DE3875038T2 - Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung eines mitteldistillat-katalysators. - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung eines mitteldistillat-katalysators.Info
- Publication number
- DE3875038T2 DE3875038T2 DE8888902704T DE3875038T DE3875038T2 DE 3875038 T2 DE3875038 T2 DE 3875038T2 DE 8888902704 T DE8888902704 T DE 8888902704T DE 3875038 T DE3875038 T DE 3875038T DE 3875038 T2 DE3875038 T2 DE 3875038T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- clay
- catalyst
- expanded
- rare earth
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 platinum metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical group [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000273 nontronite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000276 sauconite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 74
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 38
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 33
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 24
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium nitrate Inorganic materials [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018590 Ni(NO3)2-6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018516 Al—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910004664 Cerium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021555 Chromium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Natural products CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002249 LaCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NNCOOIBIVIODKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hypochlorous acid Chemical compound [Al].ClO NNCOOIBIVIODKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005906 dihydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002603 lanthanum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl alcohol Natural products CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYHFIVBSNOWOCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenic acid Chemical class O[Se](O)(=O)=O QYHFIVBSNOWOCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconyl chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)=O IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
- C10G47/16—Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/049—Pillared clays
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/021,972 US4952544A (en) | 1987-03-05 | 1987-03-05 | Stable intercalated clays and preparation method |
| US07/154,834 US4995964A (en) | 1987-03-05 | 1988-02-26 | Midbarrel hydrocracking process employing rare earth pillared clays |
| PCT/US1988/000566 WO1988006614A1 (en) | 1987-03-05 | 1988-03-04 | A new and improved midbarrel catalyst |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3875038D1 DE3875038D1 (de) | 1992-11-05 |
| DE3875038T2 true DE3875038T2 (de) | 1993-04-22 |
Family
ID=26695321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8888902704T Expired - Fee Related DE3875038T2 (de) | 1987-03-05 | 1988-03-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung eines mitteldistillat-katalysators. |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4995964A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0305475B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH02504286A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE81147T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU603881B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR8805853A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3875038T2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1988006614A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5116792A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1992-05-26 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst for use in selectively making middle distillates |
| US4990476A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1991-02-05 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst for use in selectively making middle distillates |
| US5288396A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1994-02-22 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrocracking process using a catalyst selective for making middle distillates |
| EP0508005A1 (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1992-10-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of hydrocarbon fractions by hydrocracking |
| US4952544A (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1990-08-28 | Uop | Stable intercalated clays and preparation method |
| US5023221A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-06-11 | Union Oil Company Of California | Middle distillate hydrocracking catalyst and process |
| US5076907A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-12-31 | Union Oil Company Of California | Middle distillate hydrocracking process |
| US5374349A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1994-12-20 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrocracking process employing catalyst containing zeolite beta and a pillared clay |
| US5744113A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1998-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process and catalyst for decomposing oxides of nitrogen |
| US5551975A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1996-09-03 | J. M. Huber Corporation | Structured pigment compositions, methods for preparation and use |
| IT1270606B (it) * | 1994-07-13 | 1997-05-07 | Enichem Augusta Ind | Composizione catalitica per la preparazione di composti alchilaromatici a catena lunga |
| CA2204270A1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-04 | Robert J. Wittenbrink | Pillared clay catalysts for hydroconversion |
