DE4124044A1 - Mattress with elastic core and upholstered top layer - has a segmented top transverse part separated horizontally by cavities, with connecting bridges - Google Patents

Abstract

The mattress has a permanently elastic core (16) on which is an upholstered, 'breathing' layer. The core top transverse area is divided into adjacent segments (1) spaced apart horizontally on all sides by cavities (A). The 'breathing' upholstered layer (S) is detachably fixed to the core segments and near the cavities, is divided up or is formed of connecting-bridges (13) which make the core segments vertically and elastically compressible, independently of adjacent core segments. The connecting-bridges are horizontal, very elastic, and made of textile, knitted fabric. USE/ADVANTAGE - The mattress is adapted to the human body shape so that the pressure at any point is the same. It has an upholstered top layer enabling the body to breathe. It is lightweight and easy to clean.

Description

The invention relates to an integrated mattress with a permanently elastic mattress core and one attached to it breathable mattress cushion layer.

Three are essential to an optimally constructed mattress technical requirements:

• 1) The mattress should conform to the shape of the human Adjust body so that the contact pressure on each the position is as large as possible. For this has the term "point elastic" has become natural.
• 2) The mattress should have a mattress cushion layer possess which is the breathing of the body surface impaired as little as possible. For this the The term "breathable" is used.
• 3) The mattress should be light and complete get cleaned.

With the previously available on the market and in Pa mattresses described in the literature are only un satisfactory compromise solutions between the above important demands to make on a mattress are offered, the Ge for each embodiment pay different attention to the fulfillment of the above  Claims are distributed. In no case will a Ma step provided, at the same time each of the three requirements above satisfactory and in one technically practicable way is fulfilled.

The requirement for "point elasticity" is admitted to ver different, more or less satisfactory, by as elastic elements such. B. slatted frames, Sprungfe the vertical webs of air chamber systems, knobs constructions, surfaces of Foam mats, etc. are used, being in special as with mattresses for bedsores, the Un distribution of the contact surface was even pushed so far that some of the elastic elements completely have their bandages removed. However, this point elastic conception, which is correctly called Segmentela Conception of strength is to be described because the contact surface is only divided into segment-like areas, either through the design of the breathable mattress pads layer again largely destroyed or at the expense the breathable mattress cushion layer reaches how further below based on the printed status of the Technology is explained in more detail.

The demand for a breathable mattress pad layer is made by using porous materia lien for the central and the direct contact surface of the Mattress released, such as from natural fabrics fibers (cotton, wool, horsehair, coconut etc. - because of their high specific surface and the underlying hy drophilic molecular structure), as well as by Ver use of open pore foams made of natural or synthetic polymers (e.g. polyurethane), the specifi cal surface and hydrophilicity are significantly lower  than that of natural fibers, with additional ventilation also geometric construction elements such as holes and Grooves are used. However, according to the state of the art Technology proposed and implemented solutions of the Problems with the breathable mattress pad layer away very unsatisfied with the cleaning option enough, as the following comments on the problem of Show cleaning of the mattresses.

The problem of cleaning is namely the mattresses according to the state of the art practically not at all solves, but rather is left to the user how he dealt with the problem with the purchased mattress is coming. Because in many cases the mattress body is as an integrated structure of inseparable nigen components that are completely different che cleaning measures require, in many cases the structure is so largely integrated that a Reini is only superficially possible. Deeper penetration Contamination (blood, urine, faeces, etc.) lead to more or less irreversible harm. An exception in this context put the mattresses out of foam materials, although their cleaning is solely due to their size is very cumbersome.

From the requirement that the above three requirements (1), (2) and (3) in one for practical use of the mattress satisfactory at the same time and as optimally as possible fulfill, result, as already indicated above, two be particularly serious conflicts in practical implementation mattress, namely the conflict between "Point elasticity" and "breathable" mattress pads layer, and the conflict between "breathable" mattress Zen cushion layer and "cleaning":

• A) The conflict between "point elasticity" / "breathable "active" mattress cushion layer is technical more serious than the conflict between "breathable tive "mattress pad layer and" cleaning ". However this former conflict is almost in the prior art consistently at the expense of one or the other requirement, d. H. in a completely unsatisfactory way "solved". Because you can almost find it in practice only breathable mattress cushion layers with inelastic, continuous cross structure. There are this is porous single or multiple layers, one secondary cross coupling between the primary decoupling pelten elastic elements of the underlying Actually supporting mattress core and the thus the originally targeted "point elasticity" largely cancel it. Most pronounced this is with innerspring mattresses, where as Mattress cushion layer that is breathable and for Padding the hard metallic elastic spring elements is required, a particularly thick edition is necessary to achieve this cushioning. Almost just as serious and just as little visible the conflict mentioned, if on an elaborate lat tenrost construction a continuous mattress is laid. Those solutions should also be mentioned in which the principle of "point elasticity" conse quent carried out the problem of "breathable Edition "but is simply not taken into account. It can thus be seen that the requirements "point elasticity "and" breathable "mattress pads has not yet worked satisfactorily could be reconciled.  
• B) The conflict between "breathable" mattress pole Thick layer and "cleaning" is at the manufacturer development of mattresses generally less technically serious than the conflict between "point elastic "and" breathable "mattress pad layer, in the construction of mattresses, as has usually been the case up to now could be walked. However, this turns into a conflict "deported" to the user, as per this regarding the most serious case of the integrated Ma stratz can be seen particularly clearly, here briefly be explained. In all cases of such a mattress, in which you can seriously expect contamination must, and where moreover particularly high hygienic Claims are made - i.e. in the clinic area - the mattress is protected by rubber sheets etc. where through the breathability of the upper mattress pole of course is lost. Additionally added drawn bed sheets and molleton towels etc. fix this Difficulty is very poor. In other cases mattress core and breathable Ma Always clean the cushion layer, they are but made up together, even though they are egg Occasionally a different cleaning method should. So a mattress core made of porous Foam even with deeper dirt tongues with cold or warm water and a Clean the detergent that requires a breathable pad however, in such cases a hot wash, namely precisely because of their superiority to the foam absorption capacity.

Specifically, DE-GM 75 03 063 is a full foam Ma core made of flexible polyurethane foam with continuous  Openings known in one of the embodiments the openings crossed in a straight line through the foam block run so that cuboid elevations arise. On This design is based on the thermal insulation of the mattress lower core, an adjustable suspension behavior and good hygienic properties. The The problem of the "point elasticity" of the mattress core is here basically solved, that of "cleaning" also. However is the problem with the breathable mattress pad layer solved only at the expense of "point elasticity" by the in Mattress core existing "point elasticity" on the support surface of the mattress is very unsatisfactory effect can come, so the "point elasticity" by the Breathable mattress cushion layer again largely is made. Because the breathable mattress pole The star layer is made of a multi-layer continuous coating a knitted fabric. Such a mattress pad layer results in such a high elastic cross coupling that thereby the "point elasticity" of the mattress core on the Hardly any contact surface of the mattress where it is needed or is only very unsatisfactorily effective.

A similar mattress design is from CH-PS 6 39 546 known. Here too, recesses ensure that the Mattress core in individual blocks spaced from each other is divided, and again the task is the "point elasticity "well effective up to the contact surface make, only partially solved. On a stretch fabric are quilted in the transverse direction. A stretch availability of the breathable mattress pad layer therefore only available in the longitudinal direction of the mattress. The Un division of the mattress core surface into blocks made ineffective in the transverse direction. Is also not ensures that the cushion layers are always on the upper  surfaces of the blocks and the stretchable areas the same are over the transverse grooves of the mattress core the.

In the mattress according to DE-GM 80 28 632 separate one cuts the square or rectangular foam blocks of the mattress core. Here the same applies as above with regard to DE-GM 75 03 063 leads. The mattress core with split surface should be in covered as usual and possibly with moisture control materials to be assembled. A coating "in the usual way", however, provides a cross coupling between the foam blocks. The assembly be also rides a foam core material Problems with hygienic cleaning.

The mattress described in DE-OS 38 05 980 made of foam and has numerous bumps and dents performances in a uniform distribution. The problems of "Point elasticity" and "cleaning" are good here solves. In addition, the mattress surface exercises a good one Massage effect. However, the problem is the "Breathable" mattress pad layer not at all solved.

The German patent application V 6073 VII / 56a (1953) and the DE-OS 30 23 287 deal mainly with the Her provision of foam sheets for mattresses that are have intersecting slots, whereby a variety of Ku ben is formed on the upholstery surface. The here indicated offered solutions to the problem of "point elasticity" are very unsatisfactory because of that in the mattress core incorporated grooves, which is basically a good "point would ensure elasticity "by sticking on  Foam layers are closed again. Thereby the "point elasticity" goes because of the cross coupling of the ela elements lost again. Basically lies here Air chamber system before, that only the ventilation of the mattress core favorably influenced.

Furthermore, from DE-OS 25 42 178 and EP 01 14 762 A2 appropriately trained mattresses for storing sick people Known to those with a subdivision of the Contact surface in small individual blocks a punctiform Ver division of the bed load achieved and thus the bedsores should be prevented. Again, good lions are here solutions for "point elasticity". However, that is Task, this with the further requirements of "breathable" To connect pad and "cleaning", not at all solves, because in both publications this problem is solved not addressed. EP 01 14 762 A2 describes an upper layer structure, this is ever but layers of different compressibilities that functionally still belong to the mattress core, and not around breathable mattress cushion layers.

In addition, DE-GM 88 14 506 and EP 02 30 389 A2 Mattresses described in which the basic body and Er The mattresses are not lifted from one piece, but from a kind of plug-in system exist. The solutions offered for "point elasticity" are good, and beyond is proposed by Her in DE-GM 88 14 506 removability of the individual elastic elements whose be Queme cleaning guaranteed. However, the problem is the "Breathable" mattress pad layer not at all solved. Because it is only suggested that either the mattress as a whole or its individual elements with one Linen or fitted sheet covers. That is just a measure  taking the usual covering of a complete measure step on a breathable mattress pad layer points out with a sheet, so here is easy the breathable mattress pad layer is omitted. Because such a simple sheet cover is like that The conception of almost all other mattresses shows one have breathable mattress cushion layer, for prevention change in moisture build-up on the skin surface lig insufficient. This is especially true in hospital settings rich especially for pressure ulcer patients, to their pressure relief the system described is actually designed, and the longer periods of time due to restricted mobility have to spend the same location. A damp In such cases, congestion increases the risk of skin damage infections that then make the pressure ulcer problem even worse would. The Ma proposed in DE-GM 88 14 506 structure with many elastic individual elements sits, is complex and primarily for the sick house operation designed. Against widespread use in the private sector speak the relatively high manufacturing costs most. In contrast, EP-02 30 389 A2 relates first Line on base for upholstery of automobile seats and seating. These are the structural elements for mattresses proposed basic body unsuitable. The support points are too far apart from each other for this resulting contact pressures too high.

Finally, an edition is specified in EP-00 36 158 B1 ben, which consists of permanently elastic material and on the Supporting side has ribs or knobs. The ribs or Knobs point in a predetermined direction. Here too proposed a "point elastic" system. The edition The area of the round nubs is too small and overall therefore the contact pressure is too high. The system likes  short-term use such as massage are suitable, but not as a solution for a mattress.

Finally in DE-OS 36 37 448 is a spring mattress core or upholstery core described in which only the Ab cover plate with knob-shaped bodies of the same height, however different shape and density. The The structure described here is another example of a structure in which the "point elastic" effect individually elements (springs, louvers) through the opening bring the mattress cushion layer to the support surface, where it is needed is made practically ineffective.

The above discussion of the prior art shows that the "point elasticity", "Breathable" mattress pad layer and "practical Cleaning ", which should unite a mattress, to combine them in a satisfactory way.

The object of the invention is in particular a mattress to provide the above requirements in met the highest possible degree and with which all of the disadvantages of the prior art discussed above or to be overcome to a significant extent.

