DE2631774A1 - STEERING SYSTEM FOR THE WHEELS OF THE TRAILER AXLE OF A JOINT CABLE - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE

DIPL.-INC. GERD CX) MMENTZ

7 STWI Κ, ΛΚΙ I

K I.I PI IiN I-Cl! s I Ii \ SS I. I I I 1.1.M) N pi / I I) Ινϊι. Il

14.-. July 1976 V 125 P

Walter Vetter 7012! Pellbach, Ringstrasse 28

Steering system for the wheels of the trailing axle

steering cable

The present invention "relates to a steering system for the Wheels of the trailing axle one from a front end as well as an articulated train that is coupled to this trailer and in which the trailer axle is rigid and the wheels of the same are steerable via a steering arm engaging the rear end of the front end.

In his already known articulated steering system, they are Wheels of the trailer are arranged on a steering stool, which is again connected to the truck by means of a steering arm is pivotable. In that the end of this steering arm facing the front end is articulated at one point on the front end which, in relation to the direction of travel, lies behind the coupling joint used to link the trailer, this steering arm guides the front end of the vehicle when the vehicle is in front of the car a corresponding swivel movement, which is also a swivel

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-Z- f H.7.1976

movement of the baths arranged on the steering stool result Has. The same is also true for a rigid Jüach runner axle have been used, the baths of which are also lenkjibar by means of such a Lenkannes. That being said, these well-known Steering systems are still quite complex and therefore expensive, the swivel angles of the baths to be achieved are the Follower only relatively small.

The object of the present invention is now to create a steering system suitable for such an articulated train which the above-mentioned disadvantages no longer exist and which is due to a particularly simple construction as well a special effectiveness.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the in In a known manner by means of steering knuckles pivotably mounted about vertical axes of rotation wheels of the trailing axle by means of said steering arm and at least one on the one hand on this steering arm and on the other hand on one of the steering knuckles hinged handlebar are steerable.

Depending on the respective demands made on such a steering system of the wheels of an IT trailing axle can be placed the end of the steering arm facing the front end of the arm at the end of the front end, the linkage of the trailer serving coupling joint or in relation to the

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"Direction of travel both in front of and behind the same on that Be articulated in the front end.

If the end of this steering arm facing the front end of this steering arm is now articulated in front of or behind the coupling joint serving to articulate the trailing errs at the end of the front end of the vehicle, the steering arm executes a pivoting movement when the articulated train travels around a curve, this pivot point then moving on a circular path, its center point lies in the articulation axis of the steering arm. This, however, in turn has the consequence that the distance existing between the linkage of the steering arm and the fixed counter-bearing of the front end is reduced when cornering. In order to compensate for these dimensional differences that occur when cornering, the joint serving to articulate the steering arm on the front end of the vehicle is expediently mounted so that it can be moved longitudinally in relation to the longitudinal center axis of the front end, which can be achieved, for example, by arranging the joint at the free end of a telescopic rod and this telescopic rod is again mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner in a telescopic tube which is fixedly arranged at the end of the front end and in its longitudinal center axis.

Should the characteristics of the steering of the trailing wheels be brought about by the driver of the articulated train while driving this can be achieved by this

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Joint is forcibly displaceable and lockable. In this connection, this joint can be arranged both at one free end of the telescopic rod that can be displaced in the telescopic tube assigned to the Yorder carriage and at the fi? Eieii end of a second telescopic rod facing away from this first telescopic rod, which can be moved longitudinally again in one at the free end of the longitudinal arm and in its longitudinal center axis arranged telescopic tube is mounted, whereby one of these two telescopic rods is then positively guided and lockable. Such forcibly Mhrung exerts one or the other telescopic rod can be dal) ei erfindungsgemaS achieved in that the one telescopic tube is a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder zugeordnet.Ist ₃ eleskopstamge in the piston meder via a piston rod with the ^ of the associated telescopic tube is connected * Another possibility of this forced filtering consists in the fact that one telescopic tube itself is already designed as a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder and an associated piston is arranged on the end of the associated telescopic rod that protrudes into this cylinder »

