fig. 1 shows a portion of a spinning mill, which comprises 8 ring spinning machine 10 in this example. Each ring spinning machine has, in a manner known per se, as shown in more detail with reference to the upper left ring spinning machine, a machine head 12 and a machine base 14 , between which individual spinning positions 16 are provided on both sides of the ring spinning machine. In modern ring spinning machines, the number of individual spinning stations on each side of the ring spinning machine is approximately 500 to 600. For the sake of illustration, however, far fewer spinning stations 16 are indicated in FIG. 1. As is also well known and schematically indicated in Fig. 1 with reference to the upper left ring spinning machine, there are roving bobbins in the gate 18 above the ring spinning machine, the roving wound up on the roving bobbins (not shown in Fig. 1) by a schematic table The drafting system 20 is stretched and wound on spinning sleeves, which are located at the individual spinning positions 16 and are driven by a drive motor of the ring spinning machine, either with the usual tangential belt drive or with a single spindle drive. The design of the individual ring spinning machines is clearer from the design according to FIG. 2.

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a ring spinning machine, which is familiar to any person skilled in the art.

The ring spinning machine 10 is fastened on a foundation 22 on the bottom of the spinning mill and is constructed symmetrically on both sides of the elongated plane of symmetry 24 . In the upper part of the ring spinning machine is the above-mentioned gate 18 , which contains three roving bobbins 28 , 30 and 32 on each side of the machine. Of the two roving bobbins 28 and 30 , the respective rovings or rovings 29 , 31 run via a deflection 34 through a guide 36 into the drafting unit 20 . One roving goes to the spinning station 16 shown in the plane of the drawing, while the second roving is led to an immediately adjacent spinning station behind the plane of the drawing.

As can be seen, the roving bobbin 28 is half unwound, while the roving bobbin 30 is still relatively full. Since the two bobbins are unwound at the same speed, the roving bobbin 28 is empty first and is then replaced with the roving bobbin 32 , which is a reserve bobbin. The empty bobbin tube 38 is then inserted replaced and a new reserve spool 40 instead of to take precedence roving bobbin 32 in the gate. Before the bobbin 30 is next empty and then replaced with the next reserve bobbin 40 , etc.

The introduction of the new reserve coils, such as 40 , is realized by means of a transport system, which is identified here by the box 42 shown in dashed lines. The box 42 is only drawn on the left half of the figure, while the reference numerals for the individual parts of the ring spinning machine are only shown on the right side of the ring spinning machine. This representation is only chosen for the sake of clarity. In fact, the transport system is present on the right side of the machine in the same way as on the left side.

When changing the roving bobbins, a roving bobbin changer can be used, which is shown here with the dashed line box 44 . It is the task of the roving bobbin changer to replace the empty roving bobbin 86 or 88 with the reserve bobbin 90 or 100 in sections, for example for 24 spinning positions, and also to ensure that the new incoming roving is connected to the old, outgoing roving is so that the spinning operation can continue uninterrupted.

Below the roving bobbin changer is a loading robot 46 , which is shown in more detail in outline. The operating robot 46 can be designed, for example, as specified in the German patent application P 39 09 746.3. It has, for example, a suction pipe 48 , the mouth 50 of which can be manipulated three-dimensionally by means of a joint system 52 . The operating robot 46 carries a supply of auxiliary thread, which can be delivered via the pair of rollers 54 and sucked into the mouth 50 of the suction pipe. The auxiliary thread sucked into the suction tube is then wound with its one end around a spinning sleeve provided in the operated spinning station, threaded into the thread guide 56 and then attached to the fiber stream emerging from the drafting device 20 . If a thread break can be remedied in this way, the operating robot continues to the next thread break. If this does not succeed, then in this example, a sliver stop device is actuated via a device 58 . Below the operating robot, there is an automatic doffer 60 , which exchanges the full spinning heads for empty spinning tubes. This doffer generally extends over the entire length of the ring spinning machine, and it is hoped on both sides of the ring spinning machine at all spinning positions simultaneously. When doffing, the operating robot 46 must be moved out of the area of the doffing, ie to the machine head 12 of FIG. 1.

The doffer 60 , which is shown in Fig. 2, is controlled by the ring spinning machine and has no own control computer in this example. However, it would also be possible in principle to provide an automatic doffer that has its own control computer.

An automatic ring traveler changer can also be provided, which is indicated here purely schematically with the box 62 .

Finally, a traveling blower device 64 is provided which can be moved along the ring spinning machine and frees it from fiber fly. For this purpose, this Wanderge blower device has an overhead fan 66 , which sucks air and fiber fly through the suction heads 68 near the ground and, after filtering out the flight fibers, blows out the sucked air as compressed air via the compressed air supports 70 and corresponding nozzles 72 . The blown-out air is used to free the areas at risk of fiber flight from fiber flight, which falls to the ground and is sucked into the suction heads. As can be seen from a comparison between the left and right side of the traveling blower device, the compressed air connection parts 70 can be swiveled by 90 °, specifically from the operating position on the right side of the machine to the rest position, which here is only on the left side of the machine is shown. The purpose of this rotary movement is to avoid a collision between the traveling fan device and the operating robot.

All peripheral devices have their own micro processor control and are connected to one another or to the operating robot and the machine control computer 74 ( FIG. 1) of the ring spinning machine. As a result, the entire function of the ring spinning machine can be controlled in a timely manner. For example, the pivoting movement of the compressed air nozzle 70 of the traveling blower device carrying the air nozzles 72 into the rest position (left side of FIG. 2) is always initiated in good time when the operating robot is in the way. Also, both the operating robot and the fan blower can be moved out of the working area of the ring spinning machine if a doffing operation is to be carried out. As a further example, a collision between an automatic ring traveler changer and the operating robot is also avoided by means of mutual communication. Since all messages are sent via the same feed lines to which the control computer of the ring spinning machine is connected, the ring spinning machine is always informed about the entire operating status.

With this construction, it is also easily possible to request the introduction of new reserve roving bobbins 40 via the transport system 42 , as well as the timely replacement of the idling roving bobbins with reserve roving bobbins.

The details of the drafting unit 20 are shown on a larger scale in FIG. 3, this FIG. 3 of FIG. 2 being very similar to the aforementioned German patent application P 39 09 746.3 and showing further details of the operating robot. However, the representation of FIG. 3 is slightly different from the presentation of the ring spinning machine of FIG. 2 from. For a more detailed description of the operating robot, reference is made to the German patent application just mentioned or the corresponding US patent application No. 497 400. At this point it should be mentioned that the present invention is by no means to be used only when a yarn breakage operating robot or other automatic operating devices are used, rather the present invention can also be used with conventional ring spinning systems, provided the corresponding ring spinning dimensions Machine facilities that allow the monitoring of ongoing production or recording of the yarn produced ge.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3 results in the roving 29 from the roving bobbin 28 by the deflection means 34, first through a funnel 73 and then through a Vorgarnstoppeinrichtung 75 in the drafting device 20 into it. As usual, the funnel 73 executes an oscillating movement perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 3. The drafting system 20 consists in this example of three lower rollers 76 , 78 and 80 , which leads out as continuous rollers and are driven as usual. Above the three rollers 76, 78, 80, there are three cylinders 82, 84 and 86, which are ben through the respective bottom rollers 76, 78, 80 is trie. The roller pairs 76 , 82 and 78 , 84 form a first pre-draft zone between them, in which the roving 29 undergoes a first stretching due to the different speeds of the roller pairs. The pair of rollers 78 , 84 is equipped with rotating aprons 88 and 90 , respectively, and therefore forms an apron drafting system which is also well known in the field of ring spinning machines. The aprons run at the surface speed of the lower roller 78 and, together with the pair of rollers 80 , 86, form a main draft zone, where the roving 29 undergoes further stretching. Below the lower roller 80 there is a suction nozzle 92 which, in the event of a thread break, sucks in the fiber stream emerging from the pair of rollers 80 , 86 . The stretched roving is rotated in the operation of the ring spinning machine by means of the rotary movement of the spinning sleeve 17 to a yarn and wound around the spinning sleeve 17 provided in the respective spinning station 16 .

On the way to the spinning tube, the yarn passes through a thread guide 94 through an antiballoon ring 96 and through a ring traveler 98 which , as usual, runs around a ring track 100 of the ring bank 102 under the effect of the thread tension. The spinning sleeve 17 is seated on a driven spindle 104 , which is rotatably mounted in the spindle bank 106 and driven by the tan gential belt 108 here in the direction of the arrow 110 . The tangential belt 108 is driven by the vertical shaft 111 of the ring spinning machine. The speed of the spindle 104 is therefore dependent on the speed of the vertical shaft 111 .

