DE4333011A1 - Spinning mill installation - utilises warning techniques applicable to block doffing system - Google Patents

Abstract

A process to run a spinning mill, consists of a group of machines which require doffing on the block system. Each machine in the group has a predetermined block doffing time. The appts. used is also claimed. Typically, the machines may have a central control system with a counter and visual display, equipped with a programmed memory and arranged so that the doffing at each stage is staggered. This avoids personnel being called to more than one position at a time in their area. It also prevents overloading of inter-transport systems. The control has a programmed device to synchronise the times of block doffing. This is calculated to allow for measured length of material on the cops, bobbins, etc., and consideration has to be taken of the shift system of the personnel. This has also to allow for mechanism which results in some level of automation.

Description

This invention relates to a spinning plant which suitable for executing block changes of the templates. The invention is especially designed for ring spinning systems, but is not limited in principle to such investments.

State of the art

The automated or semi-automated gate feed in ring spinning plants today is based on so-called wild Wech sel, for example according to EP 392 482 (object 907) and EP 394 708 (Obj. 2083). It is well known to those skilled in that the Block change actually better for automation suitable working principle - but it requires one more complex control.

A proposal for controlling the block change is in EP-A-381934. This proposal has the advantage that both the "idle time" (production losses) as well the amount of waste (remaining Vorgarnreste on the "Leer sleeves "at the block change) on an optimizable level can be kept. The proposal goes from "Be consideration of the individual block - it is missing the consideration of the plant as a whole, and especially the Consideration of the load, the transport system and other automation devices, for example the Bedie training crew, attachment robot.

Meaning for the operation

The coincidence of several block changes in the operating area a ring spinning operator presents a very unfavorable Operating case dar. The successive block change  lead to a strong temporary burden. In these times the machines are less well monitored and there is in particular the risk that even more blocks leerlau fen. It should be noted that a once ungün stige Blockabstufung without targeted intervention unfavorable remains, ie the risk of a crash increases. If a block is only ge in idle roving changes, then the roving must be re-entered the drafting system be led. For a thread breakage repair by the ROBOfil Applicant Company startup robot results for the operator an additional workload of 4-5 sec which is 33% of the Change time corresponds to a coil. Must the operator too fix the thread break, then the additional Ar workload 18 sec (insertion of the fuse, wait until from the Drafting system leaked, threading) and thus 73% of Bobbin changing time.

Thus, a block change takes place with empty roving when changing from the flyer bobbin feed train and a yarn breakage repair by the ROBOfil 33%, at a manual operation with change from the trolley even 70% longer than a timely change. A good ring spinning machine operator now tries by a premature Wech a block to prevent accumulation, the early change increases the exit on the pods. Beson This is necessary for the high level of automated operations Spindle allocations (eg 8'000 spindles / operator) are there for the operator increasingly difficult to keep track of the Keep 200 or more blocks in its operating area. Thus, the support of the block change by the Ring spinning machine resp. through a process control system from to future interest.

The investigation of the disturbance behavior of the ring spinnma showed a clearly stabilizing effect  cheap graduated template. This can delay the crash gers or even prevented. This is especially true at Manual operation is important because in this case the Crash threshold is much lower.

The invention

A method according to this invention is characterized net that specified for each machine change times and that a change at one of these predetermined Wech time is triggered. The switching times are preferably distributed on a regular basis (periodically).

The machine according to this invention is characterized net, that it is provided with a control, wherein for the machine has been programmed with predetermined switching times are so that at a change time a change for a Block the machine can be triggered.

The plant according to this invention is characterized that it is provided with control means, in which change times are programmed, so that at a change time a change can be triggered, the Wech time points are staggered.

The invention is obviously suitable for implementation in a plant with a machine-controlled Steue equipped. This control could be in the form a process control computer are provided, this is not essential. In contrast, for example, to the principle according to EP-392 482 (Obj. 907) could be to realize this Invention the gate loading of the transport system (and no longer the machine control) become.  

A method according to the invention would thus be ge indicates that in a machine group (a plurality of spinning machines) blocks of presentation sites be that for changing the templates in each machine the group is given a time schedule, and that the Gate feed device is controlled such that the time program is adhered to.

The plant according to this embodiment of the invention comprises a superordinate control with a time program for changing the templates in each block per is programmed and configured to send control commands to a To conduct transport to the gate feed after the execute specified time program.

But a higher-level control is actually not essential to the realization of the invention. The change It is still possible to leave the machine in each block be solved, with the time program for the machine in the machine control must be programmed. The Ma Accordingly, the machine sends a bill of exchange order to the Operating personnel or the operating equipment to the To perform changes. The coils to be replaced can preferably previously provided at the gate. The Time programs of the individual machines can then by the Operating personnel or control system adapted to each other become.

