DE2844182A1 - Heat insulated wall building block - has cut=outs for insulating panel running uninterrupted parallel to wall line - Google Patents

Abstract

The system is used in dry-built walls. The block ready for installation, has bearing surfaces, in the peripheral area cut to exact block height together with preformed abutting and bearing joints. Recesses are shaped into it for insertion of heat-insulating panels. The recesses pass continuously through the whole length of the block, horizontally parallel to the line of the wall. There may be two such recesses, one running vertically upwards and the other downwards, overlapping over a considerable central area so as to interrupt horizontal temperature flow. This is easily produced and laid, to provide effective integrated heat insulation.

Description

Franz Hinse, 54 Koblenz 1

MOUNTING BLOCK WITH INTEGRATED THERMAL INSULATION

The invention relates to a mounting block according to the preamble of the claim 1.

It is known (DE-PS 1 409 139), walls in dry construction from mounting blocks to erect, which have bearing surfaces milled to the exact stone height with tongue and groove. These are shell building blocks that are storey high laid dry and then filled with concrete floor by floor. The load-bearing capacity is determined by a large concrete cross-section inside the Shell building blocks guaranteed. For additional thermal insulation in Stone is little space and, above all, there is no horizontally continuous separate one Thermal insulation possible. There are also hollow blocks with pockets known (DE-PS 1 946 869 or DE-OS 2 508 151), in the insulating plates in Form of rigid foam pieces can be used to improve thermal insulation. These hollow blocks are better in terms of thermal insulation must be mortared or grouted with mortar in the butt joints and horizontal joints will. A regular interruption of the insulating plate inserts at the construction-related ones is unfavorable for the thermal insulation Stone crossbars (in the longitudinal direction between the individual insulating panels), whereby so-called cold bridges arise. Also is the introduction of the

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molded hard foam pieces in the known mounting blocks expensive and with considerable work involved.

The invention is based on the object of a simple to manufacture and Quick and easy to lay Montaneblock with integrated thermal insulation indicate that enables better insulation than before and in particular the interruption of which by stone crosspieces is avoided.

This task is achieved by the assembly block characterized in claim 1 solved.

Further developments and refinements are characterized in the subclaims.

The main advantage of the mounting block described here is that the Insulation panels in all areas of the wall (both in the stone material itself as well as in the vertical and horizontal mortar joints) uniformly high thermal insulation can be achieved and there are no cold bridges. Thanks to the possibility of the insulating panels in the recesses To be able to move horizontally as desired, this advantage also applies to walls with non-standardized, i.e. more or less arbitrary, wetnesses. the The ability to move the insulating panels »also allows them to be used for window or Door openings should be preferred so that there is windproof thermal insulation.

A particular advantage is that through the horizontally continuous Arrangement of the insulating plates both on the production of the mounting blocks Vibrating machines with vertical production as well as on extrusion presses with horizontal production is possible. Furthermore, the mounting block is with minimal Labor and material costs can be easily laid even by laypeople.

An exemplary embodiment is shown in the drawing. Show it:

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Figure 1 is an isometric view of the mounting block with inserted Insulating panels;

Figure 2 shows a cross section through the mounting block (along the plane A-B in Figure 3), the formation of the horizontal joint can be seen;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the mounting block, the butt joint formation can be seen;

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a severable assembly block (separating stone);

Figure 5 is a plan view of a wall piece from the mounting blocks an inner wall connection;

Figure 6 shows a cross section of the wall piece of Figure 5 in the plane C-D with the inner wall integration;

FIG. 7 shows a top view of the separating stone according to FIG. 4 with a vertical one Slot arrangement; and

FIG. 8 shows a cross section through the mounting block according to a modified one Embodiment.

The mounting block shown in Figures 1 and 2 has two horizontal in In the longitudinal direction, i.e. parallel to a wall to be erected, recesses 1 or 2 penetrating the entire stone without interruption, of which the a recess 1 extends vertically downwards, starting from the top of the stone, at a given distance from the one side surface of the stone. The other recess 2 has the same given distance from the other side surface and extends starting from the stone underside vertically upwards. Insulation plates are placed in each of the recesses 1 and 2 4 such as rigid hard foam panels are used. The special mutual The arrangement of the recesses 1 and 2 or the insulating plates 4 allows the blocks to be laid alternately in two vertically successive layers ensure a vertical alignment of the insulating

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plates 4 of the two layers, as can be seen in FIG. The respective Panels touch one another at their end faces and thus interrupt a cold bridge on the entire, relatively large joint mortar.

