DE852606C - Process for the production of building walls and other supporting members using hollow blocks - Google Patents

Description

Process for the production of building walls and other support members by means of hollow blocks in the production of walls from staggered in a bond Up to now, hollow blocks have not had to be used because they have a single stone shape and size Wall corners and wall lengths of any size and no wall openings at any Places could be formed, hollow lockstones of a selected type with similar Molded stones of different shapes and sizes, e.g. B. half or quarter stones, three quarter stones. Masonry stones, or with normal bricks together. this initially required an exact list of the type and quantity for the construction work the stones required for their order and, apart from the ones that often have to be made separately Delivery of the stones, their separate stacking on the construction site, must also the different types of stone are made by the bricklayers working at arri Bau, depending on the requirements fetched under certain circumstances piece by piece from the various stacking locations and to be promoted. The cost-effectiveness of production naturally suffers from this of a building. These disadvantages are due in large part to the fact that for most of the hollow stone types used today for the size and shape of the Cavities and the distribution of the same as well as the webs are only the points of view the load-bearing capacity and insulation capacity were decisive. In contrast, the after Invention to use hollow blocks not only the aspects mentioned fully taken into account, but a dtrntter essential one Point of view, namely that of the divisibility of the stones without loss of material. By that point of view Consideration of the design and arrangement of the cavities, which will be explained later In the simplest form of hollow blocks, it is made possible for all masonry stone sizes and shapes required on the construction site in the simplest and most economical way Way to build up the walls yourself: so there were detailed orders, separate storage of the stones on the construction site and other disadvantages are omitted. The work involved in separating the stones is extremely low in comparison solely for the work that is necessary to cut other types of hollow blocks To be stacked separately according to shape and size and brought to the masons. Through the Taking into account the aspect of the divisibility of the hollow blocks is thus in a simple and economical way in maintaining and improving the other favorable properties of the hollow blocks with regard to their load-bearing and insulating ability achieved, d'ass. a masonry made of only one stone Basic shape and size can be made.

Accordingly, the invention consists firstly in that the walls of a building, including loading Sonderer wall parts, such as wall corners, door and window lines with or ohnae stop, where appropriate, other support members such as posts, lintels, steel emphasized ränne etc., of hollow blocks of a single basic form and size with a preferably rectangular plan and partial stones of the same are bricked up, which are obtained as required during the masonry by dividing stones of the basic shape in two or more in such a way that when separating a partial stone or several partial stones another Teifsrtein required for the masonry construction . or several such partial stones arise, the boundary walls of the cavities lying on the dividing planes forming parts of the outer compartments of the partial stones.

The measure of separating certain pieces from shaped bricks of a certain type, is known per se. The known stones of this type are not hollow blocks within the meaning of the invention with a simple rectangular plan shape, but are mostly Both in the ground plan and in the elevation, cell blocks with variously designed shapes small cavities. Only simple parts can be separated so that it is not possible, e.g. B. Door and window lines with stops made of sections run these stones. It is also not possible with the known stones Create wall openings at any point. In contrast, according to the invention Hollow blocks standardized by your service. Hollow blocks similar to simple shape used, in which, however, in deviation from the standardized hollow blocks, the ones below open cavities in two or more transverse to the longitudinal direction of the stones Rows are designed and arranged as one- or two-part cavities in such a way that that when dividing this stone the boundary surfaces of the cavities parts of the Form outer surfaces of the divided stones and accordingly partial stones of different Shape and dimensions; can be won. Thereby stich what regarding the avoidance of material losses is important when separating a partial stone Always corresponding partial stones that are also required for the masonry bond.

In the case of the invention, there is also a deviation from known Molded and hollow blocks the width of the cavities roughly equal to the thickness of the the stone webs separating the cavities or the walls delimiting them, and also the stone bridges and stone walls are almost equally strong. To this Way there is the possibility of always partial stones of a simple or multiple the web or turn thickness to separate, so that walls of any length in the Association and wall openings in this masonry association at any point a difference corresponding to the strength of the stone webs or walls a web thickness of z. B. 5 cm so made with each divisible by five, measure can be. This has the further advantage that for a according to the invention building to be created each due to the dimension the web or turn thickness of the stones, so z. B. each divisible by five grid dimensions can be used as a basis. Per se the divider dimension could be chosen to be smaller than 5 cm, but it is with consideration on the compressive strength of the stones to be achieved according to the applicable best practices expedient to go only a little below this level. A roughly the dimensions the previously standardized hollow blocks corresponding hollow block according to the invention has a partial dimension of 5 cm and accordingly wall and web thicknesses a full pressure surface, which is roughly equal to that of the standardized stone, comes So this also with regard to its compressive strength under otherwise identical conditions same. A divider dimension of 5 cm is unlikely for the previously known types of stone have been achieved. At best it is z. B. called common bricks 6.25 cm.