The realization by means of a superordinate machine Control does not actually work for various reasons the preferred solution. Such an arrangement requires considerable computing and data storage capacity to one zen and a place assigned to this position decentralized sensor technology. This is possible in principle but  Probably not practicable these days is because of the Cabling elaborate and also holds considerable Be operating risks in the event of default. On the other hand, it breaks such a concept violates the principles of our PCT Patent Application WO 92/13121 (Obj. 2212), after which no parent control of direct access granted to the machine actuators. A parent System can allocate the change times. The can Changeover times z. B. derived from the following criteria be such. B. coil content (length of the fuse), period of Clock generation, start time of clock generation or Shift schedule with regard to unattended shifts. The Ar Based on these times is then preferably from running the machines.

The advantages of the invention are in the uniform off see load of the plant. This does not just apply to the Transport system too, but also for the template-forming Machines, for the operating personnel and for automation equipment, such as attachment robots. In addition, will The production stabilizes, and you get a cheap Operating strategy as well as no emptying of the blocks in the unmanned shifts.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example the figures of the drawings will be explained in more detail.

It shows:

Fig. 1 shows schematically a diagram of a spinning plant, as has already been shown in our PCT patent application WO 92/00409 (Obj. 2136),

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a partially automated ring spinning machine as tentanmeldung already in our PCT WO 92/13121 Pa (Obj. 2212) has been shown

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automated transport system for transporting roving bobbins between flyers and ring spinning machines according to Fig. 2,

FIG. 4A + B is a schematic diagram of a portion of the ring spinning gate having a train of roving bobbins provided to the gate by means of a feed block substitution

Fig. 5A-E charts to explain the temporal sequence of known block change principle

Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining the basic principle of the invention,

Fig. 7 is another diagram for explaining the same principle,

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of an apparatus that can be used to realize the principle according to Fig. 6,

Fig. 9 further diagrams for explaining various Aspek te of this invention in its application in combina tions with systems according to one or more of FIGS. 1, 2 or 3,

Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a supplement of the machine control for the realization of this inven tion, and

Fig. 11 is a further diagram for the explanation of Einzelhei th.

The spinning mill shown in Fig. 1 comprises a bale opener 120 , a roughing machine 122 , a Mischma machine 124 , two fine cleaning machines 126 , twelve cards 128 , two lines 130 (first route passage), two combs reivorbereitungs machines 132 , ten combing machines 136 , four Routes 138 (second route passage), five Flyer 140 , and forty ring spinning machines 142 . This is a conventional arrangement today for the production of a so-called combed ring yarn. The ring spinning process can be replaced by a newer spinning process (for example rotor spinning), whereby the flyers are then superfluous. However, since this invention is designed especially for ring spinning, it will be explained solely on the basis of this method. The explanation in connection with the conventional ring spinning is also sufficient for the application of the invention in connection with new spinning processes.

Such a plant provides the operation management, an extremely complex organization, - or disposition task, what due to constantly increasing requirements regarding flow, Quality and efficiency (optimization) complicates becomes.

The ring spinning machine (and its auxiliary equipment)

The ring spinning machine is used in this application as an example a "slitting machine". Other slitting machines are Flyers, the spinning machines for the new spinning process (Ro torspinning machines, jet spinning machines), twisting machines (for Example, double twisting machines) and false-twist texturing processing machines for continuous filaments. The general principles of a modern ring spinning system  in the article "The Automated Ring Spinning Machine" by F. Dinkelmann, the Reutlinger Spinnereikolloquium 2./3. December 1986 was presented.

The machine according to Fig. 2 comprises a double-sided frame 210 with two rows of spinning units 212 and 214 , which are arranged mirror-image to a center plane ME of the machine. In a modern machine, each such spin range 212 , 214 contains between 500 and 600 closely spaced spinning stations. Each spinning station comprises a drafting plant 216 , thread guide elements 218 and a kopsbildende unit 220th The unit 220 contains individual working elements, such as spindle, ring and rotor, but these are not relevant to this invention and are not shown individually. These elements are known to the person skilled in the art and can be seen for example from EP-A 382 943. For each spinning station row 212 or 214 , a doffing machine 222 , 224 is provided, which serves all spinning stations of its associated Spinnstellenreihe simultaneously. This machine will not be described here in detail, with details from EP-A 303 877 can be found.

Each Spinnstellenreihe 212 and 214 is also associated with at least egg nem operating device 226 and 228 , which is movable along the respective row and operating operations on the individual spinning stations can perform. Individual units of such an operating device can be found for example in EP-A 388 938.

The frame 210 carries a gate 230 formed of vertical bars 232 and cross members 234 . Rails 236 are mounted at the outer ends of the cross members 234 and extend longitudinally of the machine. Each rail 236 serves as a guideway for a trolley train 238 , which brings new coils 240 to the gate 230 .

