DE3736714A1 - Durchflussgeraet mit heizvorrichtung - Google Patents

Durchflussgeraet mit heizvorrichtung

Info

Publication number
DE3736714A1
DE3736714A1 DE19873736714 DE3736714A DE3736714A1 DE 3736714 A1 DE3736714 A1 DE 3736714A1 DE 19873736714 DE19873736714 DE 19873736714 DE 3736714 A DE3736714 A DE 3736714A DE 3736714 A1 DE3736714 A1 DE 3736714A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
temperature
chamber
liquid
control
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19873736714
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David Robert Shouldice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terumo BCT Inc
Original Assignee
Cobe Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cobe Laboratories Inc filed Critical Cobe Laboratories Inc
Publication of DE3736714A1 publication Critical patent/DE3736714A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/166—Heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/166—Heating
    • A61M1/1662—Heating with heat exchange between fresh and used dialysate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/166—Heating
    • A61M1/1664—Heating with temperature control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1668—Details of containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0005—Degasification of liquids with one or more auxiliary substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0063—Regulation, control including valves and floats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0073—Degasification of liquids by a method not covered by groups B01D19/0005 - B01D19/0042
    • B01D19/0084—Degasification of liquids by a method not covered by groups B01D19/0005 - B01D19/0042 using an electric current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/246—Water level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1906—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
    • G05D23/1913—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device delivering a series of pulses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
DE19873736714 1986-10-30 1987-10-29 Durchflussgeraet mit heizvorrichtung Ceased DE3736714A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/925,886 US4769151A (en) 1986-10-30 1986-10-30 Heater control for liquid flowing through a chamber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3736714A1 true DE3736714A1 (de) 1988-05-11

Family

ID=25452391

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19873736714 Ceased DE3736714A1 (de) 1986-10-30 1987-10-29 Durchflussgeraet mit heizvorrichtung
DE3744840A Expired - Fee Related DE3744840C2 (enExample) 1986-10-30 1987-10-29

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE3744840A Expired - Fee Related DE3744840C2 (enExample) 1986-10-30 1987-10-29

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4769151A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS63178307A (enExample)
CA (1) CA1275678C (enExample)
DE (2) DE3736714A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2605895B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB2196757B (enExample)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4230208A1 (de) * 1991-09-09 1993-03-11 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum steuern der auslauftemperatur und vorrichtung zum steuern der auslauftemperatur
DE19814695A1 (de) * 1998-04-01 1999-10-14 Fresenius Medical Care De Gmbh Kassette zur Förderung von Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere Dialyseflüssigkeiten
EP3407931B1 (de) 2016-01-29 2021-09-08 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH Verfahren zum regeln einer heizvorrichtung zum erwärmen eines fluids für einen dialysierflüssigkeitskreislauf, steuervorrichtung sowie blutbehandlungsvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4880535A (en) * 1989-02-21 1989-11-14 Burrows Bruce D Water supply station with multiple water storage reservoirs
EP1188466A3 (de) * 2000-09-15 2003-10-08 Singulus Technologies AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Gasblasen beim Transport einer Flüssigkeit durch Pumpen
US7241272B2 (en) 2001-11-13 2007-07-10 Baxter International Inc. Method and composition for removing uremic toxins in dialysis processes
US7153285B2 (en) * 2002-01-17 2006-12-26 Baxter International Inc. Medical fluid heater using radiant energy
US7175606B2 (en) * 2002-05-24 2007-02-13 Baxter International Inc. Disposable medical fluid unit having rigid frame
US6869538B2 (en) * 2002-05-24 2005-03-22 Baxter International, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a medical fluid heater
US7153286B2 (en) 2002-05-24 2006-12-26 Baxter International Inc. Automated dialysis system
US6764761B2 (en) 2002-05-24 2004-07-20 Baxter International Inc. Membrane material for automated dialysis system
US20030217957A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-27 Bowman Joseph H. Heat seal interface for a disposable medical fluid unit
DK1523351T3 (da) 2002-07-19 2010-04-26 Baxter Int System til peritonealdialyse
US7238164B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2007-07-03 Baxter International Inc. Systems, methods and apparatuses for pumping cassette-based therapies
AU2003249296A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2004-02-09 Baxter Healthcare S.A. Systems and methods for performing peritoneal dialysis
JP2005533560A (ja) 2002-07-19 2005-11-10 バクスター インターナショナル インコーポレイテッド 腹膜透析を実施するためのシステムおよび方法
US8029454B2 (en) 2003-11-05 2011-10-04 Baxter International Inc. High convection home hemodialysis/hemofiltration and sorbent system
US8803044B2 (en) * 2003-11-05 2014-08-12 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis fluid heating systems
CA2559306A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2005-09-22 Zip Industries (Aust) Pty Ltd A water heater and a method of operating same
US7731689B2 (en) 2007-02-15 2010-06-08 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system having inductive heating
US8078333B2 (en) 2007-07-05 2011-12-13 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis fluid heating algorithms
US7809254B2 (en) * 2007-07-05 2010-10-05 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis fluid heating using pressure and vacuum
US8062513B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2011-11-22 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system and machine having therapy prescription recall
US9514283B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2016-12-06 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system having inventory management including online dextrose mixing
US8057679B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2011-11-15 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system having trending and alert generation
US20100051552A1 (en) 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Baxter International Inc. In-line sensors for dialysis applications
US9289002B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2016-03-22 National Pasteurized Eggs, Inc. Shell egg pasteurization method
BR112014006079A2 (pt) * 2011-09-16 2017-04-04 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance método e sistema para desaerar um líquido
NL2011333C2 (nl) * 2013-08-23 2015-02-24 Flamco Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor ontgassing.
CA2985719C (en) 2015-06-25 2024-03-26 Gambro Lundia Ab Medical device system and method having a distributed database
CN104976781B (zh) * 2015-07-21 2018-03-09 华帝股份有限公司 一种热水器控制系统及其控制方法
CN110100283B (zh) 2016-12-21 2023-07-04 甘布罗伦迪亚股份公司 包括具有支持外域的安全集群域的信息技术基础架构的医疗设备系统
CN113867440A (zh) * 2021-10-09 2021-12-31 四川爱创科技有限公司 基于pid算法的加热温度控制方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4060485A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-11-29 I T L Technology, Inc. Dialysis apparatus
US4137168A (en) * 1976-10-02 1979-01-30 Klauschenz & Perrot Kg Device for dialysation of blood
DE2853077A1 (de) * 1978-01-20 1979-07-26 Bellco Spa Tragbares regenerationsdialysegeraet
GB2052109A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-21 Baxter Travenol Lab Fluid warming apparatus with digital display and monitoring circuit
EP0138171A2 (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-04-24 Gainsborough Electrical Limited Water heaters

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US3508656A (en) * 1968-04-10 1970-04-28 Milton Roy Co Portable dialysate supply system
US3878095A (en) * 1974-05-02 1975-04-15 Advanced Medical Sciences Inc Dialysis apparatus
US4093847A (en) * 1974-09-10 1978-06-06 Datametrics Corporation Temperature control system for electric fluid heater
GB1512265A (en) * 1976-09-22 1978-05-24 Thorn Domestic Appliances Ltd Drier
NL7809853A (nl) * 1977-10-12 1979-04-18 Baxter Travenol Lab Dialyse-inrichting.
JPS5663621A (en) * 1979-10-29 1981-05-30 Ishizuka Denshi Kk Electric power control device
DE3030716C2 (de) * 1980-08-14 1984-05-30 Friedrich Grohe Armaturenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 5870 Hemer Ventileinrichtung
US4371385A (en) * 1981-04-28 1983-02-01 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Deaerating liquid
JPS58129511A (ja) * 1982-01-27 1983-08-02 Hitachi Ltd 温度制御装置
JPS60161704A (ja) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-23 Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp 透析液供給装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4060485A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-11-29 I T L Technology, Inc. Dialysis apparatus
US4137168A (en) * 1976-10-02 1979-01-30 Klauschenz & Perrot Kg Device for dialysation of blood
DE2853077A1 (de) * 1978-01-20 1979-07-26 Bellco Spa Tragbares regenerationsdialysegeraet
GB2052109A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-21 Baxter Travenol Lab Fluid warming apparatus with digital display and monitoring circuit
EP0138171A2 (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-04-24 Gainsborough Electrical Limited Water heaters

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-B.: W. Oppelt, "Kleines Handbuch technischer Regelvorgänge", 5. Aufl. (1972), Verlag Chemie, Kapitel 43, S. 525-530 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4230208A1 (de) * 1991-09-09 1993-03-11 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum steuern der auslauftemperatur und vorrichtung zum steuern der auslauftemperatur
DE4230208C2 (de) * 1991-09-09 2000-10-05 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum Steuern der Auslauftemperatur eines Durchlauferhitzers und Einrichtung zum Steuern dieser Auslauftemperatur
DE19814695A1 (de) * 1998-04-01 1999-10-14 Fresenius Medical Care De Gmbh Kassette zur Förderung von Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere Dialyseflüssigkeiten
DE19814695C2 (de) * 1998-04-01 2001-09-13 Fresenius Medical Care De Gmbh Kassette zur Förderung von Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere Dialyseflüssigkeiten, Dialysegerät und Verfahren zum Fördern, Bilanzieren, Dosieren und Beheizen eines medizinischen Fluids
EP3407931B1 (de) 2016-01-29 2021-09-08 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH Verfahren zum regeln einer heizvorrichtung zum erwärmen eines fluids für einen dialysierflüssigkeitskreislauf, steuervorrichtung sowie blutbehandlungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63178307A (ja) 1988-07-22
GB8725436D0 (en) 1987-12-02
FR2605895A1 (fr) 1988-05-06
GB2196757B (en) 1991-05-29
US4769151A (en) 1988-09-06
DE3744840C2 (enExample) 1993-08-05
CA1275678C (en) 1990-10-30
FR2605895B1 (fr) 1993-12-10
GB2196757A (en) 1988-05-05

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