The two recesses 1, 2 extend vertically over the Stone center out to such a depth that they overlap in the middle area of the stone over a considerable vertical distance. Through this the horizontal "cold flow" is interrupted in the middle of the stone or at least forced to take a longer path through the stone material, which is also insulating. The stone material can, for example, consist of pumice, leca, brick material etc. exist. The special alternating arrangement of the insulating panels 4 according to FIG. 2 and according to FIG. 6 is also useful in relation to the vapor pressure gradient arising in each building due to the temperature differences, which practically always runs diagonally from the top inside to the outside below. In the case of the assembly block described, the vapor diffusivity remains the wall received in any case, since the insulating panels 4 although form a resistance, but the remaining insulating stone material has sufficient diffusibility.

As can also be seen in FIG. 2, the recesses 1, 2 taper conical from the top or bottom of the stone to the stone center, and at their inner end they are preferably so narrow that the Insulating plates 4 can be clamped there. If you have the insulation panels on the construction site 4 is inserted into the recesses 1, 2, which is facilitated by a width of the recesses slightly exceeding the thickness of the plate at the outer end thereof and then lightly press the plates towards the center of the block, they become clamped by the conical taper. The described shape of the recesses also initially facilitates any horizontal displacement of the insulating plates 4 in their recesses according to the respective needs in construction. For the subsequent clamping of the plates are also used beads 3 located on the side surfaces of the recesses 1, 2 e.g. in the form of vertical bead-like webs. The insulation panels will be like this used that they protrude laterally from their recess at one end and engage in an adjacent block when building a wall. Preferably are used in the loaded recesses 1, 2 insulating plates 4 with mutually the same dimensions. In special cases you can also Isolation plates with the length of several mounting blocks can be used.

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The recesses 1, 2 are expediently in cross section at their inner end approximately triangular. This will increase the static stability of the stone and also in the production of the material flow favored when pouring into the molds. The resulting cavities are not filled by the usually rectangular insulating plates 4, but they contain stagnant air, which also has an insulating effect achieved and the "cold flow" is redirected or extended. The triangular shape could also be up to an approximately semicircular cross-section be modified.

The mounting blocks shown in Figure 1 to 4 are used on normal production machines for hollow blocks, the horizontal recess 1 by a mold core and the recess 2 by drawing a Sword is made. The core and the sword are corresponding to that The shape of the recesses described is slightly conical towards the bottom of the stone. At the same time, the aforementioned beads 3 can also be formed.

The described arrangement of the recesses 1, 2 or the continuous Insulating panels 4 also allow, in particular, the use of stone production machines, which, e.g. in the brick industry, work in a continuous process. The mounting block can be made from a perforated stone material be produced on an extruder, as shown in Figure 8, wherein the holes distributed over the entire stone cross-section a Ensure even better thermal insulation, as the "cold flow" continues is derived or interrupted.

To hold the bedding mortar, a Complaint plate a mortar bed 6 pressed in and vibrated. The one here remaining webs 7 are initially set to the desired stone height Exceeding height produced and after the assembly block has hardened Machined plane-parallel with a special milling machine (e.g. according to DE-PS 1 427 712) and milled off by a few millimeters. The milling machine works with a pair of milling cutters 9, which on a determining the exact stone height fixed distance is set, whereby on the bottom of the block im Area 10 also creates a smooth and plane-parallel support surface

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2 8 AZ ₁ 1 8 2

will. These measures should otherwise be unavoidable in stone production large stone height tolerances of up to 10 mm can be eliminated.

It should be noted, however, that the invention also applies to ceiling mounting is applicable, which are produced without precise milling of the webs 7 and the bearing surfaces in the area 10. Stone height tolerances are then due Application of floor joint mortar in a disinfecting strength. ,, what However, the Venvenduno of cord and Wasserwaaoe with each laid Layer makes it necessary. The special insulating effect through the plates 4 is also essentially retained in this case; only in the area of the bed joints could smaller ones due to the stone height deviations Earth the mortar surfaces visibly.