The division of the stones of the basic shape and size takes place at the desired one Start by hammering a few notches. the outside of the outer stone warning throat with the edge of a mason's hammer. Divisibility can be made easier. by notches to be provided at the corners of the stone production Cavities, optionally also on the outside, the notches, in particular but the outer, wedge-shaped form: would be so that the mason's hammer when striking achieved a driving effect.

A very useful possibility of division is also achieved if breakthroughs of circular, elliptical or similar cross-section are arranged, which taper slightly downwards and into the dividing wedge that is slightly conical for dividing, z. B. iron bars, are imprisoned. With elliptical or similar The cross-section of these separating holes should expediently be the longitudinal axis of the cross-section lie in the direction of the cut to be made.

In the case of the hollow block according to the invention, the ratio of width to length is preferably selected to be 5: 7. A 25 cm thick hollow stone wall results in a stone length of 35 cm, with a 30 cm thick wall a stone length of 42 cm. Since the crossbars and the cavities are of the same width in the transverse direction, there is a possibility of dividing the wall, regardless of whether it is a wall closure or a wall closure for doors and windows, with a thickness of 25 cm from 5 cm to 5 cm, with a 30 cm thick wall from 6 cm to 6 cm, a variation that is not possible with any of the larger, currently known hollow stones. is and also from the brick or. Brick masonry is hardly reached, or at least not exceeded. The wall composite will still be at least two fifths of the wall thickness, i.e. at least 10 cm for the 25 cm thick wall and at least 12 cm for the 3o cm wall. The creation of half, quarter and three-quarter stones is no longer necessary.

Another great advantage of the new hollow block is his Can be used for the formation of door and window lintels. At door and lintels, it is usually necessary to have these at the bottom with the same stops as the sides of the door and window openings. For lintels to be made from concrete is not just a complicated and wasteful one Formwork necessary, but it must also have a special thermal insulation be attached. The necessary stop stones are divided from the new hollow block from, punches through the floors of the cavities, sets the stones vertically analogous to the desired lintel length and pour the cavities continuously with concrete or lightweight concrete, if necessary. after inserting any necessary reinforcing bars into the cavities. The prefabricated beam obtained in this way can be used without hindering the construction of the wall be laid in the simplest way, with the desired circumferential stop with minimal construction effort and without construction delay. In the case of lintel supports, you knock off the stop, but the lintel can also be made that for the Auflagerlärrge whole stones or non-stop partial stones for use reach.

Further features of the invention emerge from the following description of the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. It shows figs. I to 5 hollow blocks of the basic shape in preferred sizes for wall @ sitarken from 15 to 30 cm with the possible partial stones, fig. 6 and! 7 two preferred stone shapes in a larger representation in a horizontal section, Fig. 8 the stone according to Fig.6 in an inverted position in an isometric view, Fig. 9 a section along the line AA in Figs. 6 and 7, Fig. 10 a cross section this Stone according to the line BB in Fig. 6. Fig. Ii a. Cross-section of the stone along the line CC in Fig. 7, A, bb. 12 a part of the surrounding walls of a building with wall corners, door and window openings and, a pillar in a horizontal section and two successive sterol layers with an indication of how the partial stones were extracted, Fig. 13 a support built from partial stones in a bond with stops on both sides in two successive stone layers, Fig. 14 is a horizontal section through a column made of partial stones with inner reinforced concrete cores with stops on both sides, Fig. 15 is a horizontal section. Section through a column made of whole hollow blocks according to Fig. 6 with reinforced concrete cores, Fig. 16a, 16b, 16c various design options for a steel concrete wreath, which can also be used for the production of window and door lintels, Fig. 17 a horizontal section through a reinforced concrete wreath according to Fig. 16a or 161> at a building corner and Fig. 18 a horizontal section along line DD in Fig. 16c.