The production of a specific yarn, ie a specific article from a specific roving 29, is carried out with the relative speeds of the lower rollers 77 , 78 and 80 and the vertical shaft 111 before seen. The type and properties of the pre-yarn, the respective ratios of the speeds of the lower rolls to one another and between the lower rolls and the vertical shaft and the ring traveler used determine a manufacturing recipe for the respective yarn. The speed of the Kö nigswelle 111 forms, if necessary after slip correction, also a measure of the amount of yarn produced per unit time, but optionally the speed of one of the lower rollers 76 , 78 and 80 can be used to determine the amount of yarn produced per unit time. Corresponding speed sensors for the individual rollers or shafts are identified by reference numerals 112 , 114 , 116 and 118 , although not all of these sensors are actually required, for example the speed ratios of the individual lower rollers to one another and to the vertical shaft are achieved by means of change gears becomes. In this case, it is sufficient to measure a speed and take into account the gear ratios of the individual change gears. No matter which sensor signal is used for the amount of yarn produced, it is usually necessary to work with a multiplier to determine the amount of yarn actually produced. The intended sensor signals are fed to the respective machine control computers and the required multiplication can take place there.

Brief description of the connection of the ring spinning machines too the planning computer and possibly other computers

In a modern ring spinning machine, the settings that apply in each case, for example the speed ratios of the lower roller and the vertical shaft, are stored in the machine control computer 74 . Furthermore, the individual machine control computers 74 in the example of FIG. 1 are connected to the planning computer 122 via a ring line 120 . The Ringlei device 120 may e.g. B. run as a LAN, for example. According to the Rieter LAN system (which is described in DE-PS 42 12 629.0 be). The planning computer 122 has, inter alia, a screen 124 , a keyboard 126 and a mouse 128 , which can be used to move a cursor 130 on the screen and to control the operating sequence of the computer. Furthermore, the planning computer 122 is connected via a bus line 132 to at least one further computer 134 , which can be viewed, for example, as a control computer, in the example of manufacturing recipes for the individual yarns or articles to be produced, the result of the rough planning, the operating calendar and the Shift plans are included, possibly also information on the presence of the individual employees. However, this information can also be present in different computers, which then communicate with the computer 122 via appropriate networking. It is also possible to enter the appropriate information, for example by means of the keyboard 126 , possibly in combination with the mouse 128 directly in the computer 122 , without a connection to other computers of the spinning mill being required.

Brief description of what is available to the planning calculator data

Before the procedure for carrying out detailed planning is explained, it is useful to briefly describe the data available to the planning computer, which will now be done with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

This is the starting point for the detailed planning Result of the rough planning. From the rough planning go Amounts of the various articles or yarns that produ must be decorated as well as the dates on which these quantities finished or have to be delivered. The Garnmen conditions can be divided into production lots and this is a useful concept for the invention. A production lot thus includes

• - an article with manufacturing instructions (= recipe),
• - a lot,  
• - an appointment,

see FIGS. 4 and 5. A production lot can either be an order in itself or a longer order can be divided into different production lots, for example when a particular yarn is to be produced for a customer over a longer period and deliveries are made certain times, e.g. B. have to be done once a month. The division into production lots can be used for customer orders, ie firm orders from customers, as well as for warehouse orders, ie the production of yarn types that are sold again and again, which are first stored and then sold. The main difference is that in the case of sales orders, the customer normally determines the date, while in the case of warehouse orders, the dates are predefined internally.

A first graphical representation for specifying the quantity in kg (y-axis 131 ) and the time (x-axis 133 ) can be seen in FIG. 4. Only the quantity to be delivered 135 and the time of completion or delivery 136 are specified here. It is also very useful to specify the earliest start 138 , for example the time when the required roving is available in sufficient quantities. Fig. 5 then shows a refined preferred graphical representation of the rough planning where the production is divided into two production lots 140 , 142 and the produc tion instead of in kg at a certain date in kg / hour. is printed out. In this display, the target production per kg 144 and the target production per hour 146 can be specified at a specific point in time.

This representation could also be made in more detail, for example according to FIG. 6, where, in addition to the target production in kg, the maximum permissible production in kg 148 is also given. This allows restrictions, for example, winder or storage capacity, to be taken into account.

The next step is to fine-tune the company calendar  an important role. This results in the blocked Times that are taken into account in the detailed planning have to. These locked times can apply to the entire spin apply, e.g. B. Company holidays or public holidays. You can but also apply to the area under consideration, e.g. if a major cleaning for this area is planned and carried out must be led. In addition, blocked times can only be used for individual machines apply (e.g. scheduled maintenance work beit or general overhaul). Locked for such At times, it makes sense to look at each machine.

An example is shown in FIG. 7. Here, the individual machines M1 to M3 of the area are displayed along the y-axis (there may of course be more, as in the later consideration), while the time along the x-axis represents becomes. From this representation it can be seen that the machine M1 is temporarily blocked, ie is not available (reference number 150 ), for example because a major cleaning is provided, and that all machines are switched off for three days (reference number 152 ), for example because a Holidays or a non-working weekend follows. The representation of a closure of the entire spinning mill, for example for company holidays, is similar to reference numeral 152 , except that the blocked time during company holidays is generally significantly longer.

In addition to the data specified above, it is important that the planning computer 122 receives data about the planned shift plan and from the presence control, since this information has a great impact on the detailed planning, especially the detailed planning at the current time.

Both the planned operator availability and the current Current operator availability is important. Certain service rarten, e.g. B. become a spinner per machine or per Ma machine group provided, other z. B. a mechanic can be used per area. For detailed planning is one Consideration per machine and per area is required  the operator / machine assignment is planned and changed if necessary can be.

A representation per area is shown in FIG. 8. The number of operators and the operator types along the y-axis are shown here, here for the two types of mechanics and spinners. The temporal availability of these people is shown along the x-axis.

In times 154 and 156 , two spinners and a mechanic are present or waiting for him in the illustration in FIG. 8, with otherwise only one spinner being available, ie at times 158 and 160 .

FIG. 9 shows a similar representation, but this time for one machine, the number of operations being represented as a "fraction" of a person, since, for example, a spinner is in charge of several machines.

According to the illustration in FIG. 9, a spinner operates times 162 and 164, for example, during the night shift, e.g. B. 6000 spindles. In the day shift (reference numbers 166 and 168 ) better care is desired, the machine can also run faster, ie it has a higher production efficiency, but there are several static thread breaks. For this reason, the spinner can only look after 4000 spindles.

Data from spinning is also essential for detailed planning process.

First of all, it is the current assignment of the machine of the area under consideration (= assignment of the Production lots for the individual machines) and the current one Production, d. H. the production speed of the individual to measure machines in the area (e.g. from the rotary number of the royal wave, as explained above).  

This also results in data on the quantity already produced per production lot and machine, as well as historical data on the occupancy of the individual machines in the past and the production efficiency achieved. Such historical data is very useful in forward planning. One can learn from this data, for example, whether a particular machine has already been used for the production of a particular yarn using a particular roving and how great the efficiency (production efficiency) was, ie whether the production of this type of yarn can be carried out economically with this machine is. You can also see which roving is still on the machine, so that the changeover work can also be quantified and precisely scheduled when changing production lots. The expected completion of a machine can be used to calculate the expected completion date for a particular production lot. Additional process data can also be useful, especially when refining the detailed planning in later stages. One could, for example, enter details of template stocks (roving stocks), in total or on the individual machines (attachment 28 , 30 , reserve attachment 32 and circulation buffer 40 in FIG. 2) or in the template material warehouse or retrieve such data from the detailed planning computer in the detailed planning computer and take this into account when calculating the earliest start and when calculating production batches that require a roving change. The presentation of the production that has already taken place will later be referred to as "procedure for carrying out detailed planning", especially with reference to explained on Fig. 10 in more detail. Suffice it to say here that Fig. 10 takes into account not only the already planned occupancy of the machines, but also the anticipated production, the prospective production end, and the planned changeover, maintenance and maintenance work.

In an expansion of detailed planning, it would also be possible the expected course of the stock of inventory (machine and warehouse) as well as the presentation requirements (e.g. the required lie  the flyer).

It is essential that the detailed planning computer has access to data from maintenance planning, d. H. the times (approximate) for upcoming maintenance work, the duration of the maintenance work operator assignment and material requirements. Also, the detailed planning calculator from the recipe description, d. H. from the description of the parameters for the manufacture of a particular yarn on a particular machine Efficiency of the machine for the selected yarn as well as for that appropriate machine settings. It can the benefit by evaluating historical waste data are determined.

In addition, from a database or from a Garnda tenbank the expected changeover times, personnel requirements for retrofitting work and the conditions for retrofitting work (e.g. mechanic must be available, not on Saturday feasible).

How to carry out detailed planning A. General overview of the status of detailed planning

For the further explanation, it is initially useful to explain the screen representation on the computer 122 .