Details of such a trolley train are from EP-431268 refer to.

The gate 230 also includes carriers 242 for feed bobbins 244 , 246 which provide the individual spinning stations with roving be. The carrier 242 are drawn as cross rails, but this arrangement is for this invention without importance tion. In the example of FIG. 2, the feed bobbins for each spinning station row 212 and 214 are in two rows angeord net, in an inner row 244 in the vicinity of the center plane ME and an outer row 246 , which is remote from the center plane ME. The cross members 234 also carry on each machine side a rail assembly 248 and 250 , which serves as a guide track for a respective mobile robot 252 and 254 , respectively. The robot 252 or 254 therefore runs between the outer supply coil row 246 and the new coils 240 carried by the trolley train 238 and above the respective operating device 226 or 228 . The robot 252 is designed to operate the two supply spool rows of the gate, as explained in our PCT Patent Application No. PCT / CH91 / 00225. This robot is designed for Luntenhandling such that after a coil change in the gate, the fuse of the new coil is threaded through the Robo ter into the drafting system.

Fig. 3 shows an example of the layout of a part of the spinning chamber of a ring spinning machine which is operated by a robot according to PCT patent application PCT / CH / 91/00225. The diagram of Fig. 3 is intended in particular to explain the au tomatisierten delivery of the spinning machines with to be processed processing material serve. A flyer 500 provides reels 502 (with buffer 505 ) for trolleys (not shown) to four ring spinning machines 504 , 506 , 508 and 510 via a rail network 502 . With AK or EK the drive head or the end head (away from the drive head) is indicated for each machine.

About points 512 a trolley can be performed on a belie machine side. Each machine is accordingly a U-shaped section of the network shares. The transport device is controlled by a central computer 514 of the transport system. An example of the construction of a transport network between flyers and ring spinning machines is found in European Patent Application no. 431 268. An example of the control of such Sy stems is shown in our new Swiss Patent Application No. CH-2988/92 of 24.09.1992 (Title: Transport system of a spinning, Obj. 2352).

A rail network 516 is also provided for a bobbin handling robot 518 . The network 516 comprises for each machine a respective U-shaped section from but opposite to the corresponding U-shaped section of the transport network 502 . Via connecting pieces 520 , the robot 518 can be guided from one machine to another.

Bobbin change operations are preferably carried out according to a predetermined "change strategy", one of which is described in the context of FIGS . 16 and 17 of the aforementioned PCT Patent Application No. PCT / CH / 91/00225. According to this strategy, the replacement operations are alternately performed on one side and the other side of the machine to reduce the workload of the operation machines 26 , 28 ( FIG. 2). It is in fact necessary to ordinate the re-threading of the drafting system each time a bobbin changing operation with a yarn breakage to ko, so that the bobbin change the control unit 26 or 28 should always be present at the affected spinning stations. This means, of course, that the operating device is not available for the operation of other spinning stations for Ver addition, although possibly other disturbances (which require a thread breakage removal) occur at these other spinning stations. The preferred machine assembly therefore comprises at least two control devices ( Fig. 2), each associated with a machine side Ma. Therefore, while an operating device can be seconded to cooperate in a bobbin changing operation on one side of the machine, the operatability device on the other side of the machine is free to operate the spinning stations that do not require Spulenwechseleloperation.

The request (in the form of a signal) for bringing a fully loaded trolley train out of the transport device to a particular ring spinning machine is preferably generated by that machine itself (eg according to EP-392482). However, the positioning of this trolley train relative to the ring spinning machine then depends on the overall arrangement. For example, it could be provided that an entire machine side is occupied by trolley trains each time, where after bobbin changing operations are performed by the robot. The information regarding the gate locations to be occupied by these trolleys should be in the ring spinning machine or robot (rather than in the central controller 514 of the conveyor).

In the more likely case that the trolley train is shorter than the total length of the machine, and that the Spulenwech seloperationen done in sections ("block"), each trolley train must be placed and locked in a suitable position relative to the ring spinning machine. In this case, an interface between the controller 514 of the transport device and the control of the ring spinning machine is preferably to be defined so that the movements of the trolley train are taken over from this interface by the ring spinning machine control (eg according to EP 392482).

The appropriate position information can be either from Robots are delivered to the ring spinning machine or they can be present in the ring spinning machine control and be transmitted to the robot.

The triggering of a bobbin exchange operation can according to PCT / CH / 91/00225 from the ring spinning machine either by time or the delivered amount of lunts (i.e. the machine speed). The singles However, systems of a suitable system are available in PCT / CH / 91/00225 not mentioned.