All stone sizes shown are designed following the basic principle of the invention in such a way that the stone length and the stone width can be divided by the same dimension a. The stone length is always equal to an odd multiple of the divider a, while the stone width can be equal to an odd or even multiple of the divider a. The stone height can be arbitrary, but is expediently also a multiple of the plate size m. Seen in the plan, the dimensions of the stones of the respective basic shape and size are selected according to a line network of vertically crossing lines with the distances a. As Fig. 12 shows, this network of lines can be decisive for the entire layout of a building that is to be erected with a multiple of the plate dimension a as a grid dimension. The stone walls and. the stone ridges correspond in their strength to a field of the line network, and the cavities also correspond in their size to the field widths of the line network. Since the stone length of the plate dimension id is always equal to an odd multiples, the block lengths arising for the practical candidate stone sizes to 5a with two cavities to 7a having three lumens and 9a with four cavities or cavity rows.

I is meant in Fig. Id shown to hollow block with the partial stones io to 16, the intermediate walls insbeslondere'für ', has z. B. a length of 5a and a width of 3a. As a result, it contains two square cavities H, which are of equal size under themselves and of equal distance from each other and from the outer surfaces of the stone. The stone is in accordance with the strong lines of Fig. Ia to Id divisible so that .sich. Ib in Teihmg nasch Fig. Ia the Tei lateim io and ii, of the division as shown in Fig part stones 12 and 13, wherein the division by Fig. 1 c the partial stones 14 and 15 and when divided according to Fig. Id the partial stones 11 and 16 result. If one chooses the pitch of 5 cm, then it goes for the stone. the basic shape of which is 25 cm long, 15 cm wide and the width of the cavities H also 5 cm.

For both hollow blocks according to Fig. 2, with a stone width of full 3 - a, the length is 7 - d. Accordingly, the hollow stone contains three cavities H with a square plan. The stone can be divided into the partial stones 2o and 21, 22 and 23, 24 and 25, 26 and 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 according to Figs. 2a to 2e, with two identical partial stones in the division according to Fig. 2f 23, according to Fig. 2g two identical partial stones 25 and according to Fig. 2'h two identical partial stones 21 arise .. A total of eleven division possibilities, shown with twelve stone shapes, which, however, does not exhaust the number of division possibilities. However, the division possibilities can be limited by dividing only along the sides of the outer cavities H in each case. Then only the partial stones 20, 2i according to Fig. 2 a, 22 and 23 according to Fig. 2 b, 24 and 25 according to Fig. 2 c, 29 according to Fig. 2f, 3o according to Fig. 2h and 31 according to Fig. 21, a total of nine stone shapes, but in most cases they are completely sufficient.

The hollow block according to Fig. 3 has a width of 5 - a at one Length of 7 # a. If a is equal to 5 cm, the stone is 25 cm wide and 35 cm long. Since the division of all stones is always transverse to the longitudinal direction of the stone and the length of the stone shown in Fig. 3 is equal to the length of the stone Fig.2, the same division possibilities result here. as in Fig. 2 (see Fig. 3 a to 31).

Even with the hollow blocks according to Fig. 4, the stone length is 7 # a, so that again the same tea-making possibilities result as in Fig. 2 and 3. The stone width here is 4 - d. If a is equal to 5 cm, the length is 35 cm and the width is 20 cm. In the stone according to Fig. 5 and equal to 6 cm d cm, the length equal to 42 cm, and the stone width equal to 30. The stone, in which width to length is related to 5: 7, represents a particularly preferred basic size, which is used for the production of 25 and 30 cm thick masonry. As can be seen from Fig. 3, the stone can either be provided with three cavities with a rectangular cross-section or, as indicated by dashed lines, with six cavities with a square cross-section.

In Fig. 6 to i i the stone is shown with its details. Its shape corresponds to the previously standardized hollow block stones Grooves arranged on abutting surfaces. The stone is along the boundary surfaces of the outer cavities divisible and to facilitate the divider, according to Fig. 6 with outer and internal notches. provided with a holy cross-section. Instead of the outer notches, the stone can also, as can be seen from Fig. 7, within its side walls with vertical perforations versedm sdr4 which follow Taper slightly at the bottom and for the insertion of z. B. consisting of conical iron rods Separating wedges are determined. The stone height is chosen according to Fig. 8 to 3 - a, they but can also be a measure that is independent of the Teider measure. Since, as stated at the beginning, it is no longer necessary to wall up the hollow blocks together with bricks, In contrast to the well-known hollow blocks, the stone height does not need to be used up to match the height of bricks.