The overview according to FIG. 10 is of great importance . On the left side of the screen there is a bar diagram with 8 individual horizontal bars in this example, which are numbered consecutively on the left side with the numbers M1 to M8. Each bar here represents a respective ring spinning machine 10 , and in this example there are eight bars because the area under consideration comprises eight ring spinning machines. The number of spinning machines (there are ring spinning machines in the illustration of FIG. 10) is not a magic number, but several or fewer spinning machines can be provided. In this case, the number of horizontal beacons in the Dar position of FIG. 10 changes accordingly.

In the horizontal direction, the numbers 2.1., 3.1., 4.1., 5.1., 6.1., 7.1. Mistake. It is here is about times and every corresponding vertical line to be considered as the beginning of a day. In this example gives the numbering 2.1., 3.1. etc. on the calendar day, d. H. the 2.1. is January 2nd, 3.1. is January 3rd, etc.

To distinguish the bars from each other more clearly, they are preferably shown in different colors. There a color representation in this application is not possible is different hatching for the individual bars ren chosen.

For the individual machines that are in operation and produce yarn, the number or identification of the production batch produced is given in the respective strip. In the illustration of FIG. 10, five different production lot numbers 1 to 5 are given, ie eight machines deal with the production of five production lots. However, more or fewer production lots can be produced by the machines in the area under consideration.

The reference symbol 130 indicates a cursor 130 which can be moved to the left or to the right, which is represented by the arrow heads 200 and 202 . If the symbol 201 is clicked on the cursor 130 , the point in time in question is set equal to the current point in time. The position of the vertical line 204 along the time axis can be changed by moving the cursor in the direction of the arrow 200 and 202 with the mouse. Line 204 represents the point in time in question. In the illustration in FIG. 10, a further line 206 can also be seen, which is shown in broken lines. This line represents the current time, that is, in the example given, in the afternoon on January 3, 1992.

Everything that is shown in the bar diagram to the left of the current time 206 has already been achieved and cannot be changed. Anything to the right of line 206 represents planning that can be changed.

The vertically arranged bar chart 207 on the right side of the screen indicates the production achieved at the time of viewing, ie according to the respective position of the cursor 130 or the position of the vertical line 204. As can be seen from the illustration, the production lot 1 is no longer produced at the time of the observation, ie at the location of the vertical line 204. The production of this article is probably already complete, which can be seen from the percentage of 100% of the column diagram.

For all other articles that are still in production, setpoints are entered in the bar graph display that should have been reached at this point in time if the production had run according to the previous detailed planning. These target values are given for production lot 2 with 208, for production lot 3 with 210, for production lot 4 with 212 and for production lot 5 with 214.

In the production lot 2 , the actual production, which is indicated by the horizontal limit 216 , is just above the target production 208 , so that the operator immediately sees that he currently has no difficulties in meeting these target dates.

In the case of production lot 3 , however, the production 219 of this production lot reached is clearly below the target value 210 , so that the operator is warned that compliance with the corresponding target date must be questioned. The situation in production lot 4 is even more blatant. There are large discrepancies between the target value 212 and the actually achieved value 220. However, in the production lot 5 , the expected production at 222 is far above the expected target production 214 at the time in question. Although the scaling is carried out here in percentages, other scalings are also possible, for example scaling in kg.

Below the column representation 207 of FIG. 10 for the production of the individual production lots is a box 224 , where the applicable target dates are listed, as well as the dates at which the production of the individual production lots is expected to reach the target value (lower values).

The representation in box 224 is aligned with the vertical stripe representation 207 of the production of the individual production lots, so that an easy assignment is given.

One notices that today is January 3rd and that for production lot 1 the target date is January 4th, whereby this date can be met. The production of the corresponding production lot 1 at the current time has also already been completed, most recently on the M6 machine.

For the production lot 2 , the target date of January 8 applies and the corresponding extrapolation via the planning computer 122 shows the operator that this target date can probably be met. The situation is different for production lot 3 . Here, a target date of January 5 contrasts with an expected completion on January 6. The operator now has the opportunity to ascertain whether, for example, non-compliance with the deadline of January 5 results in contractual penalties or can be accepted. He would also have the opportunity, for example, to contact the recipient of the goods and inquire whether delivery of the production that had already taken place could be agreed with the customer's planning a day later with the rest of the delivery.

For production lot 4 , the target date is January 10, whereby it is not possible to specify the probable completion date, since the further production of this production lot is not planned for the time being.

Production lot 5 also shows that the target date of January 6 is expected to be met.

At this point it should be expressed that by shifting the time in question by means of the cursor 130 , the representation 207 on the right half of the screen constantly adapts to the precalculated states at the time in question. In other words, the computer is used to calculate the expected production by extrapolating from the data known to it and the stored values for the production efficiency of the individual spinning machines during the production of the respective production lot.

From the bar chart on the left side of the screen are some other events or expected events shown on the extrapolation of production as well the viewing have an important impact.

First, the intervals 230 shown as black areas in the illustration in FIG. 10 should be pointed out. The black areas indicate a production batch change, and can accordingly be found between bar areas with different numbers. An article change requires a certain amount of time, which can vary in length depending on the required conversion effort and availability of the operator, which is why the black areas in the illustration of FIG. 10 also have different lengths in the horizontal direction.

In addition to the black areas 230 , hatched areas 221 are clearly visible on the machines M3 and M5. These hatched areas indicate scheduled maintenance intervals and usually no production of the corresponding production lot is achieved during such maintenance intervals. As shown on the basis of the spinning machine M5, maintenance can be scheduled in such a way that the corresponding interval coincides with a production batch change, which under certain circumstances would be cheaper than stopping the spinning machine twice in succession. Company holidays are treated in the same way, which means maintenance can be combined with the machine being stopped or restarted.

For the length of the production lot change intervals as well as the Maintenance intervals can either be saved histori values or empirical values for comparable work or make changes or you can keep track of the time very precisely calculate and if necessary not only taking into account the Number of available operators, but also under consideration considering the level of experience of each for maintenance or employees assigned to the change. Like such Be Look at the invoices in detail will become a later one Time explained.

First, it will be discussed how the detailed planning is changed with regard to production lot no. 4. This explanation is also given with reference to the further FIGS. 11 to 20.

B. Procedure when planning a production lot

From the screen display according to FIG. 10, the operator can immediately see that the target production of the production batch 4 cannot be achieved, since a further production of the corresponding production batch is not yet planned.

In order to schedule such a production, the cursor 130 is first moved and clicked on by moving the mouse on the column for the production lot 4 . This leads to the additional display 234 according to FIG. 11 on the screen, possibly with partial coverage of the previous image, ie to a selection menu with the generic term production lot 4 . Below there are two selection options, namely "Display" and "Scheduling", which can be selected by moving the cursor and clicking on the mouse. As usual with such computer displays, a light bar then moves between the two selection options.

If the "display" is selected first, more precise information on the scheduling of the production of the production lot 4 appears on the screen. However, this "display" is not shown and can be designed by the operator at will. For example, in addition to the target date, the target quantity, the actual quantity as well as the temporal, possibly extrapolated courses and other further properties, parameters and information can be displayed, e.g. B. that a partial depth would be desirable / possible up to an intermediate appointment. A manufacturing recipe for the article can be displayed in accordance with manufacturing lot no. 4, so that the operator can get information here.

By moving the cursor or the corresponding light bar on the line "Schedule" and "Click" on the mouse 128 , the indication "Lot to be scheduled: Lot 4 " appears below the strip graphic, as shown in FIG. 11. This then serves as confirmation to the operator that he wishes a scheduling process for this lot 4 .

The operator then moves the cursor back onto the bar diagram 205 on the left-hand side of FIG. 10 (the bar diagram is still shown on the screen) and selects a machine in which he plans the further production of lot 4 thinks to perform. By clicking on a particular machine, the display appears, as shown in box 236 in FIG . The representation of the machines at this point corresponds completely to the position shown in FIG. 10.

There are several options for selecting a specific machine here. This can be at the operator's discretion, for example. In most cases, the operator will first endeavor to determine whether a machine is present at the time in question, ie at time 204 of FIG. 10, on which no production is running and which one is used for the production of the yarn of the corresponding manufacturing lot 4 is also approved. The planning computer 122 or each of the machine control computers connected to it can, for example, store the information about which types of yarn have already been or can be produced on which machines. If the operator selects a machine that is not suitable for the production of the yarn of the corresponding production lot, ie in the example of the production lot 4 , a warning is printed out on the screen, for example with further explanations so that the operator can see why he shouldn't choose this machine for this production lot. In this case, the operator is asked to select another machine.

The machine to be planned can also be selected automatically. For example, the planning computer 122 can be programmed so that it initially displays a machine which is not yet scheduled for production at the point in time 204 under consideration and which is also approved for the production of the corresponding yarn. If there are several such machines, the machine can be selected, for example, in which the conversion work for converting to the production of the batch to be planned is smallest. For example, machines are preferred here in which roving of the same type is available or in which the desired warping has already been set.

If all spinning machines are already in operation at the point in time 204 considered, the planning of lot 4 can only take place by interrupting the production in at least one of the further spinning machines. Here, too, the most suitable machine can either be selected by the operator or based on previously set criteria that are programmed into the computer for the decision. Here too, for example, it can be a matter of minimizing the changeover effort or ensuring that deadlines are met as far as possible.

In any case, a machine is either selected by the operator or suggested by the computer, in this example machine 6 , and the operator then has the option of clicking on the selected or proposed machine, whereupon menu 236 appears. If the operator clicks on a production lot that has already been scheduled, this means that lot 4 is inserted on the corresponding machine. If, on the other hand, you click on a period that has not yet been occupied, the lot 4 to be scheduled is directly appended to the end of the expiring production lot.

By moving the cursor by corresponding movements of the mouse, the operator can choose between four options on the corresponding menu 236 . The first option is a "display".

This option is usually only selected if an existing production is to be interrupted, i.e. if a production batch change is to be planned for a running machine and you want to clarify how the corresponding machine behaves while production is still running. This possibility will be explained in more detail later. In the chosen procedure of scheduling the production lot 4 on the machine M6, the production of the production lot 4 is "attached" at the end of the expiring production of the production lot 1 , so that this display option is not required here. The planning computer 122 knows that this is "hanging on" because the cursor 130 has been moved to the right end of the bar for the production lot 1 . Under these circumstances, the programming can be carried out in such a way that the light bar automatically jumps to the "Schedule" option of box 236 .

By choosing this option, the planning computer 122 performs a "test".

First, it is automatically checked here whether the machine 6 is approved for the production of yarn with the recipe for the production lot 4 or is in question. If not, this is expressed so that the operator knows immediately that the planning of the production lot 4 on the machine 6 is not possible, and he must then carry out the planning on another machine. Assuming that the machine 6 is approved for the production of the yarn after the production lot 4 , then Fig. 13 appears on the screen . First, it is noted here that the change from production lot 1 to production lot 4 on January 4 against 7:05 a.m. This time is calculated by the planning computer 122 , namely by calculating the time for the completion of the order still running at the actual time and on the condition that the production lot 4 is started at the earliest possible time, possibly immediately after completion of the production lot 1 ( assumed that the company calendar allows this).

As soon as the time for the production batch change has been determined, several other conditions are automatically checked by the computer. For example, a production batch change is usually only provided if a master is present who can control the production batch change. Therefore, the question is asked, "Master present in shift?" and the computer decides on the basis of the shift plan for the master whether this question can be answered in the affirmative - then, after the illustration in FIG. 13, a checkmark 238 appears on the right-hand side of the illustration. It is also considered important that a mechanic should be available for at least 30 minutes during a batch change. This question is also asked by the computer and answered on the basis of the stored information on the shift schedule and the known workload of the mechanic, in this case also answered in the affirmative, which is confirmed by the hook 240 on the right side of the illustration in FIG. 13. It is then checked whether a sufficient number of auxiliary staff is available. The presence of three assistants is usually required here and the computer checks here, based on the current shift plans of the individual assistants, whether there are sufficient assistants at the time of the intended change in production batch. In the present case, the computer comes to the conclusion that inadequate auxiliary workers are seen and indicates this with the remark "insufficient".

In addition, it is checked whether the planned time for the production batch change is optimal. The computer 122 contains namely stored information at times that are not considered optimal, for example late on Friday afternoon, over the weekend and on Monday morning, since the staff on Friday afternoon is usually unhappy with a change in production, on the weekend it is unusual is that enough employees are available and the workforce on Monday, which is usually already busy in the morning, to remedy operational disruptions that occurred during the weekend. Since January 4 is a Monday in the present case, the answer to "no" is whether the timing is optimal.

Despite the notices "insufficient" and "no", the operator can decide to carry out the production batch change, for example because he knows that he can solve the problem of insufficient auxiliary staff, for example by additional auxiliary staff from the office, and because he knows that the changeover work to be done on the Monday in question is minimal. On the other hand, he is also motivated to change the production lot at this time, since the target date of January 10 is actually critical for production lot 4 .

After looking at the screen representation according to FIG. 13 and the decision to change the article, a confirmation is given again by clicking with the mouse and then in this example a representation appears on the screen corresponding to FIG. 14. This representation after the Fig. 14, which can of course also be selected differently, is designed to give the operator informa tion about the work that is necessary to make the production batch change from the previous production batch 1 to production batch No. 4 on the machine M6 . Before going into detail on FIG. 14, some general explanations regarding criteria for the evaluation of production batch changes according to the invention are to be made.

C. Notes on different categories of Production batch change

The effort involved in changing an article can vary widely his. The least expensive are article changes where only central settings have to be made, such as B. a change of rotation, a speed curve change, a Change of delay or a change in the scope of monitoring. Such work usually involves no need To take actions at the individual spinning positions. Also a change from the roving is out of the question. A sol 45572 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285914546100040 0002004220533 00004 45453che Changeover can be called a Category A changeover. A second, somewhat more complex category B of ordinary Works that occur frequently include a new one position of the drafting system, for example the pressure distribution and the Spacing as well as simple work at the spinning positions like a Runner change.

Category C already includes extraordinary ares working at the spinning positions, such as changing the thread  guide elements or pressure rollers. The next higher category rie D additionally includes a change in the roving as well a change from S to Z rotation or vice versa. This one The intended change of roving represents a change from a roving of a certain type, for example pure cotton on another roving of the same type.

Category E, in which the Change of roving also includes a change of variety, For example, from cotton to a mixture of cotton and che fiber or pure chemical fiber or vice versa. The Kate Gorie E can also change from S to Z rotation or around included swept. The most difficult would be to convert the Ma machine, for example with a change of the ring tracks or the stretch works, whereby such a conversion is considered as category F. becomes.

The procedure that is explained below only affects categories A or B, but can be expanded at will to consider other categories, though at the relatively rare categories also standard setup concepts can be applied.

D. Category A or B batch changes

In general, it can be said that for the operation of the machine M _i which produces the production lot "x""a" operator, "a" is usually <1. This value "a" is stored in the recipe for the yarn of the production lot.

The change of article itself is due to the upcoming changes work described, each retrofitting work all for loading Calculation of the changeover effort (per machine, per production position or per section) required information for the calculation the operator effort must include. With every operator activity, the duration of which is preferably in "operating minutes" must be given, which operator, Mei  ster, mechanic, any spinner, do this work can.

Furthermore, Bedin conditions that are to be fulfilled, e.g. B. Mei most present, at least x spinners present, more optimal Time, e.g. B. Wednesday afternoon or Friday afternoon or Monday morning not allowed or only allowed in exceptional cases.

In addition, the programming could be done as an option that for each changeover the approval of a specific one Person (e.g. the master) is required.

As already indicated, maintenance work can make more sense combined wisely with a production batch change (also directly before or after). Also for maintenance the type of operator and the operating effort be known, for example the following work will be considered.

When calculating the total time for an item change, with or without maintenance or cleaning work, if necessary, the times for the individual activities are calculated taking into account the available people. For the first calculation, it is often useful to count on a minimum of people and, if necessary, to assign more people if the working hours become too long. The total time results from the sum of these times, taking into account work that is carried out simultaneously. By displaying the individual times on the screen, for example according to FIG. 14, possibly also graphically, the operator not only gets an overview of the entire required activities, but also of particularly time-consuming work and then has the opportunity to do the corresponding shorten long periods of time by assigning additional people.

As shown in FIG. 14 is first made between all common work and specialists work.

The illustration in FIG. 14 relates to an article change according to category B.

In this example, the general work includes the Runner change from runner C4 to runner C3, which the Existing 1008 spinning positions about 160 minutes of operator research different. Another work, for example the implementation cleaning the machine takes 540 operator minutes The corresponding information can be given for each section of the rings spinning machine or per spinning station or for the entire Ma Line predefined (i.e. already saved) or entered be.

In this example, the number of operators still available is taken into account, as will be explained later with reference to FIG. 15. As an alternative, the program could initially assume that, for example, only one assistant is provided for the ring spinning machine. Based on the available operators, the duration of the general conversion work is calculated with a total of 1050 minutes in FIG. 14. This value exceeds the total time of 700 operator minutes (160 + 540 = 700), because operators are missing at certain times during the production batch change according to the planned work schedule because they are to operate additional machines.