Fig. 4 comprises two schematic plans 4 A and 4 B in ver different scales. The machine RSM has a gate organized into blocks B1 to B30, each forty coils ( FIG. 4A). The suspension pins of the blocks B8 and B23 are fully shown again by dots in Fig. 4B, and the pins of the neighboring blocks B7, B9, B24 and B25 have also been partly shown with dots.

The suspension pins of a train Z are next to the block B8 where a block change will take place soon should. Since the tenons of the gate are double row, those of the Zuges Z, however, are arranged in a single row, the length must The hanging row of the train should be twice as high as the Length of the block in the longitudinal direction of the machine.

According to the principle of block change then the empty Pods on the gate spigots for train full spools exchanged, either manually or automatically.

Typical examples of plants that work according to the block change principle are the following:
In a partially automated system where a thread-setting robot is available for each machine side and the feed of the yarn to the machine is automatic:

Machine allocation = machines per operator: 8 machines 1000 spindles per machine ("operating area") Number of coils per block: 40, gives 25 blocks per machine, d. H. 200 blocks per operating area Runtime of a coil: typically 80 to 90 hours

In a manually operated system (without startup robot and without automation of the coil feed):

Machinery allocation: 3 machines 50 blocks Number of coils per block: 20

FIG. 5A schematically shows the "ideal" sequence for the operator or the automatic operator. Each block change is initiated just when the coils start to run, each change Ba, Bb and Bc requires the same amount of time and the bills are evenly distributed in time. Such a good-natured system can be easily controlled by time. Normally the machines come one after the other for a block change, so that change Ba takes place on a first machine, change Bb on a second machine, change Bc on a third machine (and so on).

The time required for a block change in the above-mentioned semi-automated plant is typically 12 to 14 Minutes and it will take about 25 minutes between each other following changes planned. After a change at a ge Accordingly, the operator will arrive after approx. 3.3 hours to the same machine back to the next to change due block. Within the term of a Coil, all other blocks must be the same machine be changed.

Fig. 5B now shows the effect of a fault in the first machine before the change Ba became due. For example, the machine was idle for about 20 minutes because of this malfunction. When working after the spools have been spooled, there is an "overlap" in the block changes Ba and Bb, which is impossible because the operator can only work in one place.

Normally, the operator then makes the change Ba a little (which means an increase in the amount of waste due to leftover "empty" pods) and then goes to the due change Bb ( Figure 5c). If the first and second machines continue to work undisturbed, this pattern repeats approximately 80 to 90 hours later, when the newly inserted coils run out ( Figure 5D). At repeated disturbances in different machines of the same operating range, a state similar to the pattern shown in Fig. 5E occurs at most, where some blocks are "slipped together" and one block (Bc) has completely out of order.

Management of idle time

A system according to FIG. 5 can be controlled by means of a process control computer. All block idle times of an operating area are managed, for example, by a process control system which, in the event of overlapping block changes, intervalls the block resp. determines the machine that needs to be changed ahead of time. In addition, it is now possible to derogate from a turn-oriented control strategy of the machines by informing the operator of the time and location of the next block change by means of a communication system (pager, machine operating panel). The ideal state is again marked by constant block change intervals.

This procedure is within the same coil running times an operating area, however, not recommended, as a Deviation from ideal state is not corrected and up Due to the periodicity (same coil running times), repe repeatedly titled. The other disorders of Ringspinnpro This leads to a shift of the block change times lead, such as machine downtime during a runner change resp. a speed reduction during the runner intake, due to the required Maschi nenauslastung be minimized, so that no off break off the periodic behavior takes place.

It is possible, for example, by a stronger pull before ( Fig. 5c), to avoid the state of FIG. 5E, or to limit the accumulation of, for example, two blocks. This corresponds ultimately to the second, further discussed below procedure (according to this invention), but this requires a much lower cost he asks. In particular, no process control system and no networking of the ring spinning machines is required.

For different coil life and many items change (downtime), this procedure can be advantageous be, unless a wild Aufsteckung is cheaper. However, this leads to an article change with roving change to break out of the coils, which is either disposed of or buffered and recycled.

interval timetable

The principles of this invention can be applied according to various criteria. Examples of various applications will be given below. The first example assumes a low degree of automation, it shows the application of the invention, for example, for retrofitting an existing system of FIG. 1, where the transport and Wech selfunktionen are basically carried out manually.

In such an installation, for example, "ring spinning machine groups" can be formed, whereby a group can be assigned to a specific operating team or even to a specific person. FIG. 6 is based on the assumption that eight ring spinning machines RSM1, RSM2, RSM3, RSM4, RSM5, RSM6, RSM7 and RSM8 are assigned to a team or to a person.