To reduce weight and as a grip hole, which makes it easier to lay the assembly block, there is a longitudinal recess 11 in the bottom or top of the stone During manufacture, the longitudinal recess 11 can also be drawn with the sword. Further, the ^f 1ontageblock obtained at the four corners in the butt joints recesses 12 for receiving the butt joint mortar. The depth of these recesses 1? is dimensioned so that superfluous bed joint mortar can escape from the mortar bed 6 downwards.

In Figure 4, a mounting block is shown, in addition to the already features described has a plurality of separating grooves 13. The parting grooves make it easier sawing or hitting the block on the rough if special stones are required, e.g. those with vertical slots 19 according to FIG. 7 or stones for wall connections according to Figures 5 and 6. In the case of a wall connection, a sawn-out piece of insulating panel 14 can be reinserted laterally, so that the thermal insulation is not interrupted.

As already mentioned, the insulating plates 4 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 be shifted horizontally according to the needs of the building, as indicated by the arrow 15. This is in contrast to familiar ones Mounting blocks with insulating inserts, which are used to hold the outer stone

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have shell transverse webs and thereby hold the insulating inserts in place. at You can use the mounting blocks described here, for example, when setting up a wall with non-standard length can be drawn laterally so that Greater distances arise between the individual blocks, as shown in FIG. 3 at 16. In this case too, both insulating plates 4 so preferred that they intervene in the next block and thus seal the butt joint with a high level of thermal insulation. There is another possibility in that, at the end of the wall or at the wall opening for a window or door, the insulating plate 4 is preferred so that it is a sealing and simultaneous insulation e.g. of the window or door frame is guaranteed, as shown in FIG. 5 at 17.

The assembly block is primarily used to erect external walls and should generally be laid in rows in a whole layer of stone on the building site. Because of the desired stone height precision, the first stone layer is placed neatly and horizontally in mortar ^{on a ceiling 1 or a foundation.} At the butt joints, the individual assembly blocks are put together dry (without mortar), with the insulating plates 4 engaging in the next assembly block. Then the bed joint mortar is brought into the prepared mortar bed 6 of the entire row of stones and drawn off with a board over the webs 7. The next stone layer is simply laid alternately in rows with respect to the previous layer, with the milled surface areas 10 being placed on the milled webs 7. Due to the weight of the mounting blocks, they are sufficiently pressed into the bed 6 of mortar with the protrusion 18 that has remained between the areas 10. Any superfluous mortar is pressed into the longitudinal recesses 11 or into the recesses 12 of the butt joints. Alignment of each stone layer with cord and spirit level is not necessary when using the milled assembly blocks, and the mortar bed 6 of the bed joints is isolated and sealed from the outside by the webs 7. When the mounting blocks are laid alternately, the joint mortar joints, which are otherwise susceptible to a "cold flow", are interrupted and isolated by the mutual contact of the insulating plates 4.

Experience has shown that most stone materials must be made from building physics Grounds are plastered outside and inside. During this plastering, the recess 12 of the butt joint is automatically grouted when it is started

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or spraying the plaster. With the time-consuming butt joint grouting by the bricklayer, as it was previously required, a time-consuming and costly work process is eliminated.

The mounting block with integrated thermal insulation is preferably used for External walls used. For structural reasons, it is advisable to incorporate inner walls, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, with separating stones in every second layer to be arranged according to FIG. The dividing stones become the necessary ones Embeddings sawed out or knocked out, and when using The filler concrete flows into this "opening. An additional one Anchoring is possible by inserting structural steel. However, masonry walls can also be integrated in this way.

As a rule, the insulating plates 4 wr or after the milling process are inserted into the assembly blocks during manufacture. However, it is also possible to supply the insulating panels 4 loosely and have them used by the mason on the construction site. A possibility which is particularly interesting with regard to optimal insulation is to use insulation panels 4 at twice the height and, for example, to use them continuously when laying on the building. Such insulating plates 4 then avoid any interruption of the insulation in the area of the mortar bed 6. Obviously, in this case, the mounting blocks of the next row in each case are slipped over the protruding insulating plates 4.