The specialist work includes speed and warpage change, with the turn of the finished yarn of 1100 / m to 973 / m, which takes 15 minutes for the mechani ker requires. The default value should decrease from 32 to 28 15 minutes mechanics time provided. Further work can also be done replacement of a defective Kugella gers or the like. However, there are none in the present example such further work is not planned, therefore the additional The machine's effort here is set at zero minutes.

For the execution of the specialist work is therefore in total  including a mechanic, his activity at 40 Minutes including 10 minutes coffee break is specified. There as a rule when programming according to this example, none Person both general work and specialist work execute, d. H. may appear in both lists, the Runner change and cleaning at the same time with the specialists work takes place. Since the total time for the mechanics work is far below other times, and the Mechanic for the required time of 40 minutes in total, during the 1050 minutes mentioned above, be agree the general work with a total of 1050 minutes the total time of the batch change with also 1050 Minutes.

Since the 1050 minutes is unacceptably high, the operator can now open the box 244 by placing the cursor on the arrow 242 and changing the operator assignment by clicking. This initially leads to a representation corresponding to FIG. 15. In general, the arrows in FIG. 14 indicate information that can be viewed in more detail and possibly changed by moving the cursor on the relevant box.

With the illustration in FIG. 15, the load on the general operator during the previously planned production batch change and further activities is shown first as a shaded area 246 , the horizontal axis also being assumed here as the time axis and the amount of the operator assignment as a percentage along the X. -Axis is shown. It can be seen from this that in area 248 the operator load is 100%, in area 250 80% and in area 252 even 180%. The number of general operators can be varied by moving the cursor in accordance with the double arrow 254 . First, 300%, ie a total of three operators, are selected here. By clicking, the computer will then work out a new proposal for a changed operator assignment taking into account the available forces. The changeover time can already be calculated. In this version, however, there is no detailed breakdown of the operators.

A variant with such a breakdown is shown in the form of the corresponding screen representation of FIG. 16 ge.

What remains in Fig. 16 is the load on the spinner according to Fig. 15 and the lack of manpower is due to the takeover of an assistant for the ring spinning machine (e.g. from the office) and the takeover of another assistant from the winder area. The planning computer now provides a spinner, an assistant for the ring spinning machine and also an assistant from the winder area and shows, taking into account the existing workload of the individual forces, that all three of them were able to achieve the necessary changeover in 394 minutes, ie in a much shorter time than the time span of 1050 minutes that was calculated first. By moving the hand representation in FIG. 16 and clicking on 251 accordingly, the operator can now accept this suggestion. The display on the screen then jumps in this example to the display according to FIG. 17, which is very similar to FIG. 14, only with the changed operator allocation and the correspondingly changed information.

As shown in FIG. 17, the total changeover time for changeover and cleaning after this game At 394 minutes. At this point it should be pointed out that the computer 122 carries out a check here that the same person is not used twice for different work at the same time. With this display it is also possible to display further information on the approved operator and his skills and of course also to take this into account when calculating the time required for the changeover.

As soon as the screen representation according to FIG. 17 shows a time sequence which is acceptable for the operator, he can accept this by clicking. It then appears the representation according to Fig. 18. Here the operator is clearly shown that he has a production of 15 kg / hour. needed to achieve the missing production by the target date and that the machine just allocated 6 is capable of 17 kg / h. to deliver the yarn according to production lot 4 . Therefore, the operator is aware that the target date can be met with this additional production, and he moves the cursor by moving the mouse into the box 260 "Schedule end dates" and the schedule is made by clicking.

The bar diagram then changes in accordance with FIG. 19, and it can be seen from this bar diagram that the target date of January 10 should actually be adhered to by allocating production batch 4 to machine 6 , and also the maintenance planned for January 8 232 is feasible. In the illustration of FIG. 19, the length of the bar graph is magnification from the planning computer 122 ßert been to show the end date. For the same reason, the beginning of the presentation has been postponed to January 3.

The operator can then decide to check the production end and he then moves the light bar by moving the mouse to "end date" in box 300 in FIG. 12. Then an additional representation corresponding to FIG. 20 appears on the screen offers him the opportunity to change the end of production. Here he has the option of requesting that the last deduction be terminated, or alternatively, that the last deduction should not be started, to ensure that full deductions are always received, which is generally desirable. Here, too, he only needs to move the cursor onto the corresponding box 262 and click on it.

In theory, underproduction could occur if the last print was not started. However, the target quantities are usually specified with a certain margin, so that the failure to start the last deduction may well be justifiable. Under certain circumstances, the operator may prefer to postpone the end of the desired production according to his considerations, for example if the end of production falls on a Saturday and he would prefer to end production on Friday afternoon. This option can be selected by moving the cursor onto box 264 , whereupon a time input option for the end of production will appear on the screen (not shown) and can be entered according to the operator's wishes. Then the selected end of production is confirmed by moving the cursor on the box 265 and clicking.

For example, it would be possible if there was a limited amount of original material is available, even in the case of a sub production is not renewed, the end of production after the available amount of template material has been used up rial to determine. In this context, it is after one Embodiment possible if the planning computer in At this stage the question is examined whether there is a sufficient amount of Template material is available. The corresponding information the planning computer determines the amount of reference material knows, either because the corresponding amount in its memory is stored, or because it corresponds to the retrieve the relevant information from another computer. Possibly. the planning computer can make an entry in this regard request from the operator if the information is otherwise is not available.

E. Allocation of multiple machines

So far, a relatively simple example has been considered of how the production lot 4 is scheduled for the machine M6. It is now assumed that the allocation of a machine for the production of the production batch 4 is not sufficient to meet the target date. It is assumed, for example, according to FIG. 21, which corresponds to FIG. 18, but indicates other information that the production required does not exceed 15 kg / h. but 35 kg / h be shaped. After the operator can see that the division of a machine with 17 kg / h. cannot be sufficient to achieve a required target production of 35 kg / hour. to reach him, he will have to allocate another machine. To achieve this, the cursor is moved on box 266 and, by clicking on this box, the allocation of a further machine is provided. The representation on the screen now returns to the representation of FIG. 12. The end of the production of the production lot 4 on the machine M6 is left open at this time.

Assuming that no machine is free on which the additional production of the production batch 4 can be made, an existing production of another production batch must be interrupted and the corresponding machine ne converted to the production of the production batch 4 .

There are now two options for selecting the next machine to be scheduled for which this changeover should take place. On the one hand, the system can propose the next machine to be planned from the machines that can be allocated to production lot 4 according to predetermined criteria. E.g. the system can sort the list of machines that can be scheduled according to the following criteria:

• A) Minimal conversion effort (e.g. as previously indicated, be calculates),
• B) technological suitability with regard to the achievable Quality,
• C) The earliest possible start of production, without postponement another manufacturing lot,  
• D) Greatest production benefit
• E) maximum in the time that is suitable for the machine tervall, attainable production (i.e. production time is long and process efficiency is high),
• F) Operator utilization, i. H. Machines with operator with prefer low utilization,
• G) geographic location, d. H. as a follow-up machine from already the production lot producing machine,
• H) winder load and
• I) Changeover time.

All of these criteria can for example be evaluated (weighted) and z. B. in the form of a table represents the planner Darge. Such a table is shown in FIG. 22 ge. The sequence of the machines in the table in FIG. 22 corresponds to the result of the evaluation by the computer, ie the planning computer first suggests the choice of machine M5. The details can be such that production lot changes that fall into layers where no master is available are color-coded or otherwise marked, since such production lot changes cannot be carried out and are therefore eliminated or at least not good.

With the help of this table, the planner can freely choose a machine on which he now plans to schedule the production batch change. He can accept the suggestion of the planning computer (ie machine M5 in FIG. 22) or may prefer another machine, for example machine M7.

Alternatively, the planner can select a machine from the outset, ie without the support of the table in FIG. 22. If the machine assignment is changed, ie the production lot change is scheduled, the canceled production lot must be rescheduled in detail. This can be done, for example, by planning a further production batch change to the interrupted production batch at the end of the production of the "squeezed" production batch. However, it may also be that at the time this decision is due, it would be cheaper to manufacture the rest of the canceled production lot on another machine, for example by having a machine that produces the same production lot continue to work or simply reschedule the rest onto another machine. In the latter two cases, it is necessary to delete the "rest" that is moved by the squeezing process in the memory of the planning computer on the selected machine from this machine. This remainder can be deleted using the change program, as will be explained in more detail later.

It is now assumed that the planner has made the decision on which machine he would like to schedule the still missing production of the production lot 4 and that he chose the machine M8 against the proposal of the planning computer 122 .

From the illustration of FIG. 10 it is apparent to the planner, for example, that in the production lot 5 the production achieved is far above the target production at the point in time 204 considered, so that it can be expected that the production lot 5 will not only be at the target date but may be finished a little earlier.