Fig. 6 shows a "schedule" for the machines of this group. For each machine in the group, the plan contains a corresponding time axis. The time axes must be synchronized with each other, which is done in the simple example by the operator. The slashes W11, W12, W21, W22, W31, W32, W41, W42, etc. - represent change time points. The change times of the machines of this group are staggered against each other such that

• the times of change of a single machine are each separated by a predetermined interval (see Fig. 7, which shows the schedule of the machine RSM1 at a time scale compressed with respect to Fig. 6).
• - the switching times of all other machines in the group within the interval of a single machine evenly distributed.

Accordingly, n. KA = I, where "I" is the interval between two change times of a machine, "n" the number Group machines and "KA" the control distance between represented by successive changeover points of the group.

At each changeover time of this schedule, a block be triggered. No block change may be more normal be triggered at a different time. With whose words, the plant is based on a predetermined Operated "timetable". Exceptions to the "prohibition" of the bill of exchange outside the timetable can be predetermined to Example in case of an error, so that a due change not executed, this can happen immediately after an alarm be made good. Under special operating conditions, for Example during an article change, it may also be necessary be "driving" outside the timetable.

The considerations used to set the timetable can be described below on the basis of more complicated Examples are explained. For the time being the principle becomes white terhin be explained using the simple example.

A "timetable" according to FIG. 6 is a work organization principle and, in the illustrated form, does not require any measures in the machines or in the system. The plan could be set up on paper in the operator's work office and implemented by means of an "alarm clock" in the same office. The staff then fetches the necessary rollover bobbins (eg from a buffer), performs the change at the appropriate block and returns the "empty" pods back to the buffer. Naturally, such an organizational principle does not fall within the scope of this application, but nevertheless serves as the basis of the measures that should be implemented in the machines according to this invention.

In a first embodiment of this invention, each Machine equipped with its own timing system, so that every time this machine is changed, a signal from the Timing system of the machine is generated. It is then on the operator for this time measuring both the Start point (synchronization signal) as well as the determine the appropriate intervals. The staggering of Change points is accordingly set by appropriate lungs of the time measuring systems, resp. synchronization signals the individual machines guaranteed.

Fig. 8 shows a simple device which can be provided in a Steue tion to realize a schedule of FIG. 6 in practice. This device comprises a timer 60 which generates pulses after a predetermined clock (for example, a "quartz watch"). These pulses are provided to a counter 62 , which is suitable for measuring predetermined intervals of FIG. 6.

The counter 62 is preferably of an adjustable type to make the length of an interval adjustable, for example by the operator by means of a keyboard 64 or by a superordinate controller (not shown in FIG. 8). By the same means of adjustment, the starting point of each time measurement can be determined, which enables synchronization of the time measuring system with both the time measuring systems of the other machines as well as with the working sequence of the machine itself. The output signals of the counter may be sent to a display means (for example on a display screen 66 ) and / or to other devices (for example via a line 68 ). A reset device 63 can be used to reset the counter contents at the end of each interval to zero again and the device 63 can also be operated via the keyboard 64 .

Higher automation

It is first the application of the invention in systems with various degrees of automation explained briefly. The purpose But this section lies in showing that the invention of all these different Automatisie level and not in it, the highest possible Liche automation to propose advantageous.

In this section are combinations of this invention with others, recorded in our patent applications Set forth inventions. The content of each patent Messages are by the note in this application locked in. To limit the length of this description But only excerpts from individual registrations are here repeated.

In a first variant, a process control computer for operating support according to our PCT Patent Application No. WO-91/16481 (Obj. 2093) is superimposed on the system according to FIG . The signals generated by the machines can then be sent to the process control computer, where they can be converted into notes to the operator, for example, in calls or instructions for the next Ma chine that needs a block change, and the time of the change. In this case, the call signal can be made by calling by a lamp or a horn directly by machine.

In a second variant, the creation or the maintenance of the schedule can be relocated to the process control computer itself, so that the device of Fig. 8 only once in this computer (instead of in the Maschinensteue ments) must be realized. The machines themselves then do not require any control adjustments - the process control computer generates instructions to the operating personnel at the given times.

In a further automation stage, an automatic transport system for conveying the flyer bobbins between the flyers and the ring spinning machines, for example according to FIG. 3, can be provided. A suitable arrangement has also been shown in our European Patent Application No. 431268 (Obj. 2012). According to our European patent application no. 392 482 (ref. 907), a call signal can then be sent to the transport system from the ring spinning machine.

The call signal (which is the approach of a new train should trigger), could even out at the time of change be solved. But this would be an almost unscheduled delay tion to the alternating signal mean what the Bedie support would be difficult. Instead, how can until now (eg in a system according to EP-392 482) a Rufsi gnal after a new train to the transport system simultane- ously with or after the return of a train be sent with empty tubes. The new train should then  already at the next change time at the appropriate Machine available.