As for the 3jenkana already mentioned above, so this is expediently designed as a lowering fork, both of which Leg ends at the two free ends of a two-armed, Sehwesükaniies are symmetrical to the central longitudinal axis of the steering fork are articulated, whose "vertical axis of rotation In the litngsmlttelachse of the runner to the Eupplims joint and the

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Trailing axle is arranged and then at its free 3nd which is the pivoting movement of the rigid trailing axle corresponding steering knuckle "engages steering rod. With such a design, instead of the aforementioned Swivel arm but also a pivotable about the same axis of rotation and supported on a stationary counter bearing be provided turntable, on the circumference of which the Attack both leg ends of the associated steering fork and also the handlebar.

What continues to be the design of the rigid trailing axle relates, so the two stub axles are expediently arranged in a manner known per se on them Tie lever and a tie rod located between the free end connected to each other, then on the one of the two axle handles a further steering lever is fixedly arranged is where the only handlebar hinged to your swivel arm attacks.

Is between the steering arm mentioned above or the steering fork provided instead and the one on your steering knuckle attached steering lever arranged a steering system, this can for example consist of two on the one hand on your swivel arm or the slewing ring and, on the other hand, steering rods articulated on said steering lever and one between them Both handlebars located, there are angle levers pivotable about a fixed axis of rotation, which then either do that End of one thigh or around the top of his head

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is pivotable.

Two different embodiments of the articulated train according to the invention are shown in the drawing:

"Ss show:

Fig. 1 shows the schematic representation of the articulated train with the associated trailing steering in the Straight exit,

FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 when cornering,

3 shows the representation of a second embodiment of the articulated train when driving straight ahead,

FIG. 4 shows a detail from FIG. 3 when cornering, and FIG

Fig. 5 and 6 excerpts from JPig. 3 with different Position of the pivot axis of the steering arm.

In the articulated train shown schematically in FIG. 1, the front carriage is denoted by 1 and the trailer is denoted by 2. The front end 1 has a rigid front axle 3, the baths 4 of which can be steered by means of a steering wheel 5 and a steering system 6 formed from several steering rods.

^T Jas relates to the trailer 2, so this is hitched else in the usual ¥ at one disposed on the vehicle front end 7 of coupling joint 8 and is supported by the wheels 9 of its likewise fixed axle 10 on the road surface. As with the front axle 3 of the front end 1, the wheels 9 of this rigid trailing axle 10 are each loaded with 11

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drew knuckles arranged back over them. associated track lever 12 and a tie rod 13 are connected to one another.

To steer the wheels 9 belonging to the trailing arm 10, a steering gear 14 is provided, which is arranged between the coupling joint 8 and the trailing arm, and the two ends of the steering shaft 15 attack the TMfang of a turntable 18 at the opposite points 16 and Yl BXL, which itself-again by one in The longitudinal center line 19 of the runner 2 "is located between the coupling joint 8 and the runner axis 20 is pivotable and is supported on a fixed, disc-shaped counter bearing 21. Adjacent to the point 17 is a joint designated 22, on which again engages a steering rod 23, the end 24 of which facing the Saehläuferaehse 10 is connected to a steering lever 25 attached to the one steering knuckle 11.

How welter from the PIg. 1 can be seen, so dominates the rotary ring 18 remote from free end 26 of steering fork 14 through the Eupplungsgelenk 8 out and is articulated in the hinge 27 at the free end 28 of a 29 designated Seleskopstange, which itself again in an in the longitudinal center plane 31 of the Ύότ- The carriage 1 at the end 7 of which is arranged 3? telescopic tube 31 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable.

The mode of operation of this steering system described above

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is the following: When in the Pig. 1 shown straight-ahead travel of the articulated train "are the articulation axes of the Joints 27, 8 and 20 in the common longitudinal center plane 19/30 of the front end 1 and the rear end 2, then the Steering rod 23 and the steering levers 25 and 12 of the trailing axle 10 adopt their formal position in which the baths 9 of Machlaufers 2 are aligned to travel straight ahead.