It can also be seen that the production lot 5 is produced on both the spinning machine M7 and on the spinning machine M8, the production on the machine 7 being supposed to expire early, ie before January 6, while on the basis of the previous planning, production is on the M8 machine is expected to run until noon on January 6th. For this reason, it would be conceivable to terminate the production of the production lot 5 on the spinning machine 8 at an early stage and to carry out a production lot change on the production lot 4 here , and in addition one could compensate for the loss of production of the production lot 5 on the spinning machine 8 that occurred as a result of this the production of the production batch 5 planned for the M7 spinning machine was extended in time.

By moving the cursor on the machine M8 in FIG. 12, the planner can then schedule the required production lot change, ie the termination of the production of the production lot 5 and the changeover to the production lot 4 . Here he essentially proceeds as previously described in connection with the planning of the production lot 4 on the machine M6, ie the cursor is moved along the time axis, approximately to the point, ie at the approximate time (day of the week ) for which the planner wishes to change the production batch and confirms the change by clicking on the mouse. The mask according to FIG. 13 then appears.

In contrast to the previously described methods, the time of the production batch change is now not calculated by the planning computer in the mask of FIG. 13, but can be entered by the planner. For this purpose, the time indication in Fig. 13 displayed in blinking form of the location of the cursor on the image of Fig. 13. The flashing form of the display prompts the planner to think about the time himself, for example with the endeavor to choose this time cheaply with regard to the availability of auxiliary personnel. The other details according to FIG. 13 are then shown, of course taking into account the actual circumstances. If the conditions are acceptable to the planner, he can accept them or otherwise change them by postponing the time of the intended production batch change. After the planner has accepted the proposed point in time, the planning continues as previously described, ie the time expenditure for the production changeover is shown, corresponding to FIG. 14, but taking into account the current information on the operator availability.

If the calculated time for the production batch change appears in order, it is confirmed by clicking with the mouse and then a mask appears as shown in FIG. 23, which corresponds to the mask of FIG. 21, but takes into account that now two machines be allocated. If the production batch change appears too long, the planner can strive for a shortened batch production change by assigning several employees in accordance with the procedure described so far, so that a new mask appears in accordance with FIG. 17, but with different information (not shown). After confirmation of the calculated time for the production batch change, the mask according to FIG. 23 appears.

Since the now assigned machine M8 is somewhat more powerful, for example because it has several spinning stations or because it can produce the production lot 4 at a higher speed, the two allocated machines are used instead of 17 kg / h. with the M6 machine alone now 36 kg / hour, so that the planner can see that he should achieve the target production of 35 kg / hour. expected to easily comply. If you move the cursor to the box 260 "Schedule end dates", you confirm this request by clicking on the mouse. The planning computer now calculates the expected end date for the manufacture of production lot 4 on the two machines M6 and M8.

If after allocation of two machines the total product tion with two machines just slightly below the required 35 kg / h the planner could also make a decision the one to accept this value, since he could assume that the end dates are thereby only slightly extended.  

If, on the other hand, the production achieved with two machines is still far below the required production, additional machines must be allocated. For this purpose, the cursor is moved to box 266 instead of box 262 and the necessary preparations for the assignment of another machine are made by clicking on the mouse. This procedure then continues as described under Section E).

However, if the planner has placed the cursor on the box 260 and has sent the corresponding confirmation to the planning computer 122 by clicking on the mouse, the planning computer is determined by extrapolating the date on which the production of the production lot 4 on the two machines is completed becomes. For this purpose, the planning computer based on this example makes the assumption that production on the two machines should end at the same time. By calculating back using the relevant data stored for each machine, ie the number of spinning positions, product efficiency, blocked times and maintenance work required, this end date is then calculated by the planning computer 122 and shown in a representation similar to FIG. 19. This display is not specially drawn, but you should imagine it so that the observation of Fig. 19 finally shows a time window, in the case from January 3 to January 10 and that the window is moved further to the left or by cursor movement can and will be shifted to the right if, like the computer now, the final date is to be displayed. If the end date is far in the future, it is usually accepted by the planner, since he knows that this date is probably based on an extrapolation and only needs to be scheduled when the end date approaches. On the other hand, if the end date is in the near future, for example within the next week, the planner will usually endeavor to specify the end date somewhat more precisely, and also avoid, among other things, that a production batch change is carried out on two machines at the same time, because of this Usually the staff will not be enough.

From the view corresponding to Fig. 19, (but with mo difiziertem finish date for the production lot 4 to the Maschi nen M6 and M8), the cursor on one of the machines in game, the machine M8 near the ner by the planning computation 122 calculated finish date set and clicked. The representation according to FIG. 12 then appears (but with reference to the machine 8 in box 236 ) and the cursor is then set to "change" in box 236 and this change request is confirmed by clicking on the mouse. Box 300 then appears and the cursor is positioned on the "end date" entry there, since one would like to change the end date. Here, too, an acknowledgment is given by clicking on the mouse and then the representation according to FIG. 20 appears . Since it is usually good to end the last deduction, this wish is satisfied by moving the cursor on box 262 and clicking on the mouse approved. In addition, one would now like to move the end date freely so that the cursor is still moved on box 264 , and the mouse is clicked further. Then this change request is confirmed again by placing the cursor on the "okay" box and "clicking". The representation now jumps back to the “modified” position of FIG. 19. The cursor now "sticks" at the specified end date for machine M8 and can be moved by moving the mouse. If the position requested by the planner is reached, the mouse is clicked again, the link between the cursor and the end date is removed and the end date is now fixed. As an alternative, the desired end of the production of the lot 4 can be determined by input via the keyboard.

Since the request was made to end the last withdrawal, but the end date is automatically so far ver by the computer pushed that this wish is also fulfilled. The deadline is now firmly planned for the M8 machine.  

The planner now moves the cursor in a special field 280 of FIG. 10, which means that the scheduling has ended. After clicking here, the computer automatically recalculates the end date for the production of the production lot 4 on the machine M6, this time taking into account the shifted end date for the production of the production lot 4 on the machine M8. It is assumed that the final date now calculated is also acceptable for the planner. This recalculation also takes into account the wish to receive full deductions. If the end date calculated in this way is not acceptable for the planner, he has the option to go back to the illustration in FIG. 12 and bring about a change in the planning for the machine M6, exactly as previously explained for the machine M8 has been. In this way it is possible to set the final dates for the manufacture of the batch 4 on the two machines M6 and M8 and possibly on other machines.

Purely by way of example, the modified representation of FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. 24 with the changed column diagram, with information on the production of the production lot, the cursor 204 having been moved from January 8th.

It is striking that now an underproduction of manufacturing loose 5 to be expected, the machine M7, which already be the production lot 5 produces, should stop this production on the afternoon of the 5th January.

The cursor can now as previously described, in accordance with the procedure for the scheduling of the production lot 4 to the production batch 5 in the box 207 move the cursor in FIG. 24 and through one-click on the mouse, the mask of FIG. Retrieve 12th He can schedule the remaining production of the production lot 5 on the machine M7, whereby this procedure is even suggested to him by the planning computer, since the computer gives priority to where it is not produced and where the right roving and the right machine settings already exist. The actual scheduling of the production lot 5 on the machine M7 then proceeds analogously to the scheduling of the production lot 4 on the machine M6, which was described in detail above. Since lot 5 is already running on machine M7, there is no need to change production lots. This planning is not described in detail. At the end (or before), it is then only necessary to cancel the remaining production of the batch 5 on the machine M8 using the change option shown in FIG. 12. A possible alternative would be to delete the rest of the production lot 5 on the machine M8, to release the end date for the machine M7 via FIG. 20 and then to reschedule it.

From these explanations it can be seen that the conversion of the production lot from 5 to 4 to the machine M8 is achieved by early termination of the production of the production lot 5 on this machine and subsequent production of the production batch 4 on this machine, the remaining production of the production lot 5 he follows the machine M7. In principle, however, there is also the possibility to first make a production changeover to the production lot 4 , and at the end of the production of the production lot 4 to carry out the not yet completed production of the manufacturing lot 5 on the machine 8 . This procedural ren, which is referred to as "squeezing", comes into question if the target date for the already scheduled production lot 5 is far in the future. The transfer of the remaining production to another machine may be cheaper, since the number of changes required will then be lower, ie the changeover work will be reduced. Nevertheless, the "squeezing" is justifiable under certain circumstances, since critical values such as underproduction, overproduction or missed deadlines can only be predicted with great accuracy relatively long before the event occurs in the event of long-term production.

A procedure as described above can then always be applied if the target quantity is undershot or the exceeding of a target date in the next Zu future, usually within the next week. I.e. a short-term production of the affected is planned Production lots on a suitable machine by "squeezing "to indicate the upcoming underproduction or overshoot to avoid the target date.

There are now some interesting options be written.