The conveying of the flyer bobbins to the ring spinning machine leaves in and of itself the exchange of full and empty bobbins still open. This can, for example, still from the staff be led. In this case, a combination of these Invention with a system according to our PCT patent application No. PCT / CH92 / 00139 (Obj. 2247), according to which the Ring spinning machine calls a train from the transport system and then positioned this train opposite the gate, so that the staff only the exchange from the prepositioned Train has to perform.

The gate can be loaded automatically after our European Patent Application No. 394708 (Obj. 2083) or no. 419968 (Obj. 2054). In this case, the Machine control to the gate operator robot to leading block, where the train is already positioned, or connect the robot to the incoming train so that the robot itself positio the train opposite the gate ned.

Such a system can continue with a process control computer be combined to provide operator assistance, so that the operator is guided to a block, where a bobbin change takes place to additional functions take over, for example, Lunten or thread again anzuset Zen.

In a fully automated system but is the intervention of the operators unnecessary, since the applicable Bedie robot, for example according to our PCT patent application No. WO-92/01098 (Obj. 2097) or our European Patent  applications No. 382,943 (Obj. 2151) and No. 377,888 (Obj. 2152) can be directed to the relevant authorities. All of these variants are based on that in our PCT patent registration no. WO-92 / 13l21 (obj. 2212), according to which a superordinate control no direct Access is granted in the Maschinenaktorik. This principle only allows an intervention of machine superiority Neten control, for example, to adjust the Synchronisie tion or the changeover cycle of the individual machines. The But invention is also applicable where this principle is not followed, but instead a parent Control is provided, which determines where and to which Time a block change should take place and the ent speaking signals to the affected Bediensein directions or personnel.

Preparation of the concept

It has not yet been put up for discussion, whether at a "change time" of the plan of Fig. 6 / Fig. 7, the machine actually has to change a block. The system could be arranged to perform a forced change. However, in the preferred embodiment, this is not so, because such "automatism" is contrary to the principle set forth in Obj. 2212, namely, that the machine itself must make "decisions" which imply interference with its own actuators. The reasons for this (in this context) will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 9. A reason is immediately recognizable bar, if no new train has arrived, which should be detectable by the sensors of the machine, no change can be performed. The machine should then trigger an alarm.

The considerations that may be used to determine the length of an interval ( Figure 7) have not yet been presented in detail. However, it can first be assumed that the next block of the machine (ie each coil of this block) will be approximately used up within this interval, that is, during each interval, the coils of one block will expire. However, this can only be true by meeting certain assumptions, namely that the machine is operated at a predetermined delivery speed, that the Doffunterbrüche divide stochastically, and that the operation remains undisturbed, so that no unpredictable interruptions occur. However, this can not be guaranteed in practice - in particular must be expected with occasional "unpredictable" interruptions. The effects are taken from Fig. 9 ent.

Fig. 9A shows the normal state that within one interval a block that has been in operation for several intervals is being consumed. It is to be expected with a certain amount of waste on individual coils, since the flyer spools probably not all the exact same length aufwei sen. If, as shown in FIG. 9B, within this interval (or before) there is an interruption in operation of the duration T for this machine, no coils have been used up at the time of change. However, if it is changed anyway, a significant increase in the amount of waste is to be expected, which will increase disposal costs.

The machine can nevertheless be "forced", the "Fäl "change block, (assuming that a train is present), which at least the advantage of the quiet (ge controlled) run of the entire system entails. It is but possible to maintain this advantage and at the same time to avoid the disadvantages of "automatism". But this is  it is necessary, the machine control with a decision tion rule, which at each change time It can be decided whether a change is to be carried out or Not.

A suitable rule is:

• - Check at each changeover time whether in the block with the least spool content still sufficient material before hand is to the appropriate spinning stations until the supply the next changeover point.

If so, no change is carried out, i. H. it will not be Signal generated, which triggers a change.

If not, change as already described.

This means that at the time of change, both the content of the block approaching idling (usually the longest-standing block) and the need for the next change-over point must be known or can be estimated. This can be done by block management according to FIG. 10 or according to EP-381 934. For each block B1 to B _n, a block associated with this memory is provided, which holds data about remaining roving amount of the block ent. By means of a measuring device 80 (eg., An encoder with the Lie¬ rotatable encoder) signals are generated, which correspond to the consumption. Consuming a Men geneinheit the content of each memory cell is reduced accordingly, for example via the data bus 82 , which is connected to each memory cell.

The initial content when changing the block must be read via a suitable device 84 in the appropriate memory cells. This device can be, for example, a data transmission device that forwards information directly from flyers. Alternatively, the information could be given on the coils, delivered by the device 84 when loading the new coils in the gate and forwarded to the Ma machine control, the block address must also be detectable.