It is now after actuation of the steering wheel 5 and the steering system If the driver of the front vehicle 1 executes a pivoting movement to the left by the driver of the front vehicle 1, the joint 27 also follows this pivoting movement, it moves on the circular arc 32 shown in dashed lines around the coupling joint 8. This displacement of the joint 27 from the longitudinal center plane 19 of the trailer 2 results in a pivoting movement of the steering fork 14 in the direction of arrow 33, the joint 27 being the circular arc 34 shown in dashed lines around the articulation axis 20 follows. The associated reduction in the space between the end 35 of the fixed telescopic tube 31 and the axis of rotation 20 of the turntable 18 located distance a to the dimension a * compensated by the fact that the joint 25 carrying the lelescopic rod 29 in the telescopic tube 31 in the direction of the Arrow 36 is moved.

Simultaneously with the pivoting movement of the steering fork 14 The direction of the arrow 53 is found together with the turntable 18

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also the joint 22 a similar pivoting movement what a displacement of the handlebar 23 in the direction of arrow 37 and thus in turn a pivoting movement of the steering lever 25 in the direction of arrow 37 results. In this way, however, the two steering knuckles 11 also experience the idler axle 10 and with these the wheels 9 a pivoting movement in the same direction 38, which supports the cornering of the articulated train and the so-called turning radius is significantly reduced.

When the articulated train is back in its straight line travel, it has a pivoting movement of the steering fork 14 against it the direction of the arrow 33 to follow, the wheels 9 of the Hachläuferachse 10 via the associated steering system again be swiveled back into their straight line. At a On the other hand, the right-hand curve leads the steering fork 14 and the associated steering system with its pivoting movement in the opposite direction Direction from what a corresponding left position of the wheels 9 of the trailing axle 10 results.

The following Pig. Figures 3 and 4 show a second similar one Embodiment of the articulated train according to the invention in which the same components are replaced by the same reference numbers Marked are. In contrast to the first embodiment, however, in this case there is 23 instead of the handlebar a steering system designated by 39 is provided, which consists of the two on the one hand on the joint 22 and on the other hand

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the steering lever 25 engaging the steering rods 40 and 41 and a zv / regard "consists, which is pivoted about a vertical axis in the joint 43rd The" these stored TJinkelhebel 42 Jirkungsweise this L _e nksysternes 59 is the same as already "in the above-mentioned handlebar 23. The use of this steering system 39, however, enables ec to bypass components of the chassis which would lie approximately in the region of the constrained handlebar 23.

as further, 3 and 4 seen from the I ¹ Ig, so "is a still further provided in this embodiment in addition to the slidable in the TeIeskoprohr 31 telescopic rod 29 also at the hinge 27 engaging IeIeskopstange 44 with the aforementioned telescopic rod 29 cooperates and is supported in a 'telescopic tube 45, which is longitudinally displaceable and which is supported between the two legs of the steering fork 14. The two telescopic rods 29 and 44 acting on the joint 27 allow an arbitrary displacement of the joint 27 serving to articulate the steering fork H in Pdchtung The double arrow 46, as can be seen in particular from Pig a designated with 47 pneumatic or hydraulic working cylinder 47 is arranges, whose

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July 14, 1976

• the piston rod 48 directly with the one from the telescopic tube 31 protruding end 49 of the telescopic rod 29 is connected.

The meaning and mode of action of this displaceable bearing of the joint 27 is as follows: When in the Pig. 3 the straight-ahead travel of the articulated train shown is also in this Pail the joint 27 between it facing end 35 of the telescopic tube 31 as well as the coupling joint 8, in which case the pivot axles of the joints 27, 8 as well as 20 and also the two telescopic rods 29 and 44 in the common longitudinal center plane 19/30 of the articulated train. Also take the steering fork 14 and the steering system 39 and the baths 9 of the trailing axle 10 their normal position, in the position of the joint 27 by the on the ! Telescopic rod 29 acting working cylinder 47 is fixed.