This object is achieved with a mattress a permanently elastic mattress core and one on top of it resp. applied breathable mattress cushion layer solved, at which

• a) the mattress core at least in its upper cross cutting area into adjacent mattresses core segments is divided by spaces are horizontally spaced on all sides, and  
• b) the breathable mattress cushion layer releasably provided the mattress core segments and in the area of the gaps broken or of connection bridge is formed, which the mattress core segments one, essentially from neighboring mattresses vertical elastic composite independent of core segments Leave pressure on.

In this way it is achieved that the segment elastic largely as far as the breathable mattress pole layer continues and not just an egg property of the mattress core remains, and that the mattress core and the mattress pad layer for cleaning resolved each other and separated in their differences Chen materials cleaned appropriate way can be.

It therefore becomes an integrated mattress with the invention provided, which discuss the above in detail three particularly important requirements at the same time and optimally fulfilled, namely "point elasticity", "breathable active "mattress cushion layer and" convenient cleaning ". This mattress can also be inexpensive and therefore in a wide variety of variants - from simple and cheap to complex and expensive - offer. It is therefore both for use in clinics as well suitable for private use. Your "point elasticity" is a real measurable size and can be chosen depending on the Materials and the geometric shape and arrangement of the individual elastic elements vary continuously and specify in concrete numbers. Because of this property should the mattress according to the invention also not as a "point  elastic ", but - as already indicated - as" seg be mentally elastic ".

In particular, there are various possibilities that Form connecting bridges so that they are the mattresses core segments one essentially from neighboring mattress core segments independent vertical elastic together Leave printability:

• A) A first embodiment of the connecting bridges is characterized according to the invention in that the connecting bridges are essentially parallel to the the sides of the mattresses delimiting the spaces core segments extend and preferably slightly defor are mable. Here is deformable under "easy" to understand that when the compression of the zuge ordered mattress core segments required deforma forces for a corresponding deformation of the Link bridges are much smaller than that to compress the mattress core segments applied compression forces.
• B) A second embodiment of the connecting bridges is characterized according to the invention in that the connecting bridges are essentially horizontal stretch and are highly elastic. Here is below Such a degree of elasticity is "highly elastic" understand that the individual elastic zu pressing the mattress core segments together by the ver binding bridges to an adjacent mattress core segment transmitted forces much lower than that for elastic compression of the mattress core segment compression forces applied, in particular are small against these compression forces.  
• C) A third embodiment of the connecting bridges is characterized according to the invention in that diesel ben limp bridges are their limp Degree of safety is so large that the connecting bridges in total elastic compression differences to be used border area of neighboring mattress core segments flaccid stay d. H. at most with maximum to be used Compression difference between adjacent mattress core segments just become taut.

Common to these embodiments is the connecting bridge s that the respective connecting bridge is neither in the stati still in the dynamic state of the mattress core segments significant lateral forces on the adjacent mattress core segment transmits or exercises mente, so that the mattress core segment elements essentially independently of each other are malleable and thus one up to the top of the at Mung-active mattress pad layer acting segments stability is ensured.

The connecting bridges can preferably be made of textile material exist, and particularly preferably - especially in the above Case (B) - made of knitting.

In contrast to knitted fabrics, knitting results in high elasticity connecting bridges in the sense of the present invention dung. Knitting and knitting are the two most important Methods to produce a knitted fabric that is in principle elastic len. However, they differ in essential points:

• a) The mechanical knitting process runs faster than that Knitting process, since several stitches are the same when working  be formed early, while knitting only one Stitch after stitch.
• b) The thread used for knitting is thinner than that for Knitting used.
• c) The elasticity of a knitted fabric is considerably lower than that of a knitting.

From this comparison it can be seen that a knitted fabric always be breathable and elastic at the same time can, however, that in this combination of properties one Knitting is so inferior that it is in the sense the invention is not a "highly elastic" material, provided it is not knitted from elastic threads or yarns is, but because it is compared to pure textile threads or - yarns are less breathable, less preferred are.

In the context of the invention, a knitting is preferred that after the mode "one right / one left" and / or from thick thready wool or cotton.

As "highly elastic" materials in the sense of the invention textile materials are therefore particularly preferred, the Elasticity is not primarily a property of Ma terials is from which the threads or yarns used exist, but rather primarily a property is the superstructure that is imprinted on the threads or yarns and to which the threads or yarns or a textile piece of material itself are processed. Examples of such Superstructures are the meandering course of a thread or yarn in a knitwear, or the meandering structure that a piece of textile due to the special  len mesh arrangement is awarded, and finally the meandering structure, which is a finished piece of textile that you fold it appropriately afterwards. In this way, their elastic cross-coupling is indeed not zero, but in any case so much reduced that materials are obtained which are called "highly elastic Connecting bridges "are suitable.

Such "highly elastic" and at the same time excellent neter breathable materials can not only be used as Connecting bridges, but at the same time as the mate rialien the breathable mattress cushion layer or as contained in the breathable mattress pad layer Materials may be provided, this material in the breathable mattress cushion layer preferably multilayer, on the other hand, preferably in one layer in the connecting bridges is provided.

In particular, the mattress according to the invention forms that the breathable mattress cushion layer consists of knitting or contains knitting, which preferably continuously in knitting by connecting bridge merges. Here, the breathable mattresses cushion layer of a, preferably meandering, ge pleated multilayered layer of knitting consist or contain such a multi-layer layer of the knitting.

According to one aspect of the invention, therefore, the one areas of the at breathable mattress cushion layer than from the connec different types of mattress pad layers elements.  

Here, the mattress pad layer segments by means of the connecting bridges to the mattress pad layer segment bands connected longitudinally or transversely to the mattress core can be applied.

Instead, it is also possible in an advantageous manner Mattress cushion layer segments by means of the connection bridge to flat mattress pad layer segments to connect that to the mattress core or on as a whole Mattress core parts that are a matrix of mattress core seg include elements that can be applied.

According to another aspect of the invention, the on the Mattress core segments provided areas of breathable active mattress cushion layer and the connecting bridges as a uniform breathable mattress cushion layer be trained.

Furthermore, the mattress according to the invention can be designed in this way be that one mattress core segment or several or all Mattress core segments at least in the upper cross-sectional area is richly divided into adjacent subsegments or are, which are horizontal on all sides due to gaps are spaced from each other. This way one can Mattress cushion layer segment a small group of seg elements of the mattress core, which are then referred to here as "subsegments te "can be assigned.