FIG. 25 shows an alternative to the illustration according to FIG. 18. Here, instead of the production required to meet the target date and the expected production of the allocated machine, details of the target date and the expected end date for a machine are given. Under conditions the representation according to FIG. 25 is cheaper than the representation according to FIGS. 18, 21 and 23, since the target dates and end dates are displayed directly. At this point it should be briefly pointed out that the reference to a machine automatically adapts to the number of machines already allocated. That is, if two machines have already been allocated, it would be shown in FIG. 23 as "with two machines" instead of "with one machine".

The somewhat different representation has on the function as such no impact.

As can be seen from menu 236 in FIG. 12, and as also briefly explained, there is also the possibility of changing a planning that has already been carried out.

If the light bar is set to "Change" by moving the mouse and therefore the cursor, box 300 also appears in addition to display 236 , in which all parameters are listed which may need to be changed.

For example, it may be a specific order is canceled, so that an already scheduled production must be deleted. By moving the cursor or the light bar on item assignment becomes the user then asked to announce the appropriate change ben. At this point it should be pointed out that a production batch to be canceled is not simply due to this can be deleted that one instead of one already planned another production lot. As explained above, this would only result in a shift the end point of the production of the already planned Fer lead uneducated so that we can change this is essential to an already scheduled production lot to delete again from the system.

However, it may also be necessary to set a deadline change, for example, when a follow-up order follows, and the operator wishes to place this subsequent order to continue processing immediately, for example to make unnecessary order to avoid positioning effort and / or a new Sollter min to be observed.

Menu 236 of FIG. 12 also includes the indication "control".

After moving the light bars to this option, a screen display corresponding to FIG. 26 is obtained. This gives the operator various options for checking the effect of his decision or planning. On the one hand, he can have the bobbin load checked in the sense that the planning computer determines whether sufficient spooling capacity is provided for the planned production in order to rewind the spinning heads produced in a timely manner. This possibility is called up by placing the cursor on the menu bar "WASHER LOAD" in box 282 of FIG. 26 and actuating it by clicking on the mouse. If the result of this check shows that the winder load is too high, measures must be taken to lower the winder load, for example either by increasing the working speed of the winder (if possible) or by adding additional winder capacity area considered.

Another possibility according to FIG. 26 is to calculate the efficiency of the spinning machine under consideration when processing the allocated production lot. This possibility is obtained by placing the cursor on the menu bar "EFFICIENCY" of the box 282 in FIG. 26 and confirming it by clicking on the mouse. With this option, the viewer can, for example, effectively examine the effect of operator availability on process use. For example, the process efficiency for the production of the production lot 4 on the machine 6 with the production lot change according to FIG. 14 and with the production batch change according to FIG. 17 is calculated and displayed with three assistants. In this way, the viewer can always strive for higher efficiency and learn from this how to best use the available capacity.

Namely, historical values for the efficiency for different production lots and ver different conversion variants arise. These values can are saved so that existing values at comparable changes can be used directly and the For example, viewers as the best historical values can be presented. It is at the discretion of the viewer ters whether he accepts these values or another verb strives for.

Finally, Fig. 26 shows that one can also perform a check for the presence of the original material. In this way, it can be ensured that a planned production, which is quite realistic from the point of view of the plant and the available employees, would not fail because there is insufficient material available.

Fig. 27 shows a further special feature of the detailed planning according to the invention, namely the possibility of shifting a planned maintenance within a permissible interval.

The necessary maintenance work and the respective times for performing this work within a certain range are stored in the individual machine control computers or process control computers and are therefore available for the planning computer 122 . If the cursor is placed on a maintenance interval and clicked on the bar chart of FIG. 10 (shown only in sections for machine 6 in FIG. 27), the display according to FIG. 27 appears on the screen . The corresponding maintenance menu 284 enables a selection encrypted between a display of the upcoming maintenance by type and scope, with information on the expected time and the work required for this maintenance work and a "move be" option, after which the scheduled maintenance can be postponed within the permitted range, for example to prevent maintenance from being carried out shortly before the completion of the manufacture of a production batch, if it would be more economical to combine maintenance with an impending changeover to another production batch, especially if the maintenance involves a certain disassembly of the spinning machine includes.

These two options of "display" or "different" Exercise "the time of maintenance as before by Bewe a light bar by the mouse control leads.

Another possibility that will be very useful in practice is to print out the planned conditions for the production lot change from the planning computer 122 in the form of a schedule and work instructions to the individual employees required for the production lot change shortly before each production lot change. In this way, each person concerned can receive their own work instructions so that they know which work is to be carried out at which time and the corresponding work is described in detail. Such schedules or work instructions can be printed out automatically by the planning computer via a printer assigned to it, e.g. one hour before the start of the production batch change or only on request by the planner or the responsible section manager or master.

The planning computer can also print out the lists check whether the planned conditions for the production lot change can be observed, or whether the intended Employees actually on this day or in this shift are present and, if necessary, whether the preliminary material is available.

These are only examples of how a planning computer could be designed to carry out the method according to the invention. There are many other possible options. The preferred basic display according to FIG. 10 is also retained for the most part in the further computer display, so that the planner is always informed about the planning work. The other representations are displayed as "overlays" in many cases on the basic display, with partial coverage of this display.

The computer screen displays are not mandatory in prescribed this form, but can be ge at will be designed.

Another possibility that is preferably provided is supposed to be periodic feedback at the Grobpla undertake. This could take the form of a Data transmission on the operations control computer or by off  print a written report or document tion to the current production status, d. H. to each achieved quantities of the respective production lots and to the planned quantities at the target dates or at the expected Completion dates for the individual production lots. The management has the opportunity through this feedback to make sure that the rough planning is followed is or is able to intervene in production, if this does not work according to your ideas.

The periodic feedback can, for example, min at the end of each production lot and / or at every change in detailed planning and / or in regular Time intervals, for example daily.

If automatic operating or maintenance units are used in the individual ring spinning machines, for example in the form of an automatic doffing device, a thread attachment robot, an automatic ring traveler changer or an automatic cleaning device (as explained in more detail with reference to FIGS . 2 and 3), the commands, trigger the specific activities of these units according to the schedule resulting from detailed planning, ie the computer triggers the corresponding commands at the times concerned.

Claims (36)

