DE2737031C2 - Ansteuerschaltung für elektrochrome Anzeigeelemente - Google Patents
Ansteuerschaltung für elektrochrome AnzeigeelementeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2737031C2 DE2737031C2 DE2737031A DE2737031A DE2737031C2 DE 2737031 C2 DE2737031 C2 DE 2737031C2 DE 2737031 A DE2737031 A DE 2737031A DE 2737031 A DE2737031 A DE 2737031A DE 2737031 C2 DE2737031 C2 DE 2737031C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- constant
- ecd
- segment
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 KBr Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XJGZGUSMZSXHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptyl-4-(1-heptylpyridin-1-ium-4-yl)pyridin-1-ium Chemical compound C1=C[N+](CCCCCCC)=CC=C1C1=CC=[N+](CCCCCCC)C=C1 XJGZGUSMZSXHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9980376A JPS5324798A (en) | 1976-08-20 | 1976-08-20 | Driving circuit of electrochromic display device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2737031A1 DE2737031A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| DE2737031C2 true DE2737031C2 (de) | 1983-03-31 |
Family
ID=14257026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2737031A Expired DE2737031C2 (de) | 1976-08-20 | 1977-08-17 | Ansteuerschaltung für elektrochrome Anzeigeelemente |
Country Status (4)
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4364041A (en) * | 1978-07-12 | 1982-12-14 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Contrast controllable electrochromic display driver circuit |
| JPS55138793A (en) * | 1979-04-17 | 1980-10-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrochromic display unit drive circuit |
| JPS5612692A (en) * | 1979-07-11 | 1981-02-07 | Sharp Kk | Drive system of ecd device |
| US4895170A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1990-01-23 | Page Hanes, Inc. | Method of contraception using disposable cervical cap |
| US5093654A (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1992-03-03 | Eldec Corporation | Thin-film electroluminescent display power supply system for providing regulated write voltages |
| FR2666804B1 (fr) * | 1990-09-14 | 1993-05-28 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | Vitrage electrochrome. |
| JP2715943B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-02 | 1998-02-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の駆動回路 |
| JPH09329806A (ja) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-22 | Toshiba Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
| US9551758B2 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2017-01-24 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Remote sensing of remaining battery capacity using on-battery circuitry |
| US9478850B2 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2016-10-25 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Omni-directional antenna for a cylindrical body |
| US9726763B2 (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2017-08-08 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Systems and methods for remotely determining a battery characteristic |
| US9882250B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-01-30 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Indicator circuit decoupled from a ground plane |
| US9823310B2 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2017-11-21 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Battery state of charge indicator with an indicator circuit |
| US9568556B2 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2017-02-14 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Battery state of charge indicator with an auxiliary cell |
| WO2016115166A1 (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-07-21 | Kinestral Technologies, Inc. | Driver for electrochromic glass unit |
| US10297875B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 | 2019-05-21 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Battery including an on-cell indicator |
| US9424797B1 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2016-08-23 | Dock Technologies Inc. | Driving electro-optic displays |
| US11024891B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2021-06-01 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Reusable battery indicator with lock and key mechanism |
| US10151802B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2018-12-11 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Reusable battery indicator with electrical lock and key |
| US10608293B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2020-03-31 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Dual sided reusable battery indicator |
| US10818979B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2020-10-27 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Single sided reusable battery indicator |
| US10483634B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2019-11-19 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Positive battery terminal antenna ground plane |
| US11837754B2 (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2023-12-05 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Magnetic battery cell connection mechanism |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3022457A (en) * | 1960-02-19 | 1962-02-20 | Texas Instruments Inc | Transistor voltage regulator |
| US3289092A (en) * | 1962-12-31 | 1966-11-29 | Gen Electric | Direct-current low voltage regulator utilizing a transistor |
| US3951521A (en) * | 1964-06-02 | 1976-04-20 | Xerox Corporation | Reversible radiant energy filter and process of using same |
| US3571630A (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1971-03-23 | Nat Semiconductor Corp | Two-terminal monolithic voltage regulator and reach-through transistor |
| US3613351A (en) * | 1969-05-13 | 1971-10-19 | Hamilton Watch Co | Wristwatch with liquid crystal display |
| GB1367492A (en) * | 1970-08-31 | 1974-09-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Remote-control type power source switching circuit |
| US4045791A (en) * | 1972-04-06 | 1977-08-30 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for driving liquid crystal display device wherein the signal applied thereto is varied in accordance with the temperature of the device |
| US3950077A (en) * | 1974-09-20 | 1976-04-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Lead reference and counter electrode for an electrochromic display |
| JPS51140642A (en) * | 1975-05-29 | 1976-12-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Driving circuit |
| JPS5221861A (en) * | 1975-08-11 | 1977-02-18 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Digital liquid-clystal electronic watch |
-
1976
- 1976-08-20 JP JP9980376A patent/JPS5324798A/ja active Pending
-
1977
- 1977-08-17 DE DE2737031A patent/DE2737031C2/de not_active Expired
- 1977-08-18 CH CH1014177A patent/CH615799B/xx unknown
- 1977-08-19 US US05/826,114 patent/US4302751A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH615799GA3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1980-02-29 |
| DE2737031A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| CH615799B (de) | |
| JPS5324798A (en) | 1978-03-07 |
| US4302751A (en) | 1981-11-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OAP | Request for examination filed | ||
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| 8125 | Change of the main classification |
Ipc: G09G 3/16 |
|
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8328 | Change in the person/name/address of the agent |
Free format text: PATENTANWAELTE MUELLER & HOFFMANN, 81667 MUENCHEN |