The mattress core could be completely in separate dimensions core segments are divided, but it is over practical reasons to prefer that the mattress core segments in their lower cross-sectional area as a continuous hender mattress core are formed, d. H. that the mattress  zenkern preferably only in its upper cross-sectional area is divided into mattress core segments.

If against, as above with the basic he solution according to the invention, the breathable mattress Zen cushion layer interrupted in the area of the gaps is, that is, no connecting bridges are provided the Be assigned to the individual mattress core segments submit the breathable mattress pad layer as one can be applied to the associated mattress core segment Mattress cushion layer segments formed.

The mattress core can consist entirely of foam, such as made of polyurethane foam (PU foam) and from foamed natural rubber latex. Because PU foam has open pores and foam rubber latex is closed-pore the PU foam with the same geometric shape and arrangement the elastic core segments made of ventilation green to prefer that. The same applies to open-pore ones Foams made of materials other than polyurethane, for example wise for those made of polyester. In addition to mattress cores Foams can also be inflatable and pimpled out equipped rubber mattresses, but their ventilation and only solely through the spaces between the individual knobs is used. Segmented mattress cores can NEN within the scope of the invention but also from other materia lien than be made of foam and rubber. For example, from compacts made of rubberized coconut fibers or other fibrous materials. Even spring mattresses can be used because they are basically consistent segment by moving each spring individually sheaths, for example individually with a breathable and provides enough soft pad, and then the single springs not near the support, but several  Centimeters underneath mechanically connected, see above that their upper parts are decoupled from each other and free can swing.

The distances between the individual mattress core segments, for example the widths of the mattress core area sawn grooves or the mean distances between between individual mattress core springs are the best between 5 and 10 mm. Such a mattress core segment from stand is so small on the one hand that it lies on top of it the body surface of a human body not yet perceived as a distance and therefore not annoying is felt. On the other hand is the mattress core segment ment distance so large that crooked elasti the mattress core segments when re-erecting not between jamming adjacent mattress core segments nen. As already indicated, the groove depth is freely selectable bar. Experience has shown that depths between 50 and 100 mm sufficient. Groove depths and spacings regulate the local one Elasticity of the remaining mattress core segments. These two sizes can vary across the length and width of the Mattress core can be varied across to the local Ela optimally adapt the stity of the respective local load sen.

In particular, the mattress core segments can thereby ge be formed that the mattress core surface in a Variety of small elastic cubes or cuboids or Cylinders or bodies of other geometric shape under is split or made of spiral springs or other elastic Construction elements, which are separated by distances separated from each other and therefore individually elastic are sam.  

In the mattress structure according to the invention at best every single core segment or one small group of adjacent mattress core segments elements assigned to a mattress cushion layer segment. The Breathable mattress pad segments are included but not firmly together with the mattress core segments assembled, but can be easily removed and put on again. This ensures that Ma core and breathable mattress pad layer separate from each other.

The segmentation of the breathable mattress pads layer allows any material for their construction lien, as they do when building conventional Chen mattresses are used, so different thickness La gen of cotton, wool, felt, horsehair, synthetic sern or the like. Also pieces of suitably tanned skins can be used.

The thickness of the mattress pad layer segments is free selectable and can therefore be tailored to individual needs Ventilation of the breathable mattress pad layer fit. Also thick breathable mattress pad layer segments do not cause cross coupling between the elasti mattress core segments.

The segmented surface of the mattress according to the invention usually points upwards, the non-segmented top face down; but of course the mattress can be also turn around so that the non-segmented and therefore hard comes to lie on the other side. Are both surfaces with a breathable mattress cushion layer see, the result is "two mattresses in one ner ", and thus the possibility - depending on mood and  State of health - either the "one" or the "other" Surface to use. The investigations carried out under of the invention have shown that this Variability in relaxation comfort as extraordinarily pleasant is felt.

According to one aspect of the invention, the integrated Ma However, do not step out of a single continuous measure core and a single breathing act ven mattress cushion layer composed, but be stands out of a set of smaller mattresses, each individually from a mattress core and a breathable Mattress cushion layer put together and all together on a common document (e.g. on a mattress protector) are removably attached (at for example with the help of Velcro).

According to another embodiment of the invention, the for the special use on slatted frames is suitable the entire mattress into a number of small sub-mattresses zen divided so that the individual partial mattresses of each other are vibrationally decoupled and each partial mattress ent neither assigned to a grate, for example on it clamped, or between two grate slats is stuck.

According to yet another aspect of the invention individual mattress core segments made of springs or ent keep springs that are at their lower end and given if necessary, again in the lower half of their height, ge possibly even close to half their height, not ever but mechanically connected to each other at their upper end are so that their upper parts can swing freely without to be influenced by neighboring springs.  

Another embodiment of the invention stands out characterized in that the connection between mattress core segment ment and breathable mattress pad segment is achieved by a Velcro fastener or in that the breathable mattress pad segment the shape has a cap, which on the mattress core segment is pluggable, or in that the breathable mattress Zen cushion layer segment has a pin, which in a corresponding hole in the mattress core segment is inserted will and can slide up and down in it, or by the fact that the breathable mattress pad segment on his Underside of a spring or a lug from a rough one Tissue possesses which one in a corresponding Slot of the mattress core segment can be clamped, wherein additionally the lower end of the spring or the neck rol can be len-shaped (for example by sewing hen a piece of cord) and this roll-shaped thickening into a corresponding channel at the bottom of the Slot fits in the mattress core segment.

According to another aspect of the invention, the one with other connected breathable Mattress pad layer segments, that's the one Carrier tape connecting mattress pad layer segments a highly elastic and breathable fabric made so that in the assembled state of the mattress and at full load one of the Ma padding layer segments only one negligible small elastic cross coupling to its neighboring mattresses cushion layer segments occurs, but not every the breathable mattress pad segments to one the ways described above on his mattress core ment must be attached.  