If the front end 1 again swings to the left, this has a swivel movement of the steering fork 14 in the direction of the arrow 33 to the pole in the same way, as has already been described in connection with the first embodiment. This pivotal movement of the steering fork 14 is transmitted via the steering system 39 to the Mach rotor axis 10 and thus also on the wheels 9 at the same W _e ise a pivoting movement in the direction of arrows run 38th I _n so long as "there is a correspondence with the above already" described first embodiment.

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the driver of the articulated train now switch off this steering of the baths 9 of the Sachläuferachse 10, so by actuation of the working cylinder 47 of the telescopic rod 29 a displacement issued in the direction of arrow 50, which also means a corresponding displacement of the joint 27 as well as the other Seieskopstange 44 in the same direction. As soon as the joint 27 comes into congruence with the clutch joint 8, like this in the Pig. 5 shown schematically is, the pivoting of the front end 1 remains on the steering fork H, so that the wheels 9 of the Trailing rake 10 continues to be in its straight-ahead position remain.

If, on the other hand, the articulated train should come from a parking lot, for example extend and thereby swing out the trailing end 51 are omitted, for this purpose the wheels 9 of the Machläufer axle 10 must be swiveled out counter to the direction of the arrows 38 necessary. To achieve this, actuation of the working cylinder 47 results in a further displacement of the joint 27 brought about in the direction of arrow 50, so that the joint is now based on the direction of travel behind the coupling joint 8 Su stand comes. As a result of this position of the Joint 27 but leads the steering fork 14 when pivoting the front end 1 a pivoting movement against the direction of the Arrow 33. But this means that the wheels 9 become the trailing axle 10 no longer to the right, but to the left

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in their in the pig. 4 position shown in dashed lines swiveled out that the ITacharger 2 from the Vordwägeη can easily be pulled out of the parking bay without fear of the trailing end 51 being swung out, If the extension of the articulated train from the Pe, rkbucht Toe ends, the joint 27 again against the direction of arrow 49 in its in the pig. 5 "shown neutral position or in the in the Pig. 3 withdrawn position shown. Through the When this working cylinder 47 is activated, the driver can of the articulated train act in a completely individual "Veise on the steering of the wheels 9 of the Bachläufer axis 10 and this steering also at any time of its respective Pahrv / eise adjust.

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eaufrnseicliorJiip-ue: Y 1 ° j P

? iic! οι * of I-enL-re-d

28 end of 29

29 telescopic pole

30 median plane of 1

31 telescopic tube

32 arcs of 27

6 Ie JuCu ₁ TS-CSnI 33 arrow of 14 7 "" nth of 1 34 arc of a circle G couplingDgelenlc 35 sins of 31 9 squads out of 10 36 arrow of 29 10 achcfc of £ 37 arrow of 23 11 stub axles 33 arrow of 25 1? iipur lever 39 steering system 1; Tie rod 40 handlebar of 39 14 Leiikgabsl 41 handlebar of 39 15 ^ chwnkolendon from 14 42 articulated lever from 39 16 points out of 15 43 joint 17 points from ο 44 telescopic pole IC rx'shSTRnz 45 telescopic tube 1Π longitudinal mid-lifecnc of 2 46 arrow 20 Ac he 3 of 1 3 47 working cylinders 21 Geg _£ nlager of 13 48 piston rod 22 joint 49 sins of 29 O "Z T ₁ ^ u Tf "! rc * * l ^ i -ι-. r, * p 50 arrow 24 sins of 23 51 End of the run 25 steering lever on 24 a & distance 35/20

26 "Dnd.G of 14

27 joint of 26

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Claims (1)

