DE2601097A1 - Interlocking masonry building block - has evenly spaced vertical mortar filling channels with at least half this space from edges - Google Patents

Abstract

The masonry building block, ready for interlocking assembly, has flat bearing surfaces, and vertical channels pref. conically shaped, for mortar filling, passing across the whole height of the block. These mortar-filling channels (2) are evenly spaced (3) and there is always half this spacing distance from the nearest outside edge of the block (1). There may be six such channels evenly distributed over the surface, in at least two rows; or if the block is to be used as a terminal stone in wall joining it may have a single row, of two or more channels. The vertical channels, for mortar joining when the mortar is cast, may be connected by a cross-channel (6) so that standing air can escape when mortar is applied storey-high. The blocks may be made of sand-lime brick. Blocks can be easily built up storey high by the dry walling process, and subsequently filled with mortar for increased strength and sound insulation.

Description

Assembly block

From DT-PS 1 409 139 it is known to drywall walls to erect from assembly stones (artificial bricks) with a dimensional tolerance have bearing surfaces machined with an accuracy of only + 0.1 mm and in the manner of tongue and groove interlock. Such assembly stones have the advantage that they are initially without Mortar and with little assembly effort (without the laborious alignment of each stone can be placed on top of each other with string and a weight scale and without hemp mortar) and only after half or full floor height has been reached by pouring concrete into the bull canals that are provided for this purpose and run vertically through all the stones need to be stabilized. Here, however, the storage areas and stone heights are through an additional work process with an expensive milling machine to edit. Such walls should also have a high level of thermal insulation, which is why the stone walls are chosen to be stronger. With heavy stone material (concrete, Bricks and sand-lime bricks), however, are used in the casting systems known up to now Holes for mortar grouting kept smaller and the rest of the stone material strong perforated to achieve thermal insulation.

The task now is to keep a dry floor in the bandage (also by laypeople) to be relocated and then immediately resilient through ceilings, falls, etc. Mounting block in particular made of heavy stone material such as sand-lime brick or the like. indicate, on the one hand, for easy handling on the construction site, despite economic reasons desired large dimensions should have a low weight, but on the other hand After filling with mortar, a wall that can withstand static loads is guaranteed, which should be so heavy that good sound insulation is achieved.

This task is achieved by the assembly block characterized in claim 1 solved.

According to the invention, therefore, a relatively large number of mortar filling channels are uniform Distributed over the entire floor plan of the block, which has the advantage, among other things, that the block is light and can be moved by hand while the wall is following the abundant mortar filling can reach a weight of 2 over 500 kg / m and a correspondingly high level of sound insulation is guaranteed. Due to the even distribution of the mortar filling channels is also the (horizontal) compressive strength of the block significantly increased, and the chimney-like grout in the channels makes the finished Wall can withstand greater static load against lateral buckling and higher loads than until now.

A particular advantage is that for a given wall thickness for all practically occurring wall parts only two blocks of different dimensions (a normal block and a block serving as a supplementary block with e.g.

1/3 length or half the width of the normal block). The supplementary files can also be used for special purposes such as completing the ceiling or can be used to erect thin wall elements.

Another advantage is that one for normal thick walls (e.g. 25 cm) designed assembly block, if necessary after minor changes on its outer surfaces (laying a tongue and groove connection from the buckle sides to the long sides of the block) also for thicker walls (e.g.

37.5 cm) can be used. Because of the demand for increased noise protection Walls made of blocks of the type described are usually considered thick inside the building loaded inner walls arranged. No special requirements are placed on the sound insulation placed by cellar walls, which have to be thicker to accommodate the side walls To be able to absorb earth pressure.

Two preferred exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawing. 1 shows a plan view of the mounting block for smaller wall thicknesses; 2 shows a cross section through the mounting block; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the mounting block; Fig. 4 and 5 each have a supplementary block (1/3 stone length or 1/2 Stone width); Fig. 6 is a plan view of the mounting block for larger wall thicknesses: FIG. 7 shows a cross section through the mounting block according to FIG. 6; 8 shows a corner dressing with blocks according to Fig. 1; 9 shows a wall integration with mounting blocks according to FIG. 1 using whole and 1/3 long blocks; Fig. 10 shows a vertical slot arrangement; 11 shows an interlocking of thin, brick-built inner walls in every other layer with a half-width block; 12 shows a wall crossing; Fig. 13 a corner connection with mounting blocks according to FIG. 6; 14 with a wall integration Blocks according to FIG. 6 and supplementary stones according to FIGS. 4 and 5; Fig. 15 is a vertical one Slot arrangement; and FIG. 16 shows a cross section through a mortar wall a blanket.

