DE3122839A1 - Flutungsverfahren mit hilfe einer gegen die einwirkung von scherkraeften stabilisierten emulsion - Google Patents
Flutungsverfahren mit hilfe einer gegen die einwirkung von scherkraeften stabilisierten emulsionInfo
- Publication number
- DE3122839A1 DE3122839A1 DE19813122839 DE3122839A DE3122839A1 DE 3122839 A1 DE3122839 A1 DE 3122839A1 DE 19813122839 DE19813122839 DE 19813122839 DE 3122839 A DE3122839 A DE 3122839A DE 3122839 A1 DE3122839 A1 DE 3122839A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- emulsion
- microemulsion
- oil
- viscosity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 51
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 144
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000008385 outer phase Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008384 inner phase Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 82
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 44
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000037230 mobility Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 anionic sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dimethylbenzene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004907 Macro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000364021 Tulsa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfoformic acid Chemical class OC(=O)S(O)(=O)=O DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GDJZZWYLFXAGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M xylenesulfonate group Chemical group C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)S(=O)(=O)[O-] GDJZZWYLFXAGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S507/00—Earth boring, well treating, and oil field chemistry
- Y10S507/935—Enhanced oil recovery
- Y10S507/936—Flooding the formation
- Y10S507/937—Flooding the formation with emulsion
- Y10S507/938—Flooding the formation with emulsion with microemulsion
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/161,195 US4337159A (en) | 1980-06-19 | 1980-06-19 | Shear-stabilized emulsion flooding process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3122839A1 true DE3122839A1 (de) | 1982-04-22 |
Family
ID=22580242
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813122839 Withdrawn DE3122839A1 (de) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-06-09 | Flutungsverfahren mit hilfe einer gegen die einwirkung von scherkraeften stabilisierten emulsion |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4337159A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5736294A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU535864B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR8103843A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1168034A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3122839A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2485082A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB2078281B (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX161509A (enExample) |
| MY (1) | MY8500819A (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO158070C (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3218346A1 (de) * | 1982-05-14 | 1983-11-17 | Mobil Oil Ag In Deutschland, 2000 Hamburg | Verfahren zum emulsionsfluten von erdoellagerstaetten |
| US4601847A (en) * | 1983-08-22 | 1986-07-22 | Macdermid, Incorporated | Composition for use in electroplating of metals |
| US4676315A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-06-30 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method for concentrating surfactant from a brine solution |
| JP2611804B2 (ja) * | 1988-04-28 | 1997-05-21 | 財団法人 鉄道総合技術研究所 | 接着用継目板及びレール継目用接着剤とそれらを用いた現場接着継目の製造法 |
| US4921576A (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-05-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for improving sweep efficiency in CO2 oil recovery |
| GB9906149D0 (en) | 1999-03-18 | 1999-05-12 | Ciba Spec Chem Water Treat Ltd | Polymer composition |
| US6180587B1 (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-01-30 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Multiple phase compositions |
| US7770641B2 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2010-08-10 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method for enhancing oil recovery with an improved oil recovery surfactant |
| US20090194281A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-06 | Total E&P Usa, Inc. | Optimum salinity profile in surfactant/polymer flooding |
| US20090194276A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-06 | Total E&P Usa, Inc. | Determination of an actual optimum salinity and an actual optimum type of microemulsion for surfactant/polymer flooding |
| US8573299B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2013-11-05 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Non-ionic alkali polymer solutions for enhanced oil recovery in a subterranean formation |
| US10577531B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2020-03-03 | Flotek Chemistry, Llc | Polymers and emulsions for use in oil and/or gas wells |
| CN105038752B (zh) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-03-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种用于高温油藏的复合驱油剂及复合驱油体系 |
| US20170260441A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | Conocophillips Company | Preflush chemicals for scale inhibitor squeeze |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3523581A (en) * | 1968-06-21 | 1970-08-11 | Mobil Oil Corp | Oil recovery process using viscosifier and shear-thickening liquid |
| US4059154A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1977-11-22 | Texaco Inc. | Micellar dispersions with tolerance for extreme water hardness for use in petroleum recovery |
| US3885628A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1975-05-27 | Exxon Production Research Co | Recovery of oil using microemulsions |
| US3983940A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1976-10-05 | Exxon Production Research Company | Water-external microemulsion and method of recovering oil therewith |
| US3981361A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1976-09-21 | Exxon Production Research Company | Oil recovery method using microemulsions |
| US4125156A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1978-11-14 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Aqueous surfactant systems for in situ multiphase microemulsion formation |
| US4240504A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-12-23 | Exxon Production Research Company | Simultaneous microemulsion-aqueous phase flooding process |
-
1980
- 1980-06-19 US US06/161,195 patent/US4337159A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-04-10 AU AU69402/81A patent/AU535864B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-04-13 CA CA000375283A patent/CA1168034A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-01 JP JP6678881A patent/JPS5736294A/ja active Pending
- 1981-05-14 FR FR8109604A patent/FR2485082A1/fr active Granted
- 1981-05-14 NO NO811650A patent/NO158070C/no unknown
- 1981-06-09 DE DE19813122839 patent/DE3122839A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-06-17 GB GB8118663A patent/GB2078281B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-17 BR BR8103843A patent/BR8103843A/pt unknown
- 1981-06-19 MX MX187886A patent/MX161509A/es unknown
-
1985
- 1985-12-30 MY MY819/85A patent/MY8500819A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6940281A (en) | 1981-12-24 |
| GB2078281A (en) | 1982-01-06 |
| FR2485082B1 (enExample) | 1985-01-04 |
| GB2078281B (en) | 1984-05-10 |
| CA1168034A (en) | 1984-05-29 |
| NO158070B (no) | 1988-03-28 |
| FR2485082A1 (fr) | 1981-12-24 |
| US4337159A (en) | 1982-06-29 |
| MX161509A (es) | 1990-10-19 |
| AU535864B2 (en) | 1984-04-05 |
| NO158070C (no) | 1988-07-06 |
| JPS5736294A (enExample) | 1982-02-27 |
| MY8500819A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
| BR8103843A (pt) | 1982-03-09 |
| NO811650L (no) | 1981-12-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8141 | Disposal/no request for examination |