If value is placed on it, the stone came in its dimensions, also exactly the dimensions of the standardized ones. Hollow blocks are adapted. Its length can be 38 cm and: its length 25 cm. With a length of 7 - a , the plate size a is 38 : 7 = 5.43 cm, so that the width of the three cavities is 5.43 cm each. With three rectangular cavities, their length is 25-2 # 5.43 = 14.14 cm, and the full base area of the stone minus the cavities is then around 692 cmt compared to 69o cmt for the standardized hollow block. Under otherwise identical conditions, its compressive strength is therefore also the same as that of the standardized stone.

A pin with the above-mentioned plan dimensions could, however, also contain four rectangular cavities. The Teider dimension a would then be 38: 9 4.5 cm, the width of the cavities also 4.5 cm and their length 25 - 2 # 4.5 = 16 cm. The full base area minus the cavities would then be soaped 630 cmt, i.e. somewhat smaller than with the corresponding stone with three cavities.

A hollow block with four rectangular cavities, but with different ones Size dimensions is shown in Fig. 5, where .in, shown in the figure to the right is that the cavities can also be divided.

In Fig. 12 it is shown how the outer walls of a building can be made from stones and partial stones according to Fig. 4 and 6 to ii. In the illustrated embodiment, e.g. B. the window opening to be produced with stops 6 have a distance of 1.25 m from the outside of the building. In the first stone layer, this dimension can be achieved in that, starting with a whole stone, 40 of the basic size with a length equal to 35 cm, a partial stone 41 of 10 m length and then two whole stones 40 follow. On the last rubber stone 4o closes the. Angle-shaped partial stone 42 containing stop 6. When splitting this. Partial stone 42 from, the basic size according to Fig. 12 a results in the further partial stone 43 with a length of 3ocm, which, as can be seen from the illustration of the second stone layer, is used as a stop stone in this stone layer. Two whole stones 40 adjoin it to the left up to the butt joint with the second stone layer in the wall perpendicular to this wall, which is 25 cm thick corresponding to the stone thickness. In this, the outer dimension up to the door opening z. B. 95 cm. The first layer of stones, which butts against the stones of the other wall, which is also 25 cm thick, can then consist of two whole stones 40, while the second layer, which goes through to the outer corner, consists of two whole stones 40 and a partial stone 44 of 25 cm in length is formed. The partial stone 44 is obtained when the partial stone 41 is separated as shown in FIG. 12 b.

An intermediate pillar closes on the right at the window opening which, including stops 6 on both sides, should have a width of 40 cm. The partial stones required for this correspond to the partial stones already mentioned 42 and 43, which arise when dividing a whole stone according to Fig. 12a.

In the further course of the wall there is another window opening to the right, which in turn can have any length divisible by 5. The adjoining wall part up to the right corner of the wall should be 1.50 m long in the exemplary embodiment. It is manufactured in such a way that in the first stone layer to form the stop 6 a partial stone 47 of 20 cm length as shown in Fig. 12c and then three whole stones up to the butt connection to the perpendicular wall, and in the second stone layer one of the partial stone 32 corresponding stop stone can be used. The partial stone 46 still occurring during the division according to Fig. 12 c corresponds to the partial stone 41 according to Fig. 12 b and is expediently bricked up again in the wall bond, as indicated at 46.

The masonry support could also be larger than that shown in Fig. 13 or also designed as a support with reinforced concrete cores 48, 49 according to Figs. 14 and 15 be. Such a support with reinforced concrete cores can in the simplest way be made that with the stones in question: the floors of the cavities before stacking the stones knocked out and then in a vertical position Direction of continuous cavities after the introduction of appropriate concrete reinforcement be filled. Such supports can also be located away from the wall to be erected manufactured as prefabricated parts in the same way and erected if necessary. Window and door lintels with or without a stop can also be set in the same way manufacture and install.