An embodiment of the invention is characterized by this from that the breathable mattress pad layer carrier tape from an inelastic and air-permeable fabric is made, being stretched state of the carrier tape the distances between two be neighboring breathable mattress pad segments are much larger than the groove widths between each two mattress core segments, so that in the assembled Condition of the mattress in excess of the carrier tape lengths the grooves of the mattress core are inserted and on their bottoms can be attached, for example by pinching, for example by means of a piece of rough rope, wel ches is either assembled in the carrier tape or but as a loose element after putting on the carrier tape press into the grooves of the mattress core leaves.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention with to a flat structure connected breathable Ma mattress pad layer segments are the mattress pads Layer segments either on a highly elastic and air permeable sheet or confection between two such sheets tioned - the sheets, for example, from a rope work exist - or, the mattress pad layer segments are on the intersections of a carrier tape construction square or rectangular pattern, where the above-mentioned Kon structural and assembly features are provided accordingly, or being the above for fixing inelastic Ropes specified ropes either individually or in Form of nets throughout the entire length or Width of the mattress or over significant longitudinal sections of the same and thus individual bands,  the one made of carrier tape and breathable mattress pads Layer segments exist with one another, as indicated above are connected.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a flä Breathable mattress cushion layer provided be the one after the mode "one right / one left" ge finished and pleated by pleats Knitting between two highly elastic and air-permeable includes sewn sheets, firstly the rhythm the crimping the rhythm of the underlying mattress corresponds to core segmentation and secondly by the crinkle a de facto three-layer or more layering of the knitting is achieved.

Finally, there is still another aspect of the invention in that a flat breathable mattress pad layer of a highly elastic, for example after the Mode "one right / one left" manufactured but not ge pleated, knitting exists, which in the above specified way between two highly elastic and breathable sheets may be sewn in (but not must) and further that preferably the direction of maximum Elasticity of the knitting and the sheets when covering an overall mattress parallel to its transverse direction and when covering a small partial mattress parallel to it Longitudinal direction.

An embodiment of the invention is finally emerging characterized in that the flat breathable mattress pole layer from the tube of a thick thread and after the Mode "one right / one left" made knitting for example wool or cotton, in which the segmented mattress core can be inserted.  

Some developments of the invention are in the Unteran sayings.

The foregoing, as well as other advantages and features of Invention are based on some preferred Aus embodiments of the invention with reference to the Figu ren of the drawing described and explained in more detail; it shows gene:

Fig. 1 shows some embodiments of the mattress according to the invention in a schematic partial view of a tratzenpolsterschichtsegments Ma and a single coatable thereon respectively breathable Ma tratzenpolsterschichtsegments of the mattress;

Figs. 2a and 2b an embodiment of a mattress according to the Invention, in which the breathable mattress pad layer segments are connected by means hochela-extremist carrier bands to band structures;

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a mattress according to the invention, in which the breathable mattress cushion layer segments are connected by means of essentially non-elastic carrier bands to form band structures;

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a mattress according to the invention, in which the breathable mattress cushion layer is constructed continuously from a knitting;

Fig. 5 and 6 embodiments of mattresses according to the invention in which the mattress core is mounted on a slat;

FIGS. 7 and 8 show embodiments of the inventive mattress where the mattress core in sepa rate mattress core pieces is divided, which are mounted on a common support; and

Fig. 9 is a partial representation of an embodiment of a mattress according to the invention, in which the Ma core segments are essentially formed by Spiralfe.

In Fig. 1 some embodiments of a mattress are shown in partial views, in each of which only one of the many mattress core segments 1 and each of the individually attachable breathable mattress pad layer segments 2 is shown in cross-sectional side view and different types of attachment for releasable attachment of the breathable mattress pad layer segment 2 the associated mattress core segment 1 are illustrated, the breathable mattress cushion layer segments 2 forming a breathable mattress cushion layer S:

Fig. 1a shows a detachable connection between the Matrat zenkernsegment 1 and the breathable mattress padding layer segment 2 by means of a Velcro fastener. 3

In Fig. 1b, the breathable mattress pad layer 2 is designed for its detachable attachment to the mattress core segment 1 as a push-on cap, the sides 4 of which are made, for example, of thin felt or of another material which is just so dimensionally stable that it is without deformation can be pushed onto the mattress core segment 1 under slight pressure. In this solution, it is advisable to choose the height of the mattress core segment 1 somewhat larger than in the other proposed solutions, so that its overall compressibility is retained.

According to FIG. 1c push-pins 5 are attached on the underside of the breathable mattress padding layer segment 2 introduced to the releasable attachment is saving an off in the middle part of the corresponding mattress core segment 1 6 is in which the plug-in pin 5 under load of the mattress core segment 1 can move freely up and down without bumping into a mechanical surface, for example a board or the slat of a grate. At the free end of the insertion pin 5 , a, for example spherical, thickening 7 is preferably provided, which prevents slipping out and in a correspondingly enlarged lower part of the recess 6 can be pushed ver.