At a point of change, the contents of all Spei be read and compared with each other to the cell address (block address) with the least content determine. If this content indicates that the Spinning positions until the next changeover time of the same Machines can not be safely supplied, a Si gnal which specifies the block address and the operation personnel to this block. A similar Spei arrangement has been shown in EP-381 934.

As in the system according to EP-381 934, it is assumed that each Spool of a block about the same amount of roving wearing.

The consideration of any would be advantageous Plannable stopovers such as a Doff or Changes in operating conditions, for example changes the spindle speed during the Kopsaufbaus, ring or Runner-in periods, maintenance periods, etc. Such information For example, according to a system according to un European Patent Application No. 92 107 474.6 (Obj. 2219) or our German patent application No. 41 31 247.3 (ref. 2260).  

Choice of dates

The running time (LD) of a spool (under the given operating conditions) and the number (A) of blocks that must be operated in one machine give the
"Block spacing" or "period" (P)

The period P is now between the "n" machines of Be evenly distributed, which creates a "Kontrollab "KA between two change times in the operating area of KA = P / n.

However, a safety margin (S) should be included be, for example, the walk of the operators between two blocks, so that the effek tively between two changeover times for the work on the Available time by KA - S or

given is.

The result has been shown schematically in FIG . It is assumed that the machine RSM2 generate at the change time point W21 a "change signal", which leads, for example, to a lamp lighting on the machine RSM. A train has already been called and has been positioned according to the procedure of PCT / CH92 / 00139 with respect to the block to be exchanged, so that the operator knows immediately which block has to be changed.

The operator meets within the "safety margin" S on block, and perform an operation which their presence at the machine control via a maschi internal communication system reports (for example, it actuates in PCT / CH92 / 00139 mentioned "rip cord" to the train in To set slow motion in motion). If the presence the operator during the expiry of the safety margin to the Machine control has been reported, may be an alarm be solved.

The actual working time for the block change amounts to Example BWI (block change interval) and the aforementioned Duration (KA-S) is preferably longer than BWI. The Be Servant can therefore deal with further operations before the next change is due.

As long as no disturbance occurs and the stored information on the amount of roving is always accurate, each block should begin to leak as the "safety margin" S comes to an end. This gives the minimum amount of waste. The ideal requirements, however, are practically unattainable. A stop leads forced to increase the amount of waste. This effect can be limited by the fact that the control distance KA between the change times is shorter. A control distance "equal to zero" means the continuous monitoring of the machines of a Bedienbe rich with the execution of block changes to "any" time points. This is not desirable, for reasons explained in connection with FIG .

Preferably, the control distance is by the following Formula given:

where i is an integer number <0. No overlap of Block change must be ensured.

Allocation of fixed idle times to each ring spinnma machine

According to one embodiment of this invention, each ring becomes spinning machine of an operating area a short time interval assigned in which an operator to change a block This machine can be requested. The machines Control calculated from this date and the known Period (Coil running time / number of blocks per RSM) for all Machines of an operating area must be the same, the fol Time intervals during which they are an operator can demand. It is by choosing the number one Operator assigned machines and the period si made sure that the block change of two machines never overlap.

The coordination of the block change times of the machines ei The operating range can be changed by specifying the first Block change time of each machine to be achieved, where in the block change support system this Synchroni sation with the real time (or operating time) through the Ver a fixed period.

Each ring spinning machine checks at the beginning of it shared intervals while requesting an operator allowed, whether the roving length of the block with the least Content at the scheduled production until the next  Interval sufficient. For this purpose it uses the coil contents and the intended speed curve - with a possible rotation number reduction (rotor inlet) and the Doffzeiten mitberück - and the duration until the next Inter Vall. If the content of this block is insufficient, then for she turns on an operator (lamp) or signals the operator to be made block change the patrolling operator. It can, for example, on the control panel, the place of changing block issued, preferably graphically darge (Obj.2093) or the coil train directly in front of it changing block to be positioned.

All machines of an area assigned to an operator (Operating area) must have the same intervals between two have possible request times of the operator. If all machines have the same coil running times, then this condition is fulfilled. At different Coil running times can be determined by the choice of block sizes and The coil run times of each machine are tried for all machines have a common interval between the empty to reach two blocks. The coil running time can be influenced by the coil weight and depends on the average speed and the departure of the machine. Here is an example: In the considered case is the Block size 40 coils and the coil running time 86 h. Is at a machine selected a block size of 48 bobbins (21 Blocks at 1008 spinning positions), then results in the same Speed and same coil weight a coil running time of 72 h. So that a transport train a whole number of blocks includes two trains are coupled to 120 coils and ge together fed to the machine. With a block size of 20 Coils results in a coil running time of 172 h.