Fig. 1 shows a mounting block 1 with preferably conical mortar filling channels 2, which are each arranged at the same distance 3 (e.g. 12.50m) from one another. The outer dimensions 4 of the block must have a module corresponding to the distance 3 (e.g. 12.5cm). The chosen example of the grid dimension or distance 3 of 12.5cm results from the fact that in building construction wall thicknesses of 25 cm (load-bearing outer and inner walls) and of 37.5cm (in the basement against earth pressure) are common.

The blocks 1 are made with an accuracy of the stone height of + 0.5 mm, preferably without subsequent machining, and can thus be stacked up next to each other and on top of each other in a dry manner. By its own weight and the frictional resistance in the bearing surfaces as well as by a tongue-and-groove connection 5 on the end face prevents lateral displacement.

At the same time, each block is secured by the tongue and groove connection 5 Centered in the longitudinal direction of the wall, and the mortar filling channels 2 are each exactly on top of each other. The blocks described here are preferably made of sand-lime brick or any other heavy stone material.

2 and 9 show, in the longitudinal direction of the wall in the bottom the mounting blocks pressed in a transverse channel 6 so that the mortar channels 2 with each other have a connection and the standing one when filling the mortar floor by floor Air can escape. At the same time, the wall should because of the lack a mortared butt joint to absorb 6 shear forces through the filled transverse channels can. To save weight and to facilitate production, there are between the Mortar filling channels 2 arranged two round holes 7, which are closed on the top of the block so that no mortar can penetrate.

In the examples described here, they contain normal blocks two rows each of three mortar filling channels 2, each of which is the Distance 3 and half the distance from the adjacent outer edges of the block 3, the distances being based on the axes of the filling channels. However, the invention is not limited to this number of filling channels.

From Figs. 8-12 it can be seen that the blocks 1 in each successive Layer can be shifted laterally by 1/3 stone length, as indicated at 10, so there is no butt joint on butt joint, which would lead to the risk of cracking.

Nevertheless, the vertical mortar filling channels 2 are each chimney-like on top of each other.

So that the ends of the walls are made in a 1/3 bond (windows, doors, etc.) are, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, or slots as in Fig. 10 and wall mountings According to FIG. 11, 1/3-long or 1/2-wide blocks 8 and 9, respectively, are required as they are are shown in Fig. 4 and 5, respectively. These blocks used as complementary stones are with the same grid dimensions or spacing 3 and corresponding external dimensions 4 and can be moved in any direction across or lengthways to the wall.

If larger wall thicknesses according to Figs. 13 to 15 (e.g.

37.5 cm), a mounting block 11 according to Fig. 6 and 7 used, which differs from that of Fig. 1 only in that that the end faces with tongue and groove connections 5 are the long block sides and the Impression for the transverse channel 6 is to be exchanged while the arrangement of the mortar filling channels 2 and the dimensions match. These thicker ones Walls are laid offset by half a stone length in the central bond as in 13 and 14 is indicated at 12.

So there are for all occurring wall types and connections only two stone types are required, namely blocks 1 and 8 on one side and blocks 1 on the other blocks 11 and 9, which is a major advantage for production (low investment in molds and warehousing), for ordering and transporting materials as well as for processing is on the construction by auxiliary workers.

From Fig. 16 is the laying of a ceiling 13 on the mortar wall evident. In front of the ceiling, instead of a shuttering, 1/3-long or 1/2-wide blocks 8 and 9 are used together. For better thermal protection in Inner strips 14 made of insulating building materials can be inserted into the ceiling area.

Claims (8)

3? Atentansrüche S mounting block made of artificial stone material with flat support surfaces and with vertical, over the entire height of the stone, In particular, conical mortar waste channels, which are noticeable e t that all mortar filling channels (2) from each other an equal given distance (3) and of each adjacent outer edge of the block (1, 11) given in each case half Have a distance. 2. Mounting block according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that over the plane of the block (1, ii) a number (six) of mortar filling channels (2) are evenly distributed in at least two parallel rows. 3. Mounting block according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the block (8, 9) for use as a supplementary stone in the wall association contains only a series of two or more mortar filling channels (2). 4. Mounting block according to one of claims 1-3, d a -d u r c h g e it is not indicated that the vertical mortar filling channels (2) for a mortar connection are connected by a transverse channel (6) during mortar grouting, through which the storey-high Mortar grouting allows the standing Luit to escape to avoid the formation of nests. 5. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r it is noted that the block height has a dimensional tolerance of + 0.5 mm Has. 6. Mounting block according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e k e k e n n n n n e t, that it is made of sand-lime brick. 7. Mounting block according to claim 3, g e k e n n z e i c n e t d u r c h the use as a closing stone (Fig. 16) for a concrete ceiling (13). 8. Mounting block according to claim 3, g e k e n n z e i c h net d u r c h the use for the construction of thin interior walls, window parapets, niches etc. only from the supplementary stones (8, 9).