DE2656504C3 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Alkalimetallhalogenid-EinkristaUen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Herstellen von Alkalimetallhalogenid-EinkristaUenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2656504C3 DE2656504C3 DE2656504A DE2656504A DE2656504C3 DE 2656504 C3 DE2656504 C3 DE 2656504C3 DE 2656504 A DE2656504 A DE 2656504A DE 2656504 A DE2656504 A DE 2656504A DE 2656504 C3 DE2656504 C3 DE 2656504C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- single crystal
- rap
- gas
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001513 alkali metal bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001516 alkali metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001125831 Istiophoridae Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- AOJDZKCUAATBGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound Br[CH2] AOJDZKCUAATBGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001509 metal bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004857 zone melting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/12—Halides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/645,866 US4076574A (en) | 1975-12-29 | 1975-12-29 | Reactive atmosphere crystal growth method |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2656504A1 DE2656504A1 (de) | 1977-07-07 |
| DE2656504B2 DE2656504B2 (de) | 1978-10-26 |
| DE2656504C3 true DE2656504C3 (de) | 1979-06-13 |
Family
ID=24590800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2656504A Expired DE2656504C3 (de) | 1975-12-29 | 1976-12-14 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Alkalimetallhalogenid-EinkristaUen |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4076574A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5282697A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2656504C3 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2336971A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1563625A (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL50922A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1074232B (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE416479B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4341654A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1982-07-27 | The Harshaw Chemical Company | Getter for melt-grown scintillator ingot |
| US4277303A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-07-07 | The Harshaw Chemical Company | Getter for melt-grown scintillator ingot and method for growing the ingot |
| US4190640A (en) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-02-26 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Generation of nascent bromine for use in the growth of ultra pure metal bromides |
| US4718929A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1988-01-12 | Corning Glass Works | Vapor phase method for making metal halide glasses |
| JPS60123075U (ja) * | 1984-01-27 | 1985-08-19 | 富士電機株式会社 | 自動販売機の販売数計数装置 |
| JPH04227593A (ja) * | 1991-05-01 | 1992-08-17 | Kubota Corp | 自動販売機の無料販売制御方法 |
| JP3337638B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-31 | 2002-10-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | フッ化物結晶の製造方法及び光学部品の製造方法 |
| JP3475407B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-31 | 2003-12-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | フッ化物結晶の製造装置及び製造法並びにルツボ |
| US6238479B1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2001-05-29 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Raw material for manufacturing fluoride crystal, refining method of the same, fluoride crystal, manufacturing method of the same, and optical part |
| JP4154744B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-01 | 2008-09-24 | 株式会社ニコン | フッ化カルシウム結晶の製造方法および原料の処理方法 |
| CN102505114A (zh) * | 2012-01-03 | 2012-06-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | 基于Ni膜辅助退火的SiC衬底上石墨烯制备方法 |
| WO2016028764A1 (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | University Of Cincinnati | Magnesium single crystal for biomedical applications and methods of making same |
| CN105040091B (zh) * | 2015-07-15 | 2019-01-22 | 淮安红相光电科技有限公司 | 一种氯化钠光学晶体制备工艺及制作成红外窗口的方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US792632A (en) * | 1904-05-03 | 1905-06-20 | Harry Tee | Manufacture of salt. |
| US2550173A (en) * | 1949-10-28 | 1951-04-24 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Process for purification of calcium fluoride and lithium fluoride and manufacture ofmacrocrystals thereof |
| US2770526A (en) * | 1955-12-19 | 1956-11-13 | Metal Hydrides Inc | Method for purifying metal halides |
| FR1326657A (fr) * | 1962-04-27 | 1963-05-10 | Ici Ltd | Procédé de rectification des bains de sels fondus |
| DE1567913A1 (de) * | 1965-03-23 | 1970-09-24 | Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved | Verfahren zur Zubereitung von Rohstoffen fuer die Herstellung von Alkalihalogenid-Einkristallen |
| DE1567914A1 (de) * | 1965-03-29 | 1970-10-01 | Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved | Verfahren zur Zubereitung von Rohstoffen fuer die Herstellung von Monokristallen |
| US3649552A (en) * | 1967-03-31 | 1972-03-14 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Method for preparing high quality rare earth and alkaline earth fluoride single crystals |
| US3565700A (en) * | 1968-12-10 | 1971-02-23 | Us Navy | Method for preparing and purifying pure dry fluoride materials |
| US3826817A (en) * | 1972-07-26 | 1974-07-30 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Metal halides with low hydroxyl ion contamination |
| US3969491A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1976-07-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Purification of alkali metal chlorides and bromides |
| US3935302A (en) * | 1974-02-27 | 1976-01-27 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Preparation of alkaline earth metal halide crystals for laser windows |
-
1975
- 1975-12-29 US US05/645,866 patent/US4076574A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-11-16 IL IL50922A patent/IL50922A/xx unknown
- 1976-11-24 GB GB48980/76A patent/GB1563625A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-14 DE DE2656504A patent/DE2656504C3/de not_active Expired
- 1976-12-22 FR FR7638743A patent/FR2336971A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-12-22 SE SE7614469A patent/SE416479B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-27 IT IT52793/76A patent/IT1074232B/it active
- 1976-12-28 JP JP15766276A patent/JPS5282697A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2656504B2 (de) | 1978-10-26 |
| FR2336971B1 (enExample) | 1983-07-08 |
| JPS5282697A (en) | 1977-07-11 |
| US4076574A (en) | 1978-02-28 |
| JPS5632274B2 (enExample) | 1981-07-27 |
| IL50922A (en) | 1979-11-30 |
| IL50922A0 (en) | 1977-01-31 |
| IT1074232B (it) | 1985-04-17 |
| GB1563625A (en) | 1980-03-26 |
| DE2656504A1 (de) | 1977-07-07 |
| SE7614469L (sv) | 1977-06-30 |
| SE416479B (sv) | 1981-01-05 |
| FR2336971A1 (fr) | 1977-07-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |