DE3524115A1 - Lightweight building material from mineral building materials - Google Patents

Lightweight building material from mineral building materials

Info

Publication number
DE3524115A1
DE3524115A1 DE19853524115 DE3524115A DE3524115A1 DE 3524115 A1 DE3524115 A1 DE 3524115A1 DE 19853524115 DE19853524115 DE 19853524115 DE 3524115 A DE3524115 A DE 3524115A DE 3524115 A1 DE3524115 A1 DE 3524115A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lightweight
building material
building materials
material according
lightweight building
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19853524115
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ruediger Dipl Ing Scheunemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19853524115 priority Critical patent/DE3524115A1/en
Publication of DE3524115A1 publication Critical patent/DE3524115A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D195/00—Coating compositions based on bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C08K7/28—Glass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Lightweight building material from mineral building materials, consisting of conventional building materials, for example plastic, mortar etc., and hollow microglass beads for reducing the density with a simultaneous improvement in strength, heat insulation, fire protection and sound insulation. Additional organic binders between the conventional building materials and the hollow microglass beads are not necessary because of the physical adhesion. The novel lightweight building material can be used in particular for house construction, for example as insulating plaster, in plasterboard panels or as facing elements. In the medical application as plaster dressings, a reduction density arises from the incorporation of hollow microglass beads and fabric.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Leichtbaustoff, be­ stehend aus herkömmlichen Baustoffen, zum Beispiel Gips, Mörtel usw., und Mikrohohlglaskugeln sowie mineralischen Fasern.The invention relates to a lightweight material, be standing from conventional building materials, for example Gypsum, mortar, etc., and hollow glass spheres as well mineral fibers.

Zusätzlich kann dieser Verbundwerkstoff durch Deck­ platten, vorzugsweise aus Papier oder Karton, einge­ schlossen werden.In addition, this composite can be built through deck plates, preferably made of paper or cardboard be closed.

Es sind Leichtbaustoffe bekannt, zum Beispiel Gas­ betonsteine oder Gipskartonplatten, bei denen die Reduzierung der Dichte durch Lufteinschluß ohne Zwischenschicht zum Baustoff erreicht wird. Solche Baustoffe werden heute in großen Mengen produziert. Die Vorteile dieser Stoffe liegen insbesondere in der Wärmeisolation. Der wesentliche Nachteil der be­ kannten Leichtbaustoffe ist allerdings ihre geringe Festigkeit, insbesondere die geringe Druckfestigkeit. Gleiches gilt beim direkten Eintrag von Wärmedämm­ stoffen in das Baumaterial, zum Beispiel beim Iso­ lierputz die zusätzliche Verwendung von geschäumtem Kunststoff. Ein weiterer Nachteil der Verwendung von Kunststoffen als Wärme- und Schallisoliermittel ist die Entflammbarkeit des Kunststoffes, der in der Regel weder feuersicher noch feuerhemmend ist. Des weiteren weisen die bekannten Leichtbaustoffe eine mehr oder minder große Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit auf, die insbe­ sondere in Feuchträumen zu Problemen führt.Light building materials are known, for example gas concrete blocks or plasterboard, where the Reduction of the density by the inclusion of air without Intermediate layer to the building material is reached. Such Building materials are produced in large quantities today. The advantages of these substances are in particular thermal insulation. The main disadvantage of be known lightweight materials is their low Strength, especially the low compressive strength. The same applies to the direct entry of thermal insulation substances in the building material, for example with the Iso lierputz the additional use of foamed Plastic. Another disadvantage of using Plastics as heat and sound insulation the flammability of the plastic, as a rule is neither fire safe nor fire retardant. Furthermore the known lightweight materials have a more or less large water absorption capacity, especially leads to problems especially in damp rooms.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genannten Nachteile bei Leichtbaustoffen auszuräumen und die be­ kannten Vorteile weiter zu verbessern, das heißt, die Festigkeit und Wärmedämmung der Baustoffe zu erhöhen, bei gleichzeitiger Verminderung der Schall-Leitfähigkeit. Darüberhinaus wird eine Brandgefahr ausgeschlossen. The invention is based on the object Eliminate disadvantages of lightweight materials and the be Known advantages to further improve, that is, the Increase the strength and thermal insulation of the building materials, while reducing the sound conductivity. In addition, a fire risk is excluded.  