Finally, in Figs. 16 to 18 there is the formation of reinforced concrete anchors illustrated or wreaths with partial stones according to the invention. The production such concrete wreaths that after. the applicable regulations for hollow blocks Buildings to be walled up must be arranged below each ceiling layer Difficult and time-consuming when using normal formwork: Apart from this the concrete wreaths must be insulated inside and outside after their production. All these disadvantages are avoided if partial blocks are used as shuttering blocks after the I? rfinduttg used for the concrete wreaths. The production of the concrete wreaths is then extreme can be carried out easily and quickly without interrupting the other masonry work. There are also a wide variety of possible variations for this. According to Figure 16a you can use a U-shaped partial stone 41 as shown in Fig. 12 b and the stones with the channel facing up in a mortar bed on the topmost stone layer of the hollow blocks offset. The reinforcing bars 51 are then inserted into the continuous channel and then the channel is filled with concrete 52. The height of the concrete ring is then 2/7 of the stone length plus mortar joint. If the ceiling is level with this height of the concrete wreath not together, so one piece of belt or two of them from each side of the hollow block be removed and this be walled up below the U-shaped partial stones. The height of the concrete ring is then, g / 7 or 4/7 of the stone length plus mortar joint, So if a is equal to 5cm 15 or 2ocm. It is also possible to keep the piece of strap upright to remove the standing stone at the top and pour concrete into the upper channel.

The concrete wreath can also, if he z. B. upper and lower reinforcement should contain, from two staggered, U-shaped partial stones according to Fig. 16b are formed.

In Fig. 16 c is another embodiment of a reinforced concrete wreath shown. In this case, the concrete ring is made from away from the masonry Pre-fabricated pieces formed from partial stones 54 with two or four cavities Standing upright in a similar way to making and installing lintels. Two such prefabricated pieces are after installation by partial stones 41 and In-situ concrete 52 connected after the reinforcing bars protruding from them according to regulations have been encountered. When separating the partial stones 44 from a whole Stone remaining partial stones that correspond to the U-shaped partial stones 41, can be used as the outer covering 56 of the top layer; whose z. B. off Reinforced concrete girders. 57 existing ceiling girders in each case into the upright Grooves 58 of the partial stones 41 can intervene.

For the corner formation of the concrete rim according to Fig. 16a and 16b you only knock off one flange piece 59 of a partial stone 41 and the channel to close on the outer string by a piece of strap 6o (Fig. 17).

In the production of U-stones for concrete wreaths or the like remaining Sections that correspond to the partial stone 44 according to Fig. 12b are not lost, but are further walled up in the association. It is useful to keep these stones within of the joist layers, as shorter stones are more practical here than the longer ones, whole stones.

According to the type of. 14 and 15 can also stand in the wall corner and wall supports are formed, if they are walls according to the invention to make it suitable for larger loads. With appropriate arrangement and training the columns can so the more heavily loaded walls of the lower storeys in front of the buildings with the same wall thickness as on the upper floors with a supporting frame made of reinforced concrete Mistake and thus also buildings with more than two storeys be built continuously, e.g. with 25 cm thick hollow stones.

To the exemplary embodiments for the whole stones and their partial stones it should also be mentioned that the approximately separated pieces of belt from z. B. 5 cm width to vary this masonry also according to the height as z. B. 5 cm high runner layer or stretcher layers are used and bricked up like ordinary bricks. can.