According to Fig. 1d, a so-called tongue and groove connection between the mattress core segment 1 and the breathable mattress pad layer segment 2 is provided, the spring 8 is placed on the underside of the mattress pad layer segment and can be provided at the free end with a thickening 9 , but need not. The spring 8 can be inserted into a slot-shaped groove 10 , which is formed in the upper part of the mattress core segment 1 . Normal textiles can be used in particular as spring material, preferably those made of rough material. The mechanical friction between the tongue 8 and the walls of the groove 10 is sufficient to hold the breathable mattress pad segment 2 in position. In the case of special mechanical stress, the spring 8 can be rolled together somewhat in the simplest case to form the thickening 9 at the lower end. In the case of a thickening 9, the mattress core segment 1 should then be manufactured in such a way that in the depth of the slot-shaped groove 10 there is a small, for example round cross-section 11 in which the thickening 9 comes to lie. In complicated ren cases you can in the spring 8, for example, a wooden pin or sew a piece of rope as a thickening 9 in order to guarantee the fixation of the spring 8 in the mattress core segment.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 2a, 2b and 3, the breathable mattress pad layer segments 1 are combined into bands, in two different forms, one of which is shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b and the other in FIG. 3: In the embodiment of FIG. 2a and 2b, there is the breathable mattress padding layer segments 2 supporting carrier tape 12, the regions between adjacent Ma tratzenpolsterschichtsegmenten 2, the above erläuter th highly elastic connecting bridges 13 form, preferably as tissue from a highly elastic porous and wash solid Ge. In this carrier tape 12, the individual Matrat be zenpolsterschichtsegmente 2 so aufkonfektioniert that, depending on a breathable Matratzenpolsterschichtseg element 2 comes to lie on a mattress core segment 1 in the unstressed or only slightly stressed state of the carrier tape 12th The distances between two adjacent mattress pad layer segments 2 are then as large as the groove width or the distance A between two adjacent Ma core segments 1 . The elasticity of the carrier tape 12 must be so high that its elongation with different loads between two adjacent resilient mattress core segments 1 causes no significant cross-coupling. If the mattress pad layer segments 2 are sewn onto the elastic carrier tape 12 , the seam 14 should run as perpendicular to the tape direction as possible, as shown in FIG. 2a. Then it does not affect the elasticity of the band. The elasticity of a knitted fabric, such as is used for the production of tension sheets (“stretch” material, etc.), is not sufficient for this in the usual state of tension, as it arises after being pulled up. Rather, it should be practically completely relaxed in the unloaded state and only be elastically stressed when subjected to pressure. Elastic bands, for example bodice bands, are particularly well suited as carrier bands made of "stretch" material. If the breathable Ma mattress pad layer segments 2 are combined in this way to form tapes, then it is no longer necessary to fasten each individual mattress pad pad segment 2 to a mattress core segment 1 . It is sufficient if there are about one to three fixations across the width of a mattress. The number of fixing points required decreases with increasing elasticity of the carrier tapes 12 used . In the case of rubber bands, fixed points are not necessary at all.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the carrier tape 15 there is not or only slightly elastic, for example it is made of linen or cotton. In the stretched state, the distances between two adjacent breathable mattress pad layer segments 2 are then substantially larger than the groove widths A in the mattress core 16 . When to put the mattress pad layer segments 2 to the Ma tratzenkern 16 then comes to the above case per one Matrat zenpolsterschichtsegment 2 to lie on a mattress core segment first The excess intermediate lengths of the carrier bands 15 are pressed into the grooves 17 between adjacent core segments and fastened there by friction in the groove sole 18 , for example by pressing in a thickening 19 , which can be, for example, a piece of hemp rope of a suitable diameter. For this purpose, the groove sole can be designed as a round channel, the diameter of which is larger than the groove width A. With this type of fastening, the individual breathable mattress cushion layer segments 2 do not need to be further fixed on or in the mattress core segments. The intermediate lengths of the carrier tape 15 form the connecting bridges 20 explained above, which - in the assembled state of the mattress - extend substantially parallel to the sides 21 of the mattress core segments 1 delimiting the spaces or grooves 17 .

The tapes shown in FIGS . 2a, 2b and 3, which consist essentially of the carrier tape 12 and 15 and the breathable mattress pad layer segments 2 , can be stretched both in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the mattress core 16 . Since it is only necessary to dismantle the total volume in cases of deep contamination, and experience has shown that these contaminants do not have a very large areal expansion in most cases, cross-clamping is recommended due to the lower cost.

Preferred embodiments will now be explained in which the breathable mattress pad layer segments are combined to form sheet-like structures by assembly: one of these embodiments consists in that highly elastic carrier tapes 12 are used , as in FIGS . 2a and 2b, but this time both lengthways and also run transversely, thus forming a rectangular or quadratic pattern; in this case, each breathable mattress pad layer segment 2 should be attached exactly to an intersection of the carrier tapes 12 . For the choice of tape material applies mutatis mutandis, what has previously been said about the tape-shaped arrangements. Since, however, when summarizing the mattress padding layer elements 2, the number of cross-coupling possibilities between the resilient mattress core segments 1 is roughly doubled compared to that in the case of band-shaped arrangements, the elicity of the carrier tapes should, if possible, be twice as large as in the case of a band-shaped arrangement. The easiest way to achieve this is by halving the carrier bandwidth. The areal density of the fixing points between the mattress pad layer segments 2 and the mattress core segments 1 is smaller with a flat arrangement than with a band-shaped one.

In a further embodiment of a flat structure, carrier tapes 15 made of inelastic material are used as in FIG. 3. However, these are not each individually fastened individually with short rope pieces in the slot soles 18 of the mattress core segments 1 , but rather ropes are used which extend over the entire mattress length or width or over partial sections thereof, and of course also together with the carrier tapes 15 can be confectioned.

In yet another embodiment, which is analogous to that of FIG. 3, the inelastic carrier tapes 15 run in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the mattress, and they are fastened in that a net of suitable cord or suitable rope is inserted into the Groove soles 18 is pressed between the elastic mattress core segments 1 . In the assembled state of the mattress, each elastic mattress core segment 1 is covered on all four sides by the cloth of the carrier tapes 15 in this case . In this variant too, carrier tapes 15 and net or nets can either be used as separate components or can be assembled together to form a single component.

Then the breathable mattress pads Layer segments thereby also to a flat structure summarize that they are sewn between two sheets, again, it is important to ensure that the directions of the Seams do not affect the elasticity of the sheets. The tension sheets used here should not be out of place a knitted fabric, but - because of its superior elasticity act - be made from a knitwear. This applies in fol consistently, if of tension sheet or of "stretch" - Material is talked about.

A particularly advantageous variant of this confectioning option, which is easy to manufacture, is shown in FIG. 4: one manufactures, for example according to the "one right / one left" mode, a knitting 22 made of thick-thread wool or cotton or of another breathable fiber , wherein a periodic insertion of pleats 23 leads to a periodic, ie meandering pleating, which results in a three-layered structure of the knitting. The three layers result in good ventilation of the knitting, and the knitting mode together with the pleating gives it high elasticity. Surprisingly, this structure of the knitting works and the properties resulting from it do not get lost even after a long period of use if the now three-layer, together with two tension sheets 24 five-layer, overlay is sewn around the outer edge. In addition to the type of pleating shown in FIG. 4, other types of pleating are of course also possible and executable.