It also coil times are allowed, which is a ganzzah are many times that calculated above. These machines  then do not need every clock time. So can with one Block size of 48 coils also has a coil running time of 144 h be achieved and the appropriate machine needed in the Average only every 2nd clock time.

Due to the early block change, the Vorgarnmenge enlarged on the sleeves. This can either be disposed of or better on a wild pinned ring spinning machine that needs the same assortment, spun out become. The worst case is a stoppage of the total machine, where are the idle times of all blocks be moved. The resulting Vorgarnreste be carry:

The period between the emptying can be the period duration two blocks on the same ring spinning machine or one integer fraction of it can be used. This time still has to be reduced by a fixed security interval who the one needed for the arrival of the operator. A reduction of the period reduces the maximum Vorgarnspulenreste, the period is still so must be chosen large that no block changes overlap pen.

This approach has the advantage that the requirement evenly distributed after roving bobbins are, at significantly lower fluctuations in the transportan capacity utilization and the production of flyers. Thus, a  Transport system chosen with lower capacity and the Utilization of the flyer workers can be increased. Moreover, no Process control system necessary because the start times, the Period duration and the roving length of a coil over the Control panel manually entered resp. can be corrected NEN.

A completed block change can either by Be be operated, for example, by acknowledging a corresponding alarm, or the operator is instructed to produce a yarn break at each changed bobbin. This prevents the roving piecing from becoming a tear niger the winder unrecognized, thread error leads (depending on the cleaner setting). By the evaluation The ROBOfile data can be used to operate all winding units of the Blockes are detected. Are the coils of a coil changed feeder, then the operator triggers at the beginning of Block change the signal to move the train (Ripcord) so that he can comfortably pull the spools out of the way Can take train (Obj. 2247). Thus, the cognition prepares the block change start in this case, no difficulties and does not require any additional operator intervention.

By checking the empty bobbins (ROBOfil sets Luntenstopps for the entire block) and the ent provided roving bobbin amount (tube cleaning station) Errors like an unexecuted change or an inaccurate one Roving length are detected.

This approach has the advantage that the Blockwech Actual distances are constant. This results in a clear more stable behavior in fault mode. The operator call before the upcoming block change can be done without extra effort be guided and allows a more favorable Bedienstrastra strategy.  

In addition, no process control system is necessary because the start times, the period and the roving length of a Coil manually entered via the control panel resp. Corridor can be gassed. This can be done with this block change support system also a favorable behavior reach unmanned ring spinning machine layers. in particular special may be the emptying of coils during the operations to prevent salvaged layers.

The even distribution of request times after Roving leads to significantly lower fluctuations in the Transport system utilization and flyer production. Thus can choose a transport system with lower capacity and the workload of the flyer workers will be increased.

Instead of the premature change of the coils is also a Control of the ring spinning machine speed conceivable with the is achieved that the next block within the he allowed intervals running idle. However, this variant points the big disadvantage that they affect the production the ring spinning machine reduced. There is also something for everyone Article an optimal speed and by the variation of same, the yarn properties can be affected unintentionally become.

Claims (12)

1. A method for operating a spinning plant or a group of spinning machines, where templates are changed according to the block change principle, characterized in that for each machine of the system or group change times are given and that triggered a change at one of these predetermined change times becomes. 2. A spinning machine with presentation points, block by block are arranged, characterized in that the Ma is provided with a control, wherein for the Machine programmed preset switching times are so that at a change time a change for a block of the machine can be triggered. 3. An installation with at least one group of spinning maschi NEN, characterized in that the system with Steue is provided, in which switching points a are programmed so that at a change time Change can be triggered, with the change time points are staggered over time. 4. An installation according to claim 3, characterized that the machines are formed according to claim 2 and the Graduation by setting the machine controls he follows. 5. A plant according to claim 3, characterized that the switching times in a machine superior Neten control are programmed. 6. An installation according to claim 5, characterized that the change based on the given  Change times in connection with the determined Coil content is controlled at the time. 7. A plant according to claim 6, characterized that determined by the control change time a replacement order to the operator or the Operating facilities are to perform the change ren. 8. An installation according to claim 3 or 6, characterized gekenn records that the change time based on the controller given priorities (eg no emptying in one unattended layer, coil availability, etc.) to be led. 9. A method according to claim 1, characterized that switching in each block from the machine can be solved, with a time program for the Ma machine is programmed in the machine control. 10. A method according to claim 9, characterized that the machine control an exchange order to the Operating personnel or operating devices to perform the switch. 11. A method according to claim 10, characterized that the full bobbins to be replaced before changing time be provided at the gate. 12. A method according to claim 9, 10 or 11, characterized ge indicates that the time programs of the machines adapted to each other.