| US6083473A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2000-07-04 | Instituto Mexicano Del Petroleo | Selective oxidation catalyst, preparation and use thereof |
| FR2791970B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-12 | 2002-02-01 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Phyllosilicate 2:1 dioctaedrique ponte a grande distance reticulaire de type montmorillonite, catalyseur et procede de conversion |
| US6521559B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2003-02-18 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Superior pillared clay catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides for power plant emission control |
| US6399535B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2002-06-04 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Coordination catalyst systems employing agglomerated metal oxide/clay support-activator and method of their preparation |
| US6559090B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2003-05-06 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Metallocene and constrained geometry catalyst systems employing agglomerated metal oxide/clay support-activator and method of their preparation |
| JP5258077B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-01 | 2013-08-07 | ダブリュー・アール・グレイス・アンド・カンパニー−コネチカット | オレフィン重合用の活性を持った三配座不均一担持触媒 |
| US6303531B1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-10-16 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Hydrothermally stable high pore volume aluminum oxide/swellable clay composites and methods of their preparation and use |
| US6403526B1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2002-06-11 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Alumina trihydrate derived high pore volume, high surface area aluminum oxide composites and methods of their preparation and use |
| US6451200B1 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2002-09-17 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Hydrothermally stable high pore volume aluminum oxide/swellable clay composites and methods of their preparation and use |
| US6734131B2 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2004-05-11 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Heterogeneous chromium catalysts and processes of polymerization of olefins using same |
| ATE337343T1 (de) | 2001-04-30 | 2006-09-15 | Grace W R & Co | Geträgerte dualübergangsmetallkatalysatorsysteme |
| US6943224B2 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2005-09-13 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Process for preparing supported transition metal catalyst systems and catalyst systems prepared thereby |
| KR100540049B1 (ko) | 2001-04-30 | 2006-01-20 | 더블유.알. 그레이스 앤드 캄파니-콘. | 지지된 전이 금속 중합 촉매의 제조 방법 및 이 방법으로형성된 조성물 |
| WO2002102859A2 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2002-12-27 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Coordination catalyst systems employing chromium support-agglomerate and method of their preparation |
| WO2014122620A1 (en) | 2013-02-09 | 2014-08-14 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Hydroprocessing catalyst composition and process thereof |
| CA2985611C (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2021-06-01 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Process to produce modified clay, supported metallocene polymerization catalyst, catalyst produced and use thereof |
| US10940460B2 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2021-03-09 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Process to produce modified clay, modified clay produced and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (40)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB130055A (en) * | 1918-01-08 | 1919-07-31 | Blackburn Aeroplane & Motor Co | Improvements in or relating to the Construction of the Tail Planes of Aircraft. |
| US2835598A (en) * | 1954-12-30 | 1958-05-20 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Separation by crystallization |
| US3535230A (en) * | 1968-11-15 | 1970-10-20 | Chevron Res | Hydrocracking catalyst comprising a layered clay type crystalline aluminosilicate component,a group viii component and rhenium and process using said catalyst |
| US3842121A (en) * | 1970-10-02 | 1974-10-15 | Sagami Chem Res | Catalyst for reduction of carbon monoxide |
| US3844975A (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1974-10-29 | Union Carbide Corp | Thermally aged hydride based polymerization catalyst |
| US3847963A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1974-11-12 | Ventron Corp | Methanation processes |
| US3962135A (en) * | 1973-12-26 | 1976-06-08 | Filtrol Corporation | Shaped catalyst support |
| US4176090A (en) * | 1975-11-18 | 1979-11-27 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Pillared interlayered clay materials useful as catalysts and sorbents |
| IL50548A (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1979-10-31 | Yissum Res Dev Co | Process for preparation of molecular sieves |
| US4238364A (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1980-12-09 | University Of Utah | Class of cracking catalysts acidic forms of cross-linked smectities |
| US4271043A (en) * | 1979-09-04 | 1981-06-02 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Pillared interlayered clay products |
| US4248739A (en) * | 1979-09-04 | 1981-02-03 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Stabilized pillared interlayered clays |
| US4325847A (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1982-04-20 | Filtrol Corporation | Use of additional alumina for extra zeolite stability in FCC catalyst |