1. A method for operating a spinning mill area comprising a plurality of spinning machines ( 10 ), in which a rough planning of the production lots to be produced taking into account the customer or warehouse orders is carried out by the spinning mill in order to determine operating orders for the area mentioned, in the sense of which production lot ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) at what time in which quantity is to be produced, characterized in that with the help of a computer ( 122 ) and taking into account the basic production data assigned to the individual production lots, the sufficient to calculate the expected specific production of the respective production lots on the permitted machines (M1 to M8) and, taking into account the given machine assignment and the production of the individual production lots at the current time, a comparison ( 207 , 224 ) with that of the rough planning predetermined target production wi It is calculated and at what point in time the target production specified by the rough planning is likely to be reached, that a comparison is carried out in order to determine whether the target dates can be met or if there are unacceptable delays or undershoots of the target date, that in the case an unacceptable delay in delivery or undercutting is checked to determine whether there is unused machine capacity in the specified spinning area, with which the required quantity can be reached on time and, if so, a production batch change to the corresponding machine (M6) is scheduled for the first possible time, in the event that that such unused machine capacity is not or only insufficiently available, a production lot change is planned on at least one already allocated machine (M8), that in the event of an unavoidable violation of the rough planning despite production lot change, this is reported, whereby by di e planned production batch change, a detailed planning is achieved to achieve the specifications of the rough planning, and that the actually produced quantities are continuously monitored ( 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 ) and compared with the target production of the respective machines from the rough planning and the finely planned production batch changes are triggered and carried out when the target production is reached. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the production lot changes are always scheduled and carried out so that they always take place in full deductions ( 262 ). 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating calendar is entered into the computer ( 122 ) or that the computer ( 122 ) receives access to the operating calendar by connecting to a further computer ( 134 ) of the company, whereby blocked from the outset te production times such. For example, times blocked by public holidays or company holidays can be included in detailed planning. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that with every production batch change the expected changeover time in the detailed planning is viewed, for example in the form of stored information at historical changeover times for comparable changeover gears or in the form of fixed changeover times. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the changeover time to be expected is calculated from the individual work to be carried out with each production lot change taking into account the available personnel ( Fig. 14 and Fig. 17). 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the computer ( 122 ) checks the availability of the staff by access to a stored shift plan and takes into account in the calculation of the changeover time. 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the calculation of the changeover time is shown to the planner broken down ( Fig. 14 and Fig. 17), which is given the possibility of accepting or modifying the calculation, For example, by assigning additional or at least one auxiliary person. 8. The method according to claims 5, 6 or 7, characterized ge indicates that the changeover time is just before, but close at the scheduled changeover time taking into account the actually existing workforce is checked and is recalculated if necessary or triggers an alarm display, if compliance with the calculated conditions is dangerous det appears. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the skills or Er experience of the individual members of the workforce, be to be able to perform certain tasks on the computer entered or from the computer through a connection to be called up on another computer and at Calculation of changeover times are taken into account. 10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that a work plan for this is printed out before carrying out a manufacturing change (for example via the printer 121 ) and, if appropriate, distributed to the individual persons involved in the work plan. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for each machine (M1 to M8) of the said area, information about the articles that can be produced with the respective machine, the setting parameters assigned to the respective articles and the production efficiency to be expected in each case in the computer ( 122 ) entered or retrieved from it from one or more other computers ( 134 ), possibly including the respective machine computers ( 74 ) and when calculating the changeover times for the production lot change and the expected production time for the completion of the individual production lots ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) are taken into account. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, starting from the production of the individual production batches achieved at a certain point in time, a future projection is carried out on the individual machines and printed out (for example via the printer 121 ) or preferably on a screen ( 124 ). is pictured. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the screen display of the achieved and expected production of the individual machines (M1 to M8) has the form of a bar diagram ( 201 ) with a preferably horizontally oriented bar for each machine, the bars being the respective production lots produced by the assigned machine as well as planned production lot changes and maintenance or cleaning work by different representations, for example by using different colors or shades. 14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that in the screen display ( 124 ) by means of a cursor, preferably by means of a cursor ( 204 ) which can be moved along the time axis, any points in time can be selected, and the corresponding production of the respective Production lots ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) are printed out or displayed at the selected point in time, preferably in the form of a bar chart ( 207 ), the lengths of the individual columns either having or expected to have been achieved at the time in question specify absolute or percentage values. 15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the bar chart ( 207 ) and / or an additional tabular representation ( 224 ) the expected at the time considered, calculated by the computer ( 122 ) production status of the individual production lots ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) and the target production status of the individual production lots targeted at the point in time in question and / or the respective target production of the individual production lots at the respective completion date and / or the expected and the required end dates. 16. The method according to claims 14 or 15, characterized in that in the representation of the achieved or expected production of the individual production lots ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) on the individual machines (M1 to M8) of said area Display ( Fig. 10) represents a time period before the actual time ( 206 ) of the viewing and a time period after the actual time ( 206 ) of the viewing and that by moving the cursor beyond the time limits of the display beyond that achieved in the further past Production or the production status to be expected in the future, calculated by computer by extrapolation, can be shown or displayed on the screen ( 124 ). 17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that by moving a display element on the screen, which is preferably done using the mouse, so that the element is aligned with the corresponding production level display of a selected production lot ( 4 ) and by a confirmation command a production lot is displayed the selected representation corresponding to a menu or (4), either of which the choice between a display information closer to the selected manufacturing lot (4) and the choice of a program for programming a change to the selected manufacturing lot to a selected Machine (M6) enables. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that after the selection of the machine (M6) on which the production batch change to manufacture the production batch ( 4 ) is to be scheduled and after appropriate confirmation by the operator, the operator is offered a further menu a selection of at least some of the following options:

• a) a display of the respective setting parameters of the machine in question,
• b) the planning of the change to the production lot ( 4 ) on the selected machine,
• c) a change to a programming that has already been made, and
• d) the implementation of at least one control, for example a control of the winder load or the degree of effectiveness of the machine (process efficiency) taking into account the planned change of production batch, or the stocks of the respective material corresponding to the production batch.

19. The method according to claims 17 or 18, characterized shows that the display or the further menu the choice of scheduling option b) also a presentation of the respective operator assignment in relation to the selected machine or the retrieval of proposals for operator assignment and entering information allows for scheduling the operator assignment, where  especially the allocation of operators during a ferti change can be scheduled. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the operator assignment in the form of bar graphics Darge is provided, for each type of operator, for example. Spinner or mechanic each bar or streak representation with time as the abscissa and the number if necessary, the operator is given as a percentage on the ordinate. 21. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 19 or 20, characterized in that the programming the computer is made so that a comparison of the in each case the planned allocation of the operator with the already completed utilization of the intended, come into question the operator is made and when entering Allocations that are not made with the designated operators can be complied with, a warning is displayed, and the Scheduling only at the express request of the program mierers is accepted. 22. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, since characterized by that violations of target dates or quantity demands that lie far in the future, accepted and a warning at a later date trigger, provided that they are created by a new Pla not considered outdated. 23. The method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the computer provides information about the receives available input material and when planning of a production batch change checks whether at the beginning of the Production of a new production batch with sufficient stock rial is available to help with the targeted production effect of use taking into account the possible after delivery of appropriate input material the planned To be completed on time without production.   24. The method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that production lot changes are preferred be carried out so that the changeover work is minimized becomes, for example, that with the possibility a certain Production batch change on several machines and with comparable production efficiency on the individual machines, always the machine to the program It is suggested and, if necessary, chosen where that corresponds The roving already exists on this machine is. 25. The method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that in one area, the ring comprises spinning machines, the associated Spulerka capacity is monitored and communicated to the computer, and This regularly checks whether the winder capacity at the expected production is sufficient and if necessary a war indicates. 26. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the maintenance plans for the individual machines of said area entered into the computer ( 122 ) or from this at least one other computer, for example. From the individual machine computers ( 74 ) can be called up and the necessary maintenance work taken into account in the detailed planning and scheduled, if necessary by postponing or postponing the maintenance work so that it can be carried out immediately before, after or during a detailed production batch change, provided that this shift is justifiable. 27. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a manufacturing recipe is entered into the computer ( 122 ) for each article or batch to be planned or at least one other computer ( 134 ; 74 ) is retrieved from it, and in that in an attempt to change the production lot computer ( 122 ) it is checked whether the respective machine (M6) is released for production according to the respective recipe and the scheduling of the production lot change on this machine (M6) is only accepted if there is a corresponding release or that it is automatically checked whether the possibility of carrying out the batch change should be examined with another, more suitable machine. 28. The method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized by that periodic feedback of the rough planning, for example in the form of a Data transmission to the operations control computer or through Print a written report or document tation on the current production status, d. H. to the quantities of the respective production batches achieved, and to the planned quantities for the target dates or to the expected completion dates for the individual Production lots. 29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that periodic feedback at least at the end of each production lot and / or in every change of detailed planning and / or at regular intervals stands, for example, daily. 30. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when using automatic operating or maintenance units, for example. An automatic doffing device ( 60 ), a thread application robot ( 46 ), an automatic ring traveler changer ( 52 ) or an automatic cleaning device ( 64 ), the commands that trigger certain activities of these units are triggered according to the schedule resulting from the detailed planning. 31. A method of operating a spinning mill area comprising a plurality of spinning machines ( 10 ), in which a rough planning of the production lots to be produced by the spinning mill taking into account the customer or warehouse orders is carried out in order to determine operating orders for the area mentioned, in the sense of which production lot ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) at what time in which quantity is to be produced, characterized in that detailed planning is carried out with the aid of a computer ( 122 ) in order to take into account the operating calendar, the Shift plans and the manufacturing recipes for the individual production lots to decide at which point in time which production lot ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) should be produced on which machine (M1 to M8) and that the mentioned area of the spin mill according to the result this detailed planning is operated. 32. Device for carrying out the method according to one or more of the preceding method claims, characterized by a detailed planning which, via connections to the respective spinning machines, provides information about the quantities of the individual production lots actually produced by them, the computer ( 122 ) 122 ) via facilities for calling up manufacturing recipes for the individual production lots on certain spinning machines assigned to it, as well as facilities for adding up the production of the individual manufacturing lots to the individual spinning machines assigned to it and facilities for extrapolating the expected completion of the individual manufacturing lots taking into account the operating calendar , the settings of the individual machines and the shift plans of the individual employees serving the machines, as well as a device for printing or displaying the result of the Detailed planning. 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that the device for displaying the results of the detailed planning is a screen ( 124 ). 34. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that a display can be generated on the screen, which has a bar graph ( 205 ) with a bar for each individual spinning machine, the longitudinal direction of the bar represents a time axis and a bar graph ( 207 ) with has a column for each production lot, the length of the respective columns indicating the actually produced quantities or the expected quantities of the respective production lots determined on the basis of extrapolations at a selectable point in time. 35. Apparatus according to claim 34, characterized in that a cursor on the screen ( 124 ) shifting device, for example a mouse ( 128 ) is provided, the bar graph ( 207 ) the produced or the expected quantities in addition to the the position of the cursor along the time axis indicates a certain point in time. 36. Device according to one of the preceding claims 32 to 35, characterized in that a printer is connected to the computer ( 122 ) for printing out, based on the detailed planning, work plans for the individual production batch changes to be carried out on the individual spinning machines and / or of maintenance plans for the maintenance to be carried out.