The stone according to the invention is not intended to be manufactured from concretes bundled, but can be made of any hardening building materials such. B. also from fired Clay, Made.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for the production of building walls and other support members by means of hollow blocks, characterized in that walls of the same thickness including special wall lines, such as wall corners, door and window reveals with or without stop, permanent formwork for lintels, reinforced concrete anchors or wreaths, if necessary also .for supports , from stones of a single basic shape and size of preferably rectangular cross-section and with regions lying in two or more transverse to the longitudinal direction of the stones: arranged, one-part or multi-part cavities and from, partial stones of the same are bricked up, which are bricked up by two or Multiple division of stones of the basic shape in the direction of the cavity sides are obtained in such a way that when separating a Teidisteines, or several partial stones, another partial stone or several such partial stones required for the masonry association arise and the boundary walls of the cavities lying on the dividing planes Form parts of the outer surfaces of the divided stones. 2. Hollow block with a rectangular plan and below. Open cavities, in particular as a stone of the basic shape and size for carrying out the method according to claim i, characterized in that its length and width, optionally also its height, are dimensioned so that they are divisible by a basic dimension representing: divider (a) and the stone length is equal to an odd multiple of the divider (a), preferably equal to 7 # a, but the stone width is equal to an even or odd fold of the divider (a), preferably equal to 5 - a, and that furthermore the cavities (H ) have the same width as the basic dimension (a) and approximately the same distance between themselves and from the outer surfaces of the stone. 3. Hollow block according to Claim 2, characterized in that it is transverse to its longitudinal direction so divisible along the cavities (H) that the boundary walls of the Cavities form parts of the outer surfaces of the partial stones. 4. hollow block according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it has two or more, preferably three in plan roughly square or roughly rectangular, running transversely to its longitudinal direction Contains cavities. 5. hollow block making claim 2 or 3, characterized in that that he has two or more cavities lying one behind the other in two or more transverse rows, preferably six cavities of approximately square shape, arranged in three transverse rows Contains ground plan (Dept. 6 and 8). 6. hollow block according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that its width is related to its length as 5: 7 and the common divider dimension (a) is preferably approximately equal to 5 cm. 7. Hollow block according to claim 6, characterized in that it. along the transverse sides of the outer Cavities is divisible. B. hollow block according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized characterized in that it is to facilitate the Abteilis the partial stones in the dividing planes Has lying outer notches of wedge-shaped cross-section. G. Hollow block according to one of claims 2 to r, characterized in that it is in the planes of division lying, within its outer walls, optionally also arranged in the inner side Contains perforations of circular, elliptical or similar cross-section, which taper slightly towards the bottom and for the insertion of slightly conical separating wedges to serve. ok Hollow block according to one of Claims 2 to g, characterized in that that it is provided with internal notches lying in the planes of division. i i. Partial stone obtained from hollow blocks according to one of Claims 2 to 10, consisting of one in particular for the production of door and window cables with Stop used angular. Stein, whose approach forming the stop is one the length and thickness corresponding to the divider dimension (a) and its other part a Has thickness equal to the plate measure (a) or an odd multiple. same, is preferably equal to three or five times the divider. 12. Made of hollow blocks Part of the stone obtained according to one of the Air claims 2 to io, consisting of an im Ground plan of a rectangular full bar, the width of which is equal to the divider dimension (a). 13. Partial stone obtained from hollow blocks according to one of claims 2 to io, characterized by one for bricking in. ordinary. Wall parts or for manufacture U-förnvigim or E-shaped stone used by concrete wreaths from a straight one Multiples of this divisor (a) corresponding length. 14. From hollow blocks after one of the claims 2 to To partial stone won, in particular for the production of supports, consisting of a T-shaped hollow stone, both of which Flanges have a length and width corresponding to the divider dimension (a) and this Bar is a thickness equal to three or five times the divider. t ;. = \ us hollow blocks Partial stone obtained according to one of Claims 2 to 10, in particular for production of supports, consisting of a square or rectangular hollow stone from one length corresponding to an odd multiple of the plate measure (a). 16. Procedure according to claim i, in.sh ° special with hollow blocks and partial stones according to one of the claims 2 to i @. characterized by <let according to the static requirements Wall and / or corner supports and. given, if with larger '' wall openings, z. B. shop window openings, free-standing supports can also be formed. by the the cavities of the stones or partial stones to be replaced on top of each other after the Knocked out the horizontal joint to the final wall parts and the perpendicular continuous Cavities of the stacked stones are filled with heavy concrete, if necessary after inserting reinforcing bars. 17. The method according to claim i, characterized in that that window and door lintels, possibly also free, standing individual supports and Partial hanging of concrete wreaths to be installed as prefabricated parts, preferably according to claim 16 by means of offset Hoh, t.hlockste.ine and / or Partial stones of the same are made in a vertical position. 18. Procedure according to Claim 16 or 17 for the production of lintels or supports etc. with reinforced concrete cores, characterized in that when relocating the superimposed stones in the Horizontal joints reinforcing stirrups are inserted, which form the outer reinforcing bars of the various core fillings belonging to a lintel or column, if applicable but also the reinforcing bars belonging to the individual core fillings dich, t embrace and are embedded in the bed joints. i g. Hollow block after one of claims 5 to io, characterized in that the outer cavities transversely to Stone is longer than the inner cavities (Fig. 6).