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorzugsweise da­ durch gelöst, daß der Leichtbaustoff vor der Verar­ beitung und dem Abbinden mit Wasser durch Mischen her­ kömmlicher Baustoffe, vorzugsweise Gips, mit Mikrohohl­ glaskugeln und mineralischen Fasern hergestellt wird. Ein zusätzliches Bindemittel zwischen den Baustoffen und den Mikrohohlglaskugeln sowie organischen Fasern ist aufgrund der pnysikalischen Haftung zwischen den einzelnen Komponenten nicht erforderlich.This task is preferably there according to the invention solved by that the lightweight material before the Verar processing and setting with water by mixing conventional building materials, preferably plaster, with micro hollow glass balls and mineral fibers. An additional binder between the building materials and the micro hollow glass spheres and organic fibers is due to the physical liability between the individual components not required.

Insbesondere wird diese Erfindung zukünftig helfen, die anfallenden Mengen von Gips aus der Entschwefelung von Kraftwerken höherwertig zu entsorgen. Der besondere Vorteil bei der technischen Herstellung dieses Leicht­ baustoffes liegt darin, daß sowohl Gips als auch Mikro­ hohlglaskugeln Rückstände aus der Abluftreinigung von Kohlekraftwerken sind. Die Entsorgung durch einfache und kostenverursachende Deponien wird hierdurch vermieden.In particular, this invention will help in the future amounts of gypsum from the desulfurization to dispose of power plants of higher quality. The special one Advantage in the technical manufacture of this light building material is that both plaster and micro Hollow glass balls residues from the exhaust air purification of Coal-fired power plants are. Disposal through simple and This will avoid landfills causing costs.

Der neuartige Leichtbaustoff weist gegenüber den her­ kömmlichen Baustoffen folgende Vorteile auf:The new lightweight construction material shows that conventional building materials the following advantages:

  • - Verbesserung der Wärmedämmung, zum Beispiel beim Putz oder bei Gipskartonplatten- Improvement of thermal insulation, for example with plaster or with plasterboard
  • - Reduzierung der Dichte und damit leichtere Verarbeitungs­ möglichkeiten- Reduction of density and thus easier processing opportunities
  • - Erhöhung der Druckfestigkeit der Baustoffe, da die Festigkeit des gesamten Bauteils nicht durch den direkten Lufteinschluß herabgesetzt wird, da die Mikrohohlglaskugeln einen physikalischen Verbund mit den Baustoffen eingehen und eine eigene Festigkeit auf­ weisen- Increasing the compressive strength of the building materials, since the Strength of the entire component is not due to the direct air entrapment is reduced because the Micro hollow glass spheres with a physical bond the building materials and their own strength point
  • - Erhöhung der Biege- und Zugfestigkeit durch die Ver­ wendung der Mikrohohlglaskugeln und gegebenenfalls zusätzlichem Einsatz von mineralischen Fasern- Increasing the bending and tensile strength by ver use of the hollow micro glass balls and if necessary additional use of mineral fibers
  • - Weitere Verbesserung der Festigkeitseigenschaften durch zusätzliche Einarbeitung von Kunststoffen - Further improvement in strength properties through additional incorporation of plastics  
  • - Reduzierung der Dichte durch die Verwendung von Mikrohohlglaskugeln und Gewebe. Das ist insbesondere für medizinische Gipsverbände von Vorteil- Reduction of density by using Micro hollow glass balls and tissue. That is special beneficial for medical plaster casts

Weiter ist es erfindungsgemäß vorteilhaft, wenn der Leichtbaustoff von Deckplatten, zum Beispiel vorzugs­ weise aus Papier oder Karton, eingeschlossen wird. Zur Feuchtigkeitsabwehr kann als Wasser- und Dampfsperre eine Kunststoff- beziehungsweise Metallfolie aufgebracht werden.It is also advantageous according to the invention if the Lightweight building material for cover plates, for example preferred wise from paper or cardboard. To prevent moisture, it can act as a water and vapor barrier a plastic or metal foil applied will.