The mounting blocks can be used in rows by both specialists and laypeople can be laid quickly, and can be obtained by simply filling the bed joints with mortar and then peeling it off with a board minimal effort and a significant saving in time and Material costs. This could largely reduce the current shortage of skilled workers be remedied.

Some of the advantages outlined would also be evident in the event apply that in the assembly block only a single recess according to the type of recess 1, 2 is provided with only one insulating plate 4. Because of the

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However, (at least) two insulating plates 4 and in particular their advantageous arrangement with respect to one another are preferred for significantly better thermal insulation. If the assembly block with integrated thermal insulation is made of pumice concrete with a bulk density of 0.8 kg / dm, the thermal insulation value is 1/7 = 2.42 m ² K / W or k-0.38 W / m ² K. Due to this very high thermal insulation value, high energy costs can be saved.

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Claims (13)

PATENT LAWYERS XiR. DIETER V. BEZOLD DIPL. ING. PETER SCHÜTZ DIPL. ING. WOLFGANG HEUSLER MAHIA-THERESIA-STHASSE 23 '") Q /, /, POST BOX 800688 ~ ^w * · 'T D -8000 MUENOHEN 86 TELEPHONE OSQ / 47 60 476810 TELEX 032038 TELEGRAM SOMBEZ 10438 / H / hd Franz Hinse, 54 Koblenz 1 MOUNTING BLOCK WITH INTEGRATED THERMAL INSULATION PATENT CLAIMS Mounting block for building construction, especially with in the edge area of the Stone bearing surfaces milled to an exact stone height and pre-formed butt and bed joints and with recesses molded into the stone for inserting insulation panels for thermal insulation, thereby characterized in that the recesses (1,2) for the insulating plates (4) horizontally parallel to the wall direction throughout the whole Continuously enforce stone. 2. Mounting block according to claim 1, characterized in that that two horizontally continuous recesses (1,2) of the same width are provided, one of which is based on the top of the stone at a given distance from the one side surface D 3 G O17 / O 2 ü 3 POSTSCHECK MUNICH NB. 69148-800 - BANK ACCOUNT HYPOBANK MÜNCHEN (BLZ 70020040) KTO. 6060207878 ~ ² ~ 2 8 A 418 2 of the stone vertically downwards and the other is given in the same Distance from the other side surface starting from the stone bottom extends vertically upwards, and that the two recesses (1, 2) to Interruption of the horizontal temperature flow in the middle area of the stone overlap for a considerable vertical distance. 3. Mounting block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the recesses (1,2) taper conically from the top or bottom of the stone towards the stone center and at their inner end are preferably dimensioned so narrow that the insulating plates (4) can be clamped there. 4. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the recesses (1, 2) are approximately triangular in cross-section at their inner end. 5. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating plates (4) meet the needs on the building accordingly horizontally displaceable in the recesses (1, 2) are, which at their outer end have a greater width than the insulating plates (4). 6. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekennzei chnet that there are on the side surfaces of the recesses (1, 2) beads (3) for clamping the insulating plates (4). 7. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a prepared one at the bed joint (6) Mortar bed is provided. 8. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked that the butt joints at the stone corners are preformed Have recesses (12) which allow automatic co-mortaring when plaster is thrown on and one for draining away superfluous Floor grout must be of sufficient depth. 030017/0203 " ³ " 28U182 9. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekennzei chnet that in the bottom and / or top of the stone one as a grip hole and for the reception of superfluous bedding mortar serving longitudinal recess (11) is located. 10. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating plates (4) are inserted so that they protrude laterally from their recess (1, 2) at one end and intervene in the next block of a wall. 11. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that an insulating plate, the height of which is double is as great as the depth provided for inserting the insulating plate Recesses (1,2), one half of which is inserted into one of the recesses (1, 2), while its other half is vertically separated from the sub and / or. Top of the stone protrudes. 12. A method for manufacturing a mounting block according to any one of the claims "1 to 11, characterized in that on one Hollow block production machine with a horizontal recess (1) a mold core and the other recess (2) are molded with a sword. 13. A method for producing a mounting block according to any one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the horizontal Recesses (1, 2) are formed by means of an extrusion press. 0300 17/0203