H. 7. 1976 Expectations Steering system for the baths of the Hachläufer axle consisting of a front carriage and an articulated train coupled to this, in which the Machläufer axle is rigid and the wheels of which are steerable via a steering arm which acts on the rear end of the goal carriage, characterized in that the in per se In a known manner, wheels (9) of the secondary rotor axle (10) pivoted about vertical axes of rotation by means of steering knuckles (11) by means of the steering arm (14) and at least one steering rod (23) articulated on the one hand to the steering arm (14) and on the other hand to one of the steering knuckles (11) ) are steerable. 2. Articulated train according to claim 1, characterized in that the the front end (1) facing the end (27) of the steering arm (14) in the one at the end (7) of the front end (1), the Linkage of the trailer (2) serving coupling joint (8) or in relation to the direction of travel gate or behind the same (8) is hinged to the front end (07). 3. Articulated train according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the articulation of the steering arm (14) on the front end (i) serving joint (27) is mounted longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal center plane (30) of the front end. 4. Articulated train according to claim 3, characterized in that the joint (27) at the free end (28) of a telescopic rod (29) arranged and this telescopic rod £ 9) can be moved lengthways -15- 709883/0367 _0R , g, _N al _lNSPEC T _E D _ / 5 - ^ 7/14/1976 I. in one at the end (7) of the front end (1) and in its Telescopic tube (31) arranged in the longitudinal center line (30) is mounted. 5. Articulated train according to one or more of claims 1 Ms 4, characterized in that the joint (27) serving to articulate the steering arm (14) on the front carriage (1) is compulsory is displaceable (46) and lockable. 6. Articulated train according to claim 5, characterized in that the joint (27) both at the free end (28) of the in the Telescopic tube (31) associated with the front arm (1) and the displaceable telescopic rod (29) as well as the free end of one of these first Telescopic rod (29) facing away from the second telescopic rod (44) is arranged, which is longitudinally displaceable in one on the free End of the steering arm (14) and arranged in the longitudinal center axis of the telescopic tube (45) is mounted, then one of these two telescopic rods (29, 44) forcibly guided and lockable is. 7. Articulated train according to claim 6, characterized in that the one telescopic tube (31) is assigned a pneumatic or hydraulic working cylinder (47), the piston rod (48) of which is connected to the telescopic rod (29) of the adjacent telescopic tube (31). 8, articulated train according to claim 6, characterized in that the one 709883/0 367 - * 6 - ■ July 14, 1976 Telescopic tube is arranged (31) itself is designed as a pneumatic or hydraulic working cylinder and at the leskopstange projecting into this end of the E _e (29), an associated piston. ' 9. Articulated train according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the steering arm as a steering fork (14) is formed, the two leg ends (15) of which at the two free ends (16, 17) of a two-armed, to the longitudinal center axis the steering fork (14) is hinged to the symmetrical swivel arm (18), are, the vertical axis of rotation (20) in the ^ longitudinal center plane (19) of the trailer (2) between the "clutch s gel ent (8) and the trailer axle (10) is arranged and on which at a free end (22) a handlebar (23) or the like. 10. Articulated train according to claim 9, characterized in that instead of of the swivel arm, a turntable (18) which can be swiveled about the same axis of rotation (20) and is supported on a stationary counter-bearing (21) is provided on its circumference the two leg ends (15) of the steering fork (14) and also the Attack the handlebar (23) or the like. 11. Articulated train according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the two stub axles (11) of the rigid trailing axle (10) in a per se known "V / eise via track levers (12) fixed on them and one between the free ends of the tie rod (13) 709883 / 03S7 _ _1? _ - 14.7.1 * 76 are connected to one another and on one of the two stub axles (11) a further steering lever (25) is fixedly arranged is on which the steering rod (25) hinged to the swivel arm (14) engages. 12. Articulated train according to claim 9 and / or 10, characterized in that that the handlebar (23,40) is part of a between the steering lever (14) and the steering lever system (39) located on the trailing axle (10) is. 13. Articulated train according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the steering lever (25) located between the steering arm (14) and dCT on a steering knuckle (11) is located Iieji! Äicbels3 ⁷ s1 em (39) two on the one hand on the Cchv.'onkijrm (14) or the turntable (18) and on the other hand on the L _G ji] r lever (? 5) m ^ olcnlcten handlebars (40,41) and one between those two handlebars (40,41) located, about a fixed axis of rotation (43) pivotable Y / angle lever (42) consists. 14. G-articulated cable according to claim 13f, characterized in that the Angle lever (42) around the end of its one leg or around its vertex is pivotable. ORIGINAL INSPECTED 709883/0367 COPY