Der neuartige Leichtbaustoff kann insbesondere für den Hausbau verwendet werden, zum Beispiel als Isolierputz, bei Leicht-Gipskartonplatten und -wänden oder als Ver­ kleidungselemente.The new lightweight construction material can be used especially for the House construction, for example as insulating plaster, for lightweight plasterboard and walls or as ver clothing items.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher be­ schrieben:An embodiment of the invention is in the Drawing is shown and will be closer in the following wrote:

Es zeigt Fig. 1 einen Ouerschnitt durch den Verbundwerk­ stoff, der aus zwei Deckplatten 1 und 5 aus Karton, dem mineralischen Baustoff 2, den Mikrohohlglaskugeln 3 und den mineralischen Fasern 4 besteht.It shows Fig. 1 is a Ouerschnitt material through the composite, consisting of two cover plates 1 and 5 made of cardboard, the mineral building material 2, the hollow glass microbeads 3 and the mineral fibers 4.

Es zeigt Fig. 2 einen Mehrschichtenaufbau aus einem Gewebe 6, dem mineralischen Werkstoff 2 (vorzugsweise Gips) und den Mikrohohlglaskugeln 3.It shows Fig. 2 is a multi-layer structure of a woven fabric 6, the mineral material 2 (preferably gypsum) and the hollow glass balls 3.

Claims (8)

1. Leichtbaustoffe, bestehend aus mineralischen Stoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gemenge aus herkömmlichen Baustoffen, vorzugs­ weise Gips, und Mikrohohlglaskugeln besteht, die nahezu homogen im Gemenge verteilt sind.1. Lightweight building materials consisting of mineral substances, characterized in that the mixture of conventional building materials, preferably gypsum, and micro hollow glass balls, which are distributed almost homogeneously in the mixture. 2. Leichtbaustoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich minera­ lische Fasern, zum Beispiel Glasfasern, in das Gemenge eingelagert werden.2. Lightweight building material according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition minera optical fibers, for example glass fibers, in the Batch to be stored. 3. Leichtbausstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zusätzliche Ver­ gütung der Baustoffe durch Kunststoffe erzielt wird.3. Lightweight construction material according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional ver quality of building materials achieved through plastics becomes. 4. Leichtbaustoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Baustoffe zu­ sätzlich geschäumt werden.4. lightweight building material according to claim 1, characterized in that the building materials too can also be foamed. 5. Leichtbaustoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Leichtbaustoff von zwei parallel verlaufenden Deckplatten, vor­ zugsweise aus Papier oder Karton, eingeschlossen wird.5. lightweight building material according to claim 1, characterized in that the lightweight material of two parallel cover plates preferably made of paper or cardboard, included becomes. 6. Leichtbaustoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kunststoff- oder Metallfolie an der Außenseite, mit oder ohne zu­ sätzlichen Kleber angebracht wird.6. lightweight building material according to claim 1, characterized in that a plastic or Metal foil on the outside, with or without additional glue is attached. 7. Leichtbaustoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Leichtbaustoff mehrlagige Gewebe, vorzugsweise aus Mull, einge­ lagert sind. 7. Light building material according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lightweight building material multilayer fabrics, preferably made of gauze are stored.   8. Leichtbaustoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Leichtbaustoff zusätzlich mit Gas geschäumt wird.8. lightweight building material according to claim 1, characterized in that the lightweight material is also foamed with gas.
DE19853524115 1985-07-05 1985-07-05 Lightweight building material from mineral building materials Withdrawn DE3524115A1 (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0451503A2 (en) * 1990-04-12 1991-10-16 Redco N.V. Glass fibre-reinforced gypsum panels and process for their manufacture
FR2682413A1 (en) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-16 Biallais Carrieres Lightweight concrete block containing cellular glass granulates and fly ash
DE4337777A1 (en) * 1993-11-05 1995-05-11 Dennert Poraver Gmbh Plastering mortar with high thermal insulation capacity
DE4340339A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-01 Holland Pankert Monique Thick coating compsn. based on bitumen
DE4446011A1 (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 Alfred Koenigsbuescher Hardenable inorganic moulding material
DE4400002A1 (en) * 1994-01-02 1995-07-20 Augst Alexandra Mfg. light concrete profiles for facades and inner regions
EP0665195A1 (en) * 1994-01-29 1995-08-02 Gebr. Knauf Westdeutsche Gipswerke KG Lightweight mortar and use thereof
WO1995026323A1 (en) * 1994-03-29 1995-10-05 Thierry Lefebvre Hydraulic mineral matrix sound absorbing light-weight composite material, and method for producing same
DE10148578A1 (en) * 2001-10-01 2003-06-12 Begemann Gmbh E Foam filler for door and window frames, contains cement, siliceous materials and metal foaming agent reacting with alkaline water
EP1489056A2 (en) 2003-06-16 2004-12-22 Lothar Dipl.-Ing. Schuster Final coating for a heat-storing wall
FR2882759A1 (en) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-08 Axter Sa Bitumen binder for sealing membrane comprises bitumen, polymers and mineral fillers, which are glass derivatives in form of puffed or expanded glass balls
WO2011101605A1 (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 Lafarge Gypsum International Plasterboard comprising thread-type elements
CN108867906A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-11-23 苏州明雅新建材有限公司 A kind of protective device of mineral wool sound absorption board

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0451503A2 (en) * 1990-04-12 1991-10-16 Redco N.V. Glass fibre-reinforced gypsum panels and process for their manufacture
EP0451503A3 (en) * 1990-04-12 1992-11-19 Redco N.V. Glass fibre-reinforced gypsum panels and process for their manufacture
FR2682413A1 (en) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-16 Biallais Carrieres Lightweight concrete block containing cellular glass granulates and fly ash
DE4337777A1 (en) * 1993-11-05 1995-05-11 Dennert Poraver Gmbh Plastering mortar with high thermal insulation capacity
DE4340339A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-01 Holland Pankert Monique Thick coating compsn. based on bitumen
DE4446011A1 (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 Alfred Koenigsbuescher Hardenable inorganic moulding material
DE4400002A1 (en) * 1994-01-02 1995-07-20 Augst Alexandra Mfg. light concrete profiles for facades and inner regions
EP0665195A1 (en) * 1994-01-29 1995-08-02 Gebr. Knauf Westdeutsche Gipswerke KG Lightweight mortar and use thereof
WO1995026323A1 (en) * 1994-03-29 1995-10-05 Thierry Lefebvre Hydraulic mineral matrix sound absorbing light-weight composite material, and method for producing same
FR2718127A1 (en) * 1994-03-29 1995-10-06 Lefebvre Thierry Lightweight and sound-absorbing composite material with a hydraulic mineral matrix and process for producing such a material.
DE10148578A1 (en) * 2001-10-01 2003-06-12 Begemann Gmbh E Foam filler for door and window frames, contains cement, siliceous materials and metal foaming agent reacting with alkaline water
EP1489056A2 (en) 2003-06-16 2004-12-22 Lothar Dipl.-Ing. Schuster Final coating for a heat-storing wall
DE10327347A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2005-01-05 Schuster, Lothar, Dipl.-Ing. Surface plaster for a heat storable wall
EP1489056A3 (en) * 2003-06-16 2007-07-04 Lothar Dipl.-Ing. Schuster Final coating for a heat-storing wall
FR2882759A1 (en) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-08 Axter Sa Bitumen binder for sealing membrane comprises bitumen, polymers and mineral fillers, which are glass derivatives in form of puffed or expanded glass balls
WO2011101605A1 (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 Lafarge Gypsum International Plasterboard comprising thread-type elements
FR2956677A1 (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-26 Lafarge Gypsum Int PLASTER PLATE WITH WIRED ELEMENTS
CN108867906A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-11-23 苏州明雅新建材有限公司 A kind of protective device of mineral wool sound absorption board

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