With a variant that is still simplified, you can do not fold the knitting. One uses then for each complete or for each partial mattress only a breathable mattress pad layer, the inside or all in one piece of material exists, which however is as elastic as possible must be done. As an example here is a knitting from Kind of called "one right / one left". To the necessary Ventilation of this breathable mattress pad layer to ensure it should be made of thick thread material stand. The sewing between two sheets is in this Case not required. The easiest, according to this prin zip-made mattress then consists of a segmented ten mattress core, which is simply in a tube from this elastic material is inserted, the hose should only be stretched weakly. It is obvious, that the remaining elastic cross-coupling, which still has this breathable mattress pad layer, the smaller the mattress core, the weaker the effect, be with this breathable mattress pad layer is stretched.

The mattress structures proposed here only need then a normal size segmented mattress core (90 cm x 190 cm or 100 cm x 200 cm or the like) when on  was a normal flat floor for the core or the inelastic wooden floor of a bed or horizontal elastic spring frame is used. The segmented mattress In these cases, kern provides an adequate bed away.

In the embodiments according to FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the breathable mattress cushion layer is not shown, the support for the mattress core is there against a slatted frame. Since this already has its own segment elasticity, the mattress dimensions can be smaller. In this case, it is possible to give each individual grate slat 25 its own segmented mattress core 16 a, which then has the consequence that the inherent elasticity of the grate slats 25 comes into its own because the cross coupling is eliminated, which otherwise through the non-segregated floor ( Fig. 1 to 4) of a mattress of standard size would effect. Each combination of grate slat 25 and its own mattress core piece 16 a then represents an individually effective elastic element, without mechanical interaction with neighboring elements. However, this variant, which is shown in Fig. 5, is not recommended if - as in children's rooms - there is a risk that people get their feet in the slats between spaces.

In these cases, one may, as a countermeasure against possible accidents but reduce the slat spacing or the mattress core pieces 16 a between two pinch grate slats 25 as shown in FIG. 6, and / or an individual grid slats 25 or Connect mattress core pieces 16 a with a stable cloth.

A special embodiment of this latter concept is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and consists in that a plurality of small mattress core pieces 26 or even a number of small complete partial mattresses are detachably applied to a thin common support 27 , for example by means of a Velcro fastener 28 . If the small partial mattresses are used for a bed with a frame that is sufficiently high, then this is of course sufficient to ensure the cohesion of the whole arrangement. In this case, Velcro fasteners 28 or other fastening options are unnecessary. A common mattress protector can serve as a common support 27 . In this form, the mattress is particularly suitable for use in hospitals for the bedding of bedsores, because the individual partial mattresses can be removed, exchanged, taken apart and cleaned individually. Different small partial mattresses with different mattress core elasticity can also be applied particularly well to one and the same common base in this way.

The surfaces of the individual mattress core pieces 26 can of course in turn be segmented again and covered with one of the breathable mattress cushion layers described above. A simple way of realizing this idea is to insert the segmented mattress core into a double tube made of "stretch" material, which is close-fitting in the relaxed state, the breathable mattress padding being incorporated into the top of the tube.

The structure is even simpler, as already mentioned above said if you put the mattress core in a tube thick thread, elastic and breathable mattress pole insert layer material.  

Counts the mattress core of the small mattresses in his Transverse direction only a few - preferably 2 or 3 - rows of segments, this is the structure of the breathable Ma pillow cushion layer particularly effective. Since a sol material only in one direction, so here in ner longitudinal direction, maximum stretch, in the perpendicular to it In contrast, it is only slightly stretchable in the direction, it is important that the direction of the maximum stretchability of the hose paral lel to the longitudinal direction of the mattress core the small part mattress runs and vice versa, the direction of the minimum Elongation of the hose parallel to the transverse direction of this Mattress core.

Fig. 9 shows schematically the segmentation of a segmented mattress core composed of springs, in particular spiral springs, 29 , in which the spiral springs 29 are not at 30 above, where the breathable mattress cushion layer is applied, but several centimeters below it are connected by mechanical connecting means 31 are so that their upper parts are decoupled from each other and can swing freely.

Claims (27)

1. Mattress with a permanently elastic mattress core and a breathable mattress pad layer attached to it, whereby

• a) the mattress core ( 16 ) is divided into adjacent mattress core segments ( 1 ) at least in its upper cross-sectional area, which are horizontally spaced from one another on all sides by spaces (A), and
• b) the breathable mattress cushion layer (S) releasably provided on the mattress core segments ( 1 ) and in the area of the gaps (A) interrupted or formed by connec tion bridges ( 13 , 20 ), which the mattress core segments ( 1 ) one, essentially of neighboring mattress core segments ( 1 ) leave independent, vertical elastic compressibility.