| US4324695A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-04-13 | National Distillers & Chemical Corp. | Catalyst compositions of transition metal carbonyl complexes intercalcated with lamellar materials |
| US4367163A (en) * | 1981-04-15 | 1983-01-04 | Research Corporation | Silica-clay complexes |
| NZ201556A (en) * | 1981-08-21 | 1985-07-31 | British Petroleum Co Plc | A method for promoting and/or extending the life of cation exchangeable layered clay catalysts in proton-catalysed reactions |
| FR2512043A1 (fr) * | 1981-08-27 | 1983-03-04 | Jacobs Pierre | Procede de preparation d'argiles pontees, argiles preparees par ce procede et applications desdites argiles |
| JPS5855332A (ja) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-01 | Kunimine Kogyo Kk | 熱的に安定な大表面積構造を有する粘土誘導体 |
| US4542250A (en) * | 1982-01-09 | 1985-09-17 | The British Petroleum Company, P.L.C. | Use of stabilized pillared interlayered clays as catalyst in alkylation reactions |
| NL8201289A (nl) * | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-17 | Shell Int Research | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van een katalytisch actief vernet metaalsilicaat. |
| US4452910A (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1984-06-05 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Chromium expanded smectite clay |
| ATE27827T1 (de) * | 1983-05-02 | 1987-07-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Katalysator und verfahren zur hydrocrackung. |
| US4452911A (en) * | 1983-08-10 | 1984-06-05 | Hri, Inc. | Frangible catalyst pretreatment method for use in hydrocarbon hydrodemetallization process |
| US4515901A (en) * | 1983-11-17 | 1985-05-07 | Texaco Inc. | Method of preparing pillared, interlayered clay catalyst using soluble carbohydrates |
| FR2555467B1 (fr) * | 1983-11-30 | 1986-05-02 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Catalyseur a base de mineral argileux calcine, sa preparation et procede de methanisation l'utilisant |
| US4510257A (en) * | 1983-12-08 | 1985-04-09 | Shell Oil Company | Silica-clay complexes |
| GB8333614D0 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1984-01-25 | British Petroleum Co | Pillared layered clays |
| FR2563445B1 (fr) * | 1984-04-26 | 1986-08-14 | Pro Catalyse Ste Fse Prod Cata | Nouveau catalyseur d'hydrocraquage destine a la production de distillats moyens |
| US4579832A (en) * | 1984-10-10 | 1986-04-01 | University Of Utah | Class of hydroprocessing catalysts and preparation methods |
| US4637992A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1987-01-20 | Shell Oil Company | Intercalated clay compositions |
| US4818739A (en) * | 1984-12-18 | 1989-04-04 | Uop | Hydrocracking catalysts and processes employing non-zeolitic molecular sieves |
| US4859648A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1989-08-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Layered metal chalcogenides containing interspathic polymeric chalcogenides |
| US4757040A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-07-12 | Research Institute Of Petroleum Processing Sinopec | Class of pillared interlayered clay molecular sieve products with regularly interstratified mineral structure |
| US4637991A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-01-20 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Pillared interlayered clays |
| US4666877A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-05-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Multimetallic pillared interlayered clay products and processes of making them |
| FR2589143B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-28 | 1990-06-01 | Elf France | Argiles pontees a stabilite thermique amelioree, procede pour leur preparation et leur utilisation comme catalyseurs |
| US4640764A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-02-03 | Shell Oil Company | Selective tricyclic hydrogenation and cracking process and catalyst suitable for such hydroconversion |
| US4761391A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-08-02 | Union Oil Company Of California | Delaminated clays and their use in hydrocarbon conversion processes |
| US4775461A (en) * | 1987-01-29 | 1988-10-04 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Cracking process employing catalysts comprising pillared clays |
| US4952544A (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1990-08-28 | Uop | Stable intercalated clays and preparation method |
-
1988
- 1988-02-26 US US07/154,834 patent/US4995964A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-04 JP JP63502521A patent/JPH02504286A/ja active Granted
- 1988-03-04 AT AT88902704T patent/ATE81147T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-04 AU AU14298/88A patent/AU603881B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-03-04 DE DE8888902704T patent/DE3875038T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-04 WO PCT/US1988/000566 patent/WO1988006614A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-03-04 EP EP88902704A patent/EP0305475B1/en not_active Expired
- 1988-03-04 BR BR888805853A patent/BR8805853A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1429888A (en) | 1988-09-26 |
| ATE81147T1 (de) | 1992-10-15 |
| BR8805853A (pt) | 1989-10-17 |
| EP0305475B1 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
| JPH02504286A (ja) | 1990-12-06 |
| EP0305475A1 (en) | 1989-03-08 |
| AU603881B2 (en) | 1990-11-29 |
| WO1988006614A1 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
| DE3875038D1 (de) | 1992-11-05 |
| JPH0567676B2 (enExample) | 1993-09-27 |
| US4995964A (en) | 1991-02-26 |
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