2. Mattress according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting bridges ( 20 ) extend substantially parallel to the gaps (A) limiting sides ( 21 ) of the mattress core segments ( 1 ) and are preferably easily deformable. 3. Mattress according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting bridges ( 13 ) extend substantially horizontally and are highly elastic. 4. Mattress according to claim 1, characterized net through slack connecting bridges.   5. Mattress according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting bridges ( 13 , 20 ) consist of textile material. 6. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, in particular claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the connecting bridges ( 13 ) consist of knitting. 7. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the breathable mattress cushion layer consists of knitting ( 22 ) or contains knitting ( 22 ), which preferably transitions continuously into knitting ( 22 ) of connecting bridges. 8. Mattress according to claim 7, characterized in that the breathable mattress cushion layer (S) consists of a, preferably meandering, gefäl telten multi-layer layer of the knitting ( 22 ) or contains such a multi-layer layer of the knitting ( 22 ). 9. Mattress according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the knitting unit ( 22 ) is a knitting unit manufactured according to the mode "one right / one left". 10. Mattress according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the knitting ( 22 ) is made of thick-thread wool or cotton. 11. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual mattress core segments ( 1 ) assigned areas of the breathable mattress cushion layer (S) as individually on the associated mattress core segment ( 1 ) attachable mattress cushion layer segments ( 2 ) are ausgebil det. 12. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual mattress core segments assigned areas of the breathable mattress cushion layer (S) as of the connecting bridges ( 13 , 20 ) different Ma mattress pad layer segments ( 2 ) are formed. 13. Mattress according to claim 12, characterized in that the mattress cushion layer segments ( 2 ) are connected by means of the connecting bridges ( 13 , 20 ) to mattress cushion layer segment tapes which can be applied lengthways or crosswise to the mattress core. 14. Mattress according to claim 12, characterized in that the mattress pad layer segments ( 2 ) are connected by means of the connecting bridges ( 13 , 20 ) to flat mattress pad layer segment webs, which as a whole share on the mattress core or on the mattress core, which form a matrix of mattress core segments ( 1 ) to grasp, are applicable. 15. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the areas provided on the mattress core segments ( 1 ) areas of the breathable mattress cushion layer (S) and the connecting bridges ( 13 , 20 ) are formed into a uniform breathable mattress cushion layer. 16. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mattress core segment ( 1 ) or more or all mattress core segments ( 1 ) is or are divided at least in the upper cross-sectional area into adjacent sub-segments, which are spaced horizontally on all sides by gaps are. 17. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mattress core segments ( 1 ) are formed in their lower cross-sectional area as a continuous mattress core. 18. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mattress consists of a set of smaller partial mattresses or comprises a set of smaller partial mattresses, each individually consisting of a mattress core ( 26 ) and a breathable mattress pad layer (S), in particular in in the form of breathable mattress pad layer segments ( 2 ), assembled and all are removably attached to one another on a common base ( 27 ), preferably on a mattress protector, preferably by means of Velcro fasteners ( 28 ). 19. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire mattress in a number of small Teilma mattresses ( 16 a) is divided so that the individual Teilma mattresses ( 16 a) are vibration decoupled from each other and each partial mattress either ever is assigned a grate batten ( 25 ), in particular clamped onto it or clamped between two grate batten ( 25 ). 20. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual mattress core segments consist of springs ( 29 ) or springs ( 29 ), which at their lower end and optionally again in the lower half of their height, and optionally even near their half height, but not in their upper end ( 30 ) are mechanically connected to each other, so that the upper parts of the springs ( 29 ) can swing freely, without being influenced by or significantly influenced by neighboring springs ( 29 ) to become. 21. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection between the mattress core segment and the breathable mattress pad layer segment ( 2 ) by means of a Velcro fastener ( 3 ), or that the breathable mattress pad layer segment ( 2 ) has the shape of a cap, which the mattress core segment (1) can be plugged, or in that the breathable Matratzenpolsterschichtseg ment (2) a pin (5), which is insertable into a entspre and fair hole (6) of the mattress core segment (1) and ascending therein can slide, or in that the breathable mattress pad layer segment ( 2 ) has on its underside a spring or an extension ( 5 ), preferably made of a rough fabric, which can be clamped into a corresponding slot ( 10 ) of the mattress core segment ( 1 ), preferably additionally the lower end of the spring or the neck ( 5 ) as a thickening ( 9 ), ins special roll-shaped thickening is formed, which fits into a corresponding channel ( 11 ) at the lower end of the slot ( 10 ) in the mattress core segment ( 1 ). 22. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of interconnected breathable mattress pad segments ( 2 ), the mattress pad layer segments ( 2 ) connecting carrier tape ( 12 ) is made of a highly elastic and air-permeable material, in particular Ge woven so that in the assembled state of the mattress and at full load pad layer segments of the mattress (2), only a negligibly small elastic cross coupling to its neighboring mattress padding layer segment (2) is present, whereby preferably only a part of the breathable mattress padding layer segments (2) on its assigned mattress core segment ( 1 ) is BEFE Stigt. 23. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier tape ( 15 ) connecting the breathable mattress cushion layer segments ( 2 ) is made of an inelastic and air-permeable material, preferably a fabric, wherein in the stretched state of the carrier tape ( 15 ) the distances between two adjacent Matratzenpol sterschichtsegmenten ( 2 ) are substantially larger than the Nu tenbreiten (A) between two mattress core segments ( 1 ), so that in the assembled state of the mattress the excess carrier tape lengths in the grooves ( 17 ) of the mattress core insertable and can be attached to the bottoms thereof, in particular by clamping by means of a thickening ( 19 ) which is either assembled in the carrier tape ( 15 ) or can be pressed into the grooves ( 17 ) in the grooves ( 17 ) as a loose element after the carrier tape ( 15 ) has been placed on the mattress core . 24. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the breathable mattress padding layer segments (2) are connected to a flat structure by zenpolsterschichtsegmente the Matrat (2) are assembled to either a hochelasti ULTRASONIC and air-permeable sheet or between two such sheets , wherein the sheets are preferably made of a knitting, or wherein the mattress pad layer segments ( 2 ) are assembled on the crossings of a construction made of carrier tapes ( 12 , 15 ), the fixing of non-elastic carrier tapes ( 15 ) preferably by means of ropes either individually or in Form of nets consistently over the entire length or width of the mattresses or over significant longitudinal sections of the same, and in this way individual straps consisting of carrier tape ( 15 ) and breathable mattress padding layer segments ( 2 ) are connected by the ropes are. 25. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flat breathable mattress cushion layer (S) is provided, which is a knitting ( 22 ), preferably made according to the "one right / one left" mode, and pleated by pleats. comprises, which is sewn between two highly elastic and air-permeable sheets ( 24 ), the rhythm of the pleating ( 23 ) speaks to the rhythm of the underlying mattress core segmentation ( 1 ), and wherein the pleating ( 23 ) creates a de facto three-layered or multi-layered structure Knitting mechanism ( 22 ) is made. 26. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flat, breathable mattress cushion layer (S) is provided from a highly elastic, but not pleated, knitting ( 22 ) made, for example, according to the "one right / one left" mode, which is preferably sewn between two highly elastic and air-permeable sheets ( 24 ), preferably the direction of maximum ela sticity of the knitting ( 22 ) and the sheets ( 24 ) when loading an overall mattress parallel to its transverse direction and when covering a small partial mattress parallel to whose longitudinal direction runs. 27. Mattress according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flat breathable mattress cushion layer (S) is provided which consists of a tube of a thick thread and preferably according to the mode "one right / one left" GE knitting ( 22 ), for example made of wool or cotton, in which the segmented